CN1760346A - A method for suppressing sulphur released during combustion of coal - Google Patents

A method for suppressing sulphur released during combustion of coal Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1760346A
CN1760346A CN 200510119926 CN200510119926A CN1760346A CN 1760346 A CN1760346 A CN 1760346A CN 200510119926 CN200510119926 CN 200510119926 CN 200510119926 A CN200510119926 A CN 200510119926A CN 1760346 A CN1760346 A CN 1760346A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
coal
moulded coal
sulphur
moulded
molasses
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CN 200510119926
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Chinese (zh)
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拉塞尔·威尔逊·安德森
迪安·约翰·安德森
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YARRABOLDY BRIQUETTE Co P
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YARRABOLDY BRIQUETTE Co P
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Priority claimed from AU2004904970A external-priority patent/AU2004904970A0/en
Application filed by YARRABOLDY BRIQUETTE Co P filed Critical YARRABOLDY BRIQUETTE Co P
Publication of CN1760346A publication Critical patent/CN1760346A/en
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Abstract

The invention provides a process for producing sulphur-suppressing molded coal, and the method includes following steps: reducing size of the coal to increase degree of porosity of the formed coal grain; Contacting the coal grain with calcareousness component as first sulfur restraining agent; Contacting the coal grain formed in said step with second part sulfur restraining agent under a condition of no more than 60 deg C, wherein the second part sulfur restraining agent is gooey whose content is up to 4%; molding the obtained mixture to make the molded coal.

Description

A kind of method that suppresses sulphur release in the coal combustion process
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of moulded coal preparation method, to suppress the release of the contained sulphur of moulded coal in the combustion processes.
The present invention describes with reference to the moulded coal that is made by coal, but the present invention can expand to the industrial chip of other type.
Background technology
The coal moulding process is that coal particle (as coal dust or analogue) is agglomerated into large-size, to be more suitable for the use of boiler and other heating unit.
Usually the method for pulverized coal forming be with mixture at high temperature (usually above 200 ℃) add shaper, the multiple binding agent that can melt under this service temperature can use as pitch and bituminous coal etc.Sometimes, coal itself also works to the bonding process under this hot conditions.
A shortcoming of coal moulding at high temperature is to require the expenditure of energy.For this reason, also have the method for a kind of being called " cold-forming ", in this method, do not need heating, or Heating temperature reaches 100 ℃.Need different types of binding agent that coal particle is bonded together in the coldmoulding process, so that acceptable moulded coal to be provided.These binding agents also need can keep the integrity of moulded coal in combustion processes, with stop moulded coal in advance, partially or completely break, and then stop unburned coal to pass fire bars, cause damage.
Can use molasses or lime as binding agent among the moulded coal preparation technology, seemingly common practise.Molasses mix with coal particle through water dilution back usually.Add lime then, the mixture of gained is compressed into moulded coal.The quite high calorific value of moulded coal that causes descends thereby a shortcoming of these binding agents is the consumption of binding agent.The content that reduces binding agent simply can make that again moulded coal is frangible and cause other undesirable feature.
In Australia, the most of sulphur contents of coal of exploitation are lower than 1% at present, the sulphur content of overwhelming majority coal approximately is 0.6%-0.8%, this is Australian coal one of welcome reason in outlet, and the sulphur content of other national coal is much higher usually, for example, in state-owned very high coal reserves, but tend to import Australia coal, this is because the sulphur content of CHINESE COAL is higher, normally in the scope of 4%-5%.
When the burning CHINESE COAL, the sulphur in the coal is released, and as seen the sulphur major part of this 4%-5% discharges from combustion equipment in a large number by chimney.In a single day these sulphur are released in the atmosphere, form known acid rain, finally enter the zone of water cycle and other environment fragility, cause environmental disruption.
We relate to the technology for preparing moulded coal in first to file, wherein adopt lower binder content.This technology may further comprise the steps:
(a) be higher than under 60 ℃ in temperature, coal particle mixed with the molasses of 0.25%-4%,
(b) add the calcium oxide of enough ratios in the mixture, with the heating product, remove moisture and
(c) mixture is processed into moulded coal.
