CN1697356B

CN1697356B - Preamble formats of mimo wireless communication system

Info

Publication number: CN1697356B
Application number: CN 200510069625
Authority: CN
Inventors: 克里斯多佛·扬; 克里斯多佛·詹姆士·哈森; 瑞贾得·特伯·慕塔; 贾森·A·切思戈; 马太·詹姆士·菲斯克
Original assignee: Zyray Wireless Inc
Current assignee: Avago Technologies General IP Singapore Pte Ltd
Priority date: 2004-05-07
Filing date: 2005-04-30
Publication date: 2013-07-03
Anticipated expiration: 2025-04-30
Also published as: CN1773989A; CN1783856B; CN1783856A; CN1697356A; CN1773989B

Abstract

A method for multiple input multiple output wireless communication begins by determining protocols of wireless communication devices within a proximal region. The method continues by determining whether the protocols of the wireless communication devices within the proximal region are of a like protocol. The method continues by determining the number of transmit antennas. The method continues, when the protocols of the wireless communication devices within the proximal region are of the like protocol, formatting a preamble of a frame of the wireless communication utilizing at least one of cyclic shifting of symbols, cyclic shifting of tones, sparse tone allocation, and sparse symbol allocation based on the number of transmit antennas.

Description

The preface information form of MIMO radio communication system

Technical field

Present invention relates in general to wireless communication system, relate more specifically to support the wireless communication protocol of multiple-input, multiple-output in the WLAN (wireless local area network).

Background technology

Wireless and wire communication between existing communication system support of wireless communication equipment and the wire communication facility, such communication system applications also is applied to the wireless network of indoor " point-to-point " in communicating by letter between domestic and international cellular telephone communication system and the internet.Any communication system all will be set up according to one or more communication standards, and operation by this.Such as, wireless communication system can reach the technology by above several derives from technology according to back cited one or more standard operations (including but are not limited to): IEEE802.11, bluetooth, advanced mobile phone service (AMPS), digital advanced mobile phone service (DAMPS), global system for mobile communications (GSM), code division multiple access (CDMA), Local Multipoint Distribution System (LMDS), multichannel multiple spot distribution technique (MMDS).

Because the difference of wireless communication system, a Wireless Telecom Equipment can be set up with the another one Wireless Telecom Equipment directly or indirectly and communicate by letter.Wireless Telecom Equipment has: cell phone, wireless interspeaker, personal digital assistant (PDA), PC (PC), notebook computer and home entertainment device etc.For direct communication (also crying " point-to-point " communication), the Receiver And Transmitter of the Wireless Telecom Equipment that participates in communication is adjusted to identical channel or channel group, can communicate by these channels or channel group (such as, in the wireless communication system in a plurality of radio frequencies carrying ripples one).For indirect radio communication, any one Wireless Telecom Equipment passes through channel appointed, want one directly with a plurality of base stations of interconnection in a base station (for example cellular basestation) contact, want one directly with a plurality of access points of interconnection in an access point (for example at wireless network indoor or in building) contact, and carry out direct communication again between the access point of the base station of interconnection and interconnection, communicate to connect to finish between the wireless device.Communication between interconnection base station and the interconnection access point is then finished by system controller, public telephone network, internet and some other wide area network.

Each participates in the Wireless Telecom Equipment of radio communication, want one to have a synthetic wireless transceiver (Receiver And Transmitter is just arranged), (for example be connected on the relevant wireless transceiver, indoor or the interior wireless communication network base station of building, radio modem etc.).Transmitter comprises: data modulating part, one or more intermediate-frequency section and a power amplifier.The data modulating part is according to specific wireless communication standard, initial data is converted to baseband signal, one or more intermediate-frequency sections mix back complex RF signal to baseband signal with one or more local oscillations, power amplifier amplifies the back to radiofrequency signal and launches from antenna.

As everyone knows, receiver need be connected to transmitting antenna.Receiver comprises: low noise amplifier, one or more intermediate-frequency section, a filtration fraction and a data recovered part.Low noise amplifier receives the input radio frequency signal that transmits through antenna and signal is amplified.One or more intermediate-frequency sections mix the radiofrequency signal of amplifying with one or more local oscillations, the radiofrequency signal of amplification just converts baseband signal or intermediate-freuqncy signal to.Filtration fraction filters baseband signal or intermediate-freuqncy signal, to weaken the outer signal of unwanted wave band, the signal after so just obtaining filtering.The data recovered part reverts to initial data to the signal after filtering according to specific wireless communication standard.

Further, even in same wireless communication system, wireless device institute accepted standard also can be different.For example, 802.11 standards develop to IEEE 802.11b from IEEE 802.11, develop IEEE 802.11a then, develop IEEE 802.11g more afterwards.In the same WLAN (wireless local area network), adopt the Wireless Telecom Equipment of IEEE 802.11b standard to exist simultaneously with the Wireless Telecom Equipment that adopts IEEE 802.11g standard.Another example is in same WLAN (wireless local area network), adopts the Wireless Telecom Equipment of IEEE 802.11a standard to exist simultaneously with the Wireless Telecom Equipment that adopts IEEE 802.11g standard.When existing equipment (being exactly to adopt same standard than the equipment of older version) with the coexistence that adopts later release criteria in same WLAN (wireless local area network) the time, for avoiding conflict, whether people have adopted a kind of existing equipment identification redaction equipment that can make in the mechanism with wireless channel.

For example, the back compatible with existing equipment is all ad hoc activated at physics (PHY) layer (in the situation of IEEE 802.11b) or at medium storage control (MAC) layer (in the situation of IEEE 802.11g) no matter be.The preface information of the physical layer of standard can realize by reusing early in the back compatible of physical layer.Like this, even existing equipment can not carry out demodulation sign indicating number completely to the frame that transmits, still need all preface informations are partly decoded, whether such decoding can provide sufficient information using to judge at concrete period wireless channel.

At medium storage key-course, the method that transmits a kind of special frames by the equipment that adopts new standard is achieved the compatibility with existing equipment, and this special frames is used the employed pattern of existing equipment and data transfer rate.Can transmit clear to send/be ready for sending (CTS/RTS) switching frame and the frame of self is given in clear to send such as, new equipment, this mode is adopted in IEEE 802.11g.These special frames are comprising the information of the network allocation vector (NAV) that existing equipment is set, and like this, it is shared that these equipment just can be identified the base station whether wireless channel be updated.

And two kinds of existing mechanism are not owing to have back compatible, and are independent of each other, so show not fully up to expectations.

Thereby, just need be a kind of in wireless communication system, comprise the method and apparatus of supporting multi-user's agreement in the WLAN (wireless local area network).

Summary of the invention

The preface information form of MIMO radio communication system of the present invention has satisfied this demand and some other demand fully.In an example, the production method of the preface information of MIMO radio communication system frame carries out as follows: at first, each antenna of MIMO radio communication produces a carrier wave detected field, and the carrier wave detected field is transmitted antenna from a transmission antenna cyclic shift to another then; Then; first group of transmitting antenna in the MIMO radio communication system produces a protection at interval after the carrier wave detected field; and then produce at least one channel detection field; wherein, and then first is responsible to replace at interval by an antenna cyclic shift from first group of antenna to another antenna at least one the channel detection field that produces.Secondly, if MIMO radio communication system includes the transmitting antenna of Duoing than first group of antenna, another group antenna is finished following work: produce another at least one channel detection field, wherein, at least one channel detection field of another that produces follows an antenna cyclic shift of being organized from another after first at least one channel detection field antenna to another antenna; Before another at least one channel detection field, produce first protection at interval.

In another example, production method with preface information original edition compatibility the MIMO radio communication system frame carries out as follows: at first, each antenna in a plurality of transmitting antennas in the MIMO radio communication system produces a carrier wave detected field, wherein, the carrier wave detected field by from a transmitting antenna cyclic shift to another transmitting antenna; Secondly, first antenna in a plurality of antennas is finished following work: produce first protection at interval after the carrier wave detected field; Produce first channel detection field in the back at interval in first protection; After first channel detection field, produce second channel detection field; Again, in first group of a plurality of transmitting antennas, remaining each antenna is finished following work: produce the 3rd channel detection field; After the 3rd channel detection field, produce the 4th channel detection field; And before the 3rd channel detection field, produce second protection at interval.

According to an aspect of the present invention, provide the method that produces the preface information of a frame for MIMO radio communication system, this method comprises following a few part:

Each transmitting antenna in the MIMO radio communication system: produce a carrier wave detected field, wherein, the carrier wave detected field by from an antenna cyclic shift to another transmitting antenna;

First group of transmitting antenna in the MIMO radio communication system: after the carrier wave detected field, produce first protection at interval; Produce at least one channel detection field, wherein, this at least one channel detection field and then first protection at interval by a cyclic shift from first group of antenna to another;

When MIMO radio communication system has no more than one group of transmitting antenna, another organizes transmitting antenna: produce another at least one channel detection field, wherein, this another at least one channel detection field is another at least one channel detection field and then, by from the cyclic shift of another group antenna to another; And before another at least one channel detection field, produce first protection at interval;

Preferably, to each transmitting antenna in first group of transmitting antenna in the MIMO radio communication system, this method also comprises:

After another at least one channel detection field, produce second protection at interval; And

After second protection at interval, produce a channel detection field;

Preferably, to each transmitting antenna in another group antenna of MIMO radio communication system, this method also comprises:

Produce the 3rd protection before the channel detection field of at least one at interval at another, wherein, first and the 3rd protection are at interval than second protection longer duration at interval.

Preferably, the carrier wave detected field that produces consists of the following components:

Produce a short training sequence according to former protocols having, wherein, this cyclic shift is based on continuing of a plurality of transmitting antennas and short training sequence.

Preferably, if the quantity of transmitting antenna is 3, this method also comprises:

First group of transmitting antenna for MIMO radio communication system, it produces first and second long training sequence according to former protocols having at least one channel detection field, wherein, this first group of transmitting antenna comprises two in three transmit antennas, wherein, first and second long training sequence are by cyclic shift respectively; And

Produce the 3rd long training sequence according to former protocols having, it is counted as another at least one channel detection field of another group transmitting antenna; Wherein, this another group antenna comprises in three transmitting antennas the 3rd;

Preferably, if the quantity of transmitting antenna is 4, this method also comprises:

For first group of transmitting antenna of MIMO radio communication system, produce first and second long training sequence according to former protocols having, it is counted as at least one channel detection field; Wherein, first group of antenna comprises two in four transmitting antennas, and first and second long training sequence are by cyclic shift respectively; And

Another group antenna produces the 3rd and the 4th long training sequence according to former protocols having, and it is counted as another at least one channel detection field of another group transmitting antenna; Wherein, another group antenna comprises two in addition in four transmitting antennas, and the 3rd and the 4th long training sequence are distinguished cyclic shift;

Preferably, to each transmitting antenna in the MIMO radio communication system, this method comprises:

And then after another at least one channel detection field, produce another protection at interval;

And then this another protection produces second channel detection field at interval afterwards;

According to an aspect of the present invention, it provides to the MIMO radio communication system frame produces a method with the preface information of the frame of original edition compatibility, and this method comprises following a few part:

Each transmitting antenna in a plurality of antennas of MIMO radio communication system produces a carrier wave detected field, wherein, the carrier wave detected field by from an antenna cyclic shift to another transmitting antenna;

For first antenna in a plurality of transmitting antennas:

And then the carrier wave detected field produces first protection at interval;

And then first protection produces first channel detection field at interval;

And then first channel detection field produces second channel detection field;

For each transmit antenna in first group in remaining transmit antenna of a plurality of antennas:

Produce the 3rd channel detection field;

And then the 3rd channel detection field produces the 4th channel detection field;

And before producing the 3rd channel detection field, just produce second protection at interval;

Preferably, these a plurality of transmit antennas comprise three transmitting antennas: the 3rd in first group of transmitting antenna and the 4th channel detection field, distinguish cyclic shift to another transmitting antenna from a transmitting antenna;

Preferably, these a plurality of transmit antennas comprise four transmitting antennas:

To the 4th antenna in a plurality of antennas:

Produce the 5th channel detection field;

And then the 5th channel detection field produces the 6th channel detection field;

Before producing the 5th channel detection field, produce the 3rd protection at interval;

Preferably, for each transmitting antenna in a plurality of transmitting antennas, this method also comprises:

And then produce another protection at interval after the 6th channel detection field;

And then produce a channel detection field after second protection at interval;

Preferably, to first transmitting antenna, this method also comprises:

And then second channel detection field produces another protection at interval;

And then second protection produces a channel detection field at interval;

Preferably, to each transmitting antenna in the MIMO radio communication system, this method also comprises:

And then produce another protection at interval after the 4th channel detection field;

Produce second acquisition of signal field after protecting at interval this another;

According to an aspect of the present invention, radio frequency sending set consists of the following components:

To export the baseband processing module that operatively connects that data transaction becomes the output code flow filament for one;

One changes output symbol circulation the transmitter section that operatively connects of output radiofrequency signal into, and wherein, basic processing module operably is connected to:

For each transmitting antenna of transmitter section, produce a carrier wave detected field, wherein, the carrier wave detected field by from a transmitting antenna cyclic shift to another transmitting antenna;

First group of transmitting antenna to transmitter section:

And then this carrier wave detected field produces first protection at interval;

Be right after first protection and at interval produce at least one channel detection field, wherein, this at least one channel detection field follow this first protection at interval by cyclic shift from first group of transmitting antenna to another:

Transmitter section is organized transmitting antenna if comprised other antenna except first group of transmitting antenna to another:

Produce another at least one channel detection field, wherein, this another at least one channel detection field and then at least one channel detection field by from the cyclic shift of another group transmitting antenna to another;

Before producing another at least one channel detection field, produce first protection at interval;

Preferably, for each antenna of first group of transmitting antenna in a plurality of transmitting antennas in the transmitter section, baseband processing module still can be used for:

After at least one channel detection field, produce second protection at interval;

After second protection at interval, produce a channel detection field.

