CN104805318A - Preparation method of spherical TC4 particle reinforced AZ91 magnesium matrix composite - Google Patents

Preparation method of spherical TC4 particle reinforced AZ91 magnesium matrix composite Download PDF

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CN104805318A
CN104805318A CN201510178251.3A CN201510178251A CN104805318A CN 104805318 A CN104805318 A CN 104805318A CN 201510178251 A CN201510178251 A CN 201510178251A CN 104805318 A CN104805318 A CN 104805318A
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matrix composite
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particulate reinforced
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CN104805318B (en
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王晓军
张春雷
胡小石
吴昆�
郑明毅
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Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen
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Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a reinforced AZ91 magnesium matrix composite, in particular to a preparation method of a spherical TC4 particle reinforced AZ91 magnesium matrix composite, and aims to provide a new method for preparing the TC4/magnesium matrix composite. The method comprises steps as follows: 1, preheating of TC4 particles; 2, semi-solid state stirring; 3, ultrasonic treatment; 4, self-settlement; 5, cooling. Therefore, the spherical TC4 particle reinforced AZ91 magnesium matrix composite is prepared.

Description

一种球形TC4颗粒增强AZ91镁基复合材料的制备方法A preparation method of spherical TC4 particle reinforced AZ91 magnesium-based composite material

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及球形TC4颗粒与AZ91基体界面反应的控制,使二者间有良好的界面结合,从而获得良好综合性能的复合材料。The invention relates to the control of the interface reaction between the spherical TC4 particles and the AZ91 matrix, so that the two can have a good interface combination, thereby obtaining a composite material with good comprehensive performance.

背景技术Background technique

目前普遍采用陶瓷颗粒作为镁基复合材料的增强体,如SiC、B4C、TiC、TiC、Al2O3、Y2O3、TiO2、Mg2Si等,但是由于SiC等陶瓷相与基体之间的润湿性不好导致材料的性能不好。而钛和镁之间的润湿性特别好,且物理化学性质相似,因此本发明采用Ti颗粒作为复合材料的增强体,有望可以得到强度高和塑韧性好的镁基复合材料。At present, ceramic particles are generally used as reinforcements of magnesium-based composites, such as SiC, B 4 C, TiC, TiC, Al 2 O 3 , Y 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , Mg 2 Si, etc. Poor wetting between the substrates leads to poor performance of the material. The wettability between titanium and magnesium is particularly good, and the physical and chemical properties are similar, so the present invention uses Ti particles as the reinforcement of the composite material, and it is expected to obtain a magnesium-based composite material with high strength and good plasticity and toughness.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是为了提供一种制备TC4/镁基复合材料的新方法:将TC4颗粒加入到AZ91熔体中,使颗粒在重力下子沉降,控制沉降的时间,随后用水冷系统将熔体快速冷却,从而得到高体积分数且颗粒呈梯度分布的镁基复合材料。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new method for preparing TC4/magnesium-based composite materials: TC4 particles are added to the AZ91 melt, the particles are subsidence under gravity, and the time of sedimentation is controlled, and then the melt is quickly cooled by water cooling system Cooling, so as to obtain a magnesium-based composite material with a high volume fraction and a gradient distribution of particles.

本发明用自沉降的方法使颗粒在重力的作用下沉降,随后迅速水冷凝固,从而得到颗粒呈梯度分布的铸态复合材料,使材料能够更加适用于人们的需求。The invention uses a self-sedimentation method to make the particles settle under the action of gravity, and then rapidly water-cools and solidifies, thereby obtaining the as-cast composite material with the particles distributed in a gradient, so that the material can be more suitable for people's needs.

