Central downtake cone liquid-feeding type efficient mass transfer tower tray
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of central downtake cone liquid-feeding type efficient mass transfer tower tray, belong to the tower inner parts structure technology that operating process such as chemical industry rectifying, absorption, desorb are used for mass transfer, heat transfer.
Background technology
Vapour-liquid mass equipment mainly is divided into plate column and packed tower two big classes.Because plate column is simple in structure, with low cost, be easy to amplify and possessed the experience of comparative maturity in design and operating aspect, therefore the main equipment on current industrial is still based on plate column.Tradition column plate general type is for being provided with seal pot and the downspout access way as liquid phase respectively at the column plate two ends; Gas phase is entered to contact with liquid phase by the gas phase channel that is certain distribution form on the column plate (sieve aperture, bubble-cap, float valve, spray-hole) effect of mass transmitting takes place.
The structure of tradition column plate makes: the first, to account for the column plate area bigger for downspout, thereby effective district area is reduced, and causes the column plate mass transfer not significantly improve; The second, the non-perforate annulus of traditional column plate tower wall does not have the mass transfer contribution, thereby effective district area is reduced, and causes the column plate mass-transfer efficiency to reduce; Three, traditional column plate liquid level drop is big, Liquid Flow skewness and cause the column plate mass-transfer efficiency to reduce; Four, traditional column plate board space utilization rate is low, thereby the column plate mass-transfer efficiency can not be improved.
Summary of the invention
The first, to account for the column plate area bigger in order to overcome traditional column plate downspout, thereby make effective district area reduce the shortcoming that causes the column plate mass-transfer efficiency low; The second, for not having the mass transfer contribution, the non-perforate annulus that overcomes traditional column plate tower wall do not make effective district area reduce the shortcoming that causes the column plate mass-transfer efficiency low; The 3rd, big in order to overcome traditional column plate liquid level drop, Liquid Flow skewness and cause the low shortcoming of column plate mass-transfer efficiency; The 4th, in order to overcome the low shortcoming of traditional column plate board space utilization rate; The object of the invention is to provide a kind of central downtake cone liquid-feeding type efficient mass transfer tower tray, and this tower tray utilizes the non-perforate annulus of tower wall as being subjected to pendular ring, in the column plate center configuration circular cyclone formula downspout is arranged, and has realized that column plate effectively distinguishes the area maximization; Improved the column plate space availability ratio; Reduced the liquid level drop of column plate, it is more even that Liquid Flow is distributed; Thereby realize improving the target of column plate mass-transfer efficiency.
The present invention is realized by following technical proposals, a kind of central downtake cone liquid-feeding type efficient mass transfer tower tray that is arranged in the tower body, it is characterized in that, this tower tray comprises a sieve aperture or valve plate, the central authorities of column plate are provided with a spiral-flow type downspout, along tower wall periphery on the column plate one circle liquid blocking dike, the cone liquid distributor that central authorities are set is the flat-top blind plate are set on column plate.
Above-mentioned spiral-flow type downspout is made of inside and outside two different pipes of diameter, and the eddy flow guide vane is set between two pipe gaps.Wherein the inner tube mouth is higher than outer tube 50~300mm, and the outer tube upper port is for flat mouthful or have sawtooth, and the outer tube upper port exceeds column plate 20~70mm; Guide vane is shaped as bar shaped, fan-shaped or triangle, and every eddy flow guide vane and horizontal sextant angle are the 10-80 degree, and every eddy flow guide vane length is 50-300mm; Guide vane is the 1-3 layer, and every interlamellar spacing is 50-400mm, adjacent two layers eddy flow guide vane anglec of rotation direction unanimity; In eddy flow guide vane below the perforate of rectangle ligulate is set on the inner tubal wall, tongue piece stretches out downwards, and with axial angle be the 10-90 degree.
Above-mentioned central authorities are the cone liquid distributor of flat-top blind plate, and its floor projection diameter is than the little 50~300mm of tower internal diameter; Its central area is the circular horizontal blind plate that has the zigzag downflow weir, as seal pot, acceptance is from the liquid of upper strata column plate spiral-flow type downspout, circular horizontal blind plate diameter is 1~2 times of upper strata column plate downspout outer tube diameter, and the vertical range of the outer infratubal port of blind plate and downspout is 20~100mm; The zigzag height of weir plate is 20~100mm, and flute profile is a triangle or trapezoidal; Cone liquid distributor and horizontal sextant angle are 10~60 degree, and percent opening is 20~60%; Cone liquid distributor open-cellular form is a circular port, and pore diameter size is 10~50mm, and the circular hole arrangement is positive triangle; It is that 50~400mm, diameter are the identical cylinder of cone liquid distributor floor projection diameter of flat-top blind plate with central authorities that one section height is set in its lower end, outer, and the spacing of cylinder lower end and lower floor's column plate is 20~80mm.
