CN1674831A - 备有固定螺钉的外科植入体或器械 - Google Patents

备有固定螺钉的外科植入体或器械 Download PDF

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CN1674831A
CN1674831A CN03819466.XA CN03819466A CN1674831A CN 1674831 A CN1674831 A CN 1674831A CN 03819466 A CN03819466 A CN 03819466A CN 1674831 A CN1674831 A CN 1674831A
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screw
hold
hole
parts
cylindrical journal
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CN1326498C (zh
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A·凯勒
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Waldemar Link GmbH and Co KG
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Waldemar Link GmbH and Co KG
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • A61B17/8645—Headless screws, e.g. ligament interference screws
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    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B35/00—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws
    • F16B35/005—Set screws; Locking means therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B7/00—Connections of rods or tubes, e.g. of non-circular section, mutually, including resilient connections
    • F16B7/18—Connections of rods or tubes, e.g. of non-circular section, mutually, including resilient connections using screw-thread elements
    • F16B7/182—Connections of rods or tubes, e.g. of non-circular section, mutually, including resilient connections using screw-thread elements for coaxial connections of two rods or tubes
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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Dental Prosthetics (AREA)

Abstract

带有两个零件(1，2)的外科植入体或器械，这两个零件中的一个在另一个上滑动，其中下面的零件(1)备有一个螺孔(3)，上面的零件(2)备有一个通孔(9)以接收固定螺钉(4)。根据本发明，锁止螺钉(5)的整个长度都可被容纳到下面的零件(2)的下方并位于螺孔(3)内，并且其上端包括一个圆柱轴颈止端，该圆柱轴颈止端比其带螺纹部分(5)细并备有供螺丝刀用的凹槽(7)，通孔(9)的直径比带螺纹部分的小，比圆柱轴颈止端(6)的大。优选的是提供了一个弹性装置(8)，该弹性装置将固定螺钉推向固定位置。

Description

备有固定螺钉的外科植入体或器械
本发明涉及带有固定螺钉的外科植入体或器械。
在外科植入体或器械中，有时必须通过螺钉将两个可彼此相对移动地引导的零件固定，使其不能移动。已知的是通过这样的方法实现该目的，即将固定螺钉穿过两个零件中的上面的零件内的通孔拧入到两个零件中的下面的零件内的螺孔内，直到螺钉头部牢固地靠在两个零件中的上面的零件的顶面上为止。这种方法的缺点是螺钉可能会丢失，这在有限的手术位置会造成严重的后果。
本发明避免了该缺点。同样建议了在两个零件中的下面的零件内有一个螺孔，在上面的零件内有一个通孔。为进行固定，本发明选择的螺钉设计为固定螺钉，并可将其整个长度都容纳在螺孔内(总之位于两个零件中的上面的零件的下表面下方)。螺钉具有顶部较细的圆柱轴颈止端，该圆柱轴颈止端具有供螺丝刀用的凹槽。通孔的直径比螺钉螺纹的小，但比螺钉圆柱轴颈止端的大。
在零件连接起来之前，螺钉拧入到螺孔内，拧入的深度应使螺钉完全消失在螺孔内，或者至少使得两个零件中的上面的零件可在螺钉上方滑动。然后螺丝刀穿过上面的零件的通孔接合，并转动螺钉使其向上运动，直到螺钉的圆柱轴颈止端位于通孔内为止。现在两个零件被固定，不能进行相对移动了。螺钉不能向上脱落，因为其带螺纹部分的直径比通孔直径大。有利的是螺孔设计为盲孔，或者螺钉和下面部分备有限位挡块以防止螺钉向下脱落。
通常通过拧紧来使螺钉保持在固定位置，即螺钉带螺纹部分的端面紧压在待固定的两个零件中的上面的零件上。另一个防止固定螺钉落回到螺孔内的固定方法是这样实现的，即从下面用弹性力，例如弹簧向上推顶螺钉。
本文和权利要求书中使用的术语“向上”和“向下”不应按几何高度意义进行理解，而是表示相对朝向固定螺钉入口的观察者的位置。一般来说，下面的零件是被上面的零件覆盖的零件。
下面参考附图更详细地解释本发明，附图以横截面示出了一种优选的实施例。
螺栓1要连接到直径稍大一些的套筒2上，套筒2被推套在螺栓上。它们相互作用的表面构成了导向装置，该导向装置只允许两个零件之间平行于它们纵轴线的相对移动。
螺栓1具有一个相对其纵轴线横向延伸的螺孔3。具有一个带螺纹部分5和一个上部圆柱轴颈止端6的螺钉4位于所述螺孔3内，上部圆柱轴颈止端6具有与螺丝刀结合使用的狭缝或六角形插口7。圆柱轴颈止端6的直径比带螺纹部分5的直径小。一个压缩弹簧8位于螺孔3底部和螺钉4底部之间。螺孔3除接收压缩弹簧所需长度以外的长度比螺钉4的长度长。零件2内的通孔9的直径比螺孔4带螺纹部分5的直径小，比圆柱轴颈止端6的直径大。
在组装之前，螺钉4完全沉入到螺孔3内。至少螺钉从螺孔3伸出的距离不应大于对于零件1和2相互面对的表面之间的间隙。然后将零件1和2推到一起，直到通孔9位于螺钉4上方为止。然后使用螺丝刀旋松螺钉4，直到螺钉的圆柱轴颈止端6位于通孔9内为止。如果希望，可使螺钉旋转到其带螺纹部分5的肩部足够紧地靠在通孔9的边缘上为止。
如果存在弹簧8，那么后面的做法不是绝对必要的。这是因为弹簧向上推动螺钉4，所以在受到任何力作用时，螺钉不能沉回到螺孔3内。
应该注意，用螺旋弹簧表示的弹簧8可用其它的弹簧装置替代，例如用弹性合成材料制造的泡沫塞。

Claims (4)

1.带有两个零件(1，2)的外科植入体或器械，这两个零件中的一个在另一个上滑动，其中下面的零件(1)备有一个螺孔(3)，上面的零件(2)备有一个通孔(9)以接收固定螺钉(4)，其特征在于，锁止螺钉(5)的整个长度都可被容纳到下面的零件(2)的下方并位于螺孔(3)内，并且其上端包括一个圆柱轴颈止端，该圆柱轴颈止端比其带螺纹部分(5)细并备有供螺丝刀用的凹槽(7)，其特征还在于，通孔(9)的直径比带螺纹部分的小，比圆柱轴颈止端(6)的大。
2.根据权利要求1中所述的植入体或器械，其特征在于，螺孔(3)是盲孔。
3.根据权利要求1或2中所述的植入体或器械，其特征在于，固定螺钉(4)和螺孔(3)具有相互作用的限位挡块以防止从螺孔(3)向下移去固定螺钉(4)。
4.根据权利要求1至3中之一所述的植入体或器械，其特征在于，提供了一个弹性装置(8)以将固定螺钉(4)推向固定位置。
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AU2003250127A1 (en) 2004-03-11

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