CN1662742A - 用于内燃机的燃料喷射阀 - Google Patents
用于内燃机的燃料喷射阀 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
- F02M61/182—Discharge orifices being situated in different transversal planes with respect to valve member direction of movement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
- F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
- F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
- F02M45/08—Injectors peculiar thereto
- F02M45/086—Having more than one injection-valve controlling discharge orifices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
- F02M61/1833—Discharge orifices having changing cross sections, e.g. being divergent
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1866—Valve seats or member ends having multiple cones
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1873—Valve seats or member ends having circumferential grooves or ridges, e.g. toroidal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/46—Valves, e.g. injectors, with concentric valve bodies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
用于内燃机的燃料喷射阀,具有一个阀体(1),在该阀体中的一个孔(3)内可纵向移动地设有一个空心阀针(5)。该空心阀针(5)在其燃烧室侧端部具有锥形的阀密封面(24),该阀密封面与设在孔(3)的燃烧室侧端部上的一个锥形的阀座(18)相配合。在空心阀针(5)中构造有一个纵向孔(6),在该孔中设有一个阀针(7),该阀针也用构成在其燃烧室侧端部上的阀靠置面(26)与该阀座(18)相配合。空心阀针(5)的燃烧室侧的顶端由一个倒角部分(30)构成。
Description
现有技术
本发明涉及一种相应于权利要求1前序部分的,用于内燃机的燃料喷射阀。这种燃料喷射阀例如已由公开文献DE 27 11 391公开及具有一个阀体,在该阀体中的一个孔内可纵向移动地设有一个空心阀针。该空心阀针在其燃烧室端部具有一个锥形的阀密封面,它将用该阀密封面与一个锥形的阀座相配合,该阀座构成孔的燃烧室侧端部。在空心阀针中可纵向移动地设有一个阀针,该阀针也具有锥形的阀靠置面及与该阀座相配合。不仅空心阀针、而且所述阀针各控制通向至少一个喷射口的燃料流,通过该喷射口燃料被喷射到内燃机的燃烧室中。
在由DE 27 11 391公开的燃料喷射阀中,空心阀针的顶端被削平,以致构成一个位于空心阀针的径向平面中的一个端面。在此,该阀针具有其缺点,即在空心阀针、阀针及阀座之间构成相对大的死容积,这对燃料喷射阀的碳氢化合物的排放产生不利的影响。
此外由DE 27 11 390公开了一种燃料喷射阀,其中空心阀针不具有削直部分,而是尖地终止。这虽然减小了静止容积及由此对内燃机的碳氢化合物的排放产生有利的影响,但它带来了缺点,即内阀针易于被卡死在外阀针中。空心阀针在锥形阀座上的靠置会引起空心阀针径向向内轻微地变形,由此使在阀针与空心阀针之间本来就很小的环形间隙更加变小。由此使这两个可相互滑动移动地支承的部件之间的磨损增加,这将导致燃料喷射阀寿命的减小。
本发明的优点
相比之下,根据本发明的具有权利要求1特征部分特征的燃料喷射阀具有其优点,即可有效地抑制阀针被卡死在空心阀针中并同时减少燃料喷射阀的碳氢化合物的排放。为此空心阀针在其顶端具有一个倒角部分,它最好直接地连接在锥形的阀密封面上。因为最外的阀针顶端现在不再直接地受由空心阀针在锥形阀座上的压紧产生的力的影响,使空心阀针的变形显著减小,及由此可防止阀针在空心阀针中运动时被卡死或过分地磨损。并同时当不仅阀针而且空心阀针靠置在阀座上时,使空心阀针、阀针与阀座之间的容积保持这样地小,以致不会引起内燃机的碳氢化合物排放的明显上升。
附图说明
在附图中表示出根据本发明的燃料喷射阀的实施例。附图为:
图1:一个阀体的纵剖视图,
图2:图1中阀座区域的放大图,其中空心阀针被剖切地示出,及
图3:与图2中相同的区段,其中空心阀针未被剖切地示出。
实施例的说明
图1是本发明燃料喷射阀的纵剖视图。在一个阀体1中构造有一个孔3,在该孔燃烧室侧的端部上构造有一个锥形的阀座18。在具有纵向轴线8的孔3中,可纵向移动地设有一个活塞形状的空心阀针5。该空心阀针5在一个背离燃烧室的区段中在孔3中被密封地导向及在形成一个压肩14的情况下向着阀座18变细。在其燃烧室侧的端部上,空心阀针5具有一个锥形的阀密封面24,该阀密封面在空心阀针5的闭合位置中靠置在阀座18上。在空心阀针5与孔3的壁之间构造有一个压力腔10,该压力腔在压肩14的高度上被径向扩宽。一个构成在阀体1中的输入通道12通到压力腔10的径向扩宽部分中,通过该输入通道可将高压下的燃料注入到压力腔10中。
空心阀针5具有一个纵向孔6,它的纵向轴线与空心阀针5的纵向轴线8相重合。在该纵向孔6中纵向可移动地设有一个阀针7,该阀针在其燃烧室端部具有一个锥形阀靠置面26,在阀针7的关闭位置中该靠置面也靠置在阀座18上。在阀针7上构造有一个背离燃烧室的第一导向区段16及一个靠近燃烧室的第二导向区段17,在这些区段中阀针相对窄地在空心阀针5中被导向。在此,在第二导向区段17与纵向孔6的壁之间的间隙很小,最好小于10μm。在这两个导向区段16,17之间,在阀针7与纵向孔6的壁之间构成相对大的环形间隙,以使得阀针7实际上仅在两个导向区段16,17上被导向。
从阀座18起在阀体1中构造有一些外喷射口20及一些内喷射口22,它们中最好多个分布地设置在阀体1的圆周上。图2表示图1的阀座18的区域中的放大图,及图3再次示出与图2中相同的区段,其中空心阀针5在这里未被剖切地示出。空心阀针5在其闭合位置中靠置于阀座18上,其中,阀密封面24闭合了这些外喷射口20。同样阀针7用其阀靠置面26闭合了这些内喷射口22。在阀针7上构造有一个环形槽32,该槽的一侧由阀针7的圆柱形区段构成边界,及另一侧由阀靠置面26构成边界。通过该环形槽32得到当对阀针7加载压力时的压力腔10的燃料压力的作用面。
