CN1676645A - Nano granule reinforced high-tough cast magnesium alloy and its preparing and shaping process - Google Patents
Nano granule reinforced high-tough cast magnesium alloy and its preparing and shaping process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
This invention provides a nano grain reinforcing high tenacity founding magnesium alloy and its preparation method, and belongs to magnesium alloy technology field. The components are: 5.0-10.0% Al, 0.1-1.0%Zn, 0.05-0.5%Mn, limiting element Si is less than or equal to 0.05%, Fe is less than or equal to 0.005%, Cu is less than or equal to 0.01%, Ni is less than or equal to 0.002%, and the rest is Mg. The grains are SiC grains with diameter less than 100nm, the adding amount is 0.1-3.0% of alloy volume content. Add pre-treated block nanometer grains in the melted liquid or half-solid magnesium alloy solution and make it dispersively distribute in the alloy and get the needed cast through gravity moulding and die casting. The strong points of this invention are: under the conditions of gravity moulding and die casting, the pulling resistance intension is more than 230MPa, and the extending ratio is more than 15%, and has good comprehensive performance. The magnesium alloy has good fluidity, and is suitable for the casting in cool chamber.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the magnesium alloy technical field, a kind of nano particle enhanced high-toughness casting magnesium alloy and preparation forming technology thereof particularly are provided.
Background technology
Magnesium alloy is the lightest a kind of in the modern structural metallic materials, and density is about 1.7g/cm
3, be 1/4 of steel approximately, 2/3 of aluminium.The reserves of magnesium elements in the earth's crust and seawater are abundant, and the magnesium resource of China is especially abundant, and reserves rank first in the world.The advantage of magnesium alloy is that density is little, specific tenacity, specific rigidity height, damping property is good, also has good castability simultaneously, machinability, thermal conductivity and electromagnetic shielding ability are widely used in fields such as automobile industry, Aeronautics and Astronautics, opticinstrument manufacturing and national defence.Thereby mg-based material is considered to " green material " of tool development and application potentiality, and exploitation prospect is wide.
Cast magnesium alloys with its account for the total usage quantity of Structure of magnesium alloy material more than 70% and widespread use; but in application, also be subjected to the unfavorable restriction of obdurability, received concern owing to have excellent performance by particle or fibre-reinforced magnesium alloy materials.The fiber reinforcement cast magnesium alloys is because complex process, the cost height, drawbacks limit such as finished product machine poor processability its use, it is simple with its technology that particle strengthens cast magnesium alloys, advantages such as low cost obtains the variation of final dimension structure, and machinability is good and obtained certain application.
Strengthen in cast magnesium alloys technology and the technology at present particle, mostly adopting micron particles to strengthen body, is that cost obtains the raising of intensity to a certain extent (D.J.Lioyd, International Materials Reviews with the plasticity of sacrificial magnesium alloy material, 1994, Vol 39).And nano material has special performance and the research focus that becomes, adopts nanometer to strengthen body enhanced magnesium alloy materials and is expected to collect rice material and matrix material, and material property is further improved.The method of use prepared by mechanical alloy reinforced by nanoparticles magnesium base composite material is applicable to the preparation (H.Ferkel etc. of reinforced by nanoparticles deformed magnesium alloy material, MaterialsScience and Engineering A, 2001, Vol 298), utilize ultrasonic technology to prepare the reinforced by nanoparticles magnesium alloy materials certain effect (Jie Lan etc. are also arranged, Materials Science and Engineering A, 2004, Vol 386), but above method all has complex process, the equipment requirements height, preparation is little in batches, the restriction that cost is high is not suitable for the preparation and the forming technology of reinforced by nanoparticles casting magnesium alloy material.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of nano particle enhanced high-toughness casting magnesium alloy and preparation forming technology thereof.To obtain the high-toughness casting magnesium alloy better than the obdurability of existing cast magnesium alloys.
Content of the present invention comprises: the composition of reinforced by nanoparticles casting magnesium alloy material, and nano particle strengthens the preparation forming technology of cast magnesium alloys.
The component of cast magnesium alloys body material of the present invention and weight percent content are 5.0～10.0%Al, 0.1～1.0%Zn, and 0.05～0.5%Mn, constraint element Si≤0.05%, Fe≤0.005%, Cu≤0.01%, Ni≤0.002%, all the other are Mg.
