CN1702338A - 有系接弹簧的有拴系肩的螺母 - Google Patents

有系接弹簧的有拴系肩的螺母 Download PDF

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CN1702338A
CN1702338A CN200510073929.8A CN200510073929A CN1702338A CN 1702338 A CN1702338 A CN 1702338A CN 200510073929 A CN200510073929 A CN 200510073929A CN 1702338 A CN1702338 A CN 1702338A
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T·V·奥克泽马斯
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/02Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of fastening members using screw-thread
    • F16B5/0241Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of fastening members using screw-thread with the possibility for the connection to absorb deformation, e.g. thermal or vibrational
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S411/00Expanded, threaded, driven, headed, tool-deformed, or locked-threaded fastener
    • Y10S411/955Locked bolthead or nut
    • Y10S411/965Locked bolthead or nut with retainer
    • Y10S411/969Deformable retainer
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S411/00Expanded, threaded, driven, headed, tool-deformed, or locked-threaded fastener
    • Y10S411/999Expanded, threaded, driven, headed, tool-deformed, or locked-threaded fastener with retainer, e.g. tether

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Abstract

一种有拴系肩的螺母组件,其包括一个用于电子模件的散热装置的有拴系肩的螺母,它具有一个带螺纹的螺母部分和一个由它伸展的管状部分。管状部分的外壁中的一个带斜面的段通向邻近螺母部分的底表面的一个保持凹槽。在管状部分上使一个压缩弹簧滑动,使它跨置在带斜面的段上,并且在一端把它保持在保持凹槽中。管状部分适宜于使它穿过一个直孔插入,弹簧的内径比该孔大。管状部分的自由端适宜于被扩张开,达到比孔大的直径,从而实现把它拴住。