Although this technology can make the content of briquette binder be lower than normal value really, this technology also can be fallen doctor negative release to a certain extent.Can suppress sulphur when we notice this technology, we recognize the inhibition that should further study sulphur.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method and product that can overcome above-mentioned defective, perhaps offer a kind of selection useful or that commercial value is arranged of the public.
On the one hand, the invention belongs to a kind of preparation method of moulded coal, the sulphur content of gained moulded coal is suppressed, and this method may further comprise the steps:
(a) reduce the size of coal, to increase the porosity of formed coal particle;
(b) coal particle is partly contacted with lime as first part's sulphur inhibitor;
(c) make under not being higher than 60 ℃ temperature that formed coal particle contacts with second section sulphur inhibitor in the step (b), described second section sulphur inhibitor is the molasses up to 4%; With
(d) moulding of gained mixture is made moulded coal.
This method is for the minimizing that reaches sulphur burst size in the moulded coal burning or minimizes purpose and develop.
Usually, the granularity that is reached with ordinary method exploitation and comminuted coal serves as approachingly to be lower than 50mm, and such coal can carry out washing or remove mineral (ROM).Granularity is lower than the 50mm coal and is suitable for further grinding, grinds or is crushed to less than about 4mm.Usually, the content of the coal that granularity is less influences the binder amount that moulding needs greatly, and influences the effect of binding agent.Although do not wish to be subjected to the constraint of this theory,, as if the granularity of the reduction of gained coal particle makes that coal particle is easier and is permeated by each sulphur inhibitor part in this step.Different coals, even be ground into identical granularity, its porosity is also inequality.Therefore, the coal particle size preferably is crushed to less than 4mm, because under this granularity, allows each sulphur inhibitor part to enter respectively in the hole of the complexity in the coal particle, forms the matrix that interconnects of a binding agent/inhibitor.
Because from the difference of the porosity of the coal in country variant, different colliery, so, be to obtain the ideal porosity, the final pulverized granularity of different coals also is different.Yet, be a mean value less than 4mm, and be suitable for most coals.
Usually, the coal particle of pulverizing will be sent in processing industry in the container that is called " surge bin " (surge bin).Use these feed bins can obtain the coal dust supply continuously to guarantee the operation behind feed bin.
Coal particle and first part's sulphur inhibitor (calcium oxide) blended step are preferably in mixer/stirrer carries out.Preferred mixer/stirrer is the surface that can make each sulphur inhibitor part penetrate in the hole of coal respectively rather than only be wrapped in coal particle.Material must enter the agitator of mixer, and perhaps agitator must be through all parts of mixture.Preferably select the high mixer of mixing index.The performance of industry mixer is weighed by stirring needed time, watt consumption and product property.By analyzing repeatedly spot sample, measure the uniformity coefficient of mixing intermediate product and final product, also be the method for most important quantitative measurement mixer performance usually.
Can use various types of lime in the step (b), as unslaked lime (calcium oxide), white lime or calcium hydroxide.Usually, coal particle and first part's sulphur inhibitor can mix in mixer/mixing tank.
Calcium oxide in the coal particle (unslaked lime) and molasses mix the generation thermopositive reaction, cause the mixture temperature to raise, thereby with the moisture evaporation in the material.This heat finally can be with the mixture drying.
The final moulded coal product that the use of unslaked lime makes can be heated very soon, and the moulded coal that causes forming fragmentation may take place, the granularity of product when making the moulded coal granularity less than the beginning moulding.This is the big and unchallenged technology of processing small-particle for output, and perhaps this is an advantage.But, for handling moulded coal less or fragmentation problem is arranged if transport a little, and perfect or bulky moulded coal can satisfy the needs that transport, and perhaps needs to use white lime this moment.
According to the present invention, when white lime as first part sulphur inhibitor the time, it is slower with reaction that the back adds molasses, and this will make the easier control of being heated of mixture, and more can control the complete of moulded coal product.When using white lime, the moulded coal process of setting needs bigger space usually.
Corresponding is that the lime part in the sulphur inhibitor should be kept under dry and the not contaminated condition, and does not consider its actual form.