本发明的一种球形TC4颗粒增强AZ91镁基复合材料的制备方法,它包括以下步骤:A kind of spherical TC4 particle of the present invention strengthens the preparation method of AZ91 magnesium-based composite material, it comprises the following steps:

一、TC4颗粒预热:将TC4颗粒在50~100℃下预热30~60min;1. Preheating of TC4 particles: Preheat TC4 particles at 50-100°C for 30-60 minutes;

二、半固态搅拌:首先将AZ91加热至560~620℃,使AZ91熔化至半固态状态,然后将步骤一预热的TC4颗粒以120g/min的速度加入到AZ91半固态熔体中,边加边搅拌,加完后再继续搅拌20~30min,得混合体;2. Semi-solid stirring: first heat AZ91 to 560-620°C to melt AZ91 to a semi-solid state, then add the TC4 particles preheated in step 1 into the AZ91 semi-solid melt at a speed of 120g/min, adding While stirring, continue to stir for 20-30 minutes after adding to obtain a mixture;

三、超声处理:将步骤二得到的混合体进行超声处理,超声波频率为20kHz,超声时间为20~30min;3. Ultrasonic treatment: Ultrasonic treatment is performed on the mixture obtained in step 2, the ultrasonic frequency is 20kHz, and the ultrasonic time is 20-30min;

四、自沉降:将步骤三超声处理后的混合物自然静置20~30min,使球形TC4颗粒沉降;4. Self-sedimentation: Let the mixture after the ultrasonic treatment in step 3 stand naturally for 20-30 minutes to make the spherical TC4 particles settle;

五、冷却:将步骤四中沉降处理的熔体冷却,获得铸态的复合材料,即完成所述的球形TC4颗粒增强AZ91镁基复合材料。5. Cooling: cooling the melt treated in step 4 to obtain the as-cast composite material, that is, to complete the spherical TC4 particle-reinforced AZ91 magnesium-based composite material.

本发明包含以下优点:The present invention comprises the following advantages:

本发明采用自沉降法制备了钛合金颗粒增强镁基复合材料,将镁合金先升温后降温形成半固态,然后将事先预热好的钛合金颗粒倒入到半固态熔体中同时进行半固态搅拌,搅拌预定时间后把混合熔体升温至液态,随后进行超声波处理,并将熔体在水冷系统中冷却得到铸态复合材料。The invention adopts the self-sedimentation method to prepare the titanium alloy particle reinforced magnesium-based composite material. The magnesium alloy is first heated up and then cooled to form a semi-solid state, and then the preheated titanium alloy particles are poured into the semi-solid melt at the same time to carry out the semi-solid state. Stirring, after stirring for a predetermined time, the temperature of the mixed melt is raised to a liquid state, followed by ultrasonic treatment, and the melt is cooled in a water cooling system to obtain an as-cast composite material.

(1)本发明在制备过程中要对钛合金颗粒进行加热烘干,且预热温度为100℃~200℃,预热时间为20min~50min,这样既可以减少吸附在颗粒表面的气体量,提高颗粒与合金基体之间的润湿性,有利于颗粒的分散,又不至于使钛合金颗粒氧化严重,如果预热温度过高,就会使颗粒表面形成致密的TiO2层,这种陶瓷相就间隔了钛合金颗粒和基体之间的结合,会导致颗粒与基体之间界面结合较差;(1) In the preparation process of the present invention, titanium alloy particles should be heated and dried, and the preheating temperature is 100°C to 200°C, and the preheating time is 20min to 50min, so that the amount of gas adsorbed on the particle surface can be reduced, Improve the wettability between the particles and the alloy matrix, which is conducive to the dispersion of the particles, and will not cause serious oxidation of the titanium alloy particles. If the preheating temperature is too high, a dense TiO2 layer will be formed on the surface of the particles. This ceramic The phase space between the titanium alloy particles and the matrix will lead to poor interfacial bonding between the particles and the matrix;

(2)本发明采用液态方法制备复合材料,这是因为钛颗粒和镁基体的润湿性很好,相比于用粉末冶金的方法,这种方法到的复合材料颗粒与基体间的界面结合较好。(2) The present invention adopts liquid method to prepare composite material, and this is because the wettability of titanium particle and magnesium matrix is very good, compared with the method with powder metallurgy, the interface between the composite material particle that this method arrives and matrix is combined better.