Description

有系接弹簧的有拴系肩的螺母
技术领域
本发明涉及一种螺母组件,特别是涉及一种有系接弹簧的有拴系肩的螺母
背景技术
在组装电子部件和模件的过程中,常常使用插入件,垫圈和隔离装置。用螺栓,弹簧夹,夹紧装置和其它这样的装置实现部件和部分的安装。在用于固定电子部件的底板中,用来用手操作部件和工具的空间常常是个问题。
在被松开时紧固件与部件之一保持在一起的情况下,拴系(或俘获)的螺栓和拴系的紧固件是用来把两个部件紧固在一起的装置。典型地,用一个凸缘,一个箍,一个弹簧夹或者类似件使拴系的螺栓被与它保持在一起的部件“抓住”,这些件的结构防止拴系的紧固件从该部件上完全脱开。拴系的紧固件的用途在于,在组装之前以及在组装的过程中,它们不会由相关的部件上丢失或者脱落。
在组装相关的部件和由电子模件板,周边部件相互连接板(PCI板)和印刷线路板(PC板)将相关的部件移开的过程中,以及在用于装放这些板的底板的环境中,这个特点变得非常有用。
现代的大规模集成(LSI)电路,微处理器,微芯片,以及其它的集成电路装置(PC芯片)产生相当大量的热量,特别是当在非常高的频率下工作时会产生大量的热。这样产生的热量的数量可能达到每小时几十瓦,甚至几百瓦。为了消散尽可能多的热量,在这些IC芯片上安装散热装置变得不可避免。在这种情况下,把散热装置安装到板上,或者安装到一个安装框架上,该框架进而安装到IC芯片也安装在其上的板上。
弹簧夹一直被用来把散热装置固定到PC板上的IC芯片上。然而,这些夹子对于震动很敏感,常常与散热装置上的传热翅片发生干扰,并且常常很难把它们牢固地搭扣在其位置和松开。
拴系的螺栓与散热装置的夹子相比已经实现了改进。使用两个或者四个拴系的螺栓,这些螺栓分别与散热装置的带凸缘的角部接合。这些拴系的螺栓有带螺纹的端部,这些端部通常与被安装到穿过PC板的一个孔中的带螺纹的箍或者带螺纹的衬套接合。这些螺栓也要求有穿过散热装置的凸缘的箍或衬套,螺栓也穿过该凸缘伸展。
拴系的螺栓可以使用一个滑动环,环形的凸缘,或者在散热装置的凸缘表面下面的一个位置位于拴系的螺栓上的一个突伸肩部。这个突出的结构阻止拴系的螺栓由散热装置上脱落,从而保持该紧固件被拴接在散热装置上。通常用与它们的头部接合的工具旋转(拧紧和松开)拴系的螺栓。典型地,拴系的螺栓有Philips,带狭缝的,TORX头部,这些头部要求适当的螺栓刀。
在IC芯片的顶表面与散热装置的底部之间常常使用一个可以压缩的弹性的传热高聚物材料薄片。这片传热的接口材料可以弥补相互配合的IC芯片与散热装置的任何表面不规则。
用于IC芯片散热装置的带有传热的高聚物薄片的拴系的螺栓已经包括了系接弹簧设计,在这种情况下,拴系的螺栓所施加的栓系作用力由一个压缩弹簧的弹簧作用力决定。这种结构使得散热装置可以“浮动”,即,当IC芯片的温度改变时散热装置通过膨胀和收缩而运动。
当把用于电子部件的底板做得比较小、有较小的轮廓时,并且当使更多的板挤进底板中空间拥挤的支架中时,散热装置的栓系螺栓包括拴系的螺栓的尺寸和位置变成了问题。还有,Philips,带狭缝的,甚至TORX头部可能旋转偏离开,工具对准的状况较差。安装板用的带内螺纹的衬套或箍的使用和安装以及安装散热装置用的箍的使用和安装增加了紧固硬件的成本。当把散热装置的螺栓与安装板用的带内螺纹的衬套或箍对准时散热装置组件的对准通常要求用两支手,并且要求有一定横向的运动。这种横向的运动可能对板的整体地印刷的线路涂层造成危害,并且使接口高聚物传热垫对不准。这使得在拥挤的四角移开和重新安装散热装置变得很困难。
为了使得散热装置的对准变得容易、并且保证它的适当的定位,已经提出了使用永久的安装板用的螺柱。这些螺柱可以是带螺纹的,用来把一个紧固件固定在其上,这些螺柱也可以在移开和重新安装散热装置的过程中用作对准销柱。希望有一种螺母类型的结构,为的是与安装板的螺柱一起使用,用来把散热装置紧固到IC芯片上。