Preferably, for each antenna in another group transmitting antenna in a plurality of transmitting antennas, baseband processing module also can be used for:

Before another at least one channel detection field, produce the 3rd protection at interval, wherein, first is longer than second lasting time at interval with the 3rd protection.

Preferably, baseband processing module also can be used for producing the carrier wave detected field:

Preferably, when the quantity of transmitting antenna is 3, baseband processing module can also be applied to:

Produce first and second long training sequence to first group in the antenna of transmitter section according to former protocols having, it is counted as at least one channel detection field; Wherein, first group of antenna comprises two in three antennas, and first and second long training sequence are by cyclic shift separately;

Then, produce the 3rd long training sequence according to former protocols having, this long training sequence is regarded as another at least one channel detection field by another group transmitting antenna; Here said " another organizes transmitting antenna " comprises the 3rd that begins in said three transmitting antennas.

Preferably, when the quantity of transmitting antenna is 4, baseband processing module can also be applied to:

To first group in the transmitting antenna in the transmitter section, produce first and second long training sequence according to former protocols having, these two long training sequences are counted as at least one channel detection field; Wherein, first group comprises two in four transmitting antennas, and first is distinguished cyclic shift with second long training sequence;

Then, produce the 3rd and the 4th long training sequence according to former protocols having, these two long training sequences are regarded as at least one channel detection field of another one by another group transmitting antenna; Wherein, another group transmitting antenna comprises two in addition in four antennas, and the 3rd and the 4th long training sequence are by cyclic shift separately.

Preferably, for each antenna in a plurality of transmitting antennas in the transmitter section, baseband processing module still can be used for:

And then produce another protection after another at least one channel detection field at interval;

And produce second channel detection field after protecting at interval this another.

To export the baseband processing module that operatively connects that data transaction becomes the output code flow filament for one; And

One changes output symbol circulation the transmitter section that operatively connects of output radiofrequency signal into, and wherein, baseband processing module is operatively connected to:

For each transmitting antenna in a plurality of antennas in the transmitter section, produce a carrier wave detected field, wherein, the carrier wave detected field by from a transmitting antenna cyclic shift to another transmitting antenna;

First transmitting antenna for transmitter section:

And then first protection produces first channel detection field at interval;

Be right after first channel detection field and produce second channel detection field;

For each transmit antenna in first group of remaining transmit antenna of many groups antenna:

Produce the 3rd channel detection field;

The 3rd and the 4th channel detection field are passed to another from of first group of transmitting antenna respectively.

The 4th antenna in a plurality of transmitting antennas:

Produce the 5th channel detection field;

After the 5th channel detection field, produce the 6th channel detection field;

And, before producing the 5th channel detection field, produce the 3rd protection at interval;

Preferably, for each antenna in a plurality of transmitting antennas, baseband processing module can also be applied to:

After the 6th channel detection field, produce another protection at interval;

After second protection at interval, produce a channel detection field;

Preferably, for first antenna in a plurality of transmitting antennas, baseband processing module also is applied to:

And then second protection produces a channel detection field in the back at interval;

Preferably, baseband processing module also can be used for producing the carrier wave detected field, and mode is as follows:

For each transmitting antenna in the MIMO radio communication system, baseband processing module still can be used for:

And then the 4th channel detection field produces another protection at interval;

Produce second channel detection field after protecting at interval this another.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the theory diagram according to a wireless communication system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the theory diagram according to a Wireless Telecom Equipment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the theory diagram according to another Wireless Telecom Equipment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the theory diagram according to a radio frequency sending set of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the theory diagram according to a radio-frequency transmitter of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the theory diagram according to an access point of communicating by letter with Wireless Telecom Equipment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the description figure according to a kind of radio communication of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the description figure according to a kind of MIMO radio communication of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is the description figure according to the preface information for the frame of cyclic shift between two transmitting antennas of the present invention;

Figure 10 is the description figure according to the preface information that is applicable to sparse code element and double-tone frame frequently for cyclic shift between two transmitting antennas of the present invention;

Figure 11 is the description figure according to the preface information for the frame of cyclic shift between three transmitting antennas of the present invention;

Figure 12 is used for the description figure of the preface information of the frame of cyclic shift between three transmitting antennas according to of the present invention another;

Figure 13 is the description figure according to the preface information that is applicable to sparse code element and double-tone frame frequently for cyclic shift between three transmitting antennas of the present invention;

Figure 14 is the description figure according to the preface information for the frame of cyclic shift between four transmitting antennas of the present invention;

Figure 15 is used for the description figure of the preface information of the frame of cyclic shift between four transmitting antennas according to of the present invention another;

Figure 16 is the description figure according to the preface information that is applicable to sparse code element and double-tone frame frequently for cyclic shift between four transmitting antennas of the present invention;

Figure 17 is the description figure according to another kind of radio communication of the present invention;

Figure 18 is the description figure according to another kind of MIMO radio communication of the present invention;

Figure 19 is the description figure of the preface information of the part for cyclic shift between two transmitting antennas according to the present invention frame that used former protocols having;

Figure 20 is the description figure of the preface information of the part for cyclic shift between three transmitting antennas according to the present invention frame that used former protocols having;

Figure 21 is the description figure of the preface information of the part for cyclic shift between four transmitting antennas according to the present invention frame that used former protocols having;

Figure 22 is the description figure according to another radio communication of the present invention;

Figure 23 is the description figure according to another MIMO radio communication of the present invention;

Figure 24 is the logic diagram according to a kind of multi-user's protocol communication method of the present invention;

Figure 25 is according to a kind of whether logic diagram of successful method of radio multi-user protocol communication of monitoring of the present invention;

Figure 26 is according to a kind of logic diagram that participates in the method for multi-protocol communication for Wireless Telecom Equipment of the present invention;

Figure 27 is to be the logic diagram of the method for Wireless Telecom Equipment participation multi-protocol communication according to another kind of the present invention;

Figure 28 is according to another logic diagram for the method for Wireless Telecom Equipment participation multiple protocol wireless communication of the present invention;

Figure 29 is with sending out two channel detection field description figure according to of the present invention;

Figure 30 sends out two channel detection field description figure together according to of the present invention another;

Figure 31 sends out two channel detection field description figure together according to of the present invention another;

Figure 32 is according to another same two channel detection field description figure of sending out of the present invention.

Embodiment

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a communication system 10, and it comprises: a plurality of base stations and/or access point 12-16, a plurality of Wireless Telecom Equipment 18-32 and the network hardware 34.Wireless Telecom Equipment 18-32 can be portable computer 18 and 26, personal digital assistant 20 and 30, PC 24 and 32 and cell phone 22 and 28.The details of relevant these Wireless Telecom Equipments will have more detailed description in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.

Base station or access point 12-16 connect 36,38 and 40 through local area network (LAN) and are connected to the network hardware 34.The network hardware 34 can be hardware such as router, switch, electric bridge, modulator-demodulator and system controller, and it connects 42 for communication system 10 provides wide area network.Each base station or access point 12-16 the antenna of an interconnection or antenna sets are arranged so that and the Wireless Telecom Equipment in its zone of living in communicate, such device is generically and collectively referred to as basic service device 9,11,13.Typically, Wireless Telecom Equipment after the registration of certain specific base stations or access point, can be accepted the service that provides from communication system 10 in 12-14.If the direct connection of point to point link, Wireless Telecom Equipment can communicate via a dedicated channel, has so just produced the network of a special use.

Typically, the base station is applicable to the communication of cell phone system and similar system, and access point is applicable to the wireless network in indoor or the building.Do not consider concrete communication system kind, each Wireless Telecom Equipment all will have a synthetic wireless device or/and be connected on the wireless device.This wireless device comprises a ultra-linear amplifier or/and multistage amplifier able to programme, and the effect of this amplifier is to improve performance, reduces cost, reduces volume and/or strengthens broadband application.

Fig. 2 is a Wireless Telecom Equipment schematic diagram, and it comprises the wireless device 60 of main equipment 18-32 and an interconnection.For cell phone, wireless device 60 is a built-in assembly.And for personal digital assistant, portable computer with or/and PC, wireless device 60 can be the assembly of built-in or outside connection.

As shown in the figure, main equipment 18-32 has comprised a processing module 50, memory 52, wave point 54, input interface 58 and output interface 56.Processing module 50 and memory 52 are carried out the dependent instruction of being imported by main equipment.For example, for cellular main equipment, processing module 50 is carried out relevant communication function according to specific cellular telephony standard.

Wave point 54 can receive the data that transmit from wireless device 60, also can send data to wireless device 60.After receiving data (as the input data) from wireless device 60, wave point 54 offers processing module 50 to data being further processed, and/or routes to output interface 56.This output interface 56 can be connected to output display unit so that the data of receiving can show, and display device comprises display, monitor, loud speaker etc.Wave point 54 also can offer wireless device 60 to the data of processing module 50.Processing module 50 can receive and come from input equipment through the data of input interface 58 inputs, also can oneself produce data, and input equipment then comprises keyboard, keypad, microphone etc.For the data that receive through input interface 58, processing module 50 has corresponding host function, and through wave point 54 data is sent to wireless device 60 after handling.

Wireless device 60 comprises: main interface 62, digital received processing module 64, memory 75, Digital Transmission processing module 76 and a wireless transceiver.Wireless transceiver comprises: analogue-to-digital converters 66, a filtering/gain module 68, a frequency reducing modular converter 70, a receiving filtration device 71, a low noise amplifier 72, a transmission/reception change over switch 73, a local oscillating module 74, a digital-analog convertor 78, a filtering/gain module 80, a up-conversion module 82, a power amplifier 84, a transmission filter 85 and an antenna 86.Antenna 86 can be to be transmitted/transfer path of receiving key 73 controls and the individual antenna that RX path is shared, and also can be the antenna sets that transfer path and RX path are independently used.Concrete which kind of antenna that adopts depends on the specific criteria that Wireless Telecom Equipment adopts.

Digital received processing module 64 and Digital Transmission processing module 76 are synthesized the operational order that is stored in 75 li of memories after the processing, finish digital received functions of modules and Digital Transmission functions of modules respectively according to one or more wireless communication standards, and further finish one or more aspects of function described in Fig. 3-11.The digital received function includes but are not limited to: digital intermediate frequency is forwarded to base band, demodulation, constellation de-mapping, decoding or/and descrambling.The numeral transmitting function includes but are not limited to: discharge and disturb frequency, coding, constellation reflection, modulate and digital baseband is transformed into intermediate frequency.Digital received processing module 64 and Digital Transmission processing module 76 can adopt three kinds of modes to build up: use a shared treatment facility, each is with a treatment facility and use a plurality for the treatment of facilities.Such treatment facility can be that microprocessor, microcontroller, digital signal processor, microcomputer, central processing unit, field programmable gate array, programmable logic device, state machine, logical circuit, analog circuit, digital circuit and other are any can be by the equipment of operational order control signal (analog signal and digital signal).Memory 75 can be single memory, also can be memory set.These memories can be read-only memory, random access memory, volatile memory, nonvolatile memory, static memory, dynamic memory, flash memory or/and other any equipment that can storage of digital information.Notice when 64 or 76 processing modules when state machine, analog circuit, digital circuit or a logical circuit are brought into play its one or more function, the memory that is storing associative operation instruction will embed in the circuit that is produced by state machine, analog circuit, digital circuit and/or logical circuit and go.

In the practical operation, wireless device 60 receives from main equipment and sends the external data of importing through main interface 62 94.Main interface 62 sends external data 94 to Digital Transmission processing module 76, and Digital Transmission processing module 76 obtains digital transmission form data 96 after handling external data 94 according to specific wireless communication standard (such as IEEE802.11 and related versions, bluetooth and related versions) then.Digital transmission form data 96 are digital baseband signal or lower digital medium-frequency signal.Here said than Low Medium Frequency refer in particular to frequency at 100 kilo hertzs to several megahertzes.

Digital-analog convertor 78 is transformed into analog domain to digital transmission form data 96 from numeric field, and filtering/gain module 80 filters also regulates the analog signal of obtaining, and then signal is sent to intermediate frequency composite part 82.In the transmitting locally vibration 83 that intermediate frequency composite part 82 provides based on local oscillating module 74, Analog Baseband or lower intermediate-freuqncy signal are converted to radiofrequency signal.Power amplifier 84 obtains exporting radiofrequency signal 98 after radiofrequency signal is amplified, and transmits filter 85 then and it is filtered again.Radiofrequency signal 98 after the filtration is sent to the target device of base station, access point and other Wireless Telecom Equipment and so on by antenna 86.