As above indirect mentioning, the consumption of lime component preferably depends on the granularity and/or the porosity of coal particle.Each component of sulphur inhibitor should be suitable for being penetrated into fully in the coal hole, so that it can cover sulphur contained in the coal particle.So, do not wish that each component of sulphur inhibitor only covers the surface of coal particle, because with this understanding, the sulphur that only is present in coal particle surface in the coal combustion process can be suppressed.
In some cases, the sulphur inhibitor just suppresses the release of surperficial sulphur as long as be covered in the surface of the porous coal of larger particles simply, and the lower sulphur amount of suppression of this acquisition just is enough to satisfy the rules and regulations that local sulphur discharges.Yet reality is not always so.
Usually, the maximum amount of lime that needs in the method for the present invention is approximately 8%.
Second section sulphur inhibitor component is molasses.The amount that molasses join in the coal particle of being filled by lime preferably can make it bond together, and maximum is approximately 4%.Usually, the consumption of molasses is 0.25%-4%.Molasses can first thin up, and the ratio of water and molasses is approximately 30%: 60%, and this ratio depends on the viscosity of molasses.And the seasonal variation situation that the viscosity of molasses depends on the growth of sugarcane or beet with and breaking method.
Although in theory might not be like this, temperature by keeping molasses is at 40 ℃-60 ℃, can be so that significantly reduce (typically being approximately 1 weight %) as the usage quantity of the molasses of binding agent, so as if, can increase the viscosity of molasses, make under the condition of molasses very in a small amount, this binding agent can be penetrated in the coal particle more completely, brings into play better cohesive action, thereby improves reaction uniformity between constituents for suppressing.
Molasses can be the waste molasses in sugar refinery.The incrystallizable partly cause of residue molasses in these waste molasses (being also referred to as the C-molasses) is because impurity has wherein hindered the crystallization of residue molasses.
If these molasses can with coal particle uniform mixing very in small, broken bits, and these coals are with sulphur inhibitor lime component uniform mixing, sulphur so fixing or that remain in the coal ash will shockingly and against expectation significantly increase.
The mixture of preferably the sulphur inhibitor of coal particle and formation now being formed adds in the molding device then.The most effective briquette molding equipment is the roller type shaper.This machine preferably contains the pocket-type roller bearing of a pair of reverse rotation, and when these mixed materials injected this shaper, this roller bearing rotation formed the needed shape of preparation moulded coal, contains a spiral drill pipe in aforesaid device usually.
Motor drive shaping roller bearing, reinforced screw rod connect the driving mechanism of an accurate controlled frequency usually, and this driving mechanism uses programming logic arithmetic and control unit (PLC) guaranteeing correct feed rate, thereby guarantees the uniformity coefficient of product.
Mold compound preferably is transported to hardening region, the ventilated environment that preferably has so that the moisture in the hardened product can remove.Sclerosis generally needs about 48h, and the product of this moulding just can well moulding then, thereby can pile up storage.In piling up storage process, preferably moulded coal to be piled into air and can upwards to flow the shape of piling by moulded coal, the fragmentation that as far as possible reduces product is to increase the air capacity that upwards flows by the moulded coal heap.
Although the present invention is particularly suitable for the duff particle, the rough coal particle that reaches 1mm such as particle diameter also is operable, and other particulate except coal particle such as industrial micro mist also are operable.
Another object of the present invention is intended to seek the method for quickening evaporation/setting rate in the moulded coal preparation process, in this method, the moulded coal of moulding is stored up, when moulded coal being added to the moulded coal heap, make moulded coal stand blast or air-flow, so that the fringe region that less size distribution is piled at moulded coal, and larger particles is distributed in the central region of moulded coal heap heap, this middle part that will guarantee dump is vertically unimpeded, thereby allows sclerosis/evaporating course to carry out with the speed of maximum.
Typical blast or air-flow are airflow, and airflow will blow to the outward flange of moulded coal heap than small particle.Those skilled in the art can determine the flow and the flow velocity of used air-flow according to the effect that will reach.