本发明的目的是提供一种拴系的螺母结构,用来与IC芯片的散热装置一起使用,当把散热装置移开时,该拴系的螺母结构仍保持与散热装置在一起。
本发明的第二目的是提供系接弹簧,这将使得散热装置可以随着温度变化浮动。
本发明的第三目的是把拴系的螺母结构的制造成本减到最小,并且将它的部件数目减到最少。
发明内容
在一种散热装置的螺母组件中能够实现本发明的目的,该组件被拴系到散热装置上。这个螺母组件包括一个弹簧,用来在散热装置上施加一个系接作用力,且其也包括一个被扩大的段,以把它拴系到散热装置上。
尽管将这个螺母组件设计为用于PCI和PC板的电子部件和模件的散热装置,但是它同样地可以用于固定其它的结构。
该螺母组件包括带螺纹的六方螺母部分和由它伸展的一个管状部分。邻近管状部分连接到螺母部分上的连接部位,一个带斜面的段当它接近螺母部分时向外扩张,并且终止以形成一个环形的肩部,从而在管状部分中在邻近螺母部分的部位形成一个保持凹槽。
一个压缩弹簧在它的每个端部被形成一个平的圆环。压缩弹簧的内径足够大,足以在管状部分上滑动。弹簧的上端在带斜面的段上滑动,以把它保持在保持凹槽中。
本发明的一个优点在于:它使得可以使用带螺纹的螺柱保持散热装置。不再使用以前的外凸螺栓。因此,螺柱用作组装的定位装置和对准装置,并且消除了由于外凸螺栓可能对PC板的损坏。本发明与拴系的螺栓组件相比有较少的部件。去掉了箍和/或带螺纹的衬套。与带有箍的拴系的螺栓相比,本发明的结构占据较小的空间(有较小的轮廓)。这使得在散热装置底垫上用于翅片区域有更大的空间。
使螺母和弹簧组件滑动穿过在散热装置的凸缘上的一个直孔。弹簧将不通过该孔,弹簧将在组件的螺母部分的底部与散热装置的凸缘的顶表面之间伸展。随后压缩该组件,并且使管状部分的自由端扩张开,比孔的尺寸向外伸展得更多。可能需要用一种特殊的扩张工具,在一个新的拴系的螺母组件的每个管状部分上重复地获得相同的最后的端部直径。
被扩张开的端部用来把螺母组件拴接住,也用来提供一个肩部止动部,以产生正确的弹簧作用力。当把载有拴系的螺母组件的散热装置安装到一个PCI板或者PC板上时,扩张开的端部对着该板提供一个止动件,在散热装置的凸缘上形成向下固定的正确的弹簧作用力。弹簧也使得散热装置可以随受温度影响的尺寸变化实现浮动。
附图说明
通过阅读下面的详细描述连同附图,本发明的特点,优点和实现将很容易变得清楚,并且被进一步理解,在这些附图中相同的标号表示相同的部件,在附图中:
图1为把一个散热装置固定到一个PC板上的拴系的螺母结构的侧视剖面图;
图2为在安装和把端部扩张开之前拴系的螺母组件的部件分解组件透视图;
图3为拴系的螺母组件连同被组装在保持凹槽上的弹簧的纵向剖面图;
图4a为弹簧的透视图;
图4b为弹簧的第一侧视图;
图4c为弹簧的第二侧视图,此图是由第一侧视图旋转90度后取的;
图4d为弹簧的第一端视图;
图4e为弹簧的相反的端视图;
图5a为螺母和管状件的透视图;
图5b为螺母和管状件的侧视图;
图5c为图5a和5b的管状件的端视图;
图5d为图5a和5b的螺母件的端视图;
图6为图5b的一个替代实施例的侧视图,其中管状件邻近它的自由端处有一个环形的容纳凹槽;以及
图7为图6的t替代实施例的剖面图。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及一种有拴系肩的螺母组件,该组件具有用来与在PCI板(周边部件相互连接的板)或者PC板(印刷线路板)上的用于把散热装置固定到一个IC装置(集成电路装置或微芯片)或者其它的电子模件上的螺柱相配合的系紧的弹簧。一个PC板11,参见图1,具有一个微芯片,将集成电路(IC)13安装到它的表面上。多个带螺纹的螺柱15安装到PC板11上,关于IC 13的周边向上直立。这些螺柱15通常为两个或者四个,它们用来在IC 13的上方,并且与该IC 13接触地把散热装置17安装到板11上。