Wireless device 60 also can receive the input radio frequency signal 88 that imports into through antenna 86 that is transmitted by base station, access point and other Wireless Telecom Equipment.Antenna 86 offers receiving filtration device 71 to input radio frequency signal 88 through transmitting/receive change over switch 73, and receiving filtration device 71 carries out band-pass filter to input radio frequency signal 88.Receiving filtration device 71 offers low noise amplifier 72 to the radiofrequency signal 88 after filtering, and just obtains the input radio frequency signal of an amplification after the amplification.Low noise amplifier 72 offers intermediate frequency mixing module 70 to the input radio frequency signals that amplify, in the reception local oscillations 81 that intermediate frequency mixing module 70 provides based on local oscillating module 74 directly the input radio frequency signal that amplifies convert to input than Low Medium Frequency signal or baseband signal.Intermediate frequency mixing module 70 offers filtering/gain module 68 to input than Low Medium Frequency signal or baseband signal, and filtering/gain module 68 obtains an input signal after the filtration to input than Low Medium Frequency signal or baseband signal filtration and after obtaining.

Analogue-to-digital converters 66 are transformed into numeric field to the input signal after filtering by analog domain and just obtain digital received formatted data 90.The specific wireless communication standard that digital received processing module 64 adopts according to wireless device 60 is decoded, after descrambling, de-mapping and the demodulation, has just been recovered input data 92 digital received formatted data 90.Main interface 62 offers equipment 18-32 to the input data 92 after recovering through wave point 54.

As one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that, Wireless Telecom Equipment shown in Figure 2 can be implemented with one or more integrated circuits.For instance, main equipment can be finished with an integrated circuit, digital received processing module 64, Digital Transmission processing module 76 and memory 75 can be finished with second integrated circuit, can finish with the 3rd integrated circuit except antenna 86 other assemblies in the wireless device 60; Another mode is: integrated circuit of 60 usefulness of wireless device is just finished; Also have a kind of mode to be: it can be the common process equipment on the integrated circuit that the processing module 50 in the main equipment, digital received processing module 64 and numeral transmit processing module 76, memory 52 and memory 75 can be independent integrated circuits, and/or can be module integrated in same integrated circuit with the common process of processing module 50, digital received processing module 64, numeral transmission processing module 76 these three devices compositions.

Fig. 3 is a Wireless Telecom Equipment schematic diagram, and shown Wireless Telecom Equipment has comprised the main equipment and a wireless device that links to each other 60 of 18-32 equipment.For cell phone, wireless device 60 is built-in assemblies.And for the main frame of personal digital assistant, portable computer and PC, wireless device 60 can be built-in assembly, also can be an outside assembly that connects.

Wireless device 60 comprises a main interface 62, baseband processing module 63, memory 65,67,69,71, transmission/receiver modules 73 of a plurality of radio frequency sending set, a plurality of antenna 81,83,85,75,77,79 and local oscillating module 99 of a plurality of radio-frequency transmitters.Can separate after the operational order of baseband processing module 63 in being stored in memory 65 is combined and finish digital received function and digital transmitting function.The digital received function includes but are not limited to: digital intermediate frequency is transformed into base band, demodulation, constellation de-mapping, decoding, solution intersection, fast fourier transform, cyclic-prefix move, space-time is decoded and descrambling.The numeral transmitting function includes but are not limited to: discharge to disturb that frequency, coding, intersection, constellation reflection, modulation, anti-fast fourier transform, cyclic-prefix are appended, space-time code and digital baseband is transformed into intermediate frequency.Baseband processing module 63 can realize that such treatment facility can be with one or more treatment facilities: can be by the equipment of operational order control signal (analog signal and digital signal) but microprocessor, microcontroller, digital signal processor, microcomputer, central processing unit field programmable gate array, programmable logic device, state machine, logical circuit, analog circuit, digital circuit and other are any.Memory 66 can be single memory, also can be memory set.These memories can be: any equipment that can storage of digital information of read-only memory, random access memory, volatile memory, nonvolatile memory, static memory, dynamic memory, flash memory and other.Notice that the memory that is storing the associative operation instruction will embed in the circuit that is produced by state machine, analog circuit, digital circuit or logical circuit and go when 63 processing modules are brought into play its one or more function via a state machine, analog circuit, digital circuit or logical circuit.

In the operation, wireless device 60 receives from main equipment and sends the output data of importing through main interface 62 87.Baseband processing module 63 based on mode select signal 101, can produce one or more output code flow filaments 89 after receiving output data 87.Mode select signal 101 represents certain specific pattern on the model selection table.Such as, in the table 1, mode select signal 101 represent a frequency band be 2.4G hertz, channel width be 20 or 22M hertz, Maximum Bit Rate be per second 54M bit.In the summary table, mode select signal can represent scope at per second 1M bit to certain the specific bit rate between the per second 54M bit.In addition, mode select signal is also representing the modulation of certain particular type, and the type of these modulation includes but are not limited to: Barker code modulation, binary phase shift keying, Quadrature Phase Shift Keying, complementary code keying, 16 ary quadrature phase shift keyings and 64 ary quadrature phase shift keyings.Table 1 has also been illustrated: when encoding rate is provided, the quantity of following index also is provided simultaneously: susceptibility (need reach a target packet loss, such as IEEE802.11a is 10%), adjacent channel inhibition (ACR) quantity and the adjacent channel alternately of the data bit bit quantity (NDBPS) of the coded-bit bit quantity (NBPSC) of each secondary carrying ripple, the coded-bit bit quantity (NCBPS) of each orthogonal frequency-division multiplex singal, each orthogonal frequency-division multiplex singal, decibel error vector number, the maximum receiving ability of expression suppress (AACR) quantity.

This mode select signal also can represent the particular channelization of associative mode, and table 2 has been explained associative mode information in the table 1.Channel quantity and relevant intermediate frequency have been comprised in the table 2.Mode select signal can also represent the probability density mask value, and table 3 has been explained the probability density mask value in the table 1.It is that 5G hertz, channel width are that 20M hertz, Maximum Bit Rate are per second 54M bit that mode select signal in the table 4 can also represent a frequency band.If this is a specific model selection, channelizing is explained in table 5.In addition, it is that 2.4G hertz, channel width are that 20M hertz, Maximum Bit Rate are per second 192M bit that mode select signal 102 can also represent a frequency band, and this is explained in table 6.Used a plurality of antennas to obtain higher bandwidth in the table 6, in this case, model selection is also representing the quantity of institute's use antenna.Table 7 has been set forth the demultiplexing of configuration in the table 6.Table 8 has been set forth another model selection, and frequency band is that 2.4G hertz, channel width are that 20M hertz, Maximum Bit Rate are per second 192M bit in this model selection.Correspondingly, comprised the Space Time Coding rate that adopts 2-4 antenna and appointment in the table 8 after scope at the various bit rates of per second 12M bit to per second 216M bit.Table 9 has been set forth demultiplexing for table 8.Mode select signal 102 can also be represented the certain operational modes of elaboration in the table 10, and the frequency band of this specific operator scheme is that 5G hertz, channel width are that 40M hertz, Maximum Bit Rate are per second 486M bit.In the table 10, adopt the scope of bit rate after 1-4 antenna and the corresponding Space Time Coding rate can be at per second 13.5M bit between per second 486 bits.Table 10 has also been set forth coded-bit quantity (NBPSC) value of certain modulation schemes encoding rate and each subcarrier.Table 11 provides the probability density mask for table 10, and table 12 provides demultiplexing for table 10.

Baseband processing module 63 produces one or more output code flow filaments 89 based on mode select signal 101 from output data 88.For example, be used for selected AD HOC if mode select signal 101 is representing single transmitting antenna, baseband processing module 63 will produce single output code flow filament 89.Perhaps, if mode select signal is representing 2,3 or 4 antennas, baseband processing module 63 will produce 2 relevant with antenna number from output data 88,3 or 4 output symbol streams 89.

Dependence is by the quantity of the output code flow filament of baseband module 63 generations, and the radio frequency sending set 67,69,71 of respective numbers just can convert output code flow filament 89 to output radiofrequency signal 91.Radio frequency sending set 67,69, the process of 71 conversions will have further description in Fig. 4.Transmission/receiver module 73

offers corresponding antenna

81,83,85 to each radiofrequency signal after receiving output radiofrequency signal 91.

When wireless device 60 was in receiving mode, transmission/receiver module 73 received through

antenna

81,83, the 85 one or more input radio frequency signals that transmit.Transmission/receiver module 73 offers one or more radio-

frequency transmitters

75,77,79 to input radio frequency signal 93.About radio-

frequency transmitter

75,77,79 will have more detailed description in Fig. 4, and it converts input radio frequency signal 93 to the input code flow filament 95 of respective numbers.The quantity of incoming symbol stream 95 relevant with the AD HOC of received data (recall: the pattern of employing can be to show any in the pattern shown among the 1-12).Baseband processing module 63 is received input code flow filament 89 and they is converted to input data 97 that input data 97 send main equipment 18-32 to through main interface 62.

As one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that, Wireless Telecom Equipment shown in Figure 3 can be finished with one or more integrated circuits.For instance, main equipment can be finished with an integrated circuit, and baseband processing module 63 and memory 65 can be finished with second integrated circuit, in the wireless device 60 except

antenna

81,83,85 other assembly can finish with the 3rd integrated circuit; Another mode is: integrated circuit of 60 usefulness of whole wireless device is just finished; Also have a kind of mode to be: the processing module 50 in the main equipment and baseband processing module 63 can be a common process equipment that adopts integrated circuit to finish, memory 52 and memory 75 can be independent integrated circuits then, also can be module integrated in same integrated circuit with the common process of processing module 50 and baseband processing module 63 these two devices compositions.

Fig. 4 is the theory diagram of a radio frequency sending set 67,69,71.Radio frequency sending set comprises: digital filtering and upstream sampling module 475, a numeral-analog conversion module 477, an analog filters 479, a up-conversion module 481, a power amplifier 483 and a radio frequency filter 485.After digital filtering and upstream sampling module 475 are received an output code flow filament 89, digitlization is filtered, then just obtaining filtering code flow filament 487 behind the ratio of ratio upstream sampling to an expectation of code element stream.Digital-to-analog modular converter 477 converts filtering code flow filament 487 to analog signal 489.Analog signal comprises a synchronous composition and an orthogonal component.

Analog signal 491 after obtaining filtering after analog filters 479 is filtered analog signal 489.Up-conversion module 481 comprises a pair of blender and a filter, and the analog signal 491 after it will filter obtains high-frequency signal 495 with after the local oscillations 493 that is produced by local oscillating module 99 mixes.The frequency dependence of the frequency of high-frequency signal 495 and radiofrequency signal 492.

The high-frequency signal 497 that power amplifier 483 obtains amplifying after high-frequency signal 495 is amplified.As the radio frequency filter 485 of high-frequency band pass filter, with the output radiofrequency signal 91 that just obtains after high-frequency signal 497 filtrations of amplifying expecting.

As one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that, radio frequency sending set 67,69, each in 71 all comprised one to the described similar frame of Fig. 4, and comprised a shutdown mechanism.This mechanism makes when not needing specific radio frequency to transmit, and just can stop to transmit, and like this, just can not produce interference signal and noise.

Fig. 5 is radio-

frequency transmitter

75,77, the theory diagram one of in 79.In this embodiment, each radio-frequency transmitter comprises: 503, one of radio frequency filters 501, a low noise amplifier (LNA) be able to programme to obtain 505, frequency reducing modular converters 507 of amplifier (PGA), analog filters 509, analog-digital conversion module 511 and digital filtering and descending sampling module 513.As the radio frequency filter 501 of high-frequency band pass filter, behind reception and the filtration input radio frequency signal 93, the input radio frequency signal after just obtaining filtering.Low noise amplifier 503 on the deriving means is amplifying the input radio frequency signal 93 after filtering, and amplifying signal is offered the amplifier 505 that obtains able to programme.The amplifier 505 that obtains able to programme further offers frequency reducing modular converter 507 93 amplifications of input radio frequency signal and it.

Frequency reducing modular converter 507 is made up of a pair of blender, a synthesis module and a filter, and it with after the local oscillations that is produced by local oscillating module (LO) mixes, just obtains analog baseband signal with the input radio frequency signal.Analog filters 509 offers analog-digital conversion module 511 to them after analog baseband signal is filtered again, and analog-digital conversion module 511 converts them to digital signal again.Digital filtering and descending sampling module 513 are regulated its sample rate and are just obtained input code flow filament 95 after digital signal is filtered.

Fig. 6 be one with Wireless Telecom Equipment 25,27, the theory diagram of access point 12-16 of 29 communications.Wireless Telecom Equipment 25,27,29 can be any among the equipment 18-32 described in the figure one to figure three.Among the figure, access point 12-16 comprises: processing module 15, memory 17 and a wireless transceiver 19.Wireless transceiver 19 has following feature: the wireless transceiver of each Wireless Telecom Equipment can be similar on the frame; In maximum magnitude or in the basic service device, comprise the required a plurality of antennas of multi-user wireless communication system, a plurality of transfer path and a plurality of RX path.Processing module 15 can be single treatment facility, also can be a plurality for the treatment of facilities.Such treatment facility can be: can be by the equipment of operational order control signal (analog signal and digital signal) but microprocessor, microcontroller, digital signal processor, microcomputer, central processing unit field programmable gate array, programmable logic device, state machine, logical circuit, analog circuit, digital circuit and other are any.Memory 17 can be single memory device, also can be a plurality of memory devices.Such memory device can be read-only memory, random access memory, volatile memory, nonvolatile memory, static memory, dynamic memory, flash memory, cache memory and/or other any equipment that can preserve digital information.Notice when processing module 15 is brought into play its one or more function by state machine, analog circuit, digital circuit and/or a logical circuit, the memory that is storing the associative operation instruction will embed wherein, or is external to the circuit that is produced by state machine, analog circuit, digital circuit and/or logical circuit.Memory 17 and processing module 15 preserve respectively and execution graph 7-32 described in the part correlation step and the operational order of correlation function.

