Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of soft handover DC-DC converter with less relatively assembly, and can reach the relative total cost of the switch cost that reduces transducer, the dead size of reduction transducer, the electromagnetic interference that reduces transducer, the efficient that improves transducer and reduction transducer.
Another main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of DC-DC converter with soft handover, comprises: an input capacitance; One main inductance; One main switch module comprises: a main switch has one first end, one second end and a control end; And one resonance electric capacity, its first end is electrically connected this second end of this main switch and this first end that its second end is electrically connected this main switch; One has the auxiliary switch module of soft handover, comprising: an auxiliary switch, have one first end, one second end and a control end, and this first end is electrically connected one first end of this main inductance; One resonance inductance, its first end is electrically connected this second end of this auxiliary switch; And one resonance diode, its cathodic electricity connects one second end of this resonance inductor; One main diode; An and output capacitance, wherein, this transducer uses a soft handover method, import the described control end of a drive signal respectively from one drive circuit to this main switch and this auxiliary switch, switch when driving this main switch and this auxiliary switch, thereby make this transducer not have switch cost respectively at no-voltage and zero current.
According to above-mentioned conception, this main switch and this auxiliary switch be a mos field effect transistor (MOSFET), have combination three that the insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) of high contrary bias-voltage and a diode and an insulated gate bipolar transistor be electrically connected in series one of them.
According to above-mentioned conception, this resonant capacitor for the built-in electric capacity and one of this main switch add electric capacity the two one of.
According to above-mentioned conception, this drive circuit comprises a drive integrated circult (driving IC) and a monostable circuit.
According to above-mentioned conception, this DC-DC converter can be one boost type DC/direct current transducer (boosting DC/DC converter).
According to above-mentioned conception, this first end of this main inductance of this boost type DC/direct current transducer is electrically connected one first end of this input capacitance, this second end that this of this main switch first end is electrically connected one second end of this input capacitance and this main switch is electrically connected this second end of this main inductance, one anode of this main diode is electrically connected this second end of this main inductance and one first end that its cathodic electricity connects this output capacitance, and one second end of this output capacitance is electrically connected this second end of this input capacitance.
According to above-mentioned conception, this DC-DC converter can be a buck DC-DC converter (buckDC/DC converter).
According to above-mentioned conception, this second end of this main switch of this buck DC-DC converter is electrically connected one first end of this input capacitance, this second end that this of this main inductance first end is electrically connected this first end of this main switch and this main inductance is electrically connected one first end of this output capacitance, and a cathodic electricity of this main diode connects this first end of this main inductance and one second end that its anode is electrically connected this input capacitance and one second end of this output capacitance.
According to above-mentioned conception, this DC-DC converter is a step-down and boost type DC/direct current transducer (buck-boost DC/DC converter).
According to above-mentioned conception, this second end of this main switch of this step-down and boost type DC/direct current transducer is electrically connected one first end of this input capacitance, this second end that this of this main inductance first end is electrically connected this first end of this main switch and this main inductance is electrically connected one second end of this input capacitance, one cathodic electricity of this main diode connects this first end of this main inductance and one second end that its anode is electrically connected this output capacitance, and one first end of this output capacitance is electrically connected this second end of this input capacitance.
Soft handover DC-DC converter with less relatively assembly provided by the invention, can obtain following advantage, that is: reduce the switch cost of transducer, the dead size of reduction transducer (be not main magnet assembly and also comprise fin and all can be reduced in size in order to reach all component that soft handover institute must append), reduce the relative total cost (having total cost structure) of the electromagnetic interference of transducer, the efficient that improves transducer and reduction transducer than relatively low manufacturing of above-mentioned known technology two and transportation etc.
Aforementioned and other advantage and feature of the present invention cooperate the detailed description of following accompanying drawing by the following examples, will be able to more deep understanding.
Embodiment
Please referring to Fig. 3, it is the circuit diagram that the present invention's first preferred embodiment has (boost type) DC-DC converter 1 of soft handover, and is existing that its framework and operation principles division is as follows.