Preparation forming technology of the present invention is: the cast magnesium alloys that uses flux and inert atmosphere protection mode composition range that melting is given; keeping liquid magnesium alloy after fusing is liquid state or semi-solid state; in liquid magnesium alloy, add pretreated lumpy nanometer particle then; use violent stirring to make being distributed in the alloy of nano particle even dispersion; after the refining degasification; liquid magnesium alloy is controlled to required temperature, adopts die cast or die casting to obtain required foundry goods.The cast magnesium alloys that obtains has good obdurability, is better than general cast magnesium alloys, and has good flowability
To add nano particle be the SiC nano particle, particle diameter is less than 100nm, addition is 0.1～3.0% of a matrix alloy volume.The SiC nano particle will carry out pre-treatment before adding, and its pretreatment technology process is:
1, pour an amount of analytical pure ethanol in container, a certain amount of dry SiC nano particle is put into container, stir, fully wetting, SiC particle and alcoholic acid ratio are 1g/10ml～1g/3ml;
2, the polyvinyl alcohol dilute solution that will account for said mixture volume 1/50～1/10 joins in SiC particle and the alcoholic acid mixture, fully stirs, and mixes;
3, the said mixture that will contain the SiC nano particle places baking oven to toast, drying, and storing temperature is 80～95 ℃.
The preparation shaping technological process that nano particle strengthens cast magnesium alloys is:
1, magnesium alloy materials is joined in the dry crucible of brushing coating, for preventing magnesium alloy from oxidative combustion in the fusion process, use flux or high-purity argon gas to be protected, fusing back melt temperature remains on 680～720 ℃;
2, control liquid magnesium alloy temperature to 650～700 ℃ (being higher than 60～80 ℃ of liquid magnesium alloy phase lines) or 585～610 ℃ (being lower than 5～30 ℃ of liquid magnesium alloy phase lines), remove surface scum, the SiC nano particle that passes through pretreatment technology that accounts for magnesium alloy volume 0.1～3.0% is added in the alloy liquid, be pressed under the liquid level, stir, churning time 3～10 minutes, 1000～2000 rev/mins of agitator speeds (rpm);
3, after the refining degasification, the control pouring temperature is 650～750 ℃ and removes out surface scum, obtains SiC nano particle enhanced high-toughness casting Mg alloy castings by gravity mold casting or die casting.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, on the basis of traditional cast magnesium alloy,, improves the obdurability of cast magnesium alloys by adding the nano reinforcement particle;
2, developed new nano particle pretreatment technology, made the adding of nano particle in magnesium alloy more effective;
3, on melting technology,, make distribution and the strengthening effect of nano particle in liquid magnesium alloy more effective by controlling suitable liquid magnesium alloy temperature and stirring technique;
4, nanometer enhancing cast magnesium alloys of the present invention has good mechanical property, and under gravity mold casting or die casting condition, room temperature tensile strength is greater than 230MPa, and unit elongation is greater than 15%, and alloy has good flowability, is suitable for casting forming.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Alloying constituent (weight percent): 6.0%Al, 0.3%Zn, 0.4%Mn, 0.03%Si, all the other foreign matter contents are less than 0.02%.
The nano SiC granule pretreatment technology is: pour 500ml analytical pure ethanol in beaker, the dry SiC nano particle of 50g is put into beaker, stir, fully wetting, the polyvinyl alcohol dilute solution of 10ml is added in SiO particle and the alcoholic acid mixture, fully stir, mix; The said mixture that will contain the SiC nano particle places baking oven to toast, drying, and storing temperature is 85 ℃.
The preparation forming technology is: the 2kg magnesium alloy materials is joined in the dry crucible of brushing coating, for preventing magnesium alloy from oxidative combustion in the fusion process, use the protection of insulating covering agent and high-purity argon gas, fusing back melt temperature remains on 700 ℃; Control liquid magnesium alloy temperature to 660 ℃ is removed surface scum, with accounting for adding in the alloy liquid through pretreated SiC nano particle of alloy material 0.2vol.%, is pressed under the liquid level, stirs churning time 3 minutes, agitator speed 1200rpm; After the refining degasification, the control pouring temperature is 680 ℃, removes out surface scum, and casting obtains SiC nano particle enhanced high-toughness casting Mg alloy castings in being preheated to 200 ℃ metal pattern.
The nano particle that obtains strengthens Mg alloy castings and carries out tensile tests at room through being machined to the national standard tension specimen, and the tensile strength of material is greater than 235MPa, and unit elongation is greater than 15.5%.
Embodiment 2
Alloying constituent (weight percent): 7.0%Al, 0.2%Zn, 0.2%Mn, 0.04%Si, all the other foreign matter contents are less than 0.02%.