无论是空心阀针5还是阀针7均由一个在图中未示出的装置,例如弹簧,以闭合力在向着阀座18的方向上加载,以使得在无其它力的情况下它们保持在它们的闭合位置中。通过将在相应的喷射压力下的燃料导入阀体1的压力腔10,在压肩14上得到了一个液压力,它与作用在空心阀针5上的闭合力的方向相反。当该液压力超过闭合力时,空心阀针5将从阀座18上抬起及释放这些外喷射口20,燃料将通过这些外喷射口喷射到内燃机的燃烧室中。阀针7暂时还仍保留在其闭合位置中,直到这时作用在通过环形槽32构成的压肩上的液压力足够大到克服阀针7上的闭合力为止。如果阀针7从其闭合位置运动离开,则除了这些外喷射口20外燃料还通过这些内喷射口22进行喷射。如果相反地,仅要通过外喷射口20来喷射,则作用在阀针7上的闭合力保持这样大的值,即通过该液压力不能使阀针7从其闭合位置上运动离开。以此方式,可以将燃料对内燃机燃烧室的喷射控制在整个喷射横截面的一部分上或整个喷射横截面上。
在该实施例中,在空心阀针5的燃烧室侧的端部上,在当空心阀针5处于闭合位置上时靠置在阀座18上的阀密封面24的旁边构造有另一锥面124,该锥面与阀密封面24交界及一直伸展达到空心阀针5的圆柱形区域。在阀密封面24上向着阀座18方向连接着一个构成锥面的倒角部分30。由此,该倒角部分30相对纵向轴线8的径向平面倾斜。而构成该倒角部分30的锥面的锥体具有比阀密封面24更大的张开角。该倒角部分30一方面可避免:空心阀针5由于它靠置在锥形阀座18上而在其燃烧室侧的端部上受到一个径向向内的力,由此会将阀针7卡死在空心阀针5中。空心阀针5在阀密封面24的区域中具有足够的壁厚,以致通过作用在空心阀针5上的闭合力仅会在径向上引起很小的变形,及阀针7在纵向孔中仍有足够的可运动性。通过该倒角部分30则与削平相反地可保证,在空心阀针5、阀针7与阀座18之间的空间不会太大。因为阀密封面24,阀靠置面26及阀座18的倾斜角已被这样优化,使得这些喷射口20,22相对压力腔10的密封被保证,因此可出现在喷射间歇时燃料由构成在阀座18与阀针5,7之间的空腔通过这些喷射 20,22到达内燃机的燃烧室中及在那里导致增高的碳氢化合物的排放。通过倒角部分30的相应倾斜角度可使该空腔容积变小,而不会对减小磨损有不利影响。
Claims (5)
1.用于内燃机的燃料喷射阀,具有一个阀体(1),在该阀体中的一个孔(3)内可纵向移动地设有一个空心阀针(5),该空心阀针在其燃烧室侧端部具有锥形的阀密封面(24),该阀密封面与一个设在该孔(3)的燃烧室侧端部上的一个锥形的阀座(18)相配合,及具有一个构成在该空心阀针(5)中的纵向孔(6),在该纵向孔中设有一个阀针(7),该阀针也以一个构成在其燃烧室侧端部上的阀靠置面(26)与该阀座(18)相配合,其特征在于:在该空心阀针(5)的燃烧室侧的顶端构造有一个倒角部分(30)。
2.根据权利要求1的燃料喷射阀,其特征在于:该空心阀针(5)的倒角部分(30)构成一个锥面,该锥面直接地连接在该锥形的阀密封面(24)上。
3.根据权利要求1或2的燃料喷射阀,其特征在于:该倒角部分(30)的燃烧室侧的内边缘直接地与空心阀针(5)的纵向孔(6)的内表面相交界。
4.根据权利要求1的燃料喷射阀,其特征在于:阀针(7)在其燃烧室侧的端部区域以小的间隙在空心阀针(5)中被导向。
5.根据权利要求4的燃料喷射阀,其特征在于:该间隙小于10μm。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10227277A DE10227277A1 (de) | 2002-06-19 | 2002-06-19 | Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen |
DE10227277.8 | 2002-06-19 |
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CN1662742A true CN1662742A (zh) | 2005-08-31 |
CN100370132C CN100370132C (zh) | 2008-02-20 |
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US (1) | US7044406B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1518049B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2005530091A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN100370132C (zh) |
DE (2) | DE10227277A1 (zh) |
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CN105649819A (zh) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-08 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 具有改善的打开和关闭性能的直接吹入式燃气喷射器 |
CN106286057A (zh) * | 2015-06-24 | 2017-01-04 | 株式会社电装 | 燃料喷射喷嘴 |
CN106321313A (zh) * | 2015-07-02 | 2017-01-11 | 株式会社电装 | 燃料喷射阀 |
CN109611250A (zh) * | 2013-05-21 | 2019-04-12 | 西港电力公司 | 燃料喷射器 |
CN112211755A (zh) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-01-12 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 内燃机的水喷射系统以及用于水喷射系统的喷射阀 |
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DE10351881A1 (de) * | 2003-10-30 | 2005-06-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Injektor mit Strukturen zur Begrenzung verschleißbedingter Änderungen eines Öffnungsverlaufs |
TR200402050A2 (tr) * | 2004-08-18 | 2006-03-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Eşeksenli alansal temaslı çift oturma çaplı enjektör |
CN101268273B (zh) * | 2005-04-06 | 2012-01-18 | 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 | 用于减少烟灰排放的喷射器双列簇配置 |