Sun power can be used to further post-curing/drying process, and artificial heat energy also can be used for post-curing/drying process.
Embodiment
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of method that suppresses the manufacturing moulded coal of sulphur content.
Present method may further comprise the steps:
(a) reduce the size of coal, to increase the porosity of formed coal particle;
(b) coal particle is contacted with lime component as first part's sulphur inhibitor;
(c) make under not being higher than 60 ℃ temperature that formed coal particle contacts with second section sulphur inhibitor in the step (b), described second section sulphur inhibitor is the molasses up to 4%; With
(d) moulding of gained mixture is made moulded coal.
This method is that moulded coal when burning reduces or the purpose that minimizes the sulphur burst size is developed in order to reach.
Usually, the granularity that is reached with ordinary method exploitation and comminuted coal serves as approachingly to be lower than 50mm, and such coal can carry out washing or remove mineral (ROM).Granularity is lower than the 501mm coal and is suitable for further grinding, grinds or is crushed to less than about 4mm.
Because the porosity difference of the coal in country variant, different collieries, so for obtaining the ideal porosity, for different coals, its final pulverized granularity also is different, yet, be a mean value less than 4mm, and be suitable for most coals.
Usually, the coal particle of pulverizing will be sent among " surge bin " (surge bin).Use these feed bins can obtain the coal dust supply continuously to guarantee the operation behind feed bin.
The step that coal particle contacts with first part's sulphur inhibitor (lime part) is preferably in mixer/stirrer carries out.Adjust mixer/stirrer and make coal particle and lime mix, to promote that lime is penetrated in the hole of coal particle.
Can use dissimilar lime in the step (b).
Lime in the coal particle and molasses mix the generation thermopositive reaction, cause the temperature of mixture to raise, thereby with the moisture evaporation in the material, this heat finally can be with the mixture dryings.
The use of unslaked lime can cause final moulded coal product to be heated very soon, and fragmentation may take place the moulded coal that causes forming, and the size of the broken moulded coal of Xing Chenging is littler than the particle size after cracking without the moulded coal that original coal particle is done of unslaked lime thus.Big and when handling little particle and being out of question again, this is an advantage when output.
When white lime as first part sulphur inhibitor component the time, according to the present invention, it is slower with reaction that the back adds molasses, and this will make the easier control of being heated of mixture, and can keep the integrity of product.When using white lime, any moulded coal process of setting needs bigger space usually.
Usually, the amount of lime that needs in the method for the present invention is approximately 8%.
Second section sulphur inhibitor is molasses, and molasses join in the coal particle that is full of lime, bonds together for making the three, the molasses consumption is 0.25% to maximum value about 4%, molasses can thin up, and the ratio of molasses and water is about 30%: 60%, and this ratio depends on the viscosity of molasses.
The temperature that keeps molasses is at 40 ℃-60 ℃, can be so that significantly reduce (typically being approximately 1 weight %) as the usage quantity of the molasses of binding agent, increase molasses viscosity can so that molasses under condition very in a small amount, be penetrated in the coal particle more completely, play better cohesive action, and make between the inhibitor homogeneous reaction better.
The mixture that the sulphur inhibitor of coal particle and formation is now formed joins in the molding device then.The most effective molding device is the roller type shaper.
Motor drive shaping roller bearing, reinforced screw rod is typically connected to the driving mechanism of an accurate controlled frequency, guarantees that with a programming logic arithmetic and control unit (PLC) correct feed rate is to guarantee the uniformity consistency of product.
Transport above-mentioned mold compound then to hardening region.In order to remove the moisture in the hardened product, need good ventilation condition.Sclerosis generally needs about 48h, and this mold compound just can well moulding then, thereby can pile up.In banking process, preferably moulded coal is piled into air and can upwards flows the shape of piling by moulded coal.In banking process, reduce the fragmentation of product, in order to avoid reduce the air capacity of stream by the moulded coal heap as far as possible.
Specifically describing the variation of being done or change based on the present invention of other should be without prejudice to the present invention's spirit with in protection scope of the present invention.For example, the present invention not necessarily is defined in coal particle, and other industrial micro mist also can be used.Coal can be the coal particle of bituminous coal or hard coal, fine coal or recovery from cleaning course (as washing process).
