The cutter tower seat structure of double-pole tower
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cutter tower seat structure of double-pole tower, refer in particular to a kind of with single servo or stepper motor as the power source of the driving of double-pole tower to replace the power source of oil pressure actuated in the past, it is high and cooperate accurate control can make the cutter that selects of proximal most position to form a kind of reliability, and the cutter tower of this double-pole tower can appropriateness be simplified and the double-pole tower innovation structure that significantly promotes operating efficiency is used.
Background technology
Rotatable double-pole tower structure is for unmanned machine for automatic working tool, working (machining) efficiency and management as the NC automatic lathe have greatest benefiting, a suitable important mechanism by the indispensable application of modern machining machine and tool, as U.S.'s patent of invention numbers 4,706,351 " double-pole tower cutter tower seat " is one of them.
This patent case mainly is to utilize the three-chip type shaft joint to be fixed on the cutter tower seat, each cutter tower can be selected the process tool of required cutter as automatic lathe via rotating, and each cutter on the two cutter towers can be avoided mutual interference and accept the cooling and lubricating of cutting fluid; This double-pole tower is finished rotating respectively as the choosing of cutter of double-pole tower by the driving of a hydraulic motor and is changed operation control by oil pressure oil circuit and controlling organization.
That is, drive differential gear set by hydraulic motor and rotate, the axle center of this differential gear set drives a ring gear, is connected and is formed the power source of rotation with the interior cutter tower of internal diameter cutter special use by this ring gear; Cooperate again differential gear set bevel gear engagement with separate changeable power and rotate by the outer cutter tower that the axle sleeve at center drives the special use of external diameter cutter, and cooperate the start of the piston on this axle sleeve, make clutch pawl in clutch pawl on the fixed pedestal and the interior cutter tower can be synchronously mesh with the interior main clutch pawl work of outer cutter tower or separate, in separately the time, can drive the rotation and the switching position of inside and outside cutter tower just respectively, after switching is finished, mesh once again and form firm location, make the cutter on the interior or outer cutter tower can carry out required processing.
Though the structure of this double-pole tower can significantly improve the working (machining) efficiency and the speed of automatic lathes such as NC, also in long-term use, find to have following some shortcomings:
1. utilize single hydraulic motor as power source, cooperate by quite complicated oil pressure oil circuit and switching, control device and spare part again, whole cost and expense height also can increase running carrying cost in the future.
2. the start of oil pressure is with present standard, and the time of its movement response is long, switches and certain location slowly, and operating efficiency is not good, and the processing machine that can't be applied to the high speed machine uses, and can't satisfy modern quick requirement accurately.
3. oil pressure is controlled rotation and the motion that drives inside and outside double-pole tower, and the position of the inside and outside cutter tower of 2 groups of rotary switch correspondences need be arranged, and contact number bulky complex increases cost and fault rate.
4. the cooling cutting fluid when cutting, reach Wai Daota again by central shaft, reach Nei Daota more layer by layer, the tortuous changeable processing cost height that causes of stream, the puzzlement that scales and block is made at the dead angle more, and because of the asynchronous displacement of inside and outside cutter tower but stagger alternately, causing the water guide structure of continuous feed flow must have a location at least in Wai Daota is not supply water, get in advance so far certain location during each the switching and do the location and make the structure of continuous water supply can when switch, ejection not leak and delay to switch the efficient of selecting cutter, so the structure of water supply is quite undesirable.
5. inside and outside double-pole tower is displacement control start respectively, between the two can be gapped, this gap is through long-time folding meeting accumulation smear metal and the impurity of constantly repeating, be subjected to the obstruction of smear metal and impurity when causing displacement and influence the engagement locating accuracy, this precision can influence the starting point of the cutter that adds man-hour and terminal point certainly and directly influence the machining accuracy of workpiece.
6. cooperate complicated supply channel and necessary switching desired position, the distance between the outer end of inside and outside cutter tower is with relative prolongation, so except that increase overall weight and cost, the distance of this increase also can be reflected on the length of handle of a knife of interior cutter; Well known, the cutter of processing can be influenced deeply because of the length and the diameter of handle of a knife, especially less its handle of a knife of interior cutter of handle of a knife diameter protrudes out the longer High-speed machining that more is unfavorable for, effective control precision, and can cause the roughness of machined surface to increase, even significantly reduce the service life of cutter.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of cutter tower seat structure of double-pole tower, at first the high precision power source that is easy to control by servo or stepper motor etc. replaces hydraulic motor in the past, to remove the complicated and slow shortcoming of hydraulic motor and oil pressure control system, and in making, the final gear ratio of outer double-pole tower is identical and have clearly a characteristic of memory, make it to do the location that each cutter tower and cutter all can be effectively grasped in the control of rotating, the control that more can select cutter recently is to get best operating efficiency, and be applied to more on the processing machine at a high speed, and significantly reduce the cost and the standing charges of control.
