CN1710379A - Atmosphere correction method of airosol optical thickness of aeronautical high-spectrum remote-sensing inversion boundary layer - Google Patents
Atmosphere correction method of airosol optical thickness of aeronautical high-spectrum remote-sensing inversion boundary layer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for inverting optical thickness of boundary layer aerosol includes picking up boundary layer aerosol optical thickness data from atmosphere transmission spectrum by utilizing transmission and radiation principle of atmosphere, obtaining expression reflectivity by carrying out reinterpolation for atmosphere and aerosol modes in boundary layer, thus realizing inversion of calculation for boundary layer aerosol optical thickness . The atmospheric calibration can be carried out based on result calculated out by above method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of atmospheric correction method of aviation high-spectrum remote-sensing inversion boundary layer aerosol optical depth, the high spectrum image that the aviation high-spectrum remote-sensing device that this method is applied to develop Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences airborne remote sensing research department obtains, by atmospheric correction method based on radiation delivery mechanism, realize the inverting of urban atmosphere boundary-layer aerosol optical depth, belong to atmospheric environment remote sensing application field.
Background technology
Atmospheric aerosol is meant the radius that suspends in the atmosphere less than tens microns solid-state or liquid particulate, and gasoloid is being played the part of important role in earth atmosphere radiation budget balance and global climate, be the important research object in the atmospheric physics.On the one hand, gasoloid by scattering and absorb solar radiation and terrestrial radiation directly influence land-the radiation budget balance of gas system; On the other hand, gasoloid also participates in a plurality of physical processes of atmosphere, manages mechanism and ozone equilibrium etc. as the speck that cloud and mist forms; With the signal that absorbs and scattering method is disturbing remote sensor to receive.Therefore, accurately the Measurement and analysis gasoloid for understanding climate change, is removed the atmospheric effect in the remotely-sensed data, and it is all significant to improve remote sensing quantitative Application level.
Aerosol optical depth is one of most important parameter of gasoloid, is the important physical amount that characterizes atmospheric turbidity, also is to determine a key factor of gasoloid climatic effect and an important parameter of Atmospheric models.Survey aerosol optical depth and can adopt the ground based detection method, as actinometer, corpuscular counter, radiation summary table etc.Though the ground based detection method can accurately provide local gasoloid information, can not obtain interior gasoloid spatial and temporal distributions on a large scale.The remote-sensing inversion aerosol optical depth can overcome the inadequate natural endowment of ground based detection method, provides possibility for the gasoloid in round-the-clock, the real-time understanding of people on a large scale changes.
In recent years, the remote-sensing inversion aerosol optical depth has become the means that obtain atmospheric aerosol information quickly and efficiently, has especially obtained the excellent research achievement aspect satellite remote sensing, and the inversion algorithm of comparative maturity has been arranged
[5-15], but mainly be to adopt dark pixel method (or dark goal method) to set up look-up table by 6S to realize aerocolloidal inverting, and these algorithms are mostly at satellite data.Dark pixel method utilizes most of lands face in red (0.6 ~ 0.68 μ m) and blue (0.40 ~ 0.48 μ m) characteristic that the wave band reflectivity is low, with vegetation index (NDVI) or near infrared passage (2.1 μ m) reflectivity forest being declared knowledge is dark pixel, is used for the inverting aerosol optical depth
[6]Chaetomers Thailand
[13]When test utilizes dark pixel method inverting Beijing, Hong Kong municipal pollution aerosol optical depth, think, determine that with fixed proportion coefficient relational expression the dark pixel of vegetation is red, the method for blue channel earth surface reflection rate exists than mistake by near infrared passage apparent reflectance in the Beijing area.This shows and utilizes dark pixel method inverting Beijing area aerosol optical depth to have certain difficulty.Control methods is to study the satellite remote sensing method that the land pollution gasoloid adopts in early days
[16]
Say that in principle U.S. NASA can provide the aerosol optical depth in most of area, the whole world with the MODIS image, but its spatial resolution is 10km only, and satellite altitude is at more than 700 kilometers, what obtain is aerosol optical depth in the whole troposphere, and gasoloid mainly concentrates on from ground to the urban boundary layer in such vertical range, therefore becomes the problem that we pay close attention to from airborne high spectrum image inverting urban boundary layer aerosol optical depth.