JP5716788B2 (ja) * | 2013-04-25 | 2015-05-13 | 株式会社デンソー | 燃料噴射弁 |
US10453490B2 (en) | 2017-12-19 | 2019-10-22 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Optical disc device |
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DE2711391A1 (de) * | 1977-03-16 | 1978-09-21 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Kraftstoffeinspritzduese |
DE3236046C2 (de) * | 1982-09-29 | 1986-03-20 | Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse für Brennkraftmaschinen |
DE3429471C2 (de) * | 1984-08-10 | 1987-04-30 | L'Orange GmbH, 7000 Stuttgart | Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
DE3938551A1 (de) * | 1989-11-21 | 1991-05-23 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Kraftstoff-einspritzduese fuer brennkraftmaschinen |
EP0967382B1 (en) * | 1998-06-24 | 2004-11-24 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Fuel injector |
GB9903496D0 (en) * | 1999-02-16 | 1999-04-07 | Lucas Ind Plc | Fuel injector |
DE10122241A1 (de) * | 2001-05-08 | 2002-12-05 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen |
-
2002
- 2002-06-19 DE DE10227277A patent/DE10227277A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-03-26 US US10/503,439 patent/US7044406B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-03-26 DE DE50303303T patent/DE50303303D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-03-26 WO PCT/DE2003/000991 patent/WO2004001219A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2003-03-26 JP JP2004514537A patent/JP2005530091A/ja active Pending
- 2003-03-26 CN CNB038144484A patent/CN100370132C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-03-26 EP EP03718631A patent/EP1518049B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN104919174A (zh) * | 2013-01-11 | 2015-09-16 | Kw技术有限两合公司 | 用于将液体喷洒到操作室内的装置 |
CN109611250A (zh) * | 2013-05-21 | 2019-04-12 | 西港电力公司 | 燃料喷射器 |
US10767611B2 (en) | 2013-05-21 | 2020-09-08 | Westport Power Inc. | Fuel injector |
CN109611250B (zh) * | 2013-05-21 | 2021-06-29 | 西港电力公司 | 燃料喷射器 |
CN105649819A (zh) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-08 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 具有改善的打开和关闭性能的直接吹入式燃气喷射器 |
CN105649819B (zh) * | 2014-11-28 | 2019-11-29 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 具有改善的打开和关闭性能的直接吹入式燃气喷射器 |
CN106286057A (zh) * | 2015-06-24 | 2017-01-04 | 株式会社电装 | 燃料喷射喷嘴 |
CN106321313A (zh) * | 2015-07-02 | 2017-01-11 | 株式会社电装 | 燃料喷射阀 |
CN106321313B (zh) * | 2015-07-02 | 2019-11-29 | 株式会社电装 | 燃料喷射阀 |
CN112211755A (zh) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-01-12 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 内燃机的水喷射系统以及用于水喷射系统的喷射阀 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10227277A1 (de) | 2004-01-08 |
JP2005530091A (ja) | 2005-10-06 |
EP1518049B1 (de) | 2006-05-10 |
US20050139698A1 (en) | 2005-06-30 |
WO2004001219A1 (de) | 2003-12-31 |
DE50303303D1 (de) | 2006-06-14 |
US7044406B2 (en) | 2006-05-16 |
EP1518049A1 (de) | 2005-03-30 |
CN100370132C (zh) | 2008-02-20 |
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