Another technical problem that the present invention will solve provides a kind of cutter tower seat structure of double-pole tower, by interior, the synchronous shift control of outer double-pole tower, do not have the gap of opening between the two, so can in long-term start, not accumulate smear metal or other impurity effect precision, and the water guide structure example of setovering is no longer passed through central shaft, simplified structure and reducing cost significantly, and in making, the end face distance of outer cutter tower significantly shortens, the handle of a knife length of the interior aperture knife tool that protrudes out is shortened, increase the reliability of High-speed machining, more can be by the rotating that clearly is reflected at the servo or stepper motor of control of computer memory, to be selected the effect of cutter recently, simplify the purpose of selecting cutter and switching.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention proposes a kind of cutter tower seat structure of double-pole tower, make inside and outside cutter tower can drive the operation that cutter is selected in rotation respectively transmission of power to outer tooth ring or central shaft respectively by switchover apparatus, make it can be used as the processing of processing machine; Wherein:
This switchover apparatus is made up of power source, rotation set, power transmission shaft and driving sleeve; Power source is a servo motor, its force-output shaft is installed with a bevel gear and can meshes with the bevel gear on the rotation set, be arranged with power transmission shaft and driving sleeve in the rotation set that activity is pivoted, and can do engagement or separate power is reached on power transmission shaft or the driving sleeve with the engaging tooth and the engaging tooth of this rotation set endoporus respectively, again respectively by power transmission shaft and driving sleeve in addition after the pinion of end and the gear again with interior, affixed outer tooth ring and the gears engaged on the central shaft on the outer cutter tower, in making, outer cutter tower can do to rotate the operation that cutter is selected in driving respectively, wherein, being installed with a piston on the power transmission shaft can be by pipeline supply advance and retreat power to drive power transmission shaft and power transmission shaft interplanting displacement to switch the transmission of power, in controlling respectively, the operation of cutter is selected in the rotation of outer cutter tower.
The present invention has further proposed a kind of cutter tower seat structure of double-pole tower, makes inside and outside cutter tower can drive the operation that cutter is selected in rotation respectively transmission of power to outer tooth ring or central shaft respectively by switchover apparatus, makes it can be used as the processing of processing machine; Wherein:
The inner face of inside and outside cutter tower is installed with the outer shroud clutch pawl and the interior ring clutch pawl of clutch respectively, and this inner and outer rings clutch pawl is concaveconvex structure and makes clip in conjunction with also movable rotation, again with Fixing shrink ring on fixedly clutch pawl form a clutch, make be nested with the inside and outside cutter tower of all-in-one-piece mutually can be in Wai Daota with after central shaft be fixedlyed connected, by the drive displacement of the big piston on this central shaft, make inside and outside cutter tower make left and right displacement synchronously and do engagement with clutch or separate.
The invention allows for a kind of cutter tower seat structure of double-pole tower, make inside and outside cutter tower can drive the operation that cutter is selected in rotation respectively transmission of power to outer tooth ring or central shaft respectively, make it can be used as the processing of processing machine by switchover apparatus; Wherein:
This switchover apparatus is made up of power source, rotation set, power transmission shaft and driving sleeve; Power source is a servo motor, its force-output shaft is installed with a bevel gear and can meshes with the bevel gear on the rotation set, be arranged with power transmission shaft and driving sleeve in the rotation set that activity is pivoted, and can do engagement or separate power is reached on power transmission shaft or the driving sleeve with the engaging tooth and the engaging tooth of this rotation set endoporus respectively, again respectively by power transmission shaft and driving sleeve in addition after the pinion of end and the gear again with interior, affixed outer tooth ring and the gear on the central shaft mesh on the outer cutter tower, in making, outer cutter tower can do to rotate the operation that cutter is selected in driving respectively, wherein, being installed with a piston on the power transmission shaft can be by pipeline supply advance and retreat power to drive power transmission shaft and power transmission shaft interplanting displacement to switch the transmission of power, in controlling respectively, the operation of cutter is selected in the rotation of outer cutter tower; And:
The inner face of inside and outside cutter tower is installed with the outer shroud clutch pawl and the interior ring clutch pawl of clutch respectively, and this inner and outer rings clutch pawl is concaveconvex structure and makes clip in conjunction with also movable rotation, again with Fixing shrink ring on fixedly clutch pawl form a clutch, make be nested with the inside and outside cutter tower of all-in-one-piece mutually can be in Wai Daota with after central shaft be fixedlyed connected, by the drive displacement of the big piston on this central shaft, make inside and outside cutter tower make left and right displacement synchronously and do engagement with clutch or separate.
