Technical scheme
Purpose of the present invention just provides a kind of efficient self-adapted charging system of external that is used for mobile electronic device, mobile electronic device to any different model, do not need it is done any change, the power supply adaptor that uses mobile electronic device self to be equipped with, under the situation of not doing the total power conversion, can charge to reaching external battery in the machine simultaneously, or separately external battery is charged, make external battery can adapt to the different voltage and currents that power supply adaptor provided of different mobile electronic devices automatically, prolong the mobile electronic device power supply to greatest extent, prolong the operating time of mobile electronic device.
A kind of mobile electronic device is the efficient self-adapted charging system of external of notebook computer particularly, AC power source adapter 1 by the mobile electronic device first wife, DC input interface 2, charge control system 3 and battery pack 4 are formed, the direct current of adapter 1 output is inserted charge control system 3 by DC input interface 2, charge to external battery group 4 through charge control system 3, charge control system 3 divides 31 by the self adaptation charging control section, adapter test section 32, straight-through power supply circuits 33, output voltage detecting circuit 34, constant voltage outlet line 35, output current detection circuit 36, formations such as single-chip microcomputer IC3, it is characterized in that the self adaptation charging control section divides 31 by single-chip microcomputer IC3 control circuit, battery pack is charged, when single-chip microcomputer detects adapter electricity is arranged, export the adjustable pwm signal of a pulsewidth by 13 pin of single-chip microcomputer, this signal is through BG4, BG5, after BG6 amplifies, control Q2 conducting charges the battery.
Self adaptation live part 31 is made up of field effect transistor Q2, Q3, diode D1, D2, energy storage inductor L1, filter capacitor C3, triode BG4, BG5, BG6 capacitor C 4, resistance R 12, R13, R14, R48, R49 and related elements, wherein: Q2, D1, L1 and C3 have constituted " step-down PWM element circuit " 311, can realize step-down output by the PWM that regulates Q2, Q2 goes back double as battery pack " charging allows control switch " simultaneously and uses; Q3, L1, D2, C3 constitute " the PWM element circuit boosts " 312, can realize the output of boosting by the PWM that regulates Q3; C22, C23, R48, R49 constitute " charging current testing circuit " 313; C4, R12, R15, R16 form " battery voltage detection circuit " 314.
This invention accessory is few, connect simple and convenient, be applicable to the mobile electronic device of different model, do not need mobile electronic device is done any change, the power supply adaptor that uses mobile electronic device self to be equipped with, under the situation of not doing the total power conversion, can charge to reaching external battery in the machine simultaneously, or separately external battery is charged, make external battery can adapt to the different voltage and currents that power supply adaptor provided of different notebooks automatically, prolong the mobile electronic device power supply to greatest extent, prolong the operating time of mobile electronic device.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the description of accompanying drawing, principle of the present invention and working method are described further.
Present embodiment is by mobile electronic device such as notebook computer first wife's AC power source adapter 1, DC input interface 2, charge control system 3 and battery pack 4 are formed, the direct current of adapter 1 output is arrived charge control system 3 by DC input interface 2, charge to external battery group 4 through charge control system 3, charge control system 3 is by self adaptation live part 31, adapter test section 32, straight-through power supply circuits 33, output voltage detecting circuit 34, constant voltage outlet line 35, formations such as output current detection circuit 36 and single-chip microcomputer IC3, it is characterized in that the self adaptation charging control section divides 31 by single-chip microcomputer IC3 control circuit, battery pack is charged, when single-chip microcomputer detects adapter electricity is arranged, export the adjustable pwm signal of a pulsewidth by 13 pin of single-chip microcomputer, this signal is through BG4, BG5, after BG6 amplifies, control Q2 conducting charges the battery.
Self adaptation live part 31 is by field effect transistor Q2, Q3, diode D1, D2, energy storage inductor L1, filter capacitor C3, triode BG4, BG5, BG6 capacitor C 4, resistance R 12, R13, R14, R48, R49 and related elements and single-chip microcomputer IC3 form, wherein: Q2, D1, L1 and C3 have constituted " step-down PWM element circuit " 311, can realize step-down output by the PWM that regulates Q2, Q2 goes back double as battery pack " charging allows control switch " simultaneously and uses; Q3, L1, D2, C3 constitute " the PWM element circuit boosts " 312, can realize the output of boosting by the PWM that regulates Q3; C22, C23, R48, R49 constitute " charging current testing circuit " 313; C4, R12, R15, R16 form " battery voltage detection circuit " 314.
