CN1723044A - 空气清新装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种用于对空气或密闭空间进行加香、除臭或杀菌的装置,该装置包括:a.无水凝胶组件,在非水性加香、除臭或杀菌基本成分的存在下,通过采用交联剂使官能化液态聚合物交联而形成所述无水凝胶组件;和b.单独的定时器,该定时器用来提供失效指示信号。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及带有失效指示器的对空气进行加香、除臭或杀菌的装置。
背景技术
用于对空气进行加香、除臭或杀菌的装置是已有的。例如,目前家庭或办公室的各个房间里或例如汽车等密闭空间内都使用空气清新装置。近来,雷克特本克斯尔公司推出了一种商品名为“Crystal Air”的装置,该装置在凝胶中含有高含量芳香剂。例如,在US-A-5780527、GB-A-2363717和WO 00/24434中也描述了这种装置。空气清新器、除臭器或杀菌用品通常为,在例如塑料基材或带有凹槽的玻璃基材的装置中,盛有交联的或官能化的液态聚合物基质,该基质中含有50重量%以上的活性成分。这种装置在使用过程中将活性成分释放到空气中。一定时期之后,活性成分基本上耗尽,或者其释放速度不充分。
某些类型的空气清新装置具有有效的失效指示器。例如,采用电力驱动装置将其中液体组合物加热蒸发,当贮液池变空时,是很容易被发现的。又如,加香蜡烛燃尽后显然需要更换。但是,对于装有含高比例活性成分的凝胶基质的装置,由于没有明显的失效指示器,使用者很难确定需要更换的时机。
WO 00/24434中提到,通过一个或多个凹槽中凝胶材料的收缩来提供终点信号,这种收缩是很容易看到的。该文献还提到,所述凝胶材料通常会龟裂或开裂。然而我们发现,凝胶的收缩或龟裂未必是可靠的失效信号。收缩是一个连续的过程,凝胶充分收缩并需更换装置的时间不易确定。此外,并非总会发生龟裂,而且当发生龟裂时,龟裂发生时并不一定就是该装置不再有效工作的时间。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种用于对空气或密闭空间进行加香、除臭或杀菌的装置,该装置包括:
a.无水凝胶组件,在非水性加香、除臭或杀菌基本成分的存在下,通过采用交联剂使官能化液态聚合物交联而形成所述无水凝胶组件;和
b.单独的定时器,该定时器用来提供失效指示信号。
在例如US-A-5780527、GB-A-2363717和WO 00/24434中描述了这种无水凝胶组件,在此以参考的方式引入这些文献。我们所说的术语“官能化液态聚合物”,是一种在室温下呈液态的物质,且在25℃时,其黏度不超过5Pa·s,优选0.25Pa·s~1.0Pa·s。因此,所述官能化液态聚合物可以选自例如马来酸化的聚丁二烯、马来酸化的聚异戊二烯或乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物,而且交联剂含有至少两个互补性官能团。例如,可以从RevertexLtd购得商标为LITHENE的官能化液态聚合物。特别优选LITHENEN4-9000 10MA、LITHENE N4-B-10MA和LITHENE N4-5000-10MA。交联剂的例子有:含乙氧基化或丙氧基化高级脂族链的烷基丙二胺,例如由Croda Chemicals Ltd以DICRODAMET为商标出售的烷基丙二胺;以CRODAMET为商标出售的乙氧基化或丙氧基化脂肪伯胺;以及聚氧化烯二胺,例如由Huntsman Corporation以JEFFAMINE为商标出售的聚氧化烯二胺。
无水凝胶组件中,非水性加香、除臭或杀菌基本成分通常占50~95重量%,优选60~90重量%,更优选70~85重量%。该凝胶组件还可以含有其他组分,例如染料或增塑剂。
该装置的定时器为使用者提供关于该装置何时终止有效工作且必须更换或重装的指示信号。可以采用与所述无水凝胶组件分离的任何定时器。换句话说,该无水凝胶组件本身并不用于提供失效信号。
所述定时器理想地是在从该装置启用之日起14~60天内提供失效信号,优选28~40天。当然,这个时间有赖于多种因素,例如该无水凝胶组件的组成、所述装置的物理形状以及使用该装置的地点。理想的是,失效指示的时间由该装置的制造者来设定,但如果提供适当的调节器,该时间也可以由使用者来设定。
优选采用单次操作来在开始启动该装置本身的同时启动定时器。但是,也可以为该装置或定时器提供独立的启动器。
可以使用任何定时器,只要能显示适当的失效信号即可。例如,可使用可见的信号或音频信号。
在第一个实施方式中还提供了一种附加的凝胶组件。这种附加的凝胶组件与所述无水凝胶组件具有不同的组成,其不同之处在于,所述附加的凝胶组件被专门设计成可收缩的。将该附加的凝胶组件的一端固定,就可观察到该组件向固定点的收缩。当观察发现收缩达到一定程度时,例如该凝胶的收缩越过了某个指示物,如越过了刻在该装置上的线条时,这样就提供了失效信号。理想的是,这种附加的凝胶组件中不加香味剂,但优选使其着色以显示诱人且易于观察的外观。附加的凝胶组件可以采用简单的线条形状,或采用更为复杂的形状,例如围绕所述无水凝胶组件的圆形或环形组件,从而该定时器可使人产生秒表表盘的联想。这种附加的凝胶组件包含可随时间收缩的组合物,例如白明胶或角叉胶的组合物。
在第二个实施方式中提供了一种组合物,该组合物可被压缩、改变状态或解体。例如,该组合物可以呈离散的颗粒形式,优选球形颗粒形式。可将所述颗粒装入储存盒中,优选为基本垂直的储存盒,所述颗粒通过水的蒸发缓慢衰减,最终在储存盒底部凝结。当不再看到离散的颗粒时,或当颗粒的高度达到所指示的水平时,这就是失效信号。
可以使用满足上述要求的任何组合物,但特别有利的组合物是具有取代基的或不具有取代基的马来酸酐与具有取代基或不具有取代基的烯烃的共聚物。具有取代基的或不具有取代基的马来酸酐的例子是以下通式所示的化合物:
其中R1和R2相同或不同,各自是氢或烷基,特别是C1~C6烷基。优选R1和R2都是氢。
适当的烯烃的例子有直链或支化的C2~C12烯烃,特别是C2~C6烯烃,更具体地是C4烯烃,例如异丁烯。
共聚物优选是盐的形式,特别是碱金属盐,例如钠盐。
特别优选的共聚物是从日本大阪的Kuraray得到的异丁烯-马来酸酐钠共聚物。
为得到含水颗粒,仅需将所述颗粒加入水中并使其溶胀。通常可使其完全溶胀,但也可以通过加入限制量的水或在完全溶胀前取出所述颗粒来控制溶胀。这样就可以控制失效定时。控制失效定时的途径还可以是,选择适当的共聚物,或在定时器与空气之间安装透水膜,以延缓颗粒失水。
在第三个实施方式中,可以通过例如将电子定时电路与扩音器相连,从而提供音频信号,该电子定时电路优选由电池供能。本实施方式的一个例子与上述第一或第二个实施方式相似,不同之处是此处的组合物因含有例如炭黑、石墨或金属等导电颗粒而可以导电。一旦所述组合物因例如凝胶的收缩或颗粒的解体而经过一特定的点,电路就会断开。例如,可以设置两个电极,它们之间的电路一旦断开就会发出信号。
下面参照附图描述本发明的两个装置的例子。
附图说明
图1是本发明装置的第一个实施方式中的一个实施例的平面图;和
图2是本发明装置的第二个实施方式中的一个实施例的平面图。
具体实施方式
图1图解的是由雷克特本克斯尔公司出售的Crystal Air(注册商标)产品的改装样式。
这种装置包括玻璃主体1,在该玻璃主体1的一个面上具有花纹凹槽2,芳香凝胶装在凹槽2中。这些凹槽开口与室内空气连通,以便所述凝胶给空气加香。
现将这种装置改装,为其附加一个凹槽4,所述凹槽4与花纹凹槽2是分离的,并环绕在凹槽2的外周。所述附加凹槽4中填充第二凝胶5,凝胶5伸展至凹槽4的大部分长度,但不占满整个凹槽4。用一个固定装置例如钉子9来固定凝胶5的第一端,凝胶5的另一端为自由端7。在自由端7后部的一定距离处设置一邻近凹槽4的标记8。
使用时,例如,去除该装置背面的覆盖着花纹凹槽2和附加凹槽4的护片,或者从气密容器中取出该整个装置,这样就启动了该装置。此时第二凝胶5开始收缩,自由端向标记8移动。最终,所述的自由端7将到达标记8,由此提供失效信号。
在图2所示的第二个实施例中,采用与第一个实施例相同的加香凝胶3,但这次凝胶3是装在外壳10上端顶部的储存盒中。将所述凝胶3装在多个凹槽11中,从而按照与第一个实施例相似的方式加香。
所述外壳具有一个可以从外部看见的垂直延伸的腔室12,所述外壳本身可以是透明的,也可以是通过一个透明的窗口来观察腔室12。
所述的腔室12中填充堆叠的圆球13。这些球是由暴露在周围空气中即会衰减的材料制成的。例如,这些球中可浸渍有水,水将随时间而蒸发,这样将导致所形成的结构不能支撑它自身的重量而坍塌,或者这些球可以随着水的释放而收缩。
于是,在例如通过将该装置从气密容器中取出而启动该装置之后的特定时间内,球13将塌陷至腔室12底部的小空间内。优选在靠近腔室12底部的位置设置标记14,当所述的球塌陷到标记14以下时即指示失效。虽然图2显示标记14以下的腔室是透明的,但这并不是绝对的,也可以由所述球13从视野中消失来指示失效。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于对空气或密闭空间进行加香、除臭或杀菌的装置,所述装置包括:
a.无水凝胶组件,在非水性加香、除臭或杀菌基本成分的存在下,通过采用交联剂使官能化液态聚合物交联而形成所述无水凝胶组件;和
b.单独的定时器,该定时器用来提供失效指示信号。
2.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述官能化液态聚合物选自马来酸化的聚丁二烯、马来酸化的聚异戊二烯或乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物,所述交联剂含有至少两个互补性官能团。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的装置,其中,所述的非水性加香、除臭或杀菌基本成分占所述凝胶组件的60重量%~95重量%。
4.如上述任一项权利要求所述的装置,其中,所述的定时器包含附加组件,该附加组件在所述装置预定的有效期内进行可见的收缩。
5.如权利要求4所述的装置,其中,所述的附加组件含有一种凝胶,该凝胶比所述的无水凝胶组件的收缩速率更快。
6.如权利要求1~3任一项所述的装置,其中,所述的附加组件含有可收缩、可被压缩或可解体的颗粒。
7.如权利要求6所述的装置,其中,所述的颗粒含有马来酸酐-异戊二烯共聚物。
8.如上述任一项权利要求所述的装置,其中,所述的定时器在该装置使用28~40天后给出失效指示信号。
9.如上述任一项权利要求所述的装置,该装置包括启动器,当启动器开启时,便启动了该装置而释放所述的加香、除臭或杀菌物质,并且启动了所述的定时器。
10.如权利要求9所述的装置,其中,所述的启动器包括一个密封片,该密封片覆盖着所述的加香、除臭或杀菌物质以及定时器。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0300641A GB2397022A (en) | 2003-01-11 | 2003-01-11 | Air freshener with an end-of-life indicator |
GB0300641.8 | 2003-01-11 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1723044A true CN1723044A (zh) | 2006-01-18 |
CN100348270C CN100348270C (zh) | 2007-11-14 |