The cutter tower seat structure of double-pole tower as mentioned above, the pinion and the gear segment of power transmission shaft and driving sleeve one end, can be when piston be done to left dislocation, but the pinion of power transmission shaft just clip is located in the left side of tower seat internal tooth section place, make transmission of power to driving sleeve and central shaft with cutter tower start outside driving; During piston displacement to the right, the right internal tooth section place that just can make the gear segment of driving sleeve be inserted in the tower seat forms the location, and transmission of power to power transmission shaft and outer tooth ring rotated with cutter tower in driving.
The cutter tower seat structure of double-pole tower is provided with pivot in addition between driving sleeve and the central shaft as mentioned above, utilize large and small gear affixed on the pivot can be respectively with driving sleeve and central shaft on gear segment and gear make engaged transmission.
The cutter tower seat structure of double-pole tower as mentioned above, the final gear ratio that power transmission shaft and driving sleeve reach inside and outside cutter tower respectively is identical.
The cutter tower seat structure of double-pole tower as mentioned above, power source also can be stepper motor.
In sum, the present invention and known configurations are compared and are had following advantage:
1. by the single servo or stepper motor source that is used as power, fitting piston promotes the be used as power switching of direction of transfer of power transmission shaft, exempts hydraulic motor and complicated oil hydraulic circuit and control system and spare part, can effectively reduce cost and reduce running carrying cost in the future.
2. fully by the servo or stepper motor driving of precision, control is simplified and is easily clear and definite, and the reaction time is quick, can increase work efficiency effectively and be applicable to that more the machine of high speed uses.
3. the control that has clear and definite and firm memory module, cooperate the final speed ratio of inside and outside cutter tower identical again, so do to drive and when switching, can make required rotating interlock at once with single power source, and reach the positive purpose of selecting cutter recently, for operating efficiency greatest help is arranged.
4. cutting coolant is by the water guiding ring supply of a side of axle bed, and the axle center no longer needs to design complicated supply line, can effectively simplify structure and reduces cost, and more can avoid the water route to block because of the accumulation of incrustation scale.
5. inside and outside cutter tower is adopted synchronous shift and is driven, and outside the water supply of water guiding ring can be simplified, when cutter is selected in the cutter switching, needn't go to certain location in advance and still can keep water supply not interrupt, and reduces unnecessary puzzlement.
6. inside and outside cutter tower synchronous shift, so minim gap is between the two only done rotation and is not done opening and closing, so be difficult for being mingled with smear metal or impurity, more the displacement interval that causes that can cause smear metal or impurity to accumulate on this minim gap after long-term the use is not affected, so can guarantee machining accuracy.
7. significantly simplify the structure of supply channel and switching thereof, the end face distance of inside and outside cutter tower is reduced, except that the effect that minimizing weight reduces cost, the handle of a knife that more can reduce the cutter of endoporus processing by this protrudes out distance, makes the precision of the processing of endoporus can improve the usefulness that also can deal with High-speed machining.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall schematic one of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an overall schematic two of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a powershift amplification profile combination schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a part transmission schematic diagram one of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a part transmission schematic diagram two of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is an action schematic diagram one of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is an action schematic diagram two of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is an end-view of the present invention.
The drawing reference numeral explanation:
1, tower seat 11, protruding seat 12, water guide structure 121, mesopore
13, right side internal tooth section 14, Fixing shrink ring 15, left side internal tooth section 2, switchover apparatus
21, power source 211, bevel gear 22, rotation set 221, bevel gear
222, engaging tooth 23, power transmission shaft 231, engaging tooth 232, pinion
233, piston 234, inductance loop 235, pipeline 236, oil circuit
237, left sensor 238, right sensor 24, driving sleeve 241, engaging tooth
242, gear segment 25, pivot 251, gear wheel 252, pinion
3, central shaft 31, gear 32, big piston 321, pipeline
322, pipeline 33, class's section 34, throw-out collar 4, clutch
41, fixedly clutch pawl 42, outer shroud clutch pawl 43, interior ring clutch pawl 5, Nei Daota
51, outer tooth ring 511, gear 6, Wai Daota
The specific embodiment
At first, see also shown in Figure 1ly, cutter tower structure of the present invention is formed by combining by tower seat 1, switchover apparatus 2, central shaft 3, clutch 4, interior cutter tower 5 and outer cutter tower 6.
Please consult in the lump shown in Fig. 2,3, tower seat 1 of the present invention utilizes protruding seat 11 to supply to be connected with power source 21, and is provided with water guide structure 12 in other side, and cutting fluid can be entered through the through hole 121,122 of water guide structure 12 in the inside and outside cutter tower 5,6 again.Wherein power source 21 can be servo or stepper motor.