In order to verify the effect of present method, to testing according to the moulded coal of present method manufacturing, the result is included among the following embodiment:
Embodiment 1
The coal sample of moulded coal sample and preparation moulded coal is the Yarraboldygo moulded coal company that derives from February 15th, 2005.Each moulded coal sample is approximately 20 kg.
1, the definition of sulfur-fixing rate
In coal combustion, the sulphur in the coal has two kinds of possible whereabouts:
(i) it can with oxygen reaction generate the gasiform oxygen sulfur compound and along with fume emission in air, perhaps
(ii) it is adsorbed by coal ash, thereby remains solid matter, can not cause topsoil.
In the reality, the sulphur in many kinds of coals exists and mixes whereabouts: part produces the gaseous oxidation thing, and remaining is adsorbed by coal ash.Normally most sulphur forms the gaseous oxidation thing.From the angle of environmental pollution, obviously wish the maximization of coal ash absorption total sulfur ratio.The part that this is adsorbed is represented with the form of per-cent, is defined as sulfur-fixing rate.
Sulfur-fixing rate in the coal combustion depends on the character of coal ash to a great extent.The moulded coal preparation technology's of Yarraboldygo company a order is exactly the maximized that makes coal ash absorption sulphur.
2, measure the method for sulfur-fixing rate
The mensuration of sulfur-fixing rate at first needs to measure the sulphur total amount in the fuel to be measured.Then, two kinds of alternative methods are arranged:
(I) amount of the gas sulphur oxide of mensuration burning generation; Or
(II) measure the sulfur content that remains in the coal ash
Every kind of method need be calculated by material balance, to measure sulfur-fixing rate.
For results reported among the present invention, employing be the back a kind of method, it comprises the steps:
(1) prepares a representational moulded coal test sample, be crushed to-212 μ m (nominal);
(2) moisture, ash content and the sulphur content of measurement moulded coal test sample;
(3) 815 ℃ of following combustion test samples in retort furnace; Keep ash content;
(4) ash content is carried out its sulphur content of assay determination.
Above-mentioned steps is a key step, also comprises:
(1) the volatile matter analysis of prototype version coal sample,
(2) ash content from the prototype version coal sample is carried out ultimate analysis (with the oxide form report, this is the operating method of accepting).Although these analyses are not main, also be an ordinary method of fuel analysis.
The feed coal used for testing laboratory's specimen preparation also carried out above-mentioned corresponding analysis.Also can between moulded coal and feed coal, carry out the character comparative analysis thus.
3, experimental result
The standard analysis result of coal and moulded coal is as shown in table 1.
With the runic result displayed is to be used for calculation type coal combustion sulfur-fixing rate therebetween.
4, calculate sulfur-fixing rate
With the data of last row of table 1, the sulfur-fixing rate that calculates moulded coal according to the material balance of sulphur is 100%.
Sulfur-fixing rate in the time of also can calculating the feed coal burning of making moulded coal by the data in the table 1.At this its sulfur-fixing rate is 25%.
These results show:
For the coal of moulding not, 75% sulphur is converted into the gaseous oxidation thing; Yet, for moulded coal) and the sulphur of % is converted into the gas cyaniding thing, because all sulphur all is retained in the ash content.
Table 1: the standard analysis result of CHINESE COAL and moulded coal prepared therefrom
Coal sampling Coal Moulded coal
Proximate analysis (%adb)
Moisture 1.0 3.0
Ash content 8.4 21.2
Volatile matter 28.4 30.4
Fixed carbon (with diff) 62.2 45.4
Total sulfur
Direct analysis (%, adb) 2.01 1.85
Under the dry ashless situation (%, daf) 2.22 2.44
Ash analysis (in the % oxide compound)
SiO 2 36.4 12.3
Al 2O 3 16.9 5.5
Fe 2O 3 12.20 4.40
CaO 14.50 52.40
MgO 1.20 0.77
Na 2O 0.63 0.23
K 2O 0.82 1.2
TiO 2 0.58 0.18
Mn 3O 4 0.09 0.04
SO 3 15.20 22.80
P 2O 5 0.08 0.09
BaO 0.09 0.04
SrO 1.80 0.58
ZnO 0.02 <0.01
Amount to 100.5 100.5
The mensuration of moulded coal combustion desulfurization rate is to finish in 815 ℃ retort furnace during experiment.