Practical modularization imaging spectrometer (OMIS-I) is developed by Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences airborne remote sensing research department, have 128 continuous spectrum passages from visible, near infrared to thermal infrared (wavelength coverage is at 0.46-12.5 μ m), spectral resolution reaches the 10nm rank, and the detailed technology index sees Table-1.The OMIS average flight altitude is 2km, and ground instantaneous field of view is 3mrad, and total visual field is spent greater than 70, the about 6m*6m of the ground resolution of center pixel, and the spatial resolution of image border point is low.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned weak point, fundamental purpose of the present invention aims to provide a kind of practical modularization imaging spectrometer (OMIS-I) at the development of Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences airborne remote sensing research department, in conjunction with the atmosphere radiation transmission principle, from atmospheric transmission spectrum, extract the atmospheric correction method of the aviation high-spectrum remote-sensing inversion boundary layer aerosol optical depth of boundary layer aerosol optical depth information.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: the radiation calibration problem that solve high-spectrum remote sensing; Solve and how on the practical modularization imaging spectrometer of aviation high-spectrum remote-sensing device 0MIS image, to choose dark target, how to obtain showing reflectivity, problems such as inversion boundary layer aerosol optical depth calculating; Solve and how from atmospheric transmission spectrum, to extract boundary layer aerosol optical depth information, carry out relevant technologies problems such as atmospheric correction.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the atmospheric correction method of aviation high-spectrum remote-sensing inversion boundary layer aerosol optical depth is by the atmosphere radiation transmission principle, from atmospheric transmission spectrum, extract boundary layer aerosol optical depth information, by being carried out once more interpolation in the boundary layer, atmospherical model, gasoloid pattern obtain showing reflectivity, realize the calculating of inversion boundary layer aerosol optical depth, its concrete calculation procedure is:
Step 1: the radiation calibration of high-spectrum remote sensing
A), read high-spectrum remote sensing
Read airborne aviation high-spectrum remote sensing by standard format;
B), convert radiation value to
The output signal of high-spectrum remote sensing module is sent to the input end of radiation value module, slope and two coefficients of intercept according to each wave band correspondence in the radiation calibration file, according to formula radiation value=DN value * slope+intercept, convert the digital number DN value of high-spectrum remote sensing to radiation value;
Step 2, calculating apparent reflectance are chosen dark target
A), calculate
Radiation value with step 1 output is calculated as the apparent reflectance that obtains on the sensor by following formula:
R＝π*L/(μ*f)
In the formula: R is an apparent reflectance;
L is a radiation value;
μ is the cosine of solar zenith angle;
F is an aeropause solar radiation flux density;
B), choose dark target
The output signal of radiation value module is sent to dark target apparent reflectance module, chooses the apparent reflectance on the near infrared 2.1um passage, and the pixel in 0.036～0.044 scope is dark target;
Step 3, atmospheric correction
The output signal of dark target apparent reflectance module is sent to the atmospheric correction module, and the dark target apparent reflectance that obtains according to step 2 carries out atmospheric correction; Its concrete job step is as follows:
A), definition geometric parameter
The input aircraft is with respect to elevation angle, the zenith angle of pixel in the geometric parameter module, and sun altitude, zenith angle and observation date, the output signal of its geometric parameter module is sent to the atmospheric correction module;
B), definition atmospherical model
The atmospherical model that defining mode adopted in the atmospherical model module, the output signal of its atmospherical model module is sent to the atmospheric correction module;
C), definition aerosol type pattern
Delustring and meteorological range type in aerosol type in the used boundary layer gasoloid pattern of defining mode, if defined visibility simultaneously, then replace the meteorological range of default value definition in the aerosol type, the output signal of aerosol type module is sent to the atmospheric correction module;
D), definition aerosol concentration pattern
The used aerosol concentration pattern of defining mode in aerosol concentration, aerosol optical depth or the horizontal visibility of input 550nm, the output signal of aerosol concentration module is sent to the atmospheric correction module;
E), input atural object elevation
The output signal of input atural object elevation module is sent to the atmospheric correction module;
F), input aircraft flight height
The output signal of input aircraft flight altitude module is sent to the atmospheric correction module;