Among the figure, each Wireless Telecom Equipment 25,27,29 all uses a kind of different wireless communication protocol.Wireless Telecom Equipment 25 adopts A35 communication protocol, and Wireless Telecom Equipment 27 adopts B37 communication protocol, and Wireless Telecom Equipment 29 adopts C39 communication protocol.For example, A, B, C can be three agreements relevant with the different editions of IEEE 802.11 standards.For example, agreement A is relevant with IEEE 802.11b, and agreement B is relevant with IEEE 802.11g, and agreement C is relevant with IEEE 802.11n.

These agreements need sort according to an agreement sequencing table, and this agreement sequencing table is arranged agreement A, agreement B, agreement C according to the order of sequence.Such ordering can be according to the historical order of relevant each agreement, and like this, first agreement in the sequencing table is exactly the oldest standard, and in the agreement sequencing table last is up-to-date standard.For example, among the figure, agreement A is relevant with IEEE 802.11b, and agreement B is relevant with IEEE 802.11g, and agreement C is relevant with IEEE 802.11n.Perhaps, the agreement sequencing table can sort based on the program of a user and system manager's definition.Such as, when agreement A was used for the wireless communication system that has built up, if owing to causing the quantity of transmission error code big to the degree that can not put up with by the identifying information frame, the user can select to adopt agreement B form to set up wireless communication system.This conception of species will have more detailed description in remaining accompanying drawing.

In service, in the central area, access point 12-16 and/or each Wireless Telecom Equipment 25,27,29 are determined the agreement that Wireless Telecom Equipment uses.Retrieval may comprise the central area of basic service setting and/or adjacent basic service setting and/or these direct or interim Wireless Telecom Equipment direct communication networks.In case each Wireless Telecom Equipment has been determined communication protocol, which kind of agreement access point 12-16 and/or Wireless Telecom Equipment 25-29 just get on to determine to use radio communication is set on the protocol instructions basis.Such as, if agreement A is IEEE 802.11b, communication equipment can use MAC level protection mechanism to set up radio communication, this can be described in further detail in Figure 22.Like this, each Wireless Telecom Equipment can use agreement A to arrange or set up radio communication, in this radio communication, existing equipment can identify the radio communication set up and can identify radio communication the duration, for fear of conflict, can not send during this period.

In case arrange or set up radio communication, in communication thereafter, communication equipment just uses agreement (such as agreement A) selected from protocol instructions to transmit data.Wireless Telecom Equipment 27 use agreement A arrange a radio communication and use agreement B to transmit corresponding data then in radio communication.Similarly, Wireless Telecom Equipment 29 uses agreement A to set up or radio communication is set and uses agreement C to transmit data then in radio communication.

Persons of ordinary skill in the art may appreciate that and arrange so and also use identical agreement with transfer of data if the central area includes only the Wireless Telecom Equipment that uses same protocol.Those of ordinary skill in the art should also be understood that if the central area has only two different agreements, can select old agreement as the agreement that arranges.

Fig. 7 is the description figure of radio communication between two

Wireless Telecom Equipments

100 and 102 in the central area of only using IEEE 802.11n agreement.Radio communication can be directly (from Wireless Telecom Equipment to another Wireless Telecom Equipment) or indirectly (Wireless Telecom Equipment to an access point of clump is again to another Wireless Telecom Equipment) carry out.In this example, Wireless Telecom Equipment 100 provides frame 104 to Wireless Telecom Equipment 102.Frame 104 comprises a radio communication configuration information field 106 and data division 108.Radio communication configuration information part 106 comprises the first additional long training sequence 159 that 157, one 4 microseconds of the long short training sequence of 8 microseconds are long, and it is a plurality of additional long training sequences 161 one of them, and signal field 163 is that 4 microseconds are long.Notice that the number that replenishes long training sequence 159,161 is consistent with the number of antennas of using in MIMO radio communication.

The data division of frame 104 comprises a plurality of data symbols 165,167,169 that continue 4 microseconds.Last data symbols 169 also comprises position, end and the filler an of necessity.

Fig. 8 is the description figure of radio communication between two

Wireless Telecom Equipments

100 and 102 in the central area of only using IEEE 802.11n agreement.Radio communication can be directly (from Wireless Telecom Equipment to another Wireless Telecom Equipment) or indirectly (Wireless Telecom Equipment to an access point of clump is again to another Wireless Telecom Equipment) carry out.In this example, Wireless Telecom Equipment 100 uses multiple antenna #1-#N to offer more than 102 frame 104-1 of Wireless Telecom Equipment, 104-2,104-N.Frame 104-1,104-2, each among the 104-N all comprises a radio communication configuration information field 106 and a data part 108.The radio communication configuration information partly comprises the first additional long training sequence 159 that 157, one 4 microseconds of short training sequence of 8 microseconds are long, and it is a plurality of additional long training sequences 161 one of them, and signal field 163 is that 4 microseconds are long.Notice that the number that replenishes long training sequence 159,161 is consistent with the number of antennas of using in the multiple-input, multiple-output radio communication.

In this example, have only when .11n equipment exists, targeting signal (referring to " undeveloped place " sometimes) is just arranged.Perhaps, when adopting MAC level (RTS/CTS or independent CTS) protection, existing equipment (.11 .11a .11b, and .11g) can use targeting signal.(when very long character group can not be protected in original base station, also can use the protection of MAC level).

Short training sequence 157 can be identical with the TX antenna among the 802.11a.Be the version of the cyclic shift of same sequence for antenna 2 to N.Under preferred pattern, the quantity of the cyclic shift of each antenna is calculated with nanosecond by (number of antennas-1) * 800/N.For 1 antenna, displacement is zero.To 2 antennas, antenna 1 displacement is 0ns and 400ns.To 3 antennas, displacement is 0,250, and 500ns.To 4 antennas, displacement is 0,200,400, and 600ns.When the about 50ns of displacement (upset of code element clock frequency), carry out very simple.The displacement or forward or backward.

Replenish long training sequence 159, the possibility of several execution 161:(m=1) is arranged.In this case, has only a long training sequence 159.To antenna 1,802.11a long training sequence 159 is identical but has only 4 microseconds long, comprises the protection of 0.8 microsecond at interval.Be the cyclic shift scheme of same sequence for antenna 2 to N.Under preferred pattern, the number of times of each antenna cyclic shift calculates by (antenna number-1) * 4/N with microsecond.To 1 antenna, displacement is 0.To 2 antennas, the displacement of antenna 1 is 0 and 4us.To 3 antennas, displacement is 0,2.65us, 5.35us.To 4 antennas, displacement is 0,2,4 and 6 microseconds.Again, when the about 50ns of displacement (upset of code element clock frequency), carry out very simple.Or displacement forward or backward.

For (m=N), training sequence number and number of transmit antennas equate.This is preferably under (m=1) situation, because this will reduce channel estimation error when receiving, particularly to very many antennas.Therefore be telescopic.Training sequence has two possible selections:

Kernel---in this case, sequence (1,1), (2,2), (3,3) ... to (N is identical with the 802.11a long training sequence N).All other ((1,2), (2,1) etc.) sequence all be empty-in those time slots, do not transmit any data.

The subchannel sky---in this case, the set of the subchannel in training sequence is launched antenna number and segments.Single subclass is activated in each son training at interval.

The orthogonal matrix (such as the matrix that produces discrete Fourier transform (DFT)) that multiply by a m*m by the subcarrier of the long sequence of 802.11a obtains an orthogonal sequence.

Fig. 9 is a frame 104-1 who utilizes the cyclic shift of two antennas, the description figure of the preface information of 104-2.The communication equipment of central area includes only the equipment that meets 802.11a.Preface information is the part of radio communication configuration information, and it comprises 157, one long training sequences of a short training sequence (STS) (LTS) 159﹠amp; 224 and data fields of 161, one signal fields (SIG1) or another signal field 228.To first antenna frame 104-1, STS 157 has been divided into two parts code element 232,234.In example, STS157 comprises the code element of the 800ns of 10 of instructions of every 802.11x in the past.The LTS 159﹠amp of first antenna frame 104-1; 161 comprise two protections interval (GI2) 236 of a lasting 1600ns, are equivalent to consider in advance LTS 159﹠amp; 161 o'clock, LTS 159﹠amp; 161 continue 1600ns.

The LTS 159﹠amp of first antenna frame 104-1; 161 comprise that meets twice repetition long training sequence of 802.11x version command in the past, and wherein the double-tone frequency division of LTS becomes 238 and 240.The information of discussing before signal field 224 and optional second field 228 comprise, opened in 220 and 226 minutes at its protected interval (GI).

The preface information of second antenna frame 104-2 comprises and the similar part of the preface information of first antenna, but STS 157 and LTS 159﹠amp; The 161st, cyclic shift.As shown, in STS 157, second part of code element 234 is prior to first part of code element 234, and the preface information of this sequential and first antenna is opposite.Show that further STS 157 comprises 10 code elements divided into two parts, first comprises code element 0-5, and second part comprises code element 6-9.To first antenna, the first of code element 232 is just prior to second portion 234, and to second antenna, second portion 234 is just prior to first 232.In example, cyclic shift may be 400-1600ns.

Each LTS field 159﹠amp; 161 LTS pattern can be divided into two parts 238,240 as shown.To first antenna frame 104-1, double-tone frequently 238 first just prior to double-tone 240 second portion frequently.To second antenna frame 104-2, second portion 240 is just prior to first 238.Like this, the LTS 159﹠amp of second antenna frame 104-2; The LTS159﹠amp of 161 first antenna frame of expression 104-1; 161 cyclic shift.

Figure 10 is a frame 104-1, and 104-2 adopts the description figure of the preface information of the multi-form cyclic shift of using phase place code element and/or double-tone transmitting antenna frequently.The communication equipment here is in the central area that includes only the equipment that meets 802.11n.Preface information is the part of radio communication configuration information 106, and comprises 157, one long training sequences of a short training sequence (STS) (LTS) 159﹠amp; 224, one data fields of 161, one signal fields (SIG1) or another signal field 228 and two protection intervals 220,226.In this example, the code element separated into two parts 232,234 of STS 157.First 232 is included among first antenna frame 104-1, and the second portion 234 of code element is included among second antenna frame 104-2.Illustration comprises that one is divided into 232,234 example to code element, and in this example, STS157 comprises 10 code elements according to version 802.11x instruction before each.The LTS 159﹠amp of first antenna frame 104-1; 161 comprise two protections interval (GI2) 236 of a lasting 1600ns, and when being equivalent to consider LTS in advance, LTS continues 1600ns.

LTS 159﹠amp; 161 comprise that twice of being equivalent to 802.11x instruction in the past repeats long training sequence, and the double-tone frequency division of LTS becomes two parts 238,240.Double-tone first 238 frequently is included among first antenna frame 104-1, and double-tone second portion 240 frequently is included among second antenna frame 104-2.

Figure 11 is a frame 104-1 who uses the triantennary of cyclic shift, the description figure of-2 ,-3 preface information.The communication equipment here is the central area that meets 802.11n equipment including only.Preface information is the part of radio communication configuration information, and it comprises 157, one long training sequences of a short training sequence (STS) (LTS) 159﹠amp; 224 and data fields of 161, one signal fields (SIG1) or another signal field 228 and two protection intervals 220,226.To first antenna frame 104-1, STS 157 has been divided into three parts 250,252,254.In example, STS 157 comprises 10 code elements according to the 800ns of version 802.11x instruction before each, such as, first comprises code element 0-2, and second portion 252 comprises code element 3-5, and third part 254 comprises code element 6-9.As one of general skill of present technique, should be appreciated that the set of symbols that to use other.

The LTS 159﹠amp of first antenna frame 104-1; 161 comprise two protections interval (GI2) 236 of a lasting 1600ns, are equivalent to consider in advance LTS159﹠amp; 161 o'clock, LTS continued 1600ns.LTS159﹠amp; 161 comprise that meets twice repetition long training sequence of 802.11x version command in the past, and the double-tone frequency division of LTS becomes three parts 256,258,260 herein.The information of discussing before signal field 224 and optional second field 228 comprise.

The preface information 104-2 of second antenna and the 3rd antenna ,-3 comprise the similar part of preface information with first antenna 104-1, but STS 157 and/or LTS 159﹠amp; The 161st, cyclic shift.As shown, for each antenna frame 104-1 ,-2 ,-3, three code element parts 250,252,254th are recycled displacement successively.In example, cyclic shift may be 400-1600ns.

