CN1683600A - Composite electroforming preparing process for nano silicon carbide particle reinforced nickel base composite material - Google Patents
Composite electroforming preparing process for nano silicon carbide particle reinforced nickel base composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN1683600A CN1683600A CN 200510024033 CN200510024033A CN1683600A CN 1683600 A CN1683600 A CN 1683600A CN 200510024033 CN200510024033 CN 200510024033 CN 200510024033 A CN200510024033 A CN 200510024033A CN 1683600 A CN1683600 A CN 1683600A
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- silicon carbide
- carbide particle
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Abstract
The composite electroforming process of preparing nanometer silicon carbide particle reinforced nickel base composite material has electrolytic nickel block as anode material, stainless steel sheet as cathode deposition body, silicon carbide particle of 10-50 nm as reinforcing particle and ammonium cetyl bromide as co-deposition promoter. Through mixing silicon carbide particle and co-deposition promoter solution through stirring, pouring the mixed solution into electroforming solution of nickel amino sulfonate, applying DC voltage while stirring the electroforming solution to make nickel ion and reinforcing particle deposit together onto the cathode mother body and stripping the composite electroformed layer, integrated nanometer silicon carbide particle reinforced nickel base composite material is produced. The produced composite material has high hardness, high strength, high ductibility and relatively great thickness, and may be used as functional structure material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of nickel-base composite material, relate in particular to and a kind ofly adopt composite electroformed method to prepare the method that particle diameter is nano level silicon carbide particle reinforced nickel base composite material, belong to the composite plating technology field.
Background technology
Adopt composite plating technology to prepare silicon carbide particle reinforced nickel base composite material, can give the higher hardness of metallic nickel, better characteristic such as wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant, it for a change or machinery, physics and the chemical property of regulating metallic nickel great possibility and diversity are provided.But composite plating technology mainly is to carry out surface treatment, in most cases only is that the thinner thickness of requirement is compared with bulk material at component surface plating one deck matrix material, and its range of application is narrower.Prepare the whole functional structure matrix material that uses separately, composite plating process also needs in conjunction with other technologies.In addition, the traditional method that is used to prepare particles reiforced metal-base composition is also a lot, as diffusion bonding method (solid state process), molten metal infiltration method (liquid infiltration method), casting, composite casting, original position method of formation, powder metallurgic method, machine-alloying etc., but the complex technical process of these methods, processing parameter is more, the need that have at high temperature carry out, and serious surface reaction also takes place between metallic matrix and enhancing body easily, finally cause performance of composites to descend.In addition, second distribution of phase solid particulate in metallic matrix also is difficult to control evenly, and be especially difficult especially for the nanometer enhanced granule, because nano particle is easily reunited, causes the nano particle in the metallic matrix not have strengthening effect on the contrary.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of composite electroforming preparing process of nano silicon carbide particle reinforced nickel base composite material is proposed, in conjunction with complex electrodeposit axiom and galvanoplastics, relatively low at cost, under the not high situation of service temperature, the preparation nano particle is evenly distributed, the relative common electrical coated coating of integral thickness is big, have the hardness height, intensity height, nickel-base composite material that ductility is big, can be used as functional structure material separately.
For realizing such purpose, technical scheme of the present invention is: based on complex electrodeposit axiom, as anode material, as the cathodic deposition parent, electroform bath is selected nickel aminosulfonic bath for use with stainless steel substrates with the electrolysis nickel block.At first be that nano level silicon-carbide particle joins and carries out ultrasonic stirring in the aqueous solution of codeposition promotor preparation or manually stir with particle diameter, be poured in the electroform bath after stirring fully, logical direct current, adopt agitator constantly to stir electroform bath simultaneously, make silicon-carbide particle even suspended dispersed in plating bath, metallic nickel ions and silicon-carbide particle common deposited will have certain thickness complex electroform coating at last and peel off and obtain whole nano silicon carbide particle reinforced nickel base composite material from negative electrode on the negative electrode parent.
