Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of multiple functional, efficient and cheap solar LED lamp circuit.
A kind of solar LED lamp circuit provided by the present invention, comprise solar cell, rechargeable battery, charging circuit and several LED, it is characterized in that: further comprising sunlight detection control circuit and battery over-discharge protection circuit, led drive circuit, wherein: described solar cell one road is connected to charging circuit, and another road is connected to sunlight and detects control circuit and battery over-discharge protection circuit; Described charging circuit one road is connected to rechargeable battery, and another road is connected to sunlight and detects control circuit and battery over-discharge protection circuit and led drive circuit; The output that described sunlight detects control circuit and battery over-discharge protection circuit is connected to led drive circuit; Described led drive circuit outputs to LED.
In above-mentioned solar LED lamp circuit, led drive circuit is to be core and by having constituted the circuit with constant-current driving LED in conjunction with peripheral discrete devices inductance L, diode D3, capacitor C and resistance R 3 with pulse frequency modulated DC-DC voltage boosting pressurizer (hereinafter to be referred as IC), wherein: an end of inductance L connects the positive pole of rechargeable battery 5, and the other end connects the Lx end of IC, the positive pole of diode D3 and the positive pole of LED; The negative pole of diode D3 connects the Vout end of IC and an end of capacitor C; The other end of capacitor C connects an end of resistance R 3 and the negative pole of LED; The other end of resistance R 3 is connected to the GND end of IC and the negative pole of rechargeable battery 5; The CE end of IC is the chip controls end.
In above-mentioned solar LED lamp circuit, led drive circuit has adopted the pulsed drive mode.
In above-mentioned solar LED lamp circuit, sunlight detects control circuit and the battery over-discharge protection circuit is made up of transistor T, resistance R 2, diode D2 and current-limiting resistance R1, and wherein: the emitter of transistor T connects the positive pole of rechargeable battery; Collector electrode connects an end of resistance R 2, exports as the control of led drive circuit then; The other end of resistance R 2 connects the negative pole of rechargeable battery; The base stage of transistor T connects the positive pole of diode D2; The negative pole of diode connects the end of current-limiting resistance R1, and the other end of current-limiting resistance R1 connects the positive pole of solar cell.
In above-mentioned solar LED lamp circuit, the PN junction number of diode D2 satisfies calculating formula: (the round as a result of the total rechargeable battery cut-ff voltage of circuit-0.5V)/0.5V.
In above-mentioned solar LED lamp circuit, diode D2 is and the corresponding voltage-stabiliser tube of magnitude of voltage.
In above-mentioned solar LED lamp circuit, diode D2 is the transistor with PN junction feature.
In above-mentioned solar LED lamp circuit, between the collector electrode of resistance R 2 and transistor T, also connect a resistance R 4.
In above-mentioned solar LED lamp circuit, between the positive pole of the emitter of transistor T and rechargeable battery, also be connected a resistance R 4.
Because led drive circuit of the present invention has adopted advanced pulse frequency modulated DC-DC voltage boosting pressurizer as control circuit; and constituted circuit by ingenious in conjunction with peripheral discrete devices with constant-current driving LED, and sunlight to detect control circuit and battery over-discharge protection circuit be the circuit that can light-operated switch can protect battery again.The application of ultracapacitor so one aspect of the present invention has satisfied single-unit Ni-Cd or Ni-MH rechargeable battery also makes the LED brightness of driving reach best on the other hand, and the operating time of battery reaches best.Therefore, the present invention has had the circuit compactness, has consumed extremely low, multiple functional, efficient and cheap characteristics.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1; the circuit structure of solar LED (Light Emitting Diode) lamp of the present invention; divide from circuit function; except solar cell 4, rechargeable battery 5 and LED; this circuit mainly is made up of following three partial circuits, and promptly charging circuit 1, led drive circuit 3 and sunlight detect control circuit and battery over-discharge protection circuit 2.
Wherein:
Solar cell 4 one road is connected to charging circuit 1, and another road is connected to sunlight and detects control circuit and battery over-discharge protection circuit 2; Charging circuit 1 one road is connected to rechargeable battery 5, and another road is connected to sunlight and detects control circuit and battery over-discharge protection circuit 2 and led drive circuit 3; Sunlight detects control circuit and battery over-discharge protection circuit 2 is connected to led drive circuit 3; Led drive circuit 3 outputs to LED.
Referring to Fig. 2, charging circuit 1 has adopted a low-loss diode D1, and its positive pole is connected to the positive pole of solar cell S, and negative pole is connected to the positive pole of rechargeable battery BT; The negative pole of solar cell S links to each other with the negative pole of rechargeable battery BT.Because Ni-Cd and Ni-MH rechargeable battery all have the anti-over-charging electricity, so this circuit does not need to add in addition the additives for overcharge protection circuit.
Led drive circuit 3 has adopted the controller of PFM STEP-UP DC/DCCONVERTER (pulse frequency modulated DC-DC voltage boosting pressurizer) (being designated hereinafter simply as PFM DC/DC boost-voltage regulator) the integrated circuit (IC) BL8530 of company of Shanghai Belling production as driving LED, since this IC built-in power transistor, expand stream so this circuit periphery need not to add power transistor in addition.By having formed function with constant-current driving LED in conjunction with peripheral discrete devices inductance L, diode D3, capacitor C and resistance R 3 etc.