Each LTS field 159﹠amp; 161 LTS pattern can be divided into two parts 256,258,260 as shown, and to first antenna frame 104-1, the first of double-tone frequency 256 is just prior to double-tone second portion 258 and third part 260 frequently.To second antenna frame 104-2, second portion 258 is just prior to first 256 and third part 260.To the 3rd antenna frame 104-3, third part 260 is just prior to first 258 and second portion 258.Like this, second and the 3rd antenna frame 104-2 ,-3 LTS159﹠amp; The 161st, about the LTS 159﹠amp of first antenna frame 104-1; 161 cyclic shifts.

Figure 12 is to use the frame 104-1 of three transmitting antennas of cyclic shift, and another of-2 ,-3 preface information described figure, comprises an original part and an additional part.Original part comprises and is divided into three part code elements 250,252,254, STS 157 and be divided into the LTS159﹠amp of two groups of audio-frequency units 238,240; 161.Additional part comprises a protection interval 274 and comprises unique LTS pattern of first and second group audio-frequency unit 276,278.

In this example, s1..s2 is k*200ns cyclic shift s0.The k=1..2 here and s1..s2 accord with antenna frame 104-1 separately, the code element of-2 ,-3 STS field 157.LTS 159﹠amp; Training symbol (3.2 microseconds add 1.6 microseconds prior to GI2 236) when 161 double-tone, two parts 238,240 frequently accord with original 802.11a standard long, each right 238 and 240 all equates.Second antenna frame 104-2LTS 159﹠amp; 161 double-tone, two parts of part 238,240 frequently all is double-tone 238,240 two parts frequently that continue first antenna frame of 1.6 microsecond cyclic shifts.First, second part of 238,240 of the LTS pattern of the additional LTS of the 3rd antenna frame 104-3 and first antenna frame 104-1 is the same, and considers GI2 274 (continuing 1.6 microseconds) in advance.Have only first data symbols (DATA0) 272 that the GI2 270 (continuing 1.6 microseconds) of consideration is in advance arranged.All subsequent data code elements have the GI (continuing 800ns) that considers in advance.GI2 field 274 is used for allowing to arrange power amplifier prior to replenishing LTS and GI2 field 270 prior to first data symbols (DATA0).

Figure 13 is a description figure who uses the preface information of cyclic shift form frame, comprises to three transmitting antenna frame 104-1, and-2 ,-3 sparse code element and/or double-tone frequency, communication equipment is herein including only the central area that meets 802.11n equipment.Preface information is the part of radio communication configuration information, and it comprises 157, one long training sequences of a short training sequence (STS) (LTS) 159﹠amp; 224 and data fields of 161, one signal fields (SIG1) or another signal field 228 and two protection intervals 220,226.In this example, code element STS 157 is divided into three parts 280,282,284.First is included among first antenna frame 104-1, and second part 282 is included among second antenna frame 104-2, and the 3rd part 284 is included among the 3rd the antenna frame 104-3.Figure has comprised the example of code element part.In the example, STS 157 comprises 10 code elements of every instruction of 802.11x in the past.In this example, first part 280 can comprise

code element

0,3,6, and second portion can comprise

code element

1,4,7, and third part 284 can comprise code element 2,5,8.

The LTS 159﹠amp of first antenna frame 104-1; 161 comprise two protections interval (GI2) 236 of a lasting 1600ns, are equivalent to consider in advance LTS159﹠amp; 161 o'clock, LTS continued 1600ns.LTS 159﹠amp; 161 comprise that meets twice repetition long training sequence 159﹠amp of 802.11x version command in the past; 161, and the double-tone frequency division of LTS becomes three parts 286,288,290 herein.Double-tone first 286 frequently is included among first antenna frame 104-1, and double-tone second part 288 frequently is included among second antenna frame 104-2, and double-tone the 3rd part 290 frequently is included among the 3rd the antenna frame 104-3.For example, if a long training sequence comprises 15 double-tones frequently, first 286 can comprise 0,3,6,9,12, and second portion 288 can comprise 1,4,7,10,13, and third part 290 can comprise 2,5,8,11,14.

Figure 14 is the frame 104-1 of four transmitting antenna cyclic shifts ,-2 ,-3, and the description figure of-4 preface information.As shown, STS 157 is divided into four code element parts 300,302,304,306 and/or LTS159﹠amp; 161 are divided into four part double-tones frequency 308,310,312,314.For each antenna frame 104-1 ,-2 ,-3 ,-4, code element part 300,302,304,306 all be shifted circularly and/or double-tone frequently part 308,310,312,314 all be to be shifted circularly.

Figure 15 is the frame 104-1 of four transmitting antenna cyclic shifts ,-2 ,-3, and another of-4 preface information described figure.In this example, s1..s3 is k*200ns cyclic shift s0, and the k=1..3 here and s1..s3 accord with the code element part 300,302,304,306 of STS field 157.First and second antenna frame 104-1 ,-2 LTS 159﹠amp; 161 and signal field 224 with reference to the argumentation among Figure 12.The additional LTS of the frame 104-3 of the 3rd antenna comprises first and second parts 238,240, and they are the LTS 159﹠amp with the frame 104-1 of first antenna; Two parts 238,240 of 161 are the same, and consider GI 236 (continuing 1.6 microseconds) in advance.The additional LTS of the frame 104-4 of the 4th antenna comprises first and second parts 238,240 of the frame 104-2 of second antenna, and considers GI 236 (continuing 1.6 microseconds) in advance.In other words, the LTS of the frame 104-4 of the 4th antenna is the cyclic shift of 1.6 microseconds of the additional LTS of the 3rd antenna.First data symbols (DATA0) 272 has been considered GI2 270 (continuing 1.6 microseconds) in advance.All data symbols have all been considered GI (continuing for 800 nanoseconds) in advance.

Figure 16 is to use the description figure of the frame preamble information of the sparse code element of cyclic shift and/or double-tone four transmitting antennas frequently, and communication equipment is herein including only the central area that meets 802.11n equipment.Preface information is the part of radio communication configuration information, and it comprises 157, one long training sequences of a short training sequence (STS) (LTS) 159﹠amp; 224 and data fields of 161, one signal fields (SIG1) or another signal field 228 and two protection intervals 220,226.In this example, code element STS 157 is divided into four parts 320,322,324,326.First 320 is included among first antenna frame 104-1, and second part 322 is included among second antenna frame 104-2, and the 3rd part 324 is included among the 3rd the antenna frame 104-3, and third part 326 is included among the 4th the antenna frame 104-4.Figure has comprised the example of code element part.In the example, STS 157 comprises 10 code elements of every instruction of 802.11x in the past.For example, first part 320 can comprise code element 0,4, and second portion 322 can comprise code element 1,3, and third part 324 can comprise code element 2,6, and the 4th part 326 can comprise code element 3,7.

The LTS 159﹠amp of first antenna frame 104-1; 161 comprise two protections interval (GI2) 236 of a lasting 1600ns, are equivalent to consider in advance LTS159﹠amp; 161 o'clock, LTS continued 1600ns.LTS 159﹠amp; 161 comprise that meets twice repetition long training sequence 159﹠amp of 802.11x version command in the past; 161, and the double-tone frequency division of LTS becomes four parts 328,330,332,334 herein.Double-tone first 328 frequently is included among first antenna frame 104-1, double-tone second part 330 frequently is included among second antenna frame 104-2, double-tone the 3rd part 332 frequently is included among the 3rd the antenna frame 104-3, and double-tone the 4th part 334 frequently is included among the 4th the antenna frame 104-4.For example, if a long training sequence comprises 20 double-tones frequently, first 328 can comprise 0,4,8,12,16, and second portion 330 can comprise 1,5,9,13,17, and third part 332 can comprise 2,6,10,14, and 18, the four parts 334 can comprise 3,7,11,15,19.Notice when use replenishing the LTS field that the double-tone under LTS pattern frequently can only separated into two parts.

Figure 17 be one between the description figure of the radio communication of two Wireless Telecom Equipments 100 and 102.These two equipment meet IEEE 802.11n.Communication occurs in and comprises and meet 802.11n, 802.11a and/or in the central area of the equipment of 802.11g. in this example, the frame 110 here comprises original configuration information 112 parts, residue configuration information part 114 and data division 108, and radio communication can be direct or indirect.

Configuration information 112 old parts comprise that 157, one of a short training sequence that continue 8 microseconds continues the long training sequence 171 of 8 microseconds and the signal field 173 of lasting 4 microseconds.As known to, signal field 173 comprises the position of several 110 duration of expression frame.Like this, the equipment that meets the equipment of IEEE 802.11a and meet IEEE 802.11g in the central area just can identify the frame that just is being transmitted and remainder that needn't decoded frame.In this example, old equipment (equipment that meets IEEE 802.11a and IEEE802.11g) through to original part of configuration information 112 correct decoding can avoid and meet communicating by letter of IEEE 802.11n equipment and clash.

All the other configuration informations 114 comprise the additional additional long training sequence 159,161 that continues 4 microseconds.The high data field 163 about the frame additional information of providing of 4 microseconds also is provided the residue configuration information.Data division 108 comprises data symbols 165,167,169, with the same 4 microseconds that all continue among Fig. 7.In this example, physical layer provides original protection.

Figure 18 is the description figure of a radio communication between two Wireless Telecom Equipments 100 and 102 (meeting IEEE 802.11n).The central area that communication takes place comprises the equipment that meets IEEE 802.11n, meets the equipment of 802.11a and/or meets the equipment of 802.11g.In this example, the frame 110-1 here, 100-2, each comprises original configuration information 112 parts 100-N, the data division 108 of residue configuration information part 114 and the many antennas of use, radio communication can be direct or indirect.

Configuration information 112 original parts comprise that 157, one of a short training sequence that continue 8 microseconds continues the long training sequence 171 of 8 microseconds and the signal field 173 of lasting 4 microseconds.As known to, signal field 173 comprises the position of several 110 duration of expression frame.Like this, the equipment that meets the equipment of IEEE 802.11a and meet IEEE 802.11g in the central area just can identify the frame that just is being transmitted and remainder that needn't decoded frame.In this example, existing equipment (equipment that meets IEEE 802.11a and IEEE802.11g) through to original part of configuration information 112 correct decoding can avoid and meet communicating by letter of IEEE 802.11n equipment and clash.

Residue configuration information 114 comprises the additional additional long training sequence 159,161 that continues 4 microseconds.The high data field 163 about the frame additional information of providing of 4 microseconds also is provided the residue configuration information.Data division 108 comprises data symbols 165,167,169, with the same 4 microseconds that all continue among Fig. 7.In this example, physical layer provides original protection.

In example, m is the number of the long training sequence that comprises of every frame, and N is the number of transmitting antenna, and there is just usefulness in preface information (also being " Blang's field " sometimes) as .11a or .11g equipment.TX antenna 1 short training sequence is the same with long training sequence with 802.11a.Antenna 2 to N there are two kinds of possibilities:

Identical sequence is used same cyclic shift scheme.To short training sequence, the number of times of the cyclic shift of each antenna can calculate with nanosecond and passes through (antenna number-1) * 4/N and calculate with microsecond by (antenna number-1) * 800/N.

Second pattern is that the signal field that allows antenna 2 arrive the short training sequence of N transmission is sky.(just these antenna does not send when this interval).In addition, do not use the additional long training sequence of antenna 1 and do not send any information during this period.

Signal field 173 is deferred to the form of 802.11a, is set to frame and the .11n reception training subsequently of 1 expression 802.11n except reserved place (4).The long training sequence of supplementary training can define by following multiple mode:

As (m=1), has only a long supplementary training sequence 159.The long training sequence quadrature of it and 802.11a.

As (m=N-1), the number of training sequence equals the number of transmitting antenna.This method is better than the situation of (m=1), because it has less channel estimation error at receiver end, when particularly antenna amount is a lot.Therefore, it can convergent-divergent.

Training sequence has three kinds of possible selections:

Kernel---in this case, sequence (1,1), (2,2), (3,3) ..., to (m, m) all the long training sequence with 802.11a is identical.Other (such as (1,2), (2,1), etc.) all be empty-in these time slots, do not send any information.

The subchannel sky---in this case, the set of the subchannel in training sequence is launched antenna number and divides.Single subclass is activated in each son training at interval.

A kind of embodiment uses the long sharp sequence of instruction of 802.11a and m*m orthogonal dimension matrix (as producing the matrix of discrete Fourier transform (DFT)), and multiplying each other obtains orthogonal sequence, and detailed reference is arranged among Figure 29-32.As, under the situation of 4 antennas, can adopt following orthogonal matrix to produce the subcarrier of each additional long training sequence.

Figure 19 is one and is the frame 104-1 of two transmitting antenna cyclic shifts of the original part of use, the description figure of-2 preface information.As shown, STS 157 separated into two parts code elements 344,346.For example, first 344 comprises code element 0-4, and the second portion code element comprises 5-9.The next part of first antenna frame 104-1 preface information comprises 340, one protections of old LTS, 220 and signal fields 224 at interval.The additional LTS 342 of second antenna frame 104-2 is identical with the LTS of first antenna frame 104-1, but displacement in turn.

Figure 20 is one and is the frame 104-1 of three transmitting antenna cyclic shifts of the original part of use, the description figure of-2 ,-3 preface information.As mentioned previously, STS 157 is divided into three part code elements 250,252,254.The next part of first antenna frame 104-1 preface information comprises 340, one protections of original LTS, 220 and signal fields 224 at interval.The additional LTS 342 of second antenna frame 104-2 is identical with the LTS of first antenna frame 104-1, but displacement in turn.The additional LTS of the 3rd antenna frame 104-3 uses the scheme of the additional LTS cyclic shift of second antenna.All three antenna frame 104-1 ,-2 ,-3 also comprise two protections 336 and data fields 228 at interval.