This has soft handover (boost type) DC-DC converter 1 among Fig. 3, and it comprises aforementioned basic module with DC-DC converter of soft handover: an input capacitance Ci; One main inductance L; One main switch module 11 comprises: a main switch Sm (MOSFET) has one first end (source electrode), one second end (drain electrode) and a control end (grid); And a resonance capacitor C r, its first end is electrically connected this second end of this main switch Sm and this first end that its second end is electrically connected this main switch Sm; One has the auxiliary switch module 12 of soft handover, comprising: an auxiliary switch Sa (MOSFET), and it is electrically connected one first end, one second end (drain electrode) and a control end (grid) of this main inductance L to have one first end (source electrode); One resonance inductance L r, its first end is electrically connected this second end of this auxiliary switch Sa; And a resonance diode Dr, its cathodic electricity connects one second end of this resonance inductor L and one second end that its anode is electrically connected this main inductance L; One main diode Db; An and output capacitance Cb.Wherein, this first end of this main inductance L is electrically connected one first end of this input capacitance Ci, this second end that this first end of this main switch module Sm is electrically connected one second end of this input capacitance Ci and this main switch module Sm is electrically connected this second end of this main inductance L, the anode of this main diode Db is electrically connected this second end of this main inductance L and one first end that its cathodic electricity connects this output capacitance Cb, and one second end of this output capacitance Cb is electrically connected this second end of this input capacitance Ci.In addition, this transducer 1 utilization one soft handover method, (can be a pulse-width modulation integrated circuit PWMIC from one drive circuit, demonstration among the figure) imports the described control end of a drive signal (not shown) respectively to this main switch Sm and this auxiliary switch Sa, switch when driving this main switch Sm and this auxiliary switch Sa, thereby make this transducer 1 not have switch cost respectively at no-voltage and zero current.
This main switch Sm and this auxiliary switch Sa can be a mos field effect transistor (MOSFET), have combination three that the insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) of high contrary bias-voltage and a diode and an insulated gate bipolar transistor be electrically connected in series one of them.This resonant capacitor Cr can be the stray capacitance of main switch Sm, i.e. a built-in electric capacity, or can be one and add electric capacity.And this drive circuit comprises a drive integrated circult (driving IC) and a monostable circuit.
Running by these assemblies in above-mentioned first preferred embodiment can obtain plurality of advantages as the aforementioned; That is: the raising of the miniaturization of the reduction of transducer switch cost, transducer dead size, the reduction of transducer electromagnetic interference, converter efficiency and the relative reduction of transducer total cost etc.
(boost type) DC-DC converter 1 of first preferred embodiment shown in Figure 3 with soft handover, the main difference of the DC-DC converter of itself and the no isolation boosting formula of tradition shown in Figure 1 is that it has increased a single-way switch Sa more, a resonance inductance L r and a resonant capacitor Cr.
Before carrying out analysis introduction, make following hypothesis with regard to the operation principle with soft handover (boost type) DC-DC converter 1 of first preferred embodiment proposed by the invention (as shown in Figure 3):
1. each switch (Sm and Sa) and diode (Db and Dr) are perfect condition.
2. the inductance value of main inductance L is very big, and the visual current i L that flows through on it is certain value (a constant) in a switching cycle.
3. input voltage Vi<(1/2) output voltage V o is so the requirement that main switch Sm must switch when no-voltage can be guaranteed to reach.
Relevant above-mentioned the 3rd hypothesis, if at the next Vi=of perfect condition (1/2) Vo, and V
CrCan be released to zero, but can't reach this perfect condition, therefore only can accomplish Vi<(1/2) Vo because of there being other line resistance to cause.
With next framework at first preferred embodiment of the present invention shown in above-mentioned Fig. 3, with order it is divided into pattern 1 to pattern 6 according to the operating principle of each switch switching and (after pattern 6, get back to pattern 1 again, restart another circulation), and press the operating principle of each circuit operating mode of order explanation the present invention of Fig. 4 to Figure 10.
