CN1654124A - Breaking and high tension electrostatic separating method for worn-out printed circuit board - Google Patents
Breaking and high tension electrostatic separating method for worn-out printed circuit board Download PDFInfo
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- CN1654124A CN1654124A CN 200510023785 CN200510023785A CN1654124A CN 1654124 A CN1654124 A CN 1654124A CN 200510023785 CN200510023785 CN 200510023785 CN 200510023785 A CN200510023785 A CN 200510023785A CN 1654124 A CN1654124 A CN 1654124A
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Abstract
The crushing and high voltage electrostatic separation process of waste printed circuit board includes first crushing waste printed circuit board into 5-20 mm fragments, then pulverized into 0.06-0.5 mm grains and final separating metal grains from non-metal grains. The pulverized grains are fed to separating roller in high voltage electrostatic separating apparatus homogeneously and bombarded with negative ions the corona electrode generates to be charged. The metal grains are discharged fast in the earthing roller and electrostatically attracted with the static charge the electrostatic electrode generates to separate from the separating roller and fall into the metal collecting area, while the negatively charged non-metal grains are repelled electrically by the electrode to maintain on the surface of the metal roller before being brushed with a brush to fall into the non-metal collecting area. Thus, non-metal grains are separated from the metal grains in low cost, high efficiency and no pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fragmentation and high-pressure electrostatic separation method of waste and old printed circuit board, be to waste and old printed circuit board reclaim, a kind of method of regeneration and resource.Belong to trade waste processing, resource field in the environmental protection technical field.
Background technology
Novel solid discarded object-electron wastes appears in the high speed development along with electronic information industry: comprise electronic instrument that various waste computers, communication equipment, television set, refrigerator, washing machine and unit eliminate etc.Estimate that according to the expert surplus the electrical equipment about 2800 such as the refrigerator that China scraps present every year, washing machine, computer, air-conditioning ten thousand, waste electronic electrical equipment total amount reaches 1,000,000 tons, and wherein printed circuit board (PCB) accounts for 4% of total amount greatly.
Contain tens kinds of metals that recovery value is higher such as copper, gold, silver, palladium in the waste and old printed circuit board (PCB).As containing copper (Cu), gold (Au), silver (Ag), palladium valuable metals such as (Pd) in the waste mobile phone circuit board, its content is: contain golden 280g/t, silver-colored 2kg/t, copper 1000g/t, palladium 100g/t.Even the gold content grade of gold mine is low to moderate 3g/t extraction value is arranged also, the gold content of the concentrate that obtains through ore dressing also has only about 70g/t.The average grade of China platinum group metal has only 0.4g/t, the grade 0.6-23g/t of world's platinum-group metal ores, and copper mine, silver ore do not reach above-mentioned content yet.
In printed circuit board (PCB), the content of metal is up to 40%, and the rich ore tenor of occurring in nature 3-5% only.Maximum is copper, also has gold, aluminium, nickel, lead, silicon metal etc. in addition, wherein is no lack of rare metal.Have statistics to show, gold content reaches about 1000 grams in the waste and old circuit board per ton.Now, along with technological level improves, cost reduces, and still can extract the gold about 300 grams in the useless circuit board per ton, and market price is roughly equal to about 30,000 yuan.Therefore, the metal that contains in so-called " electronic waste " is tens times even hundred times of natural mineral reserve.