(3)本发明可以通过自沉降的方法使颗粒在重力的作用下沉降,并获得在高度方向上颗粒呈梯度分布的梯度复合材料。(3) The present invention can make the particles settle under the action of gravity through the self-sedimentation method, and obtain the gradient composite material in which the particles are distributed in a gradient in the height direction.

(4)本发明可以制备较高体积分数的复合材料。(4) The present invention can prepare composite materials with higher volume fraction.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明得到的TC4颗粒增强AZ91镁基复合材料的光学显微镜照片(OM)照片;Fig. 1 is the optical microscope photo (OM) photo of the TC4 particle that the present invention obtains strengthens the AZ91 magnesium-based composite material;

图2是本发明制备的TC4颗粒增强AZ91镁基复合材料的扫描电子显微镜的照片(SEM)照片;Fig. 2 is the photo (SEM) photo of the scanning electron microscope of the TC4 particle reinforced AZ91 magnesium-based composite material prepared by the present invention;

图3是本发明制备的TC4颗粒增强AZ91镁基复合材料的拉伸试样的断口扫描(SEM)照片;Fig. 3 is the fracture scanning (SEM) photograph of the tensile sample of TC4 particle reinforced AZ91 magnesium-based composite material prepared by the present invention;

图4是本发明制备的TC4颗粒增强AZ91镁基复合材料和AZ91合金的压缩试验曲线。Fig. 4 is the compression test curve of the TC4 particle reinforced AZ91 magnesium-based composite material and AZ91 alloy prepared by the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

具体实施方式一:本实施方式的一种球形TC4颗粒增强AZ91镁基复合材料的制备方法,它包括以下步骤:Specific embodiment one: the preparation method of a kind of spherical TC4 particle reinforced AZ91 magnesium-based composite material of the present embodiment, it comprises the following steps:

一、TC4颗粒预热:将TC4颗粒在50~100℃下预热30~60min;1. Preheating of TC4 particles: Preheat TC4 particles at 50-100°C for 30-60 minutes;

二、半固态搅拌:首先将AZ91加热至560~620℃,使AZ91熔化至半固态状态,然后将步骤一预热的TC4颗粒以120g/min的速度加入到AZ91半固态熔体中,边加边搅拌,加完后再继续搅拌20~30min,得混合体;2. Semi-solid stirring: first heat AZ91 to 560-620°C to melt AZ91 to a semi-solid state, then add the TC4 particles preheated in step 1 into the AZ91 semi-solid melt at a speed of 120g/min, adding While stirring, continue to stir for 20-30 minutes after adding to obtain a mixture;

三、超声处理:将步骤二得到的混合体进行超声处理,超声波频率为20kHz,超声时间为20~30min;3. Ultrasonic treatment: Ultrasonic treatment is performed on the mixture obtained in step 2, the ultrasonic frequency is 20kHz, and the ultrasonic time is 20-30min;

四、自沉降:将步骤三超声处理后的混合物自然静置20~30min,使球形TC4颗粒沉降;4. Self-sedimentation: Let the mixture after the ultrasonic treatment in step 3 stand naturally for 20-30 minutes to make the spherical TC4 particles settle;

五、冷却:将步骤四中沉降处理的熔体冷却,获得铸态的复合材料,即完成所述的球形TC4颗粒增强AZ91镁基复合材料。5. Cooling: cooling the melt treated in step 4 to obtain the as-cast composite material, that is, to complete the spherical TC4 particle-reinforced AZ91 magnesium-based composite material.

具体实施方式二:本实施方式与具体实施方式一不同的是:步骤一中所述的颗粒预热温度为60℃~100℃。其它与具体实施方式一相同。Embodiment 2: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the particle preheating temperature in step 1 is 60°C-100°C. Others are the same as in the first embodiment.