When single-chip microcomputer detects adapter electricity is arranged, export the adjustable pwm signal of a pulsewidth by 13 pin of single-chip microcomputer, this signal is after BG4, BG5, BG6 amplify, and control Q2 conducting charges the battery.
When " charging current testing circuit " detected charging current and do not reach the constant current charge value of design, scm software was widened the control impuls width of " step-down PWM element circuit " automatically, increased charging current.
When " charging current testing circuit " detect charging current greater than the design the constant current charge value time, scm software reduces the control impuls width of " step-down PWM element circuit " automatically, reduces charging current.Realized step-down constant current charge thus to battery pack.
When the adapter input voltage is lower than battery voltage, " step-down PWM element circuit " even if the control impuls width be increased to 100%, can not guarantee that charging current is constant, be converted to " the PWM element circuit boosts " automatically by Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) program and charge this moment.
Single-chip microcomputer 13 pin output earlier continue high level signal, make Q2 continue conducting, and 14 pin are exported the adjustable pwm signal of a pulsewidth, this signal controlling Q3 conducting simultaneously.
When the Q3 conducting, electric current flows through Q2, L1, Q3, and is that magnetic energy is stored in the L1 magnetic core with power conversion, has no progeny when Q3 closes, and after the energy that L1 stores and the input of adapter are superimposed, is higher than cell voltage, can give batteries charging.Q3 conducting pulse duration is subjected to Single-chip Controlling, and width is wide more to be that charging current is big more.
In charging, " battery voltage detection circuit " monitors cell voltage simultaneously, when cell voltage reaches when being full of magnitude of voltage, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) program changes the constant voltage charge program over to, according to the rising of cell voltage, reduces the charging pulsewidth automatically, reduce charging current, realize constant voltage charge.When charging current during less than certain value, single-chip microcomputer 13 pin output signals are turn-offed Q2, and battery is full of.
By above circuit and single-chip microcomputer inner control program, realized self adaptation charging to battery pack.
Adapter test section 32 is made up of R1, R2, C1 and single-chip microcomputer IC3 relevant portion.
When the voltage of adapter input obtains a magnitude of voltage Vin after R1, R2 dividing potential drop, the 5V power supply benchmark of this magnitude of voltage Vin and single-chip microcomputer inside compares, and as Vin during greater than 5V, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) program is declared adapter electricity, is lower than 5V and then declares adapter and do not have.
Q1, BG1, R3, R4 and R5 form straight-through power supply circuits 33.
When single-chip microcomputer detects adapter electricity is arranged, export a high level signal by 32 pin of single-chip microcomputer, this signal makes the Q1 conducting behind BG1 and R3, R4, R5, Q1 adopts high-power FET, after the conducting, its conducting resistance only is tens of milliohms, and the current loss of straight-through output can be ignored.
Output voltage detecting circuit 34 is made of the potential-divider network that R21, R22 and C6 form.
Constant voltage outlet line 35 is made up of Q4, Q5, D3, BG7, L2, C5 and related elements.
When battery pack was exported, single-chip microcomputer 2 pin were exported a high level signal, control Q4 behind BG7, make the Q4 conducting, and battery pack current is exported through L2, D3.
When output voltage detecting circuit detects the voltage of output when on the low side, export the adjustable pwm signal of a pulsewidth by single-chip microcomputer 15 pin, this signal controlling Q5 conducting.
When the Q5 conducting, electric current flows through through Q4, L2, Q5, and is that magnetic energy is stored in the L2 magnetic core with power conversion, have no progeny when Q5 closes, the energy that L2 stores with the output of battery pack superimposed after, be higher than the battery pack output voltage, can realize exporting and boost.Q5 conducting pulse duration is subjected to single-chip microcomputer 15 foot control systems, and width is wide more to be that output voltage is high more.
Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) program detects output voltage by output voltage detecting circuit, and by adjusting the pulsewidth of Q5, makes output voltage constant.