Present waste and old printed circuit board resource treatment technique mainly contains hydrometallurgy, pyrometallurgy, mechanical treatment or several treatment technology and combines.Because mechanical treatment is easily realized through engineering approaches, can't produce secondary pollution, this method is favourably welcome.Chinese invention patent " a kind of printed circuit board (PCB) reclaims the method for valuable material " (Wang Wenbin, the patent No. 98105592.3) with waste and old printed circuit board through changeing at a high speed cutting machine, high speed disintegrator, impact crusher, efflorescence machine, flour mill and tank, successively through shredding, pulverize, the separation process of bang, efflorescence and metal and nonmetallic materials.Separate with nonmetallic though can realize metal, whole shattering process is loaded down with trivial details.The material that all are broken adopts tank to carry out sorting in the method, because thin material is difficult to disperse in water, so part metals can not sunk, the efficiency of separation is low, product needed dehydration, drying, and exist environmental pollution improvement's problems such as mud and wastewater treatment.Chinese invention patent " process for breaking, separating and recovering of waste printed circuit board and device therefor thereof " (Shen Zhigang etc., the patent No. 99102862.7) waste and old printed circuit board is broken, carefully breaks through thick successively, be divided into a lot of ranks by vibratory sieve then, each rank adopts airflow separator, and the realization metal separates with nonmetallic substance.Its shortcoming is that classification is too much, and the efficiency of separation of airflow separator is low, influenced greatly by material shapes; (material 0.074mm) can't be realized effective sorting for fine fraction.Chinese invention patent " having the dry method physics of valence component to reclaim technology on the electron wastes integrated circuit board " (Zhao Yuemin etc., application number 03113180.8) integrated circuit board be will discard and double teeth roller cutter, efficient impact crusher, magnetic separator, classifying screen, eddy current separator, damp type pneumatic separation machine, cylinder electrostatic separator, triboelectric separator passed through successively, shear successively, fragmentation, screening, sorting, final separating metal and nonmetallic substance.There are problems such as cost height, complex process in this method.According to foreign literature, more advanced processing method is that earlier to adopt liquid nitrogen that waste and old printed circuit board is carried out freezing, carries out fragmentation, sorting (electric separation, eddy current separation, magnetic separation) then, last pneumatic separation metal and nonmetal.But the entire process process is loaded down with trivial details.Exist classification too much equally, the efficiency of separation of airflow separator is low, influenced greatly by material shapes, and (material 0.074mm) can't be realized problems such as effective sorting for fine fraction.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the prior art above shortcomings, a kind of fragmentation and high-pressure electrostatic separation method of waste and old printed circuit board are provided, metal and non-metallic particle are carried out effectively fragmentation and separate, realize recovery, regeneration and recycling treatment waste and old printed circuit board.
For realizing such purpose, in the technical scheme of the present invention, adopt bi-fluted roller type fragmentation-high speed pulverizing-high-pressure electrostatic separation method, the effective fragmentation that realizes metal and non-metallic particle with separate.
The principle that high-pressure electrostatic separates is that metal and nonmetal hybrid particles are given on the ground connection cylinder surface of rotation, be subjected to anion bombardment that corona electrode produces and charged, metallic particles loses negative electrical charge rapidly by the ground connection cylinder, stationary electrode attract and under the gravity effect metallic particles fly away from cylinder surface, non-metallic particle then keeps institute electronegative, under the electric field force effect, be close to cylinder surface, turn to the rear with cylinder, by hairbrush brush down, thus realize separating of metallic particles and non-metallic particle.
For this reason, comprise in the technical solution used in the present invention waste and old printed circuit board is carried out fragmentation, ground grains is further pulverized and the metal and nonmetal particle carried out high-pressure electrostatic separate three operations.At first adopt conveyer belt that waste and old circuit board is transported to the bi-fluted roller type disintegrating machine, waste and old circuit board is broken into the fragment that granularity is 5mm～20mm, adopting conveyer belt again is granularity that the waste and old circuit board fragment of 5mm～20mm is transported to the high speed impact pulverizer, further waste printed circuit board is ground into the particle of 0.06mm～0.5mm.Then pulverized particle is carried out separating of metal and non-metallic particle by the high-pressure electrostatic method, pulverized mixed material evenly joins on the separation barrel that rotates in the high-pressure electrostatic separation equipment by charging gear, make metal and non-metallic particle all electronegative by the anion bombardment that corona electrode produced, and metallic particles loses negative electrical charge rapidly by the ground connection cylinder, neutral.The voltage that corona electrode applies is 5KV～60KV, and electric current is 2mA～5mA.Stationary electrode produces electrostatic attraction to metallic particles makes its disengaging separation barrel fall into the metal collecting region, and electronegative non-metallic particle is subjected to the surface that the electrode repulsion is retained in separation barrel, turning to the rear with separation barrel is brushed by hairbrush, fall into nonmetal collecting region, obtain non-metal base plate material granule and metallic particles thus respectively.