Experimental result shows, all sulphur is retained in after burning in the ash and is fixed in the moulded coal, and this shows and does not produce the gaseous sulfur oxide compound in the burning basically.
Same step is used for not the shaped coal burning, and in the case, sulfur-fixing rate is 25%, and this shows in the coal that 75% sulphur is converted into the gaseous sulfur oxide compound.
So can reach a conclusion: this moulded coal preparation method can reduce the release of incendiary moulded coal oxysulfide in the experiment retort furnace very effectively.

Claims (10)

1. moulded coal preparation method who suppresses sulphur content, this method may further comprise the steps:
(a) reduce the size of coal, to increase the porosity of formed coal particle;
(b) coal particle is contacted with lime component as first part's sulphur inhibitor;
(c) make under not being higher than 60 ℃ temperature that formed coal particle contacts with second section sulphur inhibitor in the step (b), described second section sulphur inhibitor is the molasses up to 4%; With
(d) moulding of gained mixture is made moulded coal.
2. moulded coal preparation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein coal is exploited out, and is crushed in first pulverising step approximately less than 50mm, and this granularity further is crushed to approximately less than 4mm again less than the coal of 50mm.
3. moulded coal preparation method as claimed in claim 1 wherein uses mixing tank/agitator to promote each sulphur inhibitor partly to enter in the hole of coal particle.
4. moulded coal preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it comprises at least one sampling step, wherein by respectively step (b) and (c) a plurality of spot samples of post analysis measure the homogeneity of mixing intermediate product and final product.
5. moulded coal preparation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lime as the sulphur inhibitor partly is selected from calcium oxide, white lime and calcium hydroxide.
6. moulded coal preparation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lime maximum consumption partly as the sulphur inhibitor is about 8%.
7. moulded coal preparation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the addition of molasses is 0.25%-4%.
8. moulded coal preparation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of molasses remains on 40-60 ℃, to increase the viscosity of molasses, so that molasses can be penetrated in the coal particle more fully so that better cohesive action to be provided under the lower situation of weight of binder, and improve reaction uniformity between constituents for suppressing.
9. moulded coal preparation method as claimed in claim 1 wherein also comprises follows step (d) cure step afterwards, so that the moisture in the moulded coal can dissipate.
10. one kind is quickened moulded coal hardened method, wherein the moulded coal of moulding is stored up, when moulded coal being added to the moulded coal heap, made moulded coal stand blast or air-flow, so that the fringe region that less size distribution is piled at moulded coal, and larger particles is distributed in the central region of moulded coal heap heap.
CN 200510119926 2004-09-01 2005-09-01 A method for suppressing sulphur released during combustion of coal Pending CN1760346A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2004904970A AU2004904970A0 (en) 2004-09-01 A Method for Suppressing Sulphur Released During Combustion of Coal
AU2004904970 2004-09-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1760346A true CN1760346A (en) 2006-04-19

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102272271A (en) * 2009-01-16 2011-12-07 西门子Vai金属科技有限责任公司 Method for producing pressed articles containing coal particles
CN104232198A (en) * 2013-06-20 2014-12-24 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Method and molasses water for preventing roller sticking phenomena of forming machine in process of producing coal briquettes by using waste molasses as well as equipment for producing coal briquettes

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102272271A (en) * 2009-01-16 2011-12-07 西门子Vai金属科技有限责任公司 Method for producing pressed articles containing coal particles
CN102272271B (en) * 2009-01-16 2015-11-25 西门子Vai金属科技有限责任公司 Containing the manufacture method of the stampings of coal particle
CN104232198A (en) * 2013-06-20 2014-12-24 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Method and molasses water for preventing roller sticking phenomena of forming machine in process of producing coal briquettes by using waste molasses as well as equipment for producing coal briquettes

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