The power source 21 of switchover apparatus 2 is installed with bevel gear 211 and can meshes with the bevel gear 221 of rotation set 22, be pivoted with power transmission shaft 23 and driving sleeve 24 in the mesopore of this rotation set 22, interlude has an engaging tooth 222 and just can do to mesh or separate with the engaging tooth 231,241 of power transmission shaft 23 and driving sleeve 24 respectively.
Power transmission shaft 23 left ends have a pinion 232, right-hand member is installed with a piston 233 and inductance loop 234 after passing driving sleeve 24, by the hydraulic pressure of pipeline 235,236 connections or the left and right displacement of oil hydraulic system control piston 233, make the engaging tooth 231,241 of power transmission shaft 23 and driving sleeve 24 do respectively to mesh or separate, and inductance loop 234 can be subjected to left and right sensor 237,238 to do the position (as shown in Figure 3) of its displacements of induction respectively with engaging tooth 222.
Driving sleeve 24 is held in addition and is provided with gear segment 242 in addition, gear wheel 251 engagements on eternal and pivot 25, can do to mesh or separate with tower seat 1 right side internal tooth section 13 in addition.Pivot 25 is mounted in the protruding seat 11, is connected 252 of pinions that set firmly with gear wheel 251 and rotates (seeing also shown in Fig. 3,4) with gear 31 engagements of central shaft 3 with transmission central shaft 3 again.
The middle section of central shaft 3 is arranged with a big piston 32 in addition, can make big piston 32 make left and right displacement by the supply and the control of pipeline 321,322 pneumatics that connected or oil pressure power source, cooperate class's section 33 of central shaft 3 and stopping of throw-out collar 34 simultaneously with spacing, but the left and right displacement (as shown in Figure 2) of driven in synchronism central shaft 3.
Fixing shrink ring 14 left end face that set firmly with tower seat 1 are fixed with the fixedly clutch pawl 41 of clutch 4, the outside is arranged with an outer tooth ring 51, these outer tooth ring 51 right-hand members are gear 511 and pinion 232 engagements, the other end then sets firmly outer shroud clutch pawl 42, utilize outer shroud clutch pawl 42 to set firmly interior cutter tower 5 again, the rotation (shown in Fig. 2,5-7) of cutter tower 5 in making it to drive.
Have concavo-convex activity chimeric mutually outer shroud clutch pawl 42 and interior ring clutch pawl 43, ring clutch pawl 43 and outer cutter tower 6 are affixed in utilizing again, outer cutter tower 6 and affixed with central shaft 3, when driving central shaft 3 and do displacement so big piston 32 is made left and right displacement, also drive synchronously inside and outside cutter tower 5,6 and inner and outer rings clutch pawl 43,42 and do displacement, and can do engagement or separate (shown in Fig. 6,7) with fixing clutch pawl 41.In addition, as shown in Figure 8, be 5,6 groups of end-views of establishing of inside and outside cutter tower.
When shown in Fig. 2,6, for being in the engagement shape and giving push-tight to the right by big piston 32, whole clutch 4 guarantees locating effect, make inside and outside cutter tower 5,6 be in motionless state for processing, and rotatable driving and the switching that is used as power of power source 21 this moment.
Otherwise, when big piston 32 contacts with class section 33 and pushing tow central shaft 3 during to left dislocation to left dislocation, can be synchronously with inside and outside cutter tower 5,6 to left dislocation, make inner and outer rings clutch pawl 43,42 and fixing clutch pawl 41 separate (as shown in Figure 7), start this moment power source 21 make power through bevel gear 221, engaging tooth 222, pinion 232, gear 511, outer clutch pawl 42 and in making cutter tower 5 can rotate start and select cutter.
Be equally clutch 4 separate state the time, piston 233 is toward left dislocation, the gear 242 of driving sleeve 24 is separated with right side internal tooth section 13,241 of engaging tooths and engaging tooth 222 engagements, 231 separation of the engaging tooth of power transmission shaft 23,232 of pinions push left side internal tooth section 15 and meshs, and promptly drive link 23 location are motionless can't transferring power, and power is then driven should outer cutter tower 6 works to rotate by driving sleeve 24, gear wheel 251, gear 31, central shaft 3, outer cutter tower 6 places of transmission and select the cutter tool changing.
Afterwards, big piston 32 is displacement to the right once again, inside and outside cutter tower 5,6 is moved to right synchronously and makes clutch 4 be in the state of certain location, can carry out the processing operation of cutter.
Therefore, the present invention proposes a kind of operation and the quite high quick operation of reliability that clearly can select cutter recently of remembering, and can simplify the water-supply structure of cutting fluid, avoid smear metal impurity to accumulate in the gap to guarantee the precision of inside and outside cutter tower displacement, and the handle of a knife amount of protruding out of aperture knife tool can shorten the precision of processing to increase in the distance that significantly reduces the end face of inside and outside cutter tower made, and can be applicable to the double-pole tower structure of high speed machine.