Figure 21 is one and is the frame 104-1 of four transmitting antenna cyclic shifts of the original part of use, the description figure of-2 ,-3 ,-4 preface information.As mentioned previously, STS 157 is divided into three part code elements 300,302,304,306.The next part of first antenna frame 104-1 preface information comprises 340, one protections of original LTS, 220 and signal fields 224 at interval.The additional LTS 342 of second antenna frame 104-2 is identical with the LTS of first antenna frame 104-1, but displacement in turn.The additional LTS of the 3rd antenna frame 104-3 uses the scheme of the additional LTS cyclic shift of second antenna.The additional LTS of the 4th antenna frame 104-4 comprises the LTS pattern that old LTS is unique, is time-shifting as shown, continues about 4 microseconds.

Figure 22 is the description figure of a radio communication between two Wireless Telecom Equipments 100 and 102 (meeting IEEE 802.11n).The central area that communication takes place comprises the equipment that meets IEEE 802.11n, meets the equipment of 802.11a and/or meets the equipment of 802.11g.In this example, the frame here all comprises original configuration information 112 parts, residue configuration information part 114 and data division 108.As shown, 112 original parts of configuration information or original frame comprise an IEEE802.11PHY preface information (STS, LTS and signal field) and MAC isolation frame part (represent this special frame can distinguishingly be deciphered by existing equipment).In this example, the MAC layer provides original protection.

Residue configuration information 114 comprises a plurality of additional long training sequences and high data field 163.Data division 108 comprises a plurality of data symbols of discussing in the past.

Figure 22 is the description figure of a radio communication between two Wireless Telecom Equipments 100 and 102 (meeting IEEE 802.11n).The central area that communication takes place comprises the equipment that meets IEEE 802.11n, meets the equipment of 802.11a and/or meets the equipment of 802.11g.In this example, frame 111 comprises original configuration information 112 parts, residue configuration information part 114 and data division 108.As shown, 112 original parts of configuration information or original frame comprise an IEEE802.11 PHY preface information (STS 157, LTS 171 and signal field 173) and MAC isolation frame part 175 (represent this special frame can by the special decoding of existing equipment).In this example, the MAC layer provides original protection.

Residue configuration information 114 comprises a plurality of additional long training sequences 159,161 and high data field 163.Data division 108 comprises a plurality of data symbols of discussing in the past 165,167,169.

Figure 23 is the description figure of a radio communication between two Wireless Telecom Equipments 100 and 102 (meeting IEEE 802.11n).The central area that communication takes place comprises the equipment that meets IEEE 802.11n, meets the equipment of 802.11a and/or meets the equipment of 802.11g.In this example, frame 111-1,111-2,111-3, each comprises original configuration information 112 parts 111-N, residue configuration information part 114 and data division 108.As shown, 112 original parts of configuration information or original frame comprise an IEEE802.11 PHY preface information (STS 157, LTS 171 and signal field 173) and MAC isolation frame part 175 (represent this special frame can by the special decoding of old equipment).In this example, the MAC layer provides original protection.Notice that except the signal field difference other field is all the same with structure among Figure 10 with Fig. 9.This is that another one uses MAC to separate the NAV method that original station is set.The MAC compartmented comprises can be by the information of the frame of .11a and .11g reception with original rate coding.Replenish long training sequence 159,161 and follow the same format of discussing in the prior figures 9.

Figure 24 is the method for a multiple protocol wireless communication in WLAN.Method is from step 120, and access point (for indirect radio communication) or Wireless Telecom Equipment (for direct radio communication) have been determined the agreement of Wireless Telecom Equipment in the central area.In example, agreement is by the format determination of the wireless LAN communication of the frequency band that uses and each Wireless Telecom Equipment.For example, if frequency band is 2.4GHz, equipment can have the 802.11b with IEEE, the WLAN communication format of IEEE802.11g and/or IEEE802.11n unanimity.If frequency band is 4.9-5.85GHz, equipment can have the WLAN communication format consistent with IEEE 802.11a or IEEE.802.11n.In addition, the central area comprises that basic service arranges the area of coverage, at least a portion area of coverage that the adjacent basic service with at least one of the dedicated network area of coverage and/or basic service setting arranges.With reference to Fig. 1, access point 12 adjacent BBS comprise the BBS of access point 14 and/or the BBS of access point 16.

Get back to the logic diagram of Figure 24, program proceeds to step 122, and at this moment access point and/or Wireless Telecom Equipment determine which kind of agreement the communication equipment in the central area uses.This program carry out step 124 then, and at this moment whether the branch of process is same deciding by the agreement that the Wireless Telecom Equipment in the central area uses.When the identical agreement of Wireless Telecom Equipment use in the central area, process carry out step 126, and at this moment, their agreement of Wireless Telecom Equipment use is set up a radio communication and begun to communicate.

But, if have at least a Wireless Telecom Equipment to use a different agreement, program just carry out step 128, agreement in the agreement of the Wireless Telecom Equipment in the central area of access point or Wireless Telecom Equipment selection at this moment, and Wireless Telecom Equipment is based on the selected agreement of the order of agreement.The order of agreement can be based on original order of Wireless Telecom Equipment agreement and/or based on the agreement order of the transmission effective order of agreement.For example, meet IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.11b, the equipment of IEEE 802.11g and IEEE802.11n operate in the 2.4GHz frequency range and operate in the 4.9-5.85GHz frequency range with the equipment that meets IEEE 802.11a and IEEE 802.11n.Therefore, in the 2.4GHz frequency range, if meeting in the station of 802.11b has the equipment that meets 802.11n, will use such as the MAC level protection mechanism that defines in 802.11g, as shown in Figure 6.But, if only meet the equipment that the equipment of 802.11n represents original 802.11g, will use or the protection mechanism of the protection mechanism of MAC level (among Fig. 6) or PHY level (among Fig. 5).In the 4.9-5.85GHz frequency range, if meet the equipment that the equipment representative of 802.11n meets 802.11a, just can use the protection mechanism of MAC level or the protection mechanism of PHY level.

Persons of ordinary skill in the art may appreciate that more needs to use the protection mechanism of PHY level rather than the protection mechanism of MAC level, and reason is that the impact of throughput will reduce because the additional frame of the protection mechanism of MAC level is optional.If the protection mechanism of PHY level operation is bad, surpassed certain threshold value as the measurement of the quantity of acknowledgement frame, will adopt the protection mechanism of MAC level.

Those of ordinary skill in the art should also be understood that the ERP cell startup that can pass through information frame (and probing response frame) with the use of original situation and required protection mechanism.802.11g uses position 0 expression not have ERP (as .11b) and position 1 to force the base station to use protection (MAC level) at present.Can expand to the original state that uses reserved place (3 to 7) to represent .11g or .11a base.In example, position 3 expressions " original OFDM is arranged ", decipher according to following table the position:

Position 0-does not have ERP and presents	Position 1-uses protection	3-original OFDM in position presents	802.11n action
				0	0	0	Use the .11n frame
1	1	0	Use the MAC protection
				1	1	1	Use the MAC protection
0	1	1	Use PHY or MAC protection
				0	0	1	Operatively use PHY or MAC protection

For .11n, MAC level protection mechanism be identical to .11g.Base station or use CTS itself or CTS/RTS exchange arrange the NAV (network allocation vector) of original base station.

Get back to the logic diagram of Figure 24, program proceeds to step 130, and Wireless Telecom Equipment utilizes the selected agreement in central area to set up a radio communication in the central area herein.This figure in front is described.Program carry out step 132 then, and Wireless Telecom Equipment uses its agreement to carry out the transfer of data of radio communication herein.

Figure 25 is one and judges the whether logic diagram of reformed method of selected agreement.Program starts from step 140, access point and/or Wireless Telecom Equipment herein, and the transfer of data in monitoring center zone prevents from transmitting unknown data.Program carry out step 142, herein the unknown data that relatively transmits of access point and/or Wireless Telecom Equipment and a bust this threshold value (approximately more than the %5).If comparative result is positive, program carry out step 146, and Xuan Ding agreement does not have change and program to repeat at step 140 place herein.

If but the comparative result of step 144 is disadvantageous, program carry out step 148, and access point and/or Wireless Telecom Equipment are selected another in the agreement of the Wireless Telecom Equipment of central area herein, produces another selected agreement based on the agreement order.For example, when too many error of transmission took place, optional MAC layer protection mechanism replaced PHY layer protection mechanism.Program proceeds to step 150 then, and Wireless Telecom Equipment herein uses another selected agreement of central area to set up radio communication.

Figure 26 is the logic diagram that a Wireless Telecom Equipment participates in the method in the multiple protocol wireless communication.Program is from step 160, and wherein, Wireless Telecom Equipment uses an agreement (such as IEEE 802.11n) the exchange access point (AP) of Wireless Telecom Equipment.Program proceeds to step 162 then, and Wireless Telecom Equipment receives selected agreement from access point herein.The agreement of noticing selected agreement and Wireless Telecom Equipment can be IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g, the wireless LAN communication form that the improvement version of IEEE802.11n and/or IEEE 802.11 is consistent.Be also noted that selected agreement comprises first frame format, it comprises an original header and a particular medium MAC layer (MAC) separation field, also has second frame format, it comprises the header of a physical layer back compatible, and/or the 3rd frame format, it comprises header and the MAC layer separation field of a present version.

Program proceeds to step 164 then, and herein Wireless Telecom Equipment judges that whether selected agreement is with a kind of agreement with the agreement of Wireless Telecom Equipment.When agreement is identical, program branches is from step 166 to step 168.If agreement is different, program proceeds to step 170.At step 168 place, Wireless Telecom Equipment uses agreement to set up a radio communication and begin to transmit data.At step 170 place, Wireless Telecom Equipment uses selected agreement to set up a radio communication.Program proceeds to step 172 then, and Wireless Telecom Equipment herein uses its agreement to carry out radio communication.

Figure 27 is the logic diagram that a Wireless Telecom Equipment participates in the method in the multiple protocol wireless communication.Process begins at step 180 place, and Wireless Telecom Equipment receives frame by wireless channel herein.Process proceeds to step 182 then, and the agreement whether Wireless Telecom Equipment judgement is herein selected and the agreement of Wireless Telecom Equipment are identical.If selected agreement and the agreement of Wireless Telecom Equipment are identical, program proceeds to step 184, and Wireless Telecom Equipment uses its agreement to set up a radio communication and begin to transmit data herein.

But if the agreement of selected agreement and Wireless Telecom Equipment is inconsistent, program proceeds to step 186, and the selected agreement decoding radio communication of Wireless Telecom Equipment utilization herein arranges at least one part configuration information of frame.In example, Wireless Telecom Equipment is by obtaining the radio communication configuration information of at least a portion decoding to the frame header decoding that meets original physical layer form, when the header of frame does not meet when meeting original physical layer form, judge remaining frame according to the formatted of Wireless Telecom Equipment, Wireless Telecom Equipment is deciphered the radio communication configuration information then.Notice that original physical layer form comprises at least one among IEEE802.11a and the IEEE 802.11g, the agreement of Wireless Telecom Equipment herein comprises IEEE802.11n.

In another example, Wireless Telecom Equipment is by obtaining the radio communication configuration information of at least a portion decoding to the frame header decoding that meets original particular medium MAC layer (MAC) form, when the header of frame does not meet original particular medium MAC layer (MAC) form, judge remaining frame according to the formatted of Wireless Telecom Equipment, Wireless Telecom Equipment is deciphered the radio communication configuration information then.Notice that original physical layer form comprises IEEE 802.11a, at least one among IEEE 802.11b and the IEEE802.11g, the agreement of Wireless Telecom Equipment herein comprises IEEE 802.11n.

Program proceeds to step 188 then, and Wireless Telecom Equipment herein is based on the decoding of at least a portion radio communication configuration information being judged whether remaining frame is identical with the agreement of Wireless Telecom Equipment.When the agreement of remaining frame and Wireless Telecom Equipment was identical, program was branched off into 194 from step 190 then, when inequality, is branched off into step 192.Wireless Telecom Equipment can be ignored frame at step 192 place.At step 194 place, Wireless Telecom Equipment is handled the remaining frame identical with the Wireless Telecom Equipment agreement.

Figure 28 is the logic diagram that a Wireless Telecom Equipment participates in the method for multiple protocol wireless communication.Method begins at step 200 place, and Wireless Telecom Equipment judges whether selected agreement is identical with the agreement of Wireless Telecom Equipment herein.When the agreement of selected agreement and Wireless Telecom Equipment was identical, process was branched off into 204 from step 202 then, when inequality, is branched off into step 206.Wireless Telecom Equipment can be ignored frame at step 192 place.At step 204 place, Wireless Telecom Equipment can format configuration information part and the data division of the frame identical with agreement.Radio communication just begins to send frame then.