IC1 and peripheral line related constitute single voltage detecting circuit of battery.Can measure the voltage of every battery in the battery pack by this circuit, and when relative program is implemented in charge and discharge in the single-chip microcomputer, to every battery overcharge, over.
LED0 and R34, R36, BG9 constitute charging and low-current alarming indicating circuit.
K1, LED1, LED2, LED3, LED4, R41, R42, R43, R44 constitute the battery electric quantity indicating circuit.When the user pressed the K1 button, single-chip microcomputer was measured battery voltage, and magnitude of voltage is converted into the percentage of corresponding electric weight, showed by 4 light-emitting diodes.
BG2, BG3, R6, R7, R8, C2 form power-saving control circuit.
When battery pack is not worked, export a low level signal by single-chip microcomputer BG2 is turn-offed, stop power supply, with conserve batteries group electric energy to IC1.
When batteries charging and discharge, it is open-minded with BG2 to export a high level signal by single-chip microcomputer, to IC1 power supply, single voltage detecting circuit operate as normal of battery.
D4, D5, D6, BG8, IC2, R28, C10, C24 form the single-chip microcomputer power supply circuits.By selecting the little power consumption three-terminal voltage-stabilizing of HT7150 IC for use, and in conjunction with power-saving control program in the single-chip microcomputer, power consumption is less than 1mA in the time of can making complete machine battery-powered.
R31, R32, R33 and C13, C14 form output current detection circuit 36.
When output current detection circuit has detected electric current output, single-chip microcomputer will stop the charging that the self adaptation charging control section is given battery automatically.
Output voltage 19V with cells in notebook computer is that example 3 further specifies operation principle of the present invention and process in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Under the common cooperation of current detection circuit, voltage detecting circuit, step-down PWM element circuit, boost PWM element circuit, single chip machine controlling circuit, realize constant voltage, constant current charge.
As can be seen from the figure,, when charging again, just can start " the PWM element circuit boosts ", and be to guarantee constant current charge in the superimposed mode of part boosting mode and adapter service voltage when the electric weight of battery pack has been put into extremely lowly.So can high efficiency utilize electric energy, reduce the wastage.
All the time the charged state of battery pack is followed the tracks of, guarantee that constant current charge behind 19V, just changes the constant voltage charge state over to.According to the rising of cell voltage, constantly reduce its charging current, during less than a minimum set point 0.02C, turn-off Q2 up to charging current by the 13rd pin output control signal of IC3, battery really is full of.
When charging, in order to guarantee the fail safe of its charging, other establishes an element circuit " single voltage detecting circuit of battery ".This circuit can be monitored the change in voltage state of every battery according to the difference of charging stage, to guarantee to overcharge the danger that is brought.
Automatically adjust charging current and voltage, guarantee that fully battery pack is in optimal charge state, i.e. self adaptation.
When using externally hanging battery to power to notebook separately, the voltage stabilizing process is as follows:
When battery pack was higher than 19V, the 2nd pin of IC3 was exported a control signal, makes the Q4 conducting, direct voltage output, and do not work by the part boost conversion circuit that Q5, L2, D3 etc. form.
When battery pack was lower than 19V, the 15th pin of IC3 is exported a control signal, is started working by the part boost conversion circuit that Q5, L2, D3 etc. form, and was superimposed with cell voltage, reached output again behind the 19V.Be that the self adaptation electric weight reduces the change in voltage of being brought, guarantee the output of rated value 19V voltage all the time.Simultaneously, because playing single battery, compositions such as IC1 " single voltage detecting circuit of battery " cross the effect of putting protection.It is the single-chip microcomputer of ATMEGA8L that single-chip microcomputer IC3 in the charging system can select model for use.
When charge control system 3 is the external battery charge of other mobile electronic devices such as Digital Video, digital camera, mobile phone, only need parameter differences such as voltage, get final product and the parameter of the corresponding software of single-chip microcomputer IC3 and corresponding current, voltage detecting circuit is made corresponding modify according to corresponding device external battery.
Charge control system 3 of the present invention can be designed to one with battery pack 4, and during use, the user only need carry the original-pack adapter of battery pack and mobile electronic device and get final product, and this also is that the present invention compares to existing charging technique and has the marked improvement part.