Step 4, atmospheric correction parameter extraction
A), signal transmits
The output signal of atmospheric correction module is sent to aerosol scattering phase function module and gasoloid single scattering reflectivity module respectively;
B), carry out atmospheric correction
According to each input parameter in the step 3, the dark target on the aviation high-spectrum remote sensing of selecting is carried out atmospheric correction;
C), correction parameter
From the output result, extract correction parameter aerosol scattering phase function and gasoloid single scattering reflectivity;
Step 5, computation bound layer aerosol optical depth
A), signal transmits
The output signal of aerosol scattering phase function module and gasoloid single scattering reflectivity module is sent to the aerosol optical depth module;
B), calculate
Apparent reflectance by following formula computation bound atmosphere:
C), computation bound layer aerosol optical depth
Aerosol scattering phase function and gasoloid single scattering reflectivity by step 4 draws calculate the boundary layer aerosol optical depth;
Step 6, judgement
A), signal transmits
The output signal of aerosol optical depth module is sent to comparison module;
B), calculate the ground sight distance
With synchronous ground sight distance data according to formula
V＝3.91·H·1/τ
In the formula: V is the ground sight distance;
H is the gasoloid absolute altitude of Various Seasonal;
τ is an aerosol optical depth;
C), relatively
The aerosol optical depth that the aerosol optical depth value that calculates and step 5 are obtained compares;
When both difference＜0.1, the output signal of comparison module is sent to output module, be output as aerosol optical depth;
Otherwise feed back to the atmospheric correction module, get back to step 3 and carry out atmospheric correction again, re-enter the needed parameters of atmospheric correction, circulation repeats.
The atmospherical model of the atmospheric correction method of described aviation high-spectrum remote-sensing inversion boundary layer aerosol optical depth comprises: tropical atmosphere, middle latitude summer, middle latitude winter, subpolar zone summer, subpolar zone winter and 1976 United States standard atmospheres etc.
The aerosol type of the atmospheric correction method of described aviation high-spectrum remote-sensing inversion boundary layer aerosol optical depth comprises: or be no gasoloid; Or be rural extinction coefficient, default meteorological range=23km; Or be the city extinction coefficient, default meteorological range=5km; Or be the troposphere extinction coefficient, default meteorological range=50km.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: do not have so far at airborne high light spectrum image-forming data, especially OMIS imaging spectrometer, carry out the method for the detailed complete of aerosol optical depth inverting, the method with the detailed complete of carrying out the aerosol optical depth inverting of the present invention; And,, from atmospheric transmission spectrum, extract aerosol optical depth information and carry out atmospheric correction in conjunction with boundary layer atmosphere radiation transmission principle at the OMIS imaging spectrometer.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Accompanying drawing 1 is an inversion boundary layer aerosol optical depth calculation process synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 2 is position views shown in the dark surface in the embodiment of the invention;
Accompanying drawing 3 be in the embodiment of the invention dark surface respectively at 13 and 14 s' apparent reflectance curve synoptic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 4 is that the atmospheric transmittance that calculates of the embodiment of the invention is with the wavelength change curve synoptic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 5 is aerosol optical depth synoptic diagram that embodiment of the invention atmospheric correction method according to the present invention is finally inversed by from airborne OMIS high-spectrum remote sensing;
Accompanying drawing 6 atmospheric transmittance that to be embodiment of the invention calculate based on LOWTRAN and comparison synoptic diagram based on the atmospheric transmittance of OMIS;
Label declaration in the accompanying drawing:
The 10-high-spectrum remote sensing;
The 20-radiation value;
The dark target apparent reflectance of 30-;
The 40-atmospheric correction;
The 41-geometric parameter;
The 42-atmospherical model;
The 43-aerosol type;
The 44-aerosol concentration;
45-atural object elevation;
46-aircraft flight height;
51-aerosol scattering phase function;
52-gasoloid single scattering reflectivity;
The 60-aerosol optical depth;
70-relatively;
80-output;
Embodiment
See also shown in the accompanying drawing 1, the present invention is a kind of atmospheric correction method of aviation high-spectrum remote-sensing inversion boundary layer aerosol optical depth, this method is by the atmosphere radiation transmission principle, from atmospheric transmission spectrum, extract boundary layer aerosol optical depth information, by being carried out once more interpolation in the boundary layer, atmospherical model, gasoloid pattern obtain showing reflectivity, realize the calculating of inversion boundary layer aerosol optical depth, its concrete calculation procedure is:
Step 1: the radiation calibration of high-spectrum remote sensing
A), read high-spectrum remote sensing (10)
Read airborne aviation high-spectrum remote sensing (10) by standard format;
B), convert radiation value (20) to
The output signal of high-spectrum remote sensing (10) module is sent to the input end of radiation value (20) module, slope and two coefficients of intercept according to each wave band correspondence in the radiation calibration file, according to formula radiation value=DN value * slope+intercept, convert the digital number DN value of high-spectrum remote sensing (10) to radiation value (20);
Step 2, calculating apparent reflectance are chosen dark target
A), calculate
Radiation value (20) with step 1 output is calculated as the apparent reflectance that obtains on the sensor by following formula:
R＝π*L/(μ*f)
In the formula: R is an apparent reflectance;
L is a radiation value;
μ is the cosine of solar zenith angle;
F is an aeropause solar radiation flux density;
B), choose dark target
The output signal of radiation value (20) module is sent to dark target apparent reflectance (30) module, chooses the apparent reflectance on the near infrared 2.1um passage, and the pixel in 0.036～0.044 scope is dark target;
Step 3, atmospheric correction (40)
The output signal of dark target apparent reflectance (30) module is sent to atmospheric correction (40) module, and the dark target apparent reflectance (30) that obtains according to step 2 carries out atmospheric correction (40); Its concrete job step is as follows:
A), definition geometric parameter (41)
The input aircraft is with respect to elevation angle, the zenith angle of pixel in geometric parameter (41) module, and sun altitude, zenith angle and observation date, the output signal of its geometric parameter (41) module is sent to atmospheric correction (40) module;
B), definition atmospherical model (42)
The atmospherical model that defining mode adopted in atmospherical model (42) module, the output signal of its atmospherical model (42) module is sent to atmospheric correction (40) module;
C), definition aerosol type (43) pattern
Delustring and meteorological range type in aerosol type (43) in the used boundary layer gasoloid pattern of defining mode, if defined visibility simultaneously, then replace the meteorological range of default value definition in the aerosol type, the output signal of aerosol type (43) module is sent to atmospheric correction (40) module;
D), definition aerosol concentration (44) pattern
The used aerosol concentration pattern of defining mode in aerosol concentration (44), aerosol optical depth or the horizontal visibility of input 550nm, the output signal of aerosol concentration (44) module is sent to atmospheric correction (40) module;
E), input atural object elevation (45)
The output signal that to import atural object elevation (45) module is sent to atmospheric correction (40) module;
F), input aircraft flight height (46)
The output signal that to import aircraft flight height (46) module is sent to atmospheric correction (40) module;
Step 4, atmospheric correction parameter extraction
A), signal transmits
The output signal of atmospheric correction (40) module is sent to aerosol scattering phase function (51) module and gasoloid single scattering reflectivity (52) module respectively;
B), carry out atmospheric correction
According to each input parameter in the step 3, the dark target on the aviation high-spectrum remote sensing of selecting is carried out atmospheric correction;
C), correction parameter
From the output result, extract correction parameter aerosol scattering phase function (51) and gasoloid single scattering reflectivity (52);
Step 5, computation bound layer aerosol optical depth (60)
A), signal transmits
The output signal of aerosol scattering phase function (51) module and gasoloid single scattering reflectivity (52) module is sent to aerosol optical depth (60) module;
B), calculate
Apparent reflectance by following formula computation bound atmosphere:
C), computation bound layer aerosol optical depth (60)
Aerosol scattering phase function (51) and gasoloid single scattering reflectivity (52) by step 4 draws calculate boundary layer aerosol optical depth (60);
Step 6, judgement
A), signal transmits
The output signal of aerosol optical depth (60) module is sent to comparison (70) module;
B), calculate the ground sight distance
With synchronous ground sight distance data according to formula
V＝3.91·H·1/τ
In the formula: V is the ground sight distance;
H is the gasoloid absolute altitude of Various Seasonal;
τ is an aerosol optical depth;
C), relatively
The aerosol optical depth (60) that the aerosol optical depth value that calculates and step 5 are obtained compares (70);
When both difference＜0.1, the output signal that will compare (70) module is sent to output (80) module, is output as aerosol optical depth (60);
Otherwise feed back to atmospheric correction (40) module, get back to step 3 and carry out atmospheric correction again, re-enter the needed parameters of atmospheric correction, circulation repeats.