具体实施方式三:本实施方式与具体实施方式一不同的是:步骤一中所述的颗粒预热温度为70℃~100℃。其它与具体实施方式一相同。Embodiment 3: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the particle preheating temperature in step 1 is 70°C to 100°C. Others are the same as in the first embodiment.

具体实施方式四:本实施方式与具体实施方式一不同的是:步骤一中所述的颗粒预热温度为80℃~100℃。其它与具体实施方式一相同。Embodiment 4: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the particle preheating temperature in Step 1 is 80°C-100°C. Others are the same as in the first embodiment.

具体实施方式五:本实施方式与具体实施方式一不同的是:步骤一中所述的颗粒预热温度为90℃~100℃。其它与具体实施方式一相同。Embodiment 5: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that: the particle preheating temperature in step 1 is 90°C-100°C. Others are the same as in the first embodiment.

具体实施方式六:本实施方式与具体实施方式一不同的是:步骤二中将AZ91加热至570~610℃。其它与具体实施方式一相同。Embodiment 6: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that: in step 2, AZ91 is heated to 570-610°C. Others are the same as in the first embodiment.

具体实施方式七:本实施方式与具体实施方式一不同的是:步骤二中将AZ91加热至580~600℃。其它与具体实施方式一相同。Embodiment 7: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that: in step 2, AZ91 is heated to 580-600°C. Others are the same as in the first embodiment.

具体实施方式八:本实施方式与具体实施方式一不同的是:步骤二中将AZ91加热至590~600℃。其它与具体实施方式一相同。Embodiment 8: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that: in step 2, AZ91 is heated to 590-600°C. Others are the same as in the first embodiment.

具体实施方式九:本实施方式与具体实施方式一不同的是:步骤二中所述的搅拌过程用十字型搅拌桨,搅拌速度为1000r/min。其它与具体实施方式一相同。Embodiment 9: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that: the stirring process described in step 2 uses a cross-shaped stirring paddle, and the stirring speed is 1000 r/min. Others are the same as in the first embodiment.

具体实施方式十:本实施方式与具体实施方式一不同的是:步骤三中混合体进行超声处理前,先将步骤二中的混合体升温到690℃,然后再进行超声波处理。其它与具体实施方式一相同。Embodiment 10: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that: before the mixture in step 3 is subjected to ultrasonic treatment, the temperature of the mixture in step 2 is first raised to 690° C., and then the mixture is subjected to ultrasonic treatment. Others are the same as in the first embodiment.

具体实施方式十一:本实施方式与具体实施方式一不同的是:步骤三中所述的超声处理的超声波频率为20kHz,超声时间为20min。其它与具体实施方式一相同。Embodiment 11: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that: the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic treatment described in Step 3 is 20 kHz, and the ultrasonic time is 20 min. Others are the same as in the first embodiment.

具体实施方式十二:本实施方式与具体实施方式一不同的是:步骤四中所述的自沉降过程的温度为690℃,沉降时间为20min。其它与具体实施方式一相同。Embodiment 12: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that: the temperature of the self-settling process described in step 4 is 690° C., and the settling time is 20 minutes. Others are the same as in the first embodiment.

具体实施方式十三:本实施方式与具体实施方式一不同的是:步骤五中将混合物冷却过程利用的是循环水冷系统进行的。其它与具体实施方式一相同。Specific Embodiment Thirteen: The difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment 1 is that the process of cooling the mixture in step 5 is carried out by a circulating water cooling system. Others are the same as in the first embodiment.