Anode material used in the present invention is commercially available electrolysis nickel block, and electroform bath is selected nickel sulphamate electroform bath for use, and the composition dosage range is: nickel sulfamic acid (Ni (NH
2SO
3)
24H
2O): 200～400g/L; Nickelous chloride (NiCl
26H
2O): 5～25g/L; Boric acid (H
3BO
3): 20～50g/L; The particle diameter of nano silicon carbide granulate is from 10nm to 50nm, and the interpolation concentration in electroform bath is 10～80g/L; Adopt the hexadecyl amine bromide to do codeposition promotor, addition is 0.5～5g/L; Galvanic size adopts current density to represent that current density range of the present invention is 8～20A/dm
2Agitator stirring frequency scope is: 40～200 rev/mins; The temperature range of electroform bath is 35～65 ℃, and electroforming was peeled off coating after 20～40 hours from the negative electrode stainless steel substrates, obtains whole nano silicon carbide particle reinforced nickel base composite material.
Of the present invention composite electroformed be in the aqueous solution, to carry out, temperature is no more than 90 ℃, and only needs to transform slightly on general electroplating device basis and just can be used as this composite electroformed equipment, cost is lower.Can effectively control the content of nano silicon carbide granulate in nickel-base composite material and the degree that is evenly distributed by the adjusting process parameter in addition, make material in a big way, keep better physical and mechanical property.The nano silicon carbide particle reinforced nickel base composite material of the present invention's preparation, its thickness is adjustable to tens millimeters from several millimeters, and the carborundum particle particle is evenly distributed in Ni substrate, material surface is smooth, hardness HV can nearly 700, tensile strength can reach 750MPa, and unit elongation still remains on 15%.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is further described.Following examples only are used to the present invention is described and are not used in and limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
Anode material is the electrolysis nickel block, selects for use stainless steel substrates as the cathodic deposition body.The composition of nickel sulphamate electroform bath is: nickel sulfamic acid (Ni (NH
2SO
3)
24H
2O): 300g/L; Nickelous chloride (NiCl
26H
2O): 5g/L; Boric acid (H
3BO
3): 40g/L.The silicon-carbide particle particle diameter is 50nm, and the addition in electroform bath is 35g/L, and codeposition promotor composition is the hexadecyl amine bromide, and the addition in electroform bath is 2.0g/L.The adjusting process parameter: cathode current density is 8A/dm
2Bath temperature is 55 ℃; Stirring frequency is 60 rev/mins.
At first codeposition promotor is dissolved in the distilled water, again nano silicon carbide granulate is put into and wherein soaked into and carry out ultrasonic stirring and manually stir, with the nano silicon carbide granulate of smashing reunion and it is disperseed in solution more, pour in the electroform bath together afterwards, and adopt agitator constantly to stir electroform bath, electroforming was peeled off coating after 30 hours from the negative electrode stainless steel substrates.Obtain whole nano silicon carbide particle reinforced nickel base composite material at last.
Wherein, described agitator adopts the board-like lifting agitator of development voluntarily, and the flat board that is drilled with many apertures by driven by motor pumps in groove, makes particle even suspended dispersed in plating bath.
Present embodiment gained silicon carbide particle reinforced nickel base composite material thickness is 3.7 millimeters.Through the X fluorescent spectroscopy, the silicon-carbide particle content in the nano silicon carbide particle reinforced nickel base composite material is 2.4% (mass percent), and microhardness HV is 595, and tensile strength is 665MPa, and unit elongation is 8%.
Embodiment 2:
Anode material is the electrolysis nickel block, selects for use stainless steel substrates as the cathodic deposition body.The composition of nickel sulphamate electroform bath is: nickel sulfamic acid (Ni (NH
2SO
3)
24H
2O): 350g/L; Nickelous chloride (NiCl
26H
2O): 10g/L; Boric acid (H
3BO
3): 45g/L.The silicon-carbide particle particle diameter is 20nm, and the addition in electroform bath is 35g/L, and codeposition promotor composition is the hexadecyl amine bromide, and the addition in electroform bath is 2.0g/L.The adjusting process parameter: cathode current density is 12A/dm
2Bath temperature is 65 ℃; Stirring frequency is 55 rev/mins.