Fig. 4 is the pulse-width modulation IC output signal (PWMICoutput) of first preferred embodiment among the present invention and the auxiliary switch (Sa) and drive signal, the resonant capacitor voltage (Vcr) of main switch (SM) and the inductive current (i that resonates of (boost type) DC-DC converter
Lr) the waveform schematic diagram.Wherein, the drive signal of two switches such as SM and Sa can be by the more additional circuit of pulse-width modulation integrated circuit, obtain as drive integrated circult and monostable circuit.In Fig. 4, separate by the time that transverse axis indicated, it between T1-T2 pattern 1 (Mode 1), being pattern 2 (Mode 2) between T2-T3, is mode 3 (Mode 3) between T3-T4, is pattern 4 (Mode 4) between T4-T5, it between T5-T6 pattern 5 (Mode5), be pattern 6 (Mode 6) between T6 (being T0) and T1, be returned to pattern 1 (Mode 1) again between T1-T2, promptly 1 of self mode begins a new circulation again.
Please referring to Fig. 5, it is the equivalent circuit diagram of the operating principle of pattern 1 (Mode 1).When this pattern 1 starts from auxiliary switch Sa conducting (turn on), because the relation of auxiliary switch Sa serial connection resonance inductor Lr, so auxiliary switch Sa is able to be in the state of zero current in conducting.During this pattern 1, the current i on the resonance inductor of flowing through
Lr, rising linearly, its equation can be described below:
In the aforesaid equation, Vo is an output voltage values, and Vi is an input voltage value, and Lr is the resonance inductor value, and t is a time value.
Please referring to Fig. 6, it is the equivalent circuit diagram of the operating principle of pattern 2 (Mode 2).This pattern starts from works as i
Lr=i
LThe time, this moment, main diode Db turn-offed (smoothly turn off) reposefully in zero current condition.When main diode Db turn-offs reposefully, the magnitude of voltage V of resonant capacitor Cr
Cr(initial value V
0) beginning to produce resonance by resonance inductor Lr, the energy resonance that this pattern 2 terminates in resonant capacitor Cr is to zero the time.
Please referring to Fig. 7, it is the equivalent circuit diagram of the operating principle of mode 3 (Mode 3).When this mode 3 starts from body diode (bodydiode) conducting of this main switch Sm (i.e. this mos field effect transistor), be stored in the energy of resonance inductor Lr will be linearly the loopback electric current to input.Conducting during this mode 3 (turn on) main switch Sm (this mos field effect transistor) can obtain to make this main switch Sm conducting and do not have the advantage of switch cost under zero-voltage state.In this mode 3, the electric current on the resonance inductor Lr that flows through can be expressed by following equation:
Wherein, Vi is an input voltage value, and Lr is the resonance inductor value, and t is a time value.
Please referring to Fig. 8, it is the equivalent circuit diagram of the operating principle of pattern 4 (Mode 4).When the energy that this pattern 4 starts from resonance inductor Lr was released into zero, during this pattern 4, main inductance L was in charged state, pulse-width modulation voltage-boosting converter (PWM boost converter) all identical being located in charged state of this stage and conventional hard handover.
When the electric current of the resonance inductor Lri that flows through was released into 0, it was naturally by diode D
rGive and pin (blocking), because of diode D
rBe in against inclined to one side, and this pattern is convenient to finish this moment.
Please referring to Fig. 9, it is the equivalent circuit diagram of the operating principle of pattern 5 (Mode 5).When this pattern 5 starts from main switch Sm shutoff (turn off), the current i on main inductance L that flows through during this
LrCan do linear-charging to resonant capacitor Cr, this moment, resonant capacitor Cr went up voltage Vc
rEquation as follows:
Wherein, iL is the electric current on the main inductance L of flowing through, and Cr is the resonant capacitor value, and t is a time value.
