CN1703658B - 基于发动机负荷的燃料喷射定时补偿 - Google Patents
基于发动机负荷的燃料喷射定时补偿 Download PDFInfo
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- F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
- F02D41/401—Controlling injection timing
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种在发动机负荷情况变化期间提供改善发动机性能的装置和方法,它可减少或消除发动机时快时慢或停顿并且/或者减少排放水平。当检测到发动机负荷变化时(201),确定燃料喷射定时的补偿因素(205)并将其与燃料喷射的基础定时结合起来,从而改变过渡周期中的燃料喷射器定时。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及内燃机,包括但不限于用于柴油机中燃料喷射的定时。
发明背景
动态燃料喷射定时是柴油机中已知的。动态燃料喷射定时用于确定所需的机轴位置,在该位置处发送信号或脉冲宽度到燃料喷射器,开始基于各种发动机工作参数将燃料喷射入发动机汽缸。机轴位置是以其喷射器将接收下一个定时脉冲的汽缸的上死点前的度数来测量的。
为了提升发动机性能,利用了各种方法,包括涉及动态燃料喷射定时的方法。但是,这些方法导致特定情况下发动机中的时快时慢或停顿,诸如当发动机经受负荷条件变化时,诸如在车辆加速期间或在爬坡时。
因此,有必要减小或消除发动机负荷情况变化期间发动机的时快时慢或停顿,同时提供较小的排放水平。
发明内容
一种用于在燃料喷射定时中补偿发动机负荷变化的方法包括以下步骤:为发动机检测发动机负荷变化和基于该发动机负荷变化补偿发动机的至少一个汽缸的燃料喷射定时,从而至少提升发动机性能或减少排放水平。
附图概述
图1是根据本发明的基于发动机负荷变化补偿燃料喷射定时的发动机控制模块的框图。
图2是说明根据本发明为发动机负荷变化补偿燃料喷射定时的方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
以下描述在发动机负荷情况变化过程中提供改良的发动机性能的装置和方法,该方法减少或消除了发动机的时快时慢(stumbling)或停顿,并且/或者可降低发动机排放水平。在检测到发动机负荷变化时,确定用于燃料喷射定时的补偿因素并将其与用于燃料喷射的基础定时或已为诸如发动机转速的其它补偿因素调整的定时组合,从而在过渡过程中改变燃料喷射器定时。
图1中示出了说明补偿负荷变化的控制模块的示图。在这里所示的实施例中,发动机控制模块(ECM)100用于确定机轴位置,在该位置处发送命令以便将添加燃料脉冲发送给发动机汽缸的燃料喷射器。ECM可以是本行业中容易得到的常规发动机控制模块。
负荷变化检测器101检测发动机负荷的变化。发动机负荷变化会出现于恒定发动机转速或变化的发动机转速情况中。可以通过比较不同时间的实际燃料需求量或对燃料的需求来确定负荷变化。通过油门踏板的输入,燃料需求由ECM100确定,它是作为维持所需发动机转速/负荷所需的燃料量的函数。当燃料需求改变预定量时,就认为已出现负荷变化。也可使用确定负荷变化的其它方法。在出现负荷变化的时间里,提供对燃料喷射器定时的补偿。
ECM内的块103在各个时刻从负荷变化检测器101或其它合适装置接收燃料需求(FD)输入,并通过将两个燃料需求(FD1和FD2)相减并将结果除以时间常数来确定差动燃料需求(DFD)。时间常数通常表示ECM的执行速率或采样速率。
DFD和以每分钟转数为单位的发动机转速N是表105的变量,表105包括补偿负荷变化的定时调整。DFD可以(每冲程毫克)每秒来计量。这种表的一个例子示于以下的表1中。
表1
可正可负的这些定时调整以BTDC度数或曲柄转角(dca)度数存储。表1包括m个发动机转速和n个DFD的定时调整,其中m和n是大于0的整数。建立反映燃料喷射的定时调整的数值,以减小发动机的排放水平。此外,选择这些数值来改善发动机性能,例如增加发动机响应和在改变负荷条件过程中减少或消除发动机时快时慢或停顿。这些数值通过经验调查研究来确定,这些经验调查研究是通过在发动机或测量测试车间中运行FTP(联邦测试过程)排放循环或其它合适的排放测试和/或评估测试循环来优化发动机性能并减少废气排放的。因为燃料喷射定时常被过分拖延迟后以减少氮氧化物(NOx)排放,因此出现发动机时快时慢或停顿。该迟后会有不期望的结果,诸如会对排放有负面影响的不完全燃烧和更长的点火迟后。定时调整可提供降低了的排放水平,它可通过在发动机中提供与不使用本发明的情况相比更完全的燃料燃烧来减少或消除负荷情况改变期间的时快时慢和/或停顿,并可帮助改善发动机响应性。可按需要修改或微调定时调整,例如用以消除白色烟雾排放和发动机时快时慢。
当具体的发动机转速和DFD的数值确定时,通过加法器107将该值与基础定时值相加,从而按曲柄角(deg c.a)度数产生补偿定时值。尽管该基础定时值可补偿负荷变化以外的条件或情况,诸如发动机转速,但基础定时是指不象DFD那样补偿负荷变化的燃料喷射器的定时。当燃料喷射器处首先接收到加油脉冲而开始燃料喷射循环时,补偿定时值反映与TDC有关的时间。
图2中示出了说明用于发动机负荷变化的补偿燃料喷射定时的方法的流程图。在步骤201,对发动机检测负荷变化。以上根据负荷变化检测器101描述了负荷变化的检测。在步骤203,利用至少两个燃料需求值确定DFD。例如,DFD=(FD1-FD2)/TC,其中TC是反映FD1的出现和FD2的出现之间的时差的时间常数。在步骤205,确定燃料喷射器的定时补偿。来自步骤203的DFD和当前的发动机转速被用来按曲柄角度(deg c.a.)确定定时补偿值。在步骤207,将来自步骤205的补偿值与基础定时相加,产生出补偿时间(deg c.a.),燃料脉冲以该补偿时间传递到燃料喷射器。
本发明具有许多优点。一个优点在于通过减少废气排放获得的环保好处。从而,提升符合政府规定的排放水平的能力。本发明还改善了发动机性能,例如通过增加发动机响应并减少或消除改变负荷情况期间发动机的时快时慢或停顿。所提供的补偿调节用于稳定状态或准稳定状态发动机转速情况期间的发动机负荷变化。
本发明可以按其它特殊形式体现,而不背离其精神或基本特点。所描述的实施例在任何意义上说都被认为是说明性而非限制性的。因此,本发明的范围由所附权利要求书而非以上的描述限定。权利要求书等效物的意思和范围内包含的所有变化都包含于其范围之内。
Claims (14)
1.一种补偿发动机负荷变化的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
通过确定发动机要求的燃料量的变化率,为发动机检测发动机负荷变化;
基于发动机负荷变化以及发动机转速,补偿发动机中的至少一个汽缸的燃料喷射定时,从而完成对发动机性能的提升和对发动机的排放水平的降低中的至少一项。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在检测到负荷变化的时间段期间发生所述补偿步骤。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述补偿步骤包括确定喷射定时以提供发动机中燃料的更充分燃烧。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在发动机转速基本恒定时出现负荷变化。