The atmospherical model (42) of the atmospheric correction method of described aviation high-spectrum remote-sensing inversion boundary layer aerosol optical depth comprises: tropical atmosphere, middle latitude summer, middle latitude winter, subpolar zone summer, subpolar zone winter and 1976 United States standard atmospheres etc.
The aerosol type (43) of the atmospheric correction method of described aviation high-spectrum remote-sensing inversion boundary layer aerosol optical depth comprises: or be no gasoloid; Or be rural extinction coefficient, default meteorological range=23km; Or be the city extinction coefficient, default meteorological range=5km; Or be the troposphere extinction coefficient, default meteorological range=50km.
Principle of work of the present invention is: the airborne high-spectrum remote-sensing platform of practical modularization imaging spectrometer OMIS is an aircraft, its flying height is roughly on the 2km height, basically belong to the boundary layer scope, therefore, can be according to airborne high-spectrum remote sensing data, by the atmosphere radiation transporting mechanism, the inversion boundary layer aerosol optical depth.
At the apparent reflectance of boundary layer atmosphere, can be written as
Because aircraft is in the boundary layer, therefore, shortened the path of clutter reflections radiation through atmosphere arrival sensor, so up radiation path need be made amendment to remove the atmospheric action factor more than the aircraft altitude in the up radiative process, this can obtain by atmospherical model, gasoloid pattern are carried out once more interpolation in the boundary layer.
Because the boundary layer intensive amount is very little, therefore can not consider; But the moisture content conversion is obvious in the boundary layer, and is responsive if the observation passage changes steam, then must consider the influence of steam real-time change to apparent reflectance, and need carry out the simultaneous observation of boundary layer steam content this moment aboard.
The concrete job step of the embodiment of the invention:
Use said method and choose dark target from the aviation high-spectrum remote-sensing device OMIS image of Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences airborne remote sensing research department development, inversion boundary layer aerosol optical depth calculation process as shown in Figure 1:
Step 1: the radiation calibration of high-spectrum remote sensing
The airborne aviation high-spectrum remote sensing (10) of the standard format that provides by Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences is provided, slope and two coefficients of intercept according to each wave band correspondence in the radiation calibration file, according to formula radiation value=DN value * slope+intercept, convert digital number DN value to radiation value (20);
Step 2, calculating apparent reflectance are chosen dark target
With step 1 output radiation value (20), according to formula
R＝π*L/(μ*f)
Wherein, R is an apparent reflectance; L is a radiation value; μ is the cosine of solar zenith angle; F is an aeropause solar radiation flux density; Be calculated to be the apparent reflectance that obtains on the sensor, the pixel of apparent reflectance in 0.036～0.044 scope of choosing then on the near infrared 2.1um passage is dark target.
Step 3, atmospheric correction
The apparent reflectance of the dark target that obtains according to step 2 carries out atmospheric correction.Step is as follows:
Step 3-1, definition geometric parameter
In geometric parameter (41) module, import elevation angle, the zenith angle of aircraft, sun altitude, zenith angle and observation date (MMDD) with respect to pixel;
Step 3-2, definition atmospherical model
The atmospherical model that defining mode adopted in atmospherical model (42) module comprises 6 kinds of atmospherical models such as tropical atmosphere, middle latitude summer, middle latitude winter, subpolar zone summer, subpolar zone winter, 1976 United States standard atmospheres;
Step 3-3, definition aerosol type pattern
Delustring and meteorological range type in the used boundary layer gasoloid of defining mode in aerosol type pattern (43) module (0～2km the is highly interval) pattern if defined visibility simultaneously, then replace the meteorological range of default value definition in the aerosol type.Aerosol type mainly comprises following several selection: (1) no gasoloid; (2) rural extinction coefficient, default meteorological range=23km; (3) city extinction coefficient, default meteorological range=5km; (4) troposphere extinction coefficient, default meteorological range=50km.