集成电路13在它的顶表面上携带一个传热的可压缩的接口垫19,用来与散热装置的底板21相配合,并且用来弥补底板21或者IC 13的顶表面的任何不规则。
直孔23穿过关于底板21的周边伸展的凸缘25伸展。每个孔23要与一个向外伸展的螺柱15相配合。当把散热装置17安装到板11上和IC 13的上方时螺柱15用作定位销柱。
每个有拴系肩的螺母组件27螺纹旋接到一个螺柱15上,用其上所携带的压缩弹簧29的作用力系接凸缘25。离开的距离“A”和所形成的弹簧29的被压缩的长度“B”决定了弹簧29作用在凸缘25上的系接作用力。一个管状套筒31被连接到带螺纹的螺母33上,该螺母被向下拧紧到该螺柱15上,从而驱动套筒31与PC板11的顶表面接触。将套筒31的自由端向外扩张开35,达到一个比孔23大的直径。这个扩张开的端部35把套筒31,弹簧29和螺母33拴接到散热装置17的凸缘25上。该扩张开的端部35也对着PC板11的顶表面形成一个止动部。
拴系螺母组件27的狭窄的型线(小的轮廓)使得凸缘25可以比以前小,从而使散热装置的翅片37获得较大的面积。弹簧29的上端在下面将描述的一个保持凹槽处被保持到螺母33和套筒31上。
在图2中示出了在安装在散热装置或者其它装置上之前的有拴系肩的螺母组件。该组件具有两个部件。第一部件是螺母33和由它的一个面延伸出的管状套筒31。第二部件是弹簧29。螺母33和套筒31被做成一个经过机械加工的部件。然而,替代地,一个带肩的螺母可以有一个被压在或者被卷折在螺母的一个突伸的桶状肩部上的管状套筒。这样可以容许螺母和套筒由两种不同的材料制成。
由单一的坯料机械加工出螺母33和套筒31,参见图2,该坯料可以由型号304的不锈钢制成,或者由黄铜或青铜或这些材料中任何材料的合金制成。弹簧29,参见图2,可以由型号302的不锈钢制成,或者由弹簧丝制成。
套筒的自由端37斜切37,使得它的内壁的一段被根切成一个埋头孔39。埋头孔39的根切在套筒31的要被扩张开的区域产生较薄的壁厚。图3示出了被组装起来的图2的部件的纵向剖面图。如所看到的那样,管状套筒部分31的内径41足够大,可以通过螺柱15。仅只螺母33形成有螺纹43。
图4a到4e示出了压缩弹簧29的形状的各个视图,使弹簧螺旋形地缠绕,它带有平的圆形端部。图5a到5d示出了螺母33和有埋头孔的管状套筒31的各个视图。管状套筒31的外壁上的带斜面的一段45通向邻近该螺母的底面的一个保持凹槽47,参见图3,5a和5b。保持凹槽47的直径比构成弹簧29的线的直径稍微大一点。保持凹槽47的深度足以容纳弹簧29的端部圆环,参见图3。
带斜面的段45的角度“C”,参见图5b,足以将弹簧29的端部扩展开,为的是将它定位在保持凹槽47中。角度“C”可以为大约10度。
采用下面的步骤将有拴系肩的螺母组件拴接到散热装置17上。将弹簧29滑动到套筒31上,把它的前端推到带斜面的段45上,并且进入保持凹槽47中。随后使这个组件穿过散热装置中的一个孔23插入,以部分地压缩弹簧29,并使得套筒31的前端在散热装置的凸缘25的下面伸出得足够长,使得扩张工具可以在埋头孔段39的端部上方抓住套筒31。随后扩张工具将埋头孔段39向外扩张开,达到比孔23的直径要大的直径。接着将散热装置安装在螺柱15上,并且拧紧螺母33,直到套筒31的被扩张开的自由端对着PC板的顶表面停止为止,参见图1。
作为套筒31中的根切或者埋头孔段31的替代方案,可以在套筒31的自由端的外表面切出一个外凹槽49,图6和7。这个外凹槽49可以为V字形。在组装步骤的扩张操作过程中,使扩张工具夹紧V字形凹槽49的内壁,并且将套筒31的壁向外扩张开。
在上面描述的发明中可以进行许多变化,而不偏离它的精神和范围。因此,希望以说明的意义而不是以限制的意义阅读上面的描述。可以对上述内容进行替换和改变,但仍然在本发明和所附的权利要求书的范围和精神以内。