The present invention can determine technological parameter according to the kind of waste printed circuit board and the granularity requirements of needs fragmentation in practical operation.
Air-flow selection by winnowing after bi-fluted roller type fragmentation-high speed pulverizings-high-pressure electrostatic separation method that the present invention adopts and the fragmentation of multistep complexity and utilize the wet concentration ratio of density contrast, have characteristics such as cost is low, efficient, simple in structure, pollution-free, overcome the method that methods such as domestic employing baked wheaten cake and pickling reclaim valuable metal in the old circuit board, reduced environmental pollution.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the inventive method.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of mesohigh electrostatic separating method of the present invention.
Among Fig. 2,1 is corona electrode, and 2 is electrostatic attraction electrode, and 3 is separation barrel, and 4 is hairbrush, and 5 is metallic particles, and 6 is non-metallic particle, and 7 is charging gear.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing technical scheme of the present invention is further described.
The flow process of the inventive method comprises waste and old printed circuit board is carried out fragmentation, carries out three operations of high-pressure electrostatic separation to the further pulverizing of ground grains and with the metal and nonmetal particle as shown in Figure 1.At first adopt conveyer belt that waste and old circuit board is transported to the bi-fluted roller type disintegrating machine, waste and old circuit board is broken into the fragment that granularity is 5mm～20mm, adopting conveyer belt again is granularity that the waste and old circuit board fragment of 5mm～20mm is transported to the high speed impact pulverizer, further waste printed circuit board is ground into the particle of 0.06mm～0.5mm.Then pulverized particle transport is arrived the high-pressure electrostatic separation equipment, under the effect of corona electrode and electrostatic attraction electrode, the metallics in the mixed material is separated with nonmetallic substance, obtain non-metal base plate material granule (glass fibre etc.) and metallic particles such as copper, tin.
The high-pressure electrostatic separation method that adopts among the present invention as shown in Figure 2, be granularity that the waste printed circuit board mixed material of 0.06mm～0.5mm evenly joins on the separation barrel 3 of rotation by charging gear 7 at first, make metal and non-metallic particle all electronegative by the anion bombardment that corona electrode produced, and metallic particles 5 loses negative electrical charge rapidly by ground connection separation barrel 3, neutral.The voltage that corona electrode 1 applies is 5KV～60KV, and electric current is 2mA～5mA.2 pairs of metallic particles of stationary electrode 5 produce electrostatic attraction makes its disengaging separation barrel 3 fall into the metal collecting region.The non-metallic particle 6 of negative electrical charge is subjected to electrode and repels the surface that is retained in separation barrel 3, turns to the rear with separation barrel 3 and is fallen by hairbrush 4 brushes, falls into nonmetal collecting region.
The present invention can determine technological parameter according to the kind of waste printed circuit board and the granularity requirements of needs fragmentation in practical operation.