Above-mentioned liquid blocking dike, vertical height are 20~90mm, and the upper surface is flat pattern or sawtooth pattern, and the circle ring area conduct of being made up of tower wall and liquid blocking dike is subjected to pendular ring, and being subjected to the pendular ring radial width is 30~160mm.
The invention has the advantages that: annulus has increased effective district area, thereby has improved plate efficiency as seal pot around 1, making full use of the tower wall; 2, central authorities are the introducing of the cone liquid distributor of flat-top blind plate, have improved the column plate space availability ratio, thereby have improved plate efficiency; 3, this liquid flow distribution form has reduced the column plate liquid level drop, has improved the Liquid Flow uniformity, thereby has improved plate efficiency.4, adopt the spiral-flow type downspout, make liquid under the guiding of eddy flow guide vane, rotate, the centrifugal force acceleration gas that produces separates with liquid, pipe rose in gas after the separation entered by the gas orifice on the inner tubal wall, and liquid rotates the seal pot that flow on lower floor's column plate from annular space between inner and outer pipes.This downspout has improved deaeration capability greatly, has avoided the reentrainment of gas, occupies the column plate area thereby can reduce downspout, increases column plate and effectively distinguishes area, improves column plate flux, efficient.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a tower plate structure schematic diagram of the present invention, 1-tower body among the figure, and 2-sieve aperture or valve plate, 3-spiral-flow type downspout, the 4-liquid blocking dike, 5-central authorities are the cone liquid distributor of flat-top blind plate.
Fig. 2 is a spiral-flow type downcomer structure schematic diagram, 3-1-circular cyclone formula downspout outer tube among the figure, pipe in the 3-2-eddy flow guide vane, 3-3-circular cyclone formula downspout.
Fig. 3 is the structural representations of central authorities for the cone liquid distributor of flat-top blind plate, the zigzag downflow weir of the circular horizontal blind plate of 5-1-among the figure, the conical surface of 5-2-cone liquid distributor, the cylindrical shell of 5-3-cone liquid distributor.
The specific embodiment
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is further specified:
Now with the tower diameter be 2000mm, distance between plates 550mm valve plate, use tower tray of the present invention to transform old valve plate to be embodiment, the present invention is described in detail: central authorities are 400mm for the center blind plate diameter of the cone liquid distributor of flat-top blind plate, and the spacing of downspout lower end is 50mm on it and the upper strata tower tray; The height of sawtooth pattern downflow weir is 30mm, tooth depth height 10mm, and profile of tooth is an equilateral triangle; The conical surface of cone liquid distributor and horizontal sextant angle are 20 degree, and the floor projection diameter of the cone liquid distributor of central flat-top blind plate is 1840mm, has the circular hole of diameter 20mm on the cone liquid distributor, become equilateral triangle to arrange that percent opening is 40%; Central authorities highly are 60mm for the drum diameter of the cone liquid distributor of flat-top blind plate is 1840mm, end distance column plate 50mm under the cylinder; The liquid blocking dike diameter of column plate is 1800mm, and the exit weir height is 60mm; The F-1 float valve that effective district of column plate arranges for the equilateral triangle formula, percent opening is 12.5%; Central authorities are provided with the spiral-flow type downspout on column plate, and the outer tube diameter of this downspout is 400mm, and the outer tube upper port is flat mouthful, and the outer tube upper port exceeds column plate 70mm; Diameter of inner pipe is 150mm, and the inner and outer pipe height is respectively 270mm, 200mm; In pipe upper port setting exceed outer tube upper port 70mm, on inner tubal wall, evenly be provided with 8 of the slots of 3 row wide 50mm, high 60mm vertically, 24 at total pore, tongue piece and axially between angle be 60 degree; Radially fan-shaped eddy flow guide vane length is 250mm, between inner and outer pipes, establish one deck eddy flow guide vane, evenly arrange 9 sectors, blade tilt (with horizontal direction) is 20 degree, eddy flow guide vane axial height is 50mm, by the eddy flow guide vane being welded between inner and outer pipes the fixedly relative position of inner and outer pipes.Adopt rectifying column, the rectifying separating propane one propylene system of said structure tower tray, plate efficiency has improved more than 15%.