下面结合本发明的内容提供以下实施例:Provide following embodiment below in conjunction with content of the present invention:

实施例1:Example 1:

取624g直径为109μm-150μm的TC4球形颗粒放到一个瓷质的杯子里,置杯子与100℃的电阻加热炉中保持30min;Take 624g of TC4 spherical particles with a diameter of 109μm-150μm into a porcelain cup, and place the cup in a resistance heating furnace at 100°C for 30min;

与此同时把质量为1000g的AZ91合金在720℃熔化并逐步降温到580℃(半固态);随后将搅拌桨伸到熔体液面下适当位置,启动搅拌桨,将预热好的颗粒取出缓慢加入到熔体中,这个过程要调整转速使颗粒能够顺利的进入到熔体中,待颗粒加完后匀速搅拌(1000r/min),搅拌20min,然后把温度升高到690℃,停止搅拌;随后卸下搅拌桨,开始超声处理,预设超声波频率为20kHz,输出功率为700W,此过程进行20min;随后将熔体在重力场中静置20min,最后迅速将承装熔体的坩埚放到水冷系统中冷却,该水冷系统利用的是循环水冷却,只需一分钟即可得到铸态的TC4颗粒增强AZ91镁基复合材料。将复合材料放在扫描电镜和光学纤维镜下观察。At the same time, melt the AZ91 alloy with a mass of 1000g at 720°C and gradually cool it down to 580°C (semi-solid); then extend the stirring paddle to an appropriate position under the melt surface, start the stirring paddle, and take out the preheated particles Slowly add to the melt. During this process, the speed should be adjusted so that the particles can enter the melt smoothly. After the particles are added, stir at a constant speed (1000r/min) for 20 minutes, then raise the temperature to 690°C and stop stirring. Then remove the stirring paddle and start ultrasonic treatment. The preset ultrasonic frequency is 20kHz and the output power is 700W. To cool in the water cooling system, the water cooling system uses circulating water cooling, and it only takes one minute to get the cast TC4 particle reinforced AZ91 magnesium matrix composite material. The composite was observed under a scanning electron microscope and a fiber optic microscope.

本实施例得到的TC4颗粒增强AZ91镁基复合材料的光学显微镜照片(OM)照片如图1所示;TC4颗粒增强AZ91镁基复合材料的扫描电子显微镜的照片(SEM)照片如图2所示;TC4颗粒增强AZ91镁基复合材料的拉伸试样的断口扫描(SEM)照片如图2所示;TC4颗粒增强AZ91镁基复合材料和AZ91合金的压缩试验曲线如图4所示。The photomicrograph (OM) of the TC4 particle reinforced AZ91 magnesium-based composite material obtained in this embodiment is shown in Figure 1; the photo of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photo of the TC4 particle reinforced AZ91 magnesium-based composite material is shown in Figure 2 ; TC4 particle reinforced AZ91 magnesium matrix composite tensile specimen fracture scanning (SEM) photos shown in Figure 2; TC4 particle reinforced AZ91 magnesium matrix composite and AZ91 alloy compression test curves are shown in Figure 4.

由上述可知,本实施例的方法能够制备出较高体积分数的复合材料。It can be known from the above that the method of this embodiment can prepare composite materials with a relatively high volume fraction.

Claims (10)