One end of inductance L connects anode, and the other end connects the Lx end of IC, the positive pole of diode D3 and the positive pole of LED; The negative pole of diode D3 connects the Vout end of IC, an end of capacitor C; The other end of capacitor C connects an end of resistance R 3 and the negative pole of LED; The other end of resistance R 3 is connected to GND end and the battery cathode of IC; The CE of IC end is the chip opening end, during high level for opening.
When circuit start is worked, storing the required energy that boosts on the inductance L, capacitor C is storing the needed voltage of IC operate as normal, and 3 of resistance R to be current limliting use is overcurrent feedback usefulness.The excessive phenomenon of electric current appears in the LED that supposes output, this current signal must produce higher feedback voltage on R3, because the voltage on the capacitor C can not change moment, so the voltage of R3 adds the voltage of capacitor C and must be higher than original Vout voltage, so just caused that the IC internal circuit can detect output and have big electric current to occur, the IC internal control circuit will start PFM (pulse frequency modulated) mode of operation at once this moment, and output current is lowered.
In order to improve the luminous efficiency of LED, this led drive circuit has adopted the pulsed drive mode, this mode eliminated general in the DC driven mode the constant current form or the constant voltage form under the pressure drop that must produce of big electric current through Schottky diode, therefore greatly reduce the loss of entire circuit, improved the efficient of complete machine.
Owing to adopted the pulsed drive mode, so this circuit greatly reduces the coherence request of its forward conduction voltage drop of LED that parallel connection is used, the output of this circuit can directly drive the inconsistent same model LED of forward conduction voltage drop of a plurality of parallel connections, and does not need to be connected in series flows resistance in each LED loop.
Sunlight detects control circuit and battery over-discharge protection circuit 2, is actually a circuit that unites two into one.The emitter of transistor T connects the positive pole of battery; Collector electrode connects an end of resistance R 4; The other end of R4 connects resistance R 2, connects the CE end of IC then; The other end of resistance R 2 connects the negative pole of battery; The base stage b of transistor T connects the positive pole of diode D2; The negative pole of diode connects an end of resistance R 1; The other end of resistance R 1 connects the positive pole of solar cell.
It is to be noted the not necessarily single PN junction of diode D2, when rechargeable battery was single-unit, diode D2 was a PN junction; When rechargeable battery was binodal or more piece, diode D2 was a plurality of PN junctions; Its relationship is:
The PN junction number of D2=(the total rechargeable battery cut-ff voltage of circuit-0.5V)/0.5V
Result of calculation rounds after rounding up.
Herein, diode D2 also can be the corresponding voltage-stabiliser tube of magnitude of voltage, or the transistor with PN junction feature.
Principle of the present invention is: daytime, when The sun came up comes, voltage on the solar cell S rises gradually, because transistor T, diode D2 and resistance R 1 current in loop sharply descend, thereby the collector current that causes transistor T becomes very little, so the pressure drop on the resistance R 2 is very low, at this moment IC crosses low being closed because of the CE terminal voltage.At dusk, the sun sets, voltage on the solar cell S descends gradually, when having dropped to transistor T, diode D2 and resistance R 1 current in loop and increased fast, because it is big that the collector current of transistor T becomes, so the voltage on resistance R 2 uprises, at this moment IC is unlocked because of the CE terminal voltage raises, and the LED lamp is lighted this moment.
Night, along with LED lights work, voltage on the rechargeable battery BT will slowly descend thereupon, when cell voltage is discharged to 1V (is 0.8V for ultracapacitor), because the effect of PN junction, the Ib electric current of transistor T will descend fast, thereby cause transistor T to end, IC is quit work, so rechargeable battery BT just can be by overdischarge.
In actual applications also can be with the location swap of diode D2 and resistance R 1, its effect can not be changed.
In addition, circuit shown in Figure 2 also is feasible through some conversion, and such as resistance of adjunction between the emitter of transistor T and anode, its circuit function can not be changed; Also can be omitted under the not really high situation of complete machine performance requirement such as resistance R 4 again, between the emitter of the access transistor T that perhaps also resistance R 4 can be replaced and the anode or the like.
In order to reduce the peripheral components of this circuit, also in order further to reduce the cost of complete machine, the exploitation application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) is possible simultaneously.Wherein can be with resistance R 1, R2, R4; Diode D2, D3; Devices such as transistor T and PFM DC/DC boost-voltage regulator IC integrate, perhaps also a part of peripheral components and PFM DC/DC boost-voltage regulator IC can be integrated, become a ASIC (integrated circuit of special-purpose) that is specifically applied to solar LED (Light Emitting Diode) lamp.
The exploitation dedicated devices also is possible.Both diode D2 and transistor T can be integrated, constitute new functional form transistor.
More than all embodiment only for the explanation the present invention usefulness, but not limitation of the present invention, person skilled in the relevant technique, under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can also make various conversion or modification, therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also should belong within the category of the present invention, should be limited by each claim, and include within the scope of claim.