Step 3-4, definition aerosol concentration pattern
The used aerosol concentration pattern of defining mode in aerosol concentration (44), aerosol optical depth or the horizontal visibility (km) of input 550nm;
Step 3-5, input atural object elevation (km)
Step 3-6, input aircraft flight height (km)
Step 4, atmospheric correction parameter extraction
According to each input parameter in the step 3, the dark target on the aviation high-spectrum remote sensing of selecting is carried out atmospheric correction, from the output result, extract correction parameter aerosol scattering phase function (51) and gasoloid single scattering reflectivity (52);
Step 5, computation bound layer aerosol optical depth
According to formula 1., aerosol scattering phase function (51) and gasoloid single scattering reflectivity (052) by step 4 draws calculate boundary layer aerosol optical depth (60);
Step 6,
With synchronous ground sight distance data according to formula
V＝3.91·H·1/τ
Note: V is ground sight distance (m); H is the gasoloid absolute altitude (Shanghai winter get 776.4m) of Various Seasonal; τ is an aerosol optical depth.The aerosol optical depth (06) that aerosol optical depth value that calculates and step 5 obtain compares (07), when both difference＜0.1, just carries out 7, output (06) aerosol optical depth; Otherwise carry out 8, get back to step 3 and carry out atmospheric correction again, re-enter the needed parameters of atmospheric correction.
The specific embodiment of atmospheric correction of the present invention is as follows:
See also shown in the accompanying drawing 2,3,4,5,6, Shanghai practical modularization imaging spectrometer OMIS high spectrum image on October 7th, 2002 is chosen dark target, according to techniqueflow chart of the present invention, the inverting aerosol optical depth, at first the DN value of practical modularization imaging spectrometer OMIS high spectrum image is converted to radiation value through step 1, therefrom select dark surface (corresponding to polluted-water on Huangpu River) according to the size of radiation value, Fig. 2 is a sketch shown in the dark surface among the embodiment; Fig. 3 be dark surface respectively at 13 and 14 s' apparent reflectance curve, the x axle is wavelength (nanometer), the y axle is an apparent reflectance; Then, from ground Object Spectra DataBase, select corresponding object spectrum reflectivity, progressively import each parameter (3-1: solar zenith angle 41.8-44.8 degree, position angle 212 degree-219.6 degree according to step 3; 3-2: middle latitude atmospherical model in winter; 3-3: aerosols from major cities pattern; 3-4: visibility is 8km; 3-5: atural object elevation 0.004km; 3-6: aircraft flight height 2km), calculate atmospheric transmittance, Fig. 4 is that the atmospheric transmittance that calculates is with the wavelength change curve, dotted line is 13 an atmospheric transmittance curve, solid line is 14 an atmospheric transmittance curve, and the x axle is wavelength (nanometer), and the y axle is an atmospheric transmittance; Then inquire into according to formula 3 according to step 6 again and aerosol optical depth, Fig. 5 is exactly the aerosol optical depth that atmospheric correction method according to the present invention is finally inversed by from airborne practical modularization imaging spectrometer OMIS high-spectrum remote sensing, black line is represented 13 aerosol optical depth value, red line is represented 14 aerosol optical depth, the x axle is wavelength (nanometer), and the y axle is the aerosol optical depth value.
Table-1: practical modularization imaging spectrometer 0MIS spectrometer important technological parameters Table-1 Main parameters of the OMIS instrument
| Type | Spectral range (μ m) | Sample interval/port number | The wave band number | Total visual field | Instantaneous field of view | Row pixel number | Sweep speed (line/second) | Digital coding |
| ??OMIS-I | ??0.46~1. ??1 ??1.06~1. ??7 ??2.0~2.5 ??3~5 ??8~12.5 | ??10nm/64 ? ??40nm/16 ? ??15nm/32 ??250nm/8 ??500nm/8 | ??64 ? ??16 ? ??32 ??8 ??8 | ??＞70° ? ? ? | ??3mrad | ??512 | ??5 ??10 ??15 ??20 | ??12b ??it |
| GPS bearing accuracy gyrostabilized platform speed height ratio system signal | 20 meters lasting accuracies are better than ± 4 '≤0.216 radian per second (speed unit: km/hour, height unit: rice≤300 | |||||||
(continued on next page)
Find that according to data-searching the method for carrying out the detailed complete of aerosol optical depth inverting at airborne high light spectrum image-forming data (especially OMIS imaging spectrometer) is not arranged so far.For this reason, we in conjunction with boundary layer atmosphere radiation transmission principle, extract aerosol optical depth information at practical modularization imaging spectrometer OMIS imaging spectrometer from atmospheric transmission spectrum.