Claims (20)

1.一种有拴系肩的螺母组件,它包括:
带螺纹的螺母;
由所述带螺纹的螺母伸展的管状套筒;以及
安装在所述管状套筒上并且在离开所述管状套筒的自由端的内侧的一个位置紧固在其上的弹簧。
2.按照权利要求1所述的有拴系肩的螺母组件,其特征在于,所述弹簧的紧固位置邻近所述带螺纹的螺母。
3.按照权利要求2所述的有拴系肩的螺母组件,其特征在于,所述管状套筒包括在它的邻近所述弹簧紧固位置的外壁上的带斜面的段。
4.按照权利要求3所述的有拴系肩的螺母组件,其特征在于,所述带斜面的段当它接近所述带螺纹的螺母时向外增加。
5.按照权利要求4所述的有拴系肩的螺母组件,其特征在于,所述带斜面的段由所述带螺纹的螺母中断一段距离,且其中,所述有拴系肩的螺母组件在所述带螺纹的螺母与所述带斜面的段之间也包括保持凹槽。
6.按照权利要求5所述的有拴系肩的螺母组件,其特征在于,所述弹簧紧固位置是所述保持凹槽,所述弹簧的端部被保持在那里。
7.按照权利要求6所述的有拴系肩的螺母组件,其特征在于,所述管状套筒包括它的内壁上从它的自由端引出的根切段,以形成埋头孔。
8.按照权利要求7所述的有拴系肩的螺母组件,其特征在于,所述管状套筒的自由端被向外扩张开。
9.按照权利要求6所述的有拴系肩的螺母组件,其特征在于,所述管状套筒的自由端被向外扩张开。
10.按照权利要求6所述的有拴系肩的螺母组件,其特征在于,所述管状套筒也包括在它的外壁上在所述管状套筒的自由端内侧并在其附近的环形凹槽。
11.按照权利要求10所述的有拴系肩的螺母组件,其特征在于,所述管状套筒的自由端被向外扩张开。
12.按照权利要求8所述的有拴系肩的螺母组件,其特征在于,所述带螺纹的螺母和所述管状套筒为一种连续的材料。
13.按照权利要求8所述的有拴系肩的螺母组件,其特征在于,所述带螺纹的螺母和所述管状套筒为两种不同的材料,所述管状套筒紧固到所述带螺纹的螺母上。
14.一种穿过在平板中的直孔组装有拴系肩的螺母组件的方法,它包括如下步骤:
提供螺母,其带有由其伸展的管状套筒;
将压缩弹簧安装在所述管状套筒上;
邻近所述螺母与所述管状套筒会合的表面将所述压缩弹簧的一端固定在所述管状套筒上;
使所述套筒通过孔,所述孔比压缩弹簧的内径小;
向下压所述弹簧,使得所述管状套筒的下端越过所述孔伸展;以及
将所述套筒的自由端向外扩张开,达到比所述孔大的直径,以将所述组件拴接住。
15.一种拴系螺母组件,它包括:
螺母件,其有内部开孔;
套筒件,其装接到所述螺母件上,并由所述螺母件的一个表面伸展,与所述螺母件的内部开孔对准;以及
弹簧件,其安装在所述套筒件的外壁的外面并且固定在所述套筒件的自由端内侧的位置。
16.按照权利要求15所述的拴系螺母组件,其特征在于,其还包括邻近所述螺母的所述表面的保持凹槽,其中,所述弹簧件的一端保持在那里。
17.按照权利要求16所述的拴系螺母组件,其特征在于,所述套筒件的所述自由端向外伸展。
18.按照权利要求16所述的拴系螺母组件,其与板相结合,其特征在于,所述板具有直的通孔,所述套筒件穿过所述孔伸展,其中所述孔具有比所述弹簧件的尺寸小的开口,从而限制所述弹簧件从中穿过。
19.按照权利要求18所述的拴系螺母组件,其特征在于,所述套筒件的所述自由端形成为越过所述通孔的所述开口伸展,从而把所述拴系螺母组件拴接在所述孔内。
20.按照权利要求19所述的拴系螺母组件,其特征在于,所述螺母形成有螺纹。
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CN110712487A (zh) * 2019-10-28 2020-01-21 国唐汽车有限公司 一种新能源车型悬架结构的减震器固定装置

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