5.一种补偿发动机负荷变化的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
通过确定发动机要求的燃料量的变化率,为发动机检测发动机负荷变化;
基于该发动机负荷变化以及发动机转速确定补偿值;
根据该补偿值为发动机中的至少一个汽缸更改喷射定时。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,当发动机以基本恒定的发动机转速工作时,发生发动机负荷变化。
7.如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,所述确定补偿值的步骤按曲柄角度提供一值,该值产生减少发动机排放水平的燃料喷射器定时调整。
8.如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,所述补偿值产生改善发动机性能的燃料喷射器定时。
9.如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,在检测到负荷变化时发生所述补偿步骤。
10.如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,所述确定步骤包括确定补偿值,该补偿值产生能提供发动机中燃料的更充分燃烧的喷射定时。
11.一种发动机控制模块,其特征在于,包括:
发动机负荷变化检测器,它被安排和构成为通过确定发动机要求的燃料量的变化率来检测发动机的负荷变化;
补偿值确定器,它被安排和构成为基于该负荷变化以及发动机转速建立至少一个补偿值;
加法器,它被安排和构成为基于该补偿值提供更改的燃料喷射定时。
12.如权利要求11所述的发动机控制模块,其特征在于,所述补偿值确定器包括查找表,它包含基于发动机转速和差分燃料需求的定时调整。
13.如权利要求11所述的发动机控制模块,其特征在于,所述至少一个补偿值提供减少发动机的排放水平的燃料喷射器定时。
14.如权利要求11所述的发动机控制模块,其特征在于,所述至少一个补偿值提供改善发动机性能的燃料喷射器定时。
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US10/271,235 | 2002-10-15 | ||
US10/271,235 US6857418B2 (en) | 2002-10-15 | 2002-10-15 | Fuel injection timing compensation based on engine load |
PCT/US2003/032008 WO2004036021A2 (en) | 2002-10-15 | 2003-10-09 | Fuel injection timing compensation based on engine load |
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EP (1) | EP1552354A4 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2006503221A (zh) |
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- 2002-10-15 US US10/271,235 patent/US6857418B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2003
- 2003-10-09 KR KR1020057006383A patent/KR20050051696A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-10-09 CN CN2003801012078A patent/CN1703658B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-10-09 WO PCT/US2003/032008 patent/WO2004036021A2/en active Search and Examination
- 2003-10-09 BR BR0315291-0A patent/BR0315291A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-10-09 MX MXPA05003610A patent/MXPA05003610A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2003-10-09 EP EP03774712A patent/EP1552354A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-10-09 CA CA2501402A patent/CA2501402C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-10-09 AU AU2003282520A patent/AU2003282520A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-10-09 JP JP2004544828A patent/JP2006503221A/ja active Pending
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1552354A4 (en) | 2007-02-28 |
WO2004036021A2 (en) | 2004-04-29 |
US6857418B2 (en) | 2005-02-22 |
BR0315291A (pt) | 2005-08-30 |
US20040069281A1 (en) | 2004-04-15 |
AU2003282520A1 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
EP1552354A2 (en) | 2005-07-13 |
MXPA05003610A (es) | 2005-06-03 |
KR20050051696A (ko) | 2005-06-01 |
CN1703658A (zh) | 2005-11-30 |
CA2501402A1 (en) | 2004-04-29 |
JP2006503221A (ja) | 2006-01-26 |
CA2501402C (en) | 2011-01-18 |
WO2004036021A3 (en) | 2004-07-08 |
AU2003282520A8 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
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