Table-2: practical modularization imaging spectrometer OMIS inverting aerosol optical depth:
According to Shanghai Environment Monitoring Center's air quality historical summary query display: Shanghai City, 2002-10-713 point left and right sides air quality situation is totally better, sulphuric dioxide (SO
2) concentration is 0.051mg/m
3, nitrogen dioxide (NO
2) concentration is 0.044mg/m
3, oxides of nitrogen (NOx) concentration is 0.051mg/m
3, pellet (PM
10) concentration is 0.124mg/m
3, air pollution index (API) is in good level, and air quality is equivalent to that " ambient air quality (GB3095-1996) II level level, major pollutants are pellet PM
10, a little less than the pollution.The aerosol optical depth that inverting obtains numerically is an acceptable.
Practical modularization imaging spectrometer OMIS high spectrum image data on October 7th, 2002, in conjunction with the atmosphere radiation transmission equation, by computation bound atmosphere transmitance, from the atmospheric transmission spectrum of properties, inquire into aerosol optical depth, provided preliminary inversion result, in the aerosol optical depth value at 502nm-590nm wave band place between 0.175-0.314.Atmospheric transmittance under the rural gasoloid pattern (23km) that inversion result and the aerosol optical depth result (table-3) who calculates according to meteorological optical range and Fig. 6 are calculated by the LOWTRAN radiation delivery, aerosols from major cities (5km), the aerosols from major cities (8km) compares, and consistance is preferably arranged.
The aerosol optical depth that table 3 calculates according to the visibility data
Table?3?Calculated?AOD?from?visibility
| Constantly | Pudong's instantaneous sight distance (m) of standing | Pudong's ten minutes average sight distances (m) in station | The instantaneous sight distance in station, Xuhui (m) | The ten minutes average sight distances (m) in station, Xuhui | The instantaneous sight distance in station, park, Huangpu (m) | The ten minutes average sight distances (m) in station, park, Huangpu | Fuel corporation's instantaneous sight distance (m) of standing | Fuel corporation's ten minutes average sight distances (m) in station | Aod mean value (550 nm) |
| ??13 ??:00 | ??1105 ??0 | ??9897 | ??8536 | ??9573 | ??14917 | ??15242 | ??10809 | ??10368 | ??0.27 ??9 |
| ??13 ??:10 | ??9648 | ??9397 | ??1028 ??3 | ??9273 | ??12899 | ??15504 | ??12267 | ??11102 | ??0.27 ??8 |
| ??13 ??:20 | ??9253 | ??9678 | ??8217 | ??8865 | ??14058 | ??16321 | ??7145 | ??10122 | ??0.31 ??0 |
| ??13 ??:30 | ??1232 ??0 | ??9585 | ??9610 | ??8751 | ??14471 | ??13295 | ??10306 | ??9892 | ??0.28 ??3 |
| ??13 ??:40 | ??9735 | ??9442 | ??8313 | ??8376 | ??13846 | ??15522 | ??9743 | ??9909 | ??0.29 ??9 |
| ??13 ??:50 | ??8556 | ??9775 | ??8663 | ??8485 | ??11368 | ??13140 | ??9096 | ??10231 | ??0.31 ??3 |
| ??14 ??:00 | ??8693 | ??8684 | ??7390 | ??7752 | ??11925 | ??12961 | ??9931 | ??9850 | ??0.32 ??5 |
| ??0.29 ??8 |
Claims (3)
1, a kind of atmospheric correction method of aviation high-spectrum remote-sensing inversion boundary layer aerosol optical depth, it is characterized in that: this method is by the atmosphere radiation transmission principle, from atmospheric transmission spectrum, extract boundary layer aerosol optical depth information, by being carried out once more interpolation in the boundary layer, atmospherical model, gasoloid pattern obtain showing reflectivity, realize the calculating of inversion boundary layer aerosol optical depth, its concrete calculation procedure is:
Step 1: the radiation calibration of high-spectrum remote sensing
A), read high-spectrum remote sensing (10)
Read airborne aviation high-spectrum remote sensing (10) by standard format;
B), convert radiation value (20) to
The output signal of high-spectrum remote sensing (10) module is sent to the input end of radiation value (20) module, slope and two coefficients of intercept according to each wave band correspondence in the radiation calibration file, according to formula radiation value=DN value * slope+intercept, convert the digital number DN value of high-spectrum remote sensing (10) to radiation value (20);
Step 2, calculating apparent reflectance are chosen dark target
A), calculate
Radiation value (20) with step 1 output is calculated as the apparent reflectance that obtains on the sensor by following formula:
R＝π*L/(μ*f)
In the formula: R is an apparent reflectance;
L is a radiation value;
μ is the cosine of solar zenith angle;
F is an aeropause solar radiation flux density;
B), choose dark target
The output signal of radiation value (20) module is sent to dark target apparent reflectance (30) module, chooses the apparent reflectance on the near infrared 2.1um passage, and the pixel in 0.036～0.044 scope is dark target;