1. a preparation method for spherical TC4 particulate reinforced AZ 91 magnesium matrix composite, is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
One, TC4 particle preheating: by TC4 particle preheating 30 ~ 60min at 50 ~ 100 DEG C;
Two, Semi-solid Stirring: first AZ91 is heated to 560 ~ 620 DEG C, make AZ91 be melted to semi-solid state, then join in AZ91 semi-solid melt by the TC4 particle of step one preheating with the speed of 120g/min, limit edged stirs, continue stirring 20 ~ 30min again after adding, obtain mixture;
Three, supersound process: mixture step 2 obtained carries out supersound process, ultrasonic frequency is 20kHz, and ultrasonic time is 20 ~ 30min;
Four, from sedimentation: the mixture after step 3 supersound process is left standstill 20 ~ 30min naturally, makes spherical TC4 particles settling;
Five, cool: by the melt cooling of settlement treatment in step 4, obtain the matrix material of as cast condition, namely complete described spherical TC4 particulate reinforced AZ 91 magnesium matrix composite.
2. the preparation method of a kind of spherical TC4 particulate reinforced AZ 91 magnesium matrix composite according to claim 1, is characterized in that the particle preheating temperature described in step one is 70 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C.
3. the preparation method of a kind of spherical TC4 particulate reinforced AZ 91 magnesium matrix composite according to claim 2, is characterized in that the particle preheating temperature described in step one is 80 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C.
4. the preparation method of a kind of spherical TC4 particulate reinforced AZ 91 magnesium matrix composite according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 2, AZ91 is heated to 570 ~ 600 DEG C.
5. the preparation method of a kind of spherical TC4 particulate reinforced AZ 91 magnesium matrix composite according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in step 2, AZ91 is heated to 580 ~ 600 DEG C.
6. the preparation method of a kind of spherical TC4 particulate reinforced AZ 91 magnesium matrix composite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the cross stirring rake of the whipping process described in step 2, stirring velocity is 1000r/min.
7. the preparation method of a kind of spherical TC4 particulate reinforced AZ 91 magnesium matrix composite according to claim 1, before it is characterized in that in step 3, mixture carries out supersound process, first the mixture in step 2 is warmed up to 690 DEG C, and then carries out ultrasonication.
8. the preparation method of a kind of spherical TC4 particulate reinforced AZ 91 magnesium matrix composite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the ultrasonic frequency of the supersound process described in step 3 is 20kHz, ultrasonic time is 20min.
9. the preparation method of a kind of spherical TC4 particulate reinforced AZ 91 magnesium matrix composite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the temperature from settling process described in step 4 is 690 DEG C, the settling time is 20min.
10. the preparation method of a kind of spherical TC4 particulate reinforced AZ 91 magnesium matrix composite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in step 5 by mixture process of cooling utilize be that circulating water cooling system carries out.
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CN108677053A (en) * 2018-06-22 2018-10-19 太原理工大学 A kind of preparation method for handing over frequency ultrasonic coupling hot pressing infiltration porous ceramics enhancing magnesium-based composite material
CN109022859A (en) * 2018-09-17 2018-12-18 太原理工大学 A kind of preparation method of nano-titanium particulate reinforcement magnesium-based composite material
CN112342445A (en) * 2020-09-10 2021-02-09 上海航天精密机械研究所 High-strength plastic magnesium-based composite material and preparation method thereof
CN113046592A (en) * 2021-03-16 2021-06-29 南昌航空大学 In-situ synthesis device and method for aluminum-based composite material with enhanced particle gradient distribution
CN113373359A (en) * 2021-06-23 2021-09-10 贵州大学 Layered gradient structure particle reinforced magnesium matrix composite material and preparation method thereof

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108179412A (en) * 2018-01-25 2018-06-19 成都青石激光科技有限公司 The method for preparing spheric granules composite material
CN108677053A (en) * 2018-06-22 2018-10-19 太原理工大学 A kind of preparation method for handing over frequency ultrasonic coupling hot pressing infiltration porous ceramics enhancing magnesium-based composite material
CN109022859A (en) * 2018-09-17 2018-12-18 太原理工大学 A kind of preparation method of nano-titanium particulate reinforcement magnesium-based composite material
CN112342445A (en) * 2020-09-10 2021-02-09 上海航天精密机械研究所 High-strength plastic magnesium-based composite material and preparation method thereof
CN113046592A (en) * 2021-03-16 2021-06-29 南昌航空大学 In-situ synthesis device and method for aluminum-based composite material with enhanced particle gradient distribution
CN113046592B (en) * 2021-03-16 2024-07-02 南昌航空大学 In-situ synthesis device and method for aluminum-based composite material with reinforced particle gradient distribution
CN113373359A (en) * 2021-06-23 2021-09-10 贵州大学 Layered gradient structure particle reinforced magnesium matrix composite material and preparation method thereof

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