But, if selected agreement and the agreement of Wireless Telecom Equipment are inconsistent, program proceeds to step 206, and Wireless Telecom Equipment according to selected formatted, produces the configuration information of original format at least a portion configuration information of Wireless Telecom Equipment herein.Program proceeds to step 208 then, and Wireless Telecom Equipment herein formats the configuration information of remaining Wireless Telecom Equipment according to the agreement of Wireless Telecom Equipment, produces the configuration information of format at present.Program proceeds to step 210 then, and Wireless Telecom Equipment data formatization, produces the data of present form according to the agreement of Wireless Telecom Equipment herein.With reference to the example that formats in the earlier drawings.Program proceeds to step 212 then, and Wireless Telecom Equipment transmission herein comprises the configuration information of original format, the configuration information of format and the frame of the data of format at present at present.

In the example of the present invention, preface information should 802.11 present standards of back compatible.Problem among the TGn is how to move at original 802.11a and 802.11b/g device interior, and internal operation herein comprises following two kinds of situations:

---identical BSS: all equipment uses identical application program to communicate.

---channel transfer/" overlapping " BSS

This can by or design PLCP header allows a 802.11a/g STA heavily to conclude CCA or use a protection mechanism to realize such as RTS/ self CTS.

---802.11g selects the latter when handling 802.11b equipment.

---in a way, no matter why the youngest says, can rely on RTS/CTS to protect symbols.

For the unaltered signal field of deciphering in original base station, be starved of use in existing long training and the signal element of the identical linear weighted function of transmitting antenna input.In the MISO system, for the decoding of original base station, correct two long training symbols are used identical weighting with original signal field.

At M transmitting antenna, in the example of the sequence of N reception antenna and a L transmitted symbol, Xk is that subcarrier k goes up the signal that receives:

—————→

X _k＝S _k·H _k+N _k RX antennas

Can calculate zero then forces (ZF) mimo channel to be estimated:

{\hat{H}}_{k} {(S_{k}^{H} \cdot S_{k})}^{- 1} \cdot S_{k}^{H} \cdot X_{k} = \frac{1}{M} \cdot S_{k}^{H} \cdot X_{k}

If long sequence of training symbols defines (just Sk finally is that a real scalar multiply by an orthogonal matrix).

Can calculate the least mean-square error of channel estimating:

{\hat{H}}_{k} = {(S_{k}^{H} \cdot S_{k} + σ_{η}^{2} \cdot I)}^{- 1} \cdot S_{k}^{H} \cdot X_{k} = ρ \cdot S_{k}^{H} \cdot X_{k}

ρ = \frac{I}{M + σ_{η}^{2}}

For simplicity, the hk supposition is Gaussian error, and use " reliable long training is selected ".Notice that the expression formula that least mean-square estimate and ZF estimate ignored the sequence of selecting subsequently, because the selection of S is carefully as previously shown.

Figure 29 is the description figure that describes the transmission mode of frame format among a Fig. 7.To this transformat, in order to satisfy back compatible and to satisfy the required requirement of channel estimating of future generation, W can simply select to use W and W ^-1In addition, any directed form [w11..w1M] of MIMO transmitter (equipment of future generation) generation all should well be received by original 802.11a/g equipment.

In this example, acquisition of signal (s _k) 253 multiply by a plurality of weighted factor (W _{K, m}) 301,303,305, k equals the channel detection number herein, and from 1 to l, m equals the number of transmitting antenna 82-86.Channel detection after the weighting converts the RF signal to by

transmitter

67,69,71 and constantly sends by

antenna

81,83,85.In this example, the weighted factor matrix can be:

Along with all antennas are launched simultaneously, can produce null value.Null value can compensate by selecting a weighting sequence.This weighting sequence makes null value direct into specific direction as the form of orientation.Such as, as vector w1=[11] delegation of the W matrix of front slide (under the 2TX situation with), null value can be guided to direction-90 ° and+90 °, therefore, other direction relatively in single input receiver of original wlan device, some direction is disadvantageous.

According to the present invention, to each subcarrier of transmitting antenna M-1 adopted one different complex weighted.Formed a different directional pattern and made in worse direction less power consumption and capacity loss are arranged at each subcarrier like this.In Figure 31 and 32, be described.

Figure 31 is the description figure that has described the method that the preface information as the frame of form among Fig. 7 of the MIMO transmitter of future generation of MIMO transmitter of future generation and particularly two antennas forms.In the drawings, produce two preface informations: give the antenna that activates for one.First preface information 311 by first antenna emission comprises two protections (GI2) 313 at interval; (CS 0 for 315, the second channel detections of first channel detection (CS 0,0); 1) 317 another protection interval (GI) 323 and the 3rd channel detections (CS 0,2) 321.Second preface information 327 by second antenna emission comprises two protections (GI2) 329 at interval; (CS 1 for first channel detection; 0) 331; (CS 1 for second channel detection; 1) 333, one protection interval (GI) 335, one signal fields (SIG) 337; another protection is (GI2) 339 and the 3rd channel detection (CS 1,2) 341 at interval.

In this example, will use following expression formula to various channel detections:

s ₁₁＝s ₀₀

s_{10, k} = - s_{00, k} \cdot e^{i {\cdot θ}_{k}}

s ₁₁＝s ₁₀

s ₀₂＝s ₀₀

s_{12, k} = s_{00, k} \cdot e^{i {\cdot θ}_{k}}

From these channel detections, will adopt following weighted factor:

S_{k} = [\begin{matrix} s_{10, k} & s_{11, k} \\ s_{20, k} & s_{21, k} \end{matrix}] = s_{00, k} \cdot [\begin{matrix} 1 & - 1 \\ 1 & 1 \end{matrix}] \cdot [\begin{matrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & e^{i {\cdot θ}_{k}} \end{matrix}]

= [\begin{matrix} s_{00, k} & - s_{00, k} \cdot e^{i {\cdot θ}_{k}} \\ s_{00, k} & s_{00, k} \cdot e^{i {\cdot θ}_{k}} \end{matrix}]

First index number of channel detection equals the number of antenna.Second index number equals the number of code element, and k equals the number of channel detection.For example, s _{10, k}Equaling k first code element of channel launches at first antenna.

For each subcarrier obtains a different directional pattern, use following various:

Figure 32 is the description figure that has described the method that the preface information as the frame of form among Fig. 7 of the MIMO transmitter of future generation of triantennary forms.In the drawings, produce three preface informations: the antenna to each activation.First preface information 351 by first antenna emission comprises two protections (GI2) 353 at interval; (CS 0 for 355, the second channel detections of first channel detection (CS 0,0); 1) 357; protection interval (GI) 359, one signal fields (SIG) 361, another protection is (GI) 363 at interval; (CS 0 for the 3rd channel detection; 2) 365, the three protection interval (GI) 367 and the 4th channel detection CS 0,3) 369.Second preface information 371 by second antenna emission comprises two protections (GI2) 373 at interval; (CS 1 for first channel detection; 0) 375, the second channel detections (CS 1,1) 377; protection interval (GI) 379; a signal field (SIG) 381, another protection is (GI2) 383 and the 3rd channel detection (CS 1,2) 385 at interval; protect (GI) 387 and the 4th channel detection (CS 1,3) 389 at interval for the 3rd.The 3rd preface information 391 by the 3rd antenna emission comprises two protections (GI2) 393 at interval; first channel detection (CS2; 0) 395, the second channel detections (CS 2,1) 397; protection interval (GI) 399; a signal field (SIG) 401, another protection is (GI2) 403 and the 3rd channel detection (CS 2,2) 405 at interval; protect (GI) 407 and the 4th channel detection (CS 2,3) 409 at interval for the 3rd.

To various channel detections, can adopt following weighted factor matrix:

S_{k} = [\begin{matrix} s_{10, k} & s_{11, k} & s_{12, k} \\ s_{20, k} & s_{21, k} & s_{22, k} \\ s_{30, k} & s_{31, k} & s_{32, k} \end{matrix}] = [\begin{matrix} s_{00, k} & s_{00, k} \cdot e^{i {\cdot θ}_{k}} & s_{00, k} \cdot e^{i {\cdot φ}_{k}} \\ s_{00, k} & s_{00, k} \cdot e^{i \cdot (θ_{k} - \frac{4 \cdot π}{3})} & s_{00, k} \cdot e^{i \cdot (φ_{k} - \frac{2 \cdot π}{3})} \\ s_{00, k} & s_{00, k} \cdot e^{i \cdot (θ_{k} - \frac{2 \cdot π}{3})} & s_{00, k} \cdot e^{i \cdot (φ_{k} - \frac{4 \cdot π}{3})} \end{matrix}]

For each subcarrier obtains a different directional pattern, use following formula:

θ _k＝π·k/6

φ _k＝π·(k+4)/6

Can the more signal energy of emission make receiver can obtain better channel estimating among Figure 31 and 32.This makes and obtains simpler ZF or MMSE channel estimating at Rx (most additions/displacement):

W_{T} = [\begin{matrix} + 1 & - 1 \\ + 1 & + 1 \end{matrix}] &DoubleRightArrow; W_{T}^{- 1} = \frac{1}{2} [\begin{matrix} + 1 & + 1 \\ - 1 & + 1 \end{matrix}]

W_{T} = (\begin{matrix} 1 & 1 & 1 \\ 1 & \frac{- 1 - i \cdot \sqrt{3}}{2} & \frac{- 1 + i \cdot \sqrt{3}}{2} \\ 1 & \frac{- 1 + i \cdot \sqrt{3}}{2} & \frac{- 1 - i \cdot \sqrt{3}}{2} \end{matrix}) &DoubleRightArrow; W_{T}^{- 1} = \frac{1}{3} \cdot (\begin{matrix} 1 & 1 & 1 \\ 1 & \frac{- 1 + i \cdot \sqrt{3}}{2} & \frac{- 1 - i \cdot \sqrt{3}}{2} \\ 1 & \frac{- 1 - i \cdot \sqrt{3}}{2} & \frac{- 1 + i \cdot \sqrt{3}}{2} \end{matrix})

Orientation by former subcarrier forms the priori of coefficient can carry out channel estimating, and these coefficients needn't be applied on the remaining transmitted symbol.Its advantage is exactly not need extra multiplying at transmitting terminal, because the LTRN sequence can be easy to search in table.

Channel can be estimated and be need not the directed priori that forms coefficient of subcarrier in the past, and these coefficients should be applied on the residue transmitted symbol.Its advantage is that the channel estimating of receiver is simplified (multiplication still less), but transmitter is carried out extra multiplication.

First kind of situation, use early stage symbol and L=M:

{\hat{H}}_{k} = \frac{1}{M} \cdot s_{00, k}^{*} \cdot W_{B, k}^{H} \cdot W_{T}^{H} \cdot X_{k}

W_{B, k} = diag ([\begin{matrix} 1 & e^{\frac{i \cdot π \cdot l_{1}}{6}} & \cdot \cdot \cdot & e^{\frac{i \cdot π \cdot l_{M - 1}}{6}} \end{matrix}])

Second kind of situation, use early stage symbol and L=M:

{\hat{H}}_{k} = \frac{1}{M} \cdot s_{00, k}^{*} \cdot W_{T}^{H} \cdot X_{k}

Notice whole length p time by copying the M sequence, can further improve channel estimating.Improve by doing simple average.The way of the single active transmitters of describing in expense and the lantern slide 10 is identical, but performance is but superior than it.

The preface information back compatible situation under, long training sequence code element number is M+1, longer sequence can comprise p*M+1 long training symbol.It is identical that M code element has the p group, and first and second code elements on each antenna are identical.

Persons of ordinary skill in the art may appreciate that said " fully " or " approximately " herein provides the tolerance of industrial permission.The range of tolerable variance that industry allows is from being less than 1% to 20% and be equivalent to, but is not limited to, the assembly result, and integrated circuit is handled deviation, temperature deviation, rising and fall time and/or terminal noise.Those of ordinary skill in the art should also be understood that said " feasible connection " herein comprises direct connection and pass through other assembly, part, and circuit or intermodule connect in succession.Indirectly connect used insertion part, assembly, but circuit or module do not change the information of signal can regulate its electric current, voltage and/or electric weight.Those of ordinary skill in the art should also be understood that and infer to connect the indirect connection that (just an assembly is connected with another assembly by deduction) comprises two inter-modules of direct connection and the mode the same with " feasible is connected ".Those of ordinary skill in the art should also be understood that herein " the positive comparison " used is illustrated in two or more assemblies, product, and that does between the signal etc. relatively provides expected relationship.For example, when expected relationship is signal 1 when than signal 2 bigger amplitude being arranged, when the amplitude of signal 1 greater than the amplitude of signal 2 or signal 2 during less than signal 1, will to a positive comparison.

The discussion of front has proposed the embodiment of the various radio communications in the wireless communication system of a Wireless Telecom Equipment that comprises a plurality of different agreements.Those of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that from technology of the present invention derivative other embodiment does not deviate from the scope of claim.

Present patent application requires the priority of following four pending application applications according to 35USC § 119: first name is called multiple protocol wireless communication system in the WLAN (wireless local area network), and the provisional application sequence number is: 60/544,605, and the applying date is on February 13rd, 2004; Second name is called the WLAN (wireless local area network) of high speed data transfer, and the provisional application sequence number is: 60/545,854, and the applying date is on February 19th, 2004; The 3rd name is called the multiple-input, multiple-output agreement in the wireless communication system, and the provisional application sequence number is: 60/568,914, and the applying date is on May 7th, 2004; The 4th title is identical with the title of present patent application, and the provisional application sequence number is 60/573,782, and the provisional application date is on May 24th, 2004.