The nano SiC granule pretreatment technology is: pour 500ml analytical pure ethanol in beaker, the dry SiC nano particle of 150g is put into beaker, stir, fully wetting, the polyvinyl alcohol dilute solution of 25ml is added in SiC particle and the alcoholic acid mixture, fully stir, mix; The said mixture that will contain the SiC nano particle places baking oven to toast, drying, and storing temperature is 90 ℃.
The preparation forming technology is: the 2kg magnesium alloy materials is joined in the dry crucible of brushing coating, for preventing magnesium alloy from oxidative combustion in the fusion process, use the protection of insulating covering agent and high-purity argon gas, fusing back melt temperature remains on 720 ℃; Control liquid magnesium alloy temperature to 700 ℃ is removed surface scum, with accounting for adding in the alloy liquid through pretreated SiC nano particle of alloy material 1.0vol.%, is pressed under the liquid level, stirs churning time 5min, agitator speed 1800rpm; After the refining degasification, the control pouring temperature is 660 ℃, removes out surface scum, and casting obtains SiC nano particle enhanced high-toughness casting Mg alloy castings in being preheated to 250 ℃ metal pattern.
The nano particle that obtains strengthens Mg alloy castings and carries out tensile tests at room through being machined to the national standard tension specimen, and the tensile strength of material is greater than 240MPa, and unit elongation is greater than 16.0%.
Embodiment 3
Alloying constituent (weight percent): 7.5%Al, 0.1%Zn, 0.3%Mn, 0.03%Si, all the other foreign matter contents are less than 0.02%.
The nano SiC granule pretreatment technology is: pour 500ml analytical pure ethanol in beaker, the dry SiC nano particle of 100g is put into beaker, stir, fully wetting, the polyvinyl alcohol dilute solution of 20ml is added in SiC particle and the alcoholic acid mixture, fully stir, mix; The said mixture that will contain the SiC nano particle places baking oven to toast, drying, and storing temperature is 95 ℃.
The preparation forming technology is: the 2kg magnesium alloy materials is joined in the dry crucible of brushing coating, for preventing magnesium alloy from oxidative combustion in the fusion process, use the protection of insulating covering agent and high-purity argon gas, fusing back melt temperature remains on 720 ℃; Control liquid magnesium alloy temperature to 680 ℃ is removed surface scum, with accounting for adding in the alloy liquid through pretreated SiC nano particle of alloy material 0.5vol.%, is pressed under the liquid level, stirs churning time 5min, agitator speed 1800rpm; After the refining degasification, the control pouring temperature is 680 ℃, removes out surface scum, and casting obtains SiC nano particle enhanced high-toughness casting Mg alloy castings in being preheated to 200 ℃ metal pattern.
The nano particle that obtains strengthens Mg alloy castings and carries out tensile tests at room through being machined to the national standard tension specimen, and the tensile strength of material is greater than 235MPa, and unit elongation is greater than 15.0%.
Embodiment 4
Alloying constituent (weight percent): 6.5%Al, 0.1%Zn, 0.4%Mn, 0.03%Si, all the other foreign matter contents are less than 0.02%.
The nano SiC granule pretreatment technology is: pour 500ml analytical pure ethanol in beaker, the dry SiC nano particle of 100g is put into beaker, stir, fully wetting, the polyvinyl alcohol dilute solution of 15ml is added in SiC particle and the alcoholic acid mixture, fully stir, mix; The said mixture that will contain the SiC nano particle places baking oven to toast, drying, and storing temperature is 90 ℃.
The preparation forming technology is: the 2kg magnesium alloy materials is joined in the dry crucible of brushing coating, for preventing magnesium alloy from oxidative combustion in the fusion process, use the protection of insulating covering agent and high-purity argon gas, fusing back melt temperature remains on 680 ℃; Control liquid magnesium alloy temperature to 605 ℃ (being lower than about 10 ℃ of liquidus line) is removed surface scum, will account for adding in the alloy liquid through pretreated SiC nano particle of alloy material 0.3vol.%, be pressed under the liquid level, stir churning time 8min, agitator speed 1800rpm; After the refining degasification, the control pouring temperature is 650 ℃, removes out surface scum, and casting obtains SiC nano particle enhanced high-toughness casting Mg alloy castings in being preheated to 200 ℃ metal pattern.