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CNB2004800020404A Expired - Fee Related CN100348270C (zh) | 2003-01-11 | 2004-01-12 | 空气清新装置 |
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US (1) | US20060100303A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1585553A1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN100348270C (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2004204382B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI0406652A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2512408A1 (zh) |
GB (1) | GB2397022A (zh) |
MX (1) | MXPA05007472A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL376642A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2004062699A1 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA200505058B (zh) |
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-
2003
- 2003-01-11 GB GB0300641A patent/GB2397022A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-01-12 CA CA002512408A patent/CA2512408A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-01-12 AU AU2004204382A patent/AU2004204382B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-01-12 EP EP04701387A patent/EP1585553A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-01-12 US US10/541,887 patent/US20060100303A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-01-12 BR BR0406652-9A patent/BRPI0406652A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-01-12 MX MXPA05007472A patent/MXPA05007472A/es unknown
- 2004-01-12 CN CNB2004800020404A patent/CN100348270C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-01-12 WO PCT/GB2004/000067 patent/WO2004062699A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-01-12 PL PL376642A patent/PL376642A1/pl not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2005
- 2005-06-22 ZA ZA200505058A patent/ZA200505058B/en unknown
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101558300B (zh) * | 2006-12-13 | 2013-03-13 | S.C.约翰逊父子公司 | 使用寿命指示器 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CA2512408A1 (en) | 2004-07-29 |
ZA200505058B (en) | 2006-08-30 |
AU2004204382A1 (en) | 2004-07-29 |
GB2397022A (en) | 2004-07-14 |
WO2004062699A1 (en) | 2004-07-29 |
MXPA05007472A (es) | 2005-09-21 |
BRPI0406652A (pt) | 2005-12-06 |
GB0300641D0 (en) | 2003-02-12 |
US20060100303A1 (en) | 2006-05-11 |
AU2004204382B2 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
CN100348270C (zh) | 2007-11-14 |
PL376642A1 (pl) | 2006-01-09 |
EP1585553A1 (en) | 2005-10-19 |
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