Please referring to Figure 10, it is the equivalent circuit diagram of the operating principle of pattern 6 (Mode 6).In the pattern of this pattern 6, the current i L of main inductance L flows to output capacitance Cb, thereby the energy guiding of main inductance L and input is put to output capacitance Cb and load R
LThis stage model 6 all is in discharge mode with traditional pulse-width modulation voltage-boosting converter (PWM boost converter), symbolic animal of the birth year with operating principle.
After pattern 6,, so rise after the self mode 6 and begin a new circulation again because of it is same as pattern 1.
The disclosed DC-DC converter with soft handover except being applied to boost type DC/direct current transducer, also can be applicable to the buck DC-DC converter.Please referring to Figure 11, it is applied to the circuit framework figure of second preferred embodiment of buck DC-DC converter for the present invention.This has soft handover (buck) DC-DC converter 1 and also includes aforementioned basic module with DC-DC converter of soft handover, but its each assembly: and (boost type) DC-DC converter 1 that has soft handover as first preferred embodiment among the connected mode of main switch module 11 and auxiliary switch module 12 grades with soft handover and Fig. 3 is different.In Figure 11, this drain electrode end of this main switch Sm (MOSFET) is electrically connected one first end of this input capacitance Ci, this second end that this first end of this main inductance L is electrically connected this source terminal of this main switch Sm and this main inductance L is electrically connected one first end of this output capacitance Cb, and the cathodic electricity of this main diode Db connects this first end of this main inductance L and one second end that its anode is electrically connected this input capacitance Ci and one second end of this output capacitance Cb.Because the circuit structure of this second preferred embodiment is a buck DC-DC converter, therefore the 3rd hypothesis of aforementioned relevant the present invention's first preferred embodiment operating principle analysis must change to (1/2) Vi<Vo.
In addition, the disclosed DC-DC converter with soft handover also can be applicable to step-down and boost type DC/direct current transducer.Please referring to Figure 12, it is applied to the circuit framework figure of the 3rd preferred embodiment of step-down and boost type DC/direct current transducer for the present invention.This has soft handover (step-down and boost type) DC-DC converter 1 and also includes aforementioned basic module with DC-DC converter of soft handover, but its each assembly: and this boost type as first and second preferred embodiment among the connected mode of main switch module 11 and auxiliary switch module 12 grades with soft handover and Fig. 3 and Figure 11 is different with this buck DC-DC converter.Please referring to Figure 12, wherein this drain electrode end of this main switch Sm (MOSFET) is electrically connected one first end of this input capacitance Ci, this second end that this first end of this main inductance L is electrically connected this source terminal of this main switch Sm and this main inductance L is electrically connected one second end of this input capacitance Ci, and one first end that the anode that the cathodic electricity of this main diode Db connects this first end of this main inductance L and this main diode Db is electrically connected one second end of this output capacitance Cb and this output capacitance Cb is electrically connected this second end of this input capacitance Ci.Because the circuit structure among Figure 12 is a step-down and boost type DC/direct current transducer, therefore the 3rd hypothesis of aforementioned relevant the present invention's first preferred embodiment operating principle analysis also must change to Vi<Vo.
By above-mentioned explanation as can be known, characteristics with DC-DC converter of soft handover of the present invention are imported a drive signal for it from one drive circuit and are done soft handover to control this main switch and this auxiliary switch, and be at this main switch and opened and closed when no-voltage and this auxiliary switch are in the state of zero current, and can adopt less magnet assembly because of reducing switch cost.Therefore, the invention provides a kind of soft handover DC-DC converter, and can obtain to reduce the advantages such as relative total cost of the switch cost of transducer, the dead size of reduction transducer, the electromagnetic interference that reduces transducer, the efficient that improves transducer and reduction transducer with less relatively assembly.。
Therefore, can obtain various modifications and remodeling by those skilled in the art, yet these are modified with remodeling and all should be contained within the claim that the present invention applies for by the detailed description of the above embodiment of the present invention.