The nano particle that obtains strengthens Mg alloy castings and carries out tensile tests at room through being machined to the national standard tension specimen, and the tensile strength of material is greater than 240MPa, and unit elongation is greater than 18.0%.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of nano particle strengthens the high-toughness casting magnesium alloy, it is characterized in that: the component of magnesium alloy substrate material and weight percent content are 5.0～10.0%Al, 0.1～1.0%Zn, 0.05～0.5%Mn, constraint element Si≤0.05%, Fe≤0.005%, Cu≤0.01%, Ni≤0.002%, surplus are Mg;
2, a kind of technology for preparing the described cast magnesium alloys of shaping claim 1; it is characterized in that: the cast magnesium alloys that uses flux and inert atmosphere protection mode composition range that melting is given; keeping liquid magnesium alloy after fusing is liquid state or semi-solid state; in liquid magnesium alloy, add pretreated lumpy nanometer particle then; use violent stirring to make being distributed in the alloy of nano particle even dispersion; after the refining degasification; liquid magnesium alloy is controlled to required temperature, adopts gravity mold casting or die casting to obtain required foundry goods.
3, preparation forming technology according to claim 2 is characterized in that: to add nano particle be the SiC nano particle, particle diameter is less than 100nm, addition is 0.1～3.0% of a matrix alloy volume;
4,, it is characterized in that nano particle carries out pretreated technological process and is before being added into alloy according to claim 2 or 3 described preparation forming technologies:
A, pour an amount of analytical pure ethanol in container, a certain amount of dry SiC nano particle is put into container, stir, fully wetting, SiC particle and alcoholic acid ratio are 1g/10ml～1g/3ml;
B, the polyvinyl alcohol dilute solution that will account for said mixture volume 1/50～1/10 add in SiC particle and the alcoholic acid mixture, and fully stirring mixes;
C, the said mixture that will contain the SiC nano particle place baking oven to toast, drying, and storing temperature is 80～95 ℃.
5, preparation forming technology according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the preparation forming technology is:
A, the described magnesium alloy of claim 2 is joined in the dry crucible of brushing coating, for preventing magnesium alloy from oxidative combustion in the fusion process, use flux or high-purity argon gas to be protected, fusing back melt temperature remains on 680～720 ℃;
B, control liquid magnesium alloy temperature to 650～700 ℃ are removed surface scum, and the pretreated SiC nano particle that accounts for magnesium alloy volume 0.1～3.0% is added in the alloy liquid, be pressed under the liquid level, stir churning time 3～6 minutes, 1000～2000 rev/mins of agitator speeds;
After c, the refining degasification, control magnesium alloy liquation is removed out surface scum to 650～750 ℃ of required pouring temperatures, adopts gravity mold casting or die casting to obtain SiC nano particle enhanced high-toughness casting magnesium alloy.
6, according to claim 2 or 5 described preparation forming technologies, it is characterized in that: when the temperature of block SiC nano particle adding liquid magnesium alloy is 580～610 ℃, contain a certain amount of solid phase particles in the liquid magnesium alloy, be semi-solid state.
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| CN100376703C (en) * | 2006-04-03 | 2008-03-26 | 重庆大学 | Composite material of magnesium alloy and method for preparing the same |
| CN101532099B (en) * | 2009-04-22 | 2011-01-19 | 南昌大学 | Method for preparing SiCp/AZ61 magnesium-based nano composite material using ultrasonic wave |
| CN101439407B (en) * | 2007-11-23 | 2011-11-30 | 清华大学 | Method for manufacturing light metal-based nano composite material |
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| JPH02129322A (en) * | 1988-11-09 | 1990-05-17 | Fujitsu Ltd | Magnesium-series composite material |
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| CN100376703C (en) * | 2006-04-03 | 2008-03-26 | 重庆大学 | Composite material of magnesium alloy and method for preparing the same |
| CN101439407B (en) * | 2007-11-23 | 2011-11-30 | 清华大学 | Method for manufacturing light metal-based nano composite material |
| CN101532099B (en) * | 2009-04-22 | 2011-01-19 | 南昌大学 | Method for preparing SiCp/AZ61 magnesium-based nano composite material using ultrasonic wave |
| CN102632221A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-08-15 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for compounding SiC grains on surface of semisolid A356 aluminum alloy |
| CN102632221B (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2015-03-11 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for compounding SiC grains on surface of semisolid A356 aluminum alloy |
| CN102876947A (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2013-01-16 | 开平市中铝实业有限公司 | Magnesium alloy, manufacturing technology and hub thereof |
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| CN103667840A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-03-26 | 张霞 | Nanoparticle reinforced polybasic heat-insulating magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN103710600A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-04-09 | 张霞 | Boron nitride reinforced multi-element heat-resistant magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103924116A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-07-16 | 南昌航空大学 | Method for improving distribution of SiC particles in magnesium matrix composite material under action of low-voltage pulse magnetic field |
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