The model selection table:

Table 1:2.4 GHz, 20/22 MHz channel BW, 54Mbps Maximum Bit Rate

Coding

Rate modulation rate NBPSC NCBPS NDBPS EVM sensitivity ACR AACR

1 Barker BPSK

2 Barker QPSK

5.5 CCK

6 BPSK 0.5 1 48 24 -5 -82 16 32

9 BPSK 0.75 1 48 36 -8 -81 15 31

11 CCK

12 QPSK 0.5 2 96 48 -10 -79 13 29

18 QPSK 0.75 2 96 72 -13 -77 11 27

24 16-QAM 0.5 4 192 96 -16 -74 8 24

36 16-QAM 0.75 4 192 144 -19 -70 4 20

48 64-QAM 0.666 6 288 192 -22 -66 0 16

54 64-QAM 0.75 6 288 216 -25 -65 -1 15

Table 2: the demultiplexing of table 1

Channel frequency (MHz)

1 2412

2 2417

3 2422

4 2427

5 2432

6 2437

7 2442

8 2447

9 2452

10 2457

11 2462

12 2467

Table 3: the power spectrum of table 1 (PSD) mask of conspiring

PSD mask 1

Frequency shift (FS) dBr

-9MHz to 9MHz 0

+/-11MHz -20

+/-20MHz -28

The 30MHz of+/-and bigger by-50

Table 4:5GHz, 20MHz channel BW, 54Mbps Maximum Bit Rate

Coding

Rate modulation rate NBPSC NCBPS NDBPS EVM sensitivity ACR AACR

6 BPSK 0.5 1 48 24 -5 -82 16 32

9 BPSK 0.75 1 48 36 -8 -81 15 31

12 QPSK 0.5 2 96 48 -10 -79 13 29

18 QPSK 0.75 2 96 72 -13 -77 11 27

24 16-QAM 0.5 4 192 96 -16 -74 8 24

36 16-QAM 0.75 4 192 144 -19 -70 4 20

48 64-QAM 0.666 6 288 192 -22 -66 0 16

54 64-QAM 0.75 6 288 216 -25 -65 -1 15

Fig. 5: the demultiplexing of table 4

Frequency

The national channel frequency of channel (MHz) (MHz) country

240 4920 Japan

244 4940 Japan

248 4960 Japan

252 4980 Japan

8 5040 Japan

12 5060 Japan

16 5080 Japan

36 5180 U.S./Europe 34 5170 Japan

40 5200 U.S./Europe 38 5190 Japan

44 5220 U.S./Europe 42 5210 Japan

48 5240 U.S./Europe 46 5230 Japan

52 5260 U.S./Europe

56 5280 U.S./Europe

60 5300 U.S./Europe

64 5320 U.S./Europe

100 5500 U.S./Europe

104 5520 U.S./Europe

108 5540 U.S./Europe

112 5560 U.S./Europe

116 5580 U.S./Europe

120 5600 U.S./Europe

124 5620 U.S./Europe

128 5640 U.S./Europe

132 5660 U.S./Europe

136 5680 U.S./Europe

140 5700 U.S./Europe

149 5745 U.S.

153 5765 U.S.

157 5785 U.S.

161 5805 U.S.

165 5825 U.S.

Table 6:2.4GHz, 20MHz channel BW, 192Mbps Maximum Bit Rate

The ST coding

Speed TX antenna rate modulating-coding rate NBPSC NCBPS NDBPS

12 2 1 BPSK 0.5 1 48 24

24 2 1 QPSK 0.5 2 96 48

48 2 1 16-QAM 0.5 4 192 96

96 2 1 64-QAM 0.666 6 288 192

108 2 1 64-QAM 0.75 6 288 216

18 3 1 BPSK 0.5 1 48 24

36 3 1 QPSK 0.5 2 96 48

72 3 1 16-QAM 0.5 4 192 96

144 3 1 64-QAM 0.666 6 288 192

162 3 1 64-QAM 0.75 6 288 216

24 4 1 BPSK 0.5 1 48 24

48 4 1 QPSK 0.5 2 96 48

96 4 1 16-QAM 0.5 4 192 96

192 4 1 64-QAM 0.666 6 288 192

216 4 1 64-QAM 0.75 6 288 216

Fig. 7: the demultiplexing of table 6

Channel frequency (MHz)

1 2412

2 2417

3 2422

4 2427

5 2432

6 2437

7 2442

8 2447

9 2452

10 2457

11 2462

12 2467

Table 8:5GHz, 20MHz channel BW, 192Mbps Maximum Bit Rate

The ST coding

Speed TX antenna rate modulating-coding rate NBPSC NCBPS NDBPS

12 2 1 BPSK 0.5 1 48 24

24 2 1 QPSK 0.5 2 96 48

48 2 1 16-QAM 0.5 4 192 96

96 2 1 64-QAM 0.666 6 288 192

108 2 1 64-QAM 0.75 6 288 216

18 3 1 BPSK 0.5 1 48 24

36 3 1 QPSK 0.5 2 96 48

72 3 1 16-QAM 0.5 4 192 96

144 3 1 64-QAM 0.666 6 288 192

162 3 1 64-QAM 0.75 6 288 216

24 4 1 BPSK 0.5 1 48 24

48 4 1 QPSK 0.5 2 96 48

96 4 1 16-QAM 0.5 4 192 96

192 4 1 64-QAM 0.666 6 288 192

216 4 1 64-QAM 0.75 6 288 216

Fig. 9: the demultiplexing of table 8

Frequency

The national channel frequency of channel (MHz) (MHz) country

240 4920 Japan

244 4940 Japan

248 4960 Japan

252 4980 Japan

8 5040 Japan

12 5060 Japan

16 5080 Japan

36 5180 U.S./Europe 34 5170 Japan

40 5200 U.S./Europe 38 5190 Japan

44 5220 U.S./Europe 42 5210 Japan

48 5240 U.S./Europe 46 5230 Japan

52 5260 U.S./Europe

56 5280 U.S./Europe

60 5300 U.S./Europe

64 5320 U.S./Europe

100 5500 U.S./Europe

104 5520 U.S./Europe

108 5540 U.S./Europe

112 5560 U.S./Europe

116 5580 U.S./Europe

120 5600 U.S./Europe

124 5620 U.S./Europe

128 5640 U.S./Europe

132 5660 U.S./Europe

136 5680 U.S./Europe

140 5700 U.S./Europe

149 5745 U.S.

153 5765 U.S.

157 5785 U.S.

161 5805 U.S.

165 5825 U.S.

Table 10:5GHz, the Maximum Bit Rate of 40MHz channel and 486Mbps

The ST coding

Speed TX antenna rate modulating-coding rate NBPSC

13.5Mbps 1 1 BPSK 0.5 1

27Mbps 1 1 QPSK 0.5 2

54Mbps 1 1 16-QAM 0.5 4

108Mbps 1 1 64-QAM 0.666 6

121.5Mbps 1 1 64-QAM 0.75 6

27Mbps 2 1 BPSK 0.5 1

54Mbps 2 1 QPSK 0.5 2

108Mbps 2 1 16-QAM 0.5 4

216Mbps 2 1 64-QAM 0.666 6

243Mbps 2 1 64-QAM 0.75 6

40.5Mbps 3 1 BPSK 0.5 1

81Mbps 3 1 QPSK 0.5 2

162Mbps 3 1 16-QAM 0.5 4

324Mbps 3 1 64-QAM 0.666 6

365.5Mbps 3 1 64-QAM 0.75 6

54Mbps 4 1 BPSK 0.5 1

108Mbps 4 1 QPSK 0.5 2

216Mbps 4 1 16-QAM 0.5 4

432Mbps 4 1 64-QAM 0.666 6

486Mbps 4 1 64-QAM 0.75 6

Table 11: the power spectrum of table 10 (PSD) mask of conspiring

PSD mask 2

Frequency shift (FS) dBr

-19MHz to 19MHz 0

+/-21MHz -20

+/-30MHz -28

The 40MHz of+/-and bigger by-50

Figure 12: the demultiplexing of table 10

The frequency frequency

The national channel of channel (MHz) (MHz) country

242 4930 Japan

250 4970 Japan

12 5060 Japan

38 5190 U.S./Europe 36 5180 Japan

46 5230 U.S./Europe 44 5520 Japan

54 5270 U.S./Europe

62 5310 U.S./Europe

102 5510 U.S./Europe

110 5550 U.S./Europe

118 5590 U.S./Europe

126 5630 U.S./Europe

134 5670 U.S./Europe

151 5755 U.S.

159 5795 U.S.

Claims

1. a multiple-input, multiple-output mimo wireless communication system produces the method for the preface information of frame, it is characterized in that this method comprises:

Each transmitting antenna to mimo wireless communication system, all produce the short training sequence of a foundation 802.11 standard early version agreements, wherein, at each transmitting antenna, described short training sequence is based on time that the quantity of transmitting antenna and described short training sequence continue and is recycled displacement;

To each transmitting antenna in first group of transmitting antenna of mimo wireless communication system, behind described short training sequence, produce at least one long training sequence, and described at least one long training sequence comprises first protection in advance at interval, wherein for each transmitting antenna in first group of transmitting antenna, described at least one long training sequence is recycled displacement;

Other each transmitting antenna except first group of transmitting antenna to mimo wireless communication system; produce at least one additional long training sequence; wherein at described other each transmitting antenna; described at least one additional long training sequence is recycled displacement, and described first protection is at interval prior to described at least one additional long training sequence.

2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described method also comprises: to each transmitting antenna of first group of transmitting antenna of mimo wireless communication system, produce second protection at interval behind described at least one long training sequence; And produce a signal field in the back at interval in described second protection.

3. method as claimed in claim 2; it is characterized in that; described method also comprises: to other each transmitting antenna except first group of transmitting antenna of mimo wireless communication system; produce the 3rd protection at interval behind described at least one additional long training sequence, the time ratio second protection interval that the wherein said first protection interval and the 3rd protection continue at interval is long.

4. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, when mimo wireless communication system comprised three transmitting antennas, described method further comprised:

To first and second transmitting antennas in described three transmitting antennas, all produce first and second long training sequences of foundation 802.11 standard early version agreements as described at least one long training sequence, wherein, described first and second long training sequences are by cyclic shift respectively; And

To the 3rd transmitting antenna in described three transmitting antennas, produce the 3rd long training sequence of foundation 802.11 standard early version agreements as described at least one additional long training sequence.

5. produce the method for preface information of the frame of the hardware compatibility that adopts 802.11 standard early version agreements in the multiple-input, multiple-output mimo wireless communication system, it is characterized in that this method comprises:

To each transmitting antenna in a plurality of transmitting antennas of multiple-input, multiple-output mimo wireless communication system, all produce the short training sequence of a foundation 802.11 standard early version agreements, wherein, at each transmitting antenna, described short training sequence is based on time that the quantity of transmitting antenna and described short training sequence continue and is recycled displacement;

To first transmitting antenna in described a plurality of transmitting antennas, behind described short training sequence, produce first protection at interval, produce first long training sequence in the back at interval in described first protection, behind described first long training sequence, produce second long training sequence;

To each transmitting antenna except first transmitting antenna in described a plurality of transmitting antennas, produce respectively and replenish long training sequence, described additional long training sequence comprises second protection at interval and two specific long training sequences.

6. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, the described additional long training sequence of each transmitting antenna except first transmitting antenna in described a plurality of transmitting antennas is distinguished cyclic shift.

7. a radio frequency sending set is characterized in that, this radio frequency sending set comprises:

One baseband processing module, the code element stream that the data transaction of exporting by feasible connection handle becomes to export;

One transmitter section converts the code element stream of output the radiofrequency signal of output to by feasible connection, and wherein said baseband processing module is used for:

Each transmitting antenna to transmitter section, all produce the short training sequence of a foundation 802.11 standard early version agreements, wherein, at each transmitting antenna, described short training sequence is based on time that the quantity of transmitting antenna and described short training sequence continue and is recycled displacement;

To each transmitting antenna in first group of transmitting antenna of transmitter section, behind described short training sequence, produce at least one long training sequence, and described at least one long training sequence comprises first protection in advance at interval, wherein for each transmitting antenna in first group of transmitting antenna, described at least one long training sequence is recycled displacement;

Other each transmitting antenna except first group of transmitting antenna to transmitter section; produce at least one additional long training sequence; wherein at described other each transmitting antenna; described at least one additional long training sequence is recycled displacement, and described first protection is at interval prior to described at least one additional long training sequence.

8. radio frequency sending set as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, to each transmitting antenna of first group of transmitting antenna of transmitter section, described baseband processing module also is applied to:

Behind described at least one long training sequence, produce second protection at interval;

Produce a signal field in the back at interval in described second protection.

9. a radio frequency sending set is characterized in that, this radio frequency sending set comprises:

To each transmitting antenna in a plurality of transmitting antennas of transmitter section, all produce the short training sequence of a foundation 802.11 standard early version agreements, wherein, at each transmitting antenna, described short training sequence is based on time that the quantity of transmitting antenna and described short training sequence continue and is recycled displacement;

10. radio frequency sending set as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, described baseband processing module is further used for:

Described additional long training sequence difference cyclic shift to each transmitting antenna except first transmitting antenna in described a plurality of transmitting antennas.