At first codeposition promotor is dissolved in the distilled water, again nano silicon carbide granulate is put into and wherein soaked into and carry out ultrasonic stirring and manually stir, with the nano silicon carbide granulate of smashing reunion and it is disperseed in solution more, pour in the electroform bath together afterwards, and adopt agitator constantly to stir electroform bath, electroforming was peeled off coating after 30 hours from the negative electrode stainless steel substrates.Obtain whole nano silicon carbide particle reinforced nickel base composite material at last.
Present embodiment gained silicon carbide particle reinforced nickel base composite material thickness is 4.1 millimeters.Through the X fluorescent spectroscopy, the silicon-carbide particle content in the nano silicon carbide particle reinforced nickel base composite material is 3.2% (mass percent), and microhardness HV is 628, and tensile strength is 736MPa, and unit elongation is 13%.
Embodiment 3:
Anode material is the electrolysis nickel block, selects for use stainless steel substrates as the cathodic deposition body.The composition of nickel sulphamate electroform bath is: nickel sulfamic acid (Ni (NH
2SO
3)
24H
2O): 380g/L; Nickelous chloride (NiCl
26H
2O): 10g/L; Boric acid (H
3BO
3): 45g/L.The silicon-carbide particle particle diameter is 20nm, and the addition in electroform bath is 50g/L, and codeposition promotor composition is the hexadecyl amine bromide, and the addition in electroform bath is 2.5g/L.The adjusting process parameter: cathode current density is 20A/dm
2Bath temperature is 65 ℃; Stirring frequency is 60 rev/mins.
At first codeposition promotor is dissolved in the distilled water, again nano silicon carbide granulate is put into and wherein soaked into and carry out ultrasonic stirring and manually stir, with the nano silicon carbide granulate of smashing reunion so that its in solution, disperse more, pour in the electroform bath together afterwards, and adopt agitator constantly to stir electroform bath, electroforming was peeled off coating after 30 hours from the negative electrode stainless steel substrates.Obtain whole nano silicon carbide particle reinforced nickel base composite material at last.
Present embodiment gained silicon carbide particle reinforced nickel base composite material thickness is 4.8 millimeters.Through the X fluorescent spectroscopy, the silicon-carbide particle content in the nano silicon carbide particle reinforced nickel base composite material is 3.4% (mass percent), and microhardness HV is 645, and tensile strength is 635MPa, and unit elongation is 15%.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of composite electroforming preparing process of nano silicon carbide particle reinforced nickel base composite material, it is characterized in that with the electrolysis nickel block as anode material, as the cathodic deposition parent, electroform bath composition dosage range is: nickel sulfamic acid 200～400g/L with stainless steel substrates; Nickelous chloride 5～25g/L; Boric acid 20～50g/L; The particle diameter of nano silicon carbide granulate is 10～50nm, and the addition in electroform bath is 10～80g/L; Adopt the hexadecyl amine bromide to do codeposition promotor, the addition in electroform bath is 0.5～5g/L; At first silicon-carbide particle is joined in the aqueous solution of codeposition promotor preparation, be poured in the electroform bath after the stirring fully, logical direct current, current density range is 8～20A/dm
2The temperature range of electroform bath is 35～65 ℃, adopt agitator constantly to stir electroform bath simultaneously, agitator stirring frequency scope is: 40～200 rev/mins, make silicon-carbide particle even suspended dispersed in plating bath, metallic nickel ions and silicon-carbide particle common deposited are on the negative electrode parent, and electroforming was peeled off coating after 20～40 hours from the negative electrode stainless steel substrates, obtain whole nano silicon carbide particle reinforced nickel base composite material.
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| CN1132968C (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2003-12-31 | 上海交通大学 | Composite electroforming process of nickel-base composite material |
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