Step 3, atmospheric correction (40)
The output signal of dark target apparent reflectance (30) module is sent to atmospheric correction (40) module, and the dark target apparent reflectance (30) that obtains according to step 2 carries out atmospheric correction (40); Its concrete job step is as follows:
A), definition geometric parameter (41)
The input aircraft is with respect to elevation angle, the zenith angle of pixel in geometric parameter (41) module, and sun altitude, zenith angle and observation date, the output signal of its geometric parameter (41) module is sent to atmospheric correction (40) module;
B), definition atmospherical model (42)
The atmospherical model that defining mode adopted in atmospherical model (42) module, the output signal of its atmospherical model (42) module is sent to atmospheric correction (40) module;
C), definition aerosol type (43) pattern
Delustring and meteorological range type in aerosol type (43) in the used boundary layer gasoloid pattern of defining mode, if defined visibility simultaneously, then replace the meteorological range of default value definition in the aerosol type, the output signal of aerosol type (43) module is sent to atmospheric correction (40) module;
D), definition aerosol concentration (44) pattern
The used aerosol concentration pattern of defining mode in aerosol concentration (44), aerosol optical depth or the horizontal visibility of input 550nm, the output signal of aerosol concentration (44) module is sent to atmospheric correction (40) module;
E), input atural object elevation (45)
The output signal that to import atural object elevation (45) module is sent to atmospheric correction (40) module;
F), input aircraft flight height (46)
The output signal that to import aircraft flight height (46) module is sent to atmospheric correction (40) module;
Step 4, atmospheric correction parameter extraction
A), signal transmits
The output signal of atmospheric correction (40) module is sent to aerosol scattering phase function (51) module and gasoloid single scattering reflectivity (52) module respectively;
B), carry out atmospheric correction
According to each input parameter in the step 3, the dark target on the aviation high-spectrum remote sensing of selecting is carried out atmospheric correction;
C), correction parameter
From the output result, extract correction parameter aerosol scattering phase function (51) and gasoloid single scattering reflectivity (52);
Step 5, computation bound layer aerosol optical depth (60)
A), signal transmits
The output signal of aerosol scattering phase function (51) module and gasoloid single scattering reflectivity (52) module is sent to aerosol optical depth (60) module;
B), calculate
Apparent reflectance by following formula computation bound atmosphere:
C), computation bound layer aerosol optical depth (60)
Aerosol scattering phase function (51) and gasoloid single scattering reflectivity (52) by step 4 draws calculate boundary layer aerosol optical depth (60);
Step 6, judgement
A), signal transmits
The output signal of aerosol optical depth (60) module is sent to comparison (70) module;
B), calculate the ground sight distance
With synchronous ground sight distance data according to formula
V＝3.91·H·1/τ
In the formula: V is the ground sight distance;
H is the gasoloid absolute altitude of Various Seasonal;
τ is an aerosol optical depth;
C), relatively
The aerosol optical depth (60) that the aerosol optical depth value that calculates and step 5 are obtained compares (70);
When both difference＜0.1, the output signal that will compare (70) module is sent to output (80) module, is output as aerosol optical depth (60);
Otherwise feed back to atmospheric correction (40) module, get back to step 3 and carry out atmospheric correction again, re-enter the needed parameters of atmospheric correction, circulation repeats.
2, the atmospheric correction method of aviation high-spectrum remote-sensing inversion boundary layer aerosol optical depth according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described atmospherical model (42) comprising: tropical atmosphere, middle latitude summer, middle latitude winter, subpolar zone summer, subpolar zone winter and 1976 United States standard atmospheres.
3, the atmospheric correction method of aviation high-spectrum remote-sensing inversion boundary layer aerosol optical depth according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described aerosol type (43) comprising: or be no gasoloid; Or be rural extinction coefficient, default meteorological range=23km; Or be the city extinction coefficient, default meteorological range=5km; Or be the troposphere extinction coefficient, default meteorological range=50km.
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