Among the present invention, twin tooth type kibbler roll, high speed impact pulverizer and high-pressure electrostatic separation equipment are formed closed system, adopt conveyer belt to carry out the transmission of material between the system, and whole system is carried out under air-proof condition.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of fragmentation of waste and old printed circuit board and high-pressure electrostatic separation method, it is characterized in that at first adopting the bi-fluted roller type disintegrating machine that waste and old circuit board is broken into the fragment that granularity is 5mm～20mm, adopt the high speed impact pulverizer further waste printed circuit board to be ground into the particle of 0.06mm～0.5mm again, then pulverized particle is carried out separating of metal and non-metallic particle by the high-pressure electrostatic method, pulverized particle evenly joins on the separation barrel (3) that rotates in the high-pressure electrostatic separation equipment by charging gear (7), make metal and non-metallic particle all electronegative by the anion bombardment that corona electrode produced, and metallic particles (5) loses negative electrical charge rapidly by ground connection cylinder (3), neutral; The voltage that corona electrode (1) applies is 5KV～60KV, electric current is 2mA～5mA, stationary electrode (2) produces electrostatic attraction to metallic particles (5) makes its disengaging separation barrel (3) fall into the metal collecting region, and electronegative non-metallic particle (6) is subjected to the surface that the electrode repulsion is retained in separation barrel (3), turning to the rear with separation barrel (3) is fallen by hairbrush (4) brush, non-metallic particle (6) falls into nonmetal collecting region, thus non-metallic particle is separated with metallic particles.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100237855A CN1313208C (en) | 2005-02-03 | 2005-02-03 | Breaking and high tension electrostatic separating method for worn-out printed circuit board |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100237855A CN1313208C (en) | 2005-02-03 | 2005-02-03 | Breaking and high tension electrostatic separating method for worn-out printed circuit board |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1654124A true CN1654124A (en) | 2005-08-17 |
| CN1313208C CN1313208C (en) | 2007-05-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2005100237855A Expired - Fee Related CN1313208C (en) | 2005-02-03 | 2005-02-03 | Breaking and high tension electrostatic separating method for worn-out printed circuit board |
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| CN101406861B (en) * | 2008-11-20 | 2010-06-02 | 上海交通大学 | Multiple-roller type high-pressure electrostatic separation method for recovering waste and old printed circuit boards |
| CN102268550A (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2011-12-07 | 上海交通大学 | Recovering method of zinc in waste circuit board |
| CN102268549A (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2011-12-07 | 上海交通大学 | Method for recovering cadmium from waste circuit board |
| CN102357504A (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2012-02-22 | 上海交通大学 | Recovery method of lead in waste circuit board |
| CN102671916A (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2012-09-19 | 宁波天地回珑再生资源科技有限公司 | Recycling processing technology for waste circuit board |
| CN103785543A (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2014-05-14 | 常州翔宇资源再生科技有限公司 | Dry type electrostatic separator for dry type recovery production line of waste circuit board |
| CN103817010A (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2014-05-28 | 广州市冠誉铝箔包装材料有限公司 | Device for separating medicinal blister aluminum plastic by using high voltage electrostatic way, and separation method |
| CN104313332A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-01-28 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Self-assembly separation and resource recycling method for multi-metal components in electronic waste |
| CN105478242A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-04-13 | 张子生 | Pin electrode current measuring device and measuring method for high-voltage electrostatic separator |
| CN104797919B (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2017-05-24 | 三菱综合材料株式会社 | Method and device for sampling recycled raw material, analysis sample of recycled raw material, and evaluating method |
| CN109317295A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-02-12 | 浙江理工大学 | A kind of circuit board crushing recyclable device |
| CN109603970A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-04-12 | 王伟华 | A kind of environment-friendly type waste and old circuit board crushing sorting reclaimer |
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| CN110898994A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-24 | 北京石油化工学院 | Corona electric field electric separation equipment for electronic waste |
| CN113245341A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-08-13 | 中国质量认证中心 | Method for recycling MWT crystalline silicon photovoltaic module |
| EP4184656A4 (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2023-12-27 | Guangdong Brunp Recycling Technology Co., Ltd | Automated fine and deep separating method for power batteries, and device |
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| WO2022123438A1 (en) | 2020-12-07 | 2022-06-16 | Universidade Do Porto | Eco-friendly method for recycling electronic waste |
| EP4008444A1 (en) | 2020-12-07 | 2022-06-08 | Universidade Do Porto | Eco-friendly method for recycling electronic waste |
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| CN86209008U (en) * | 1986-11-13 | 1988-02-24 | 鞍山钢铁公司 | Compound high-voltage electronic-selecting-machine |
| JP3369234B2 (en) * | 1992-12-10 | 2003-01-20 | 同和鉱業株式会社 | Method for separating and recovering valuable resources from composite materials |
| GB9412130D0 (en) * | 1994-06-17 | 1994-08-10 | British American Tobacco Co | Electrostatic separation of materials from tobacco |
| CN2272330Y (en) * | 1996-03-29 | 1998-01-14 | 冶金工业部长沙矿冶研究院 | High-efficient high-voltage electric separator |
| JP2001276657A (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2001-10-09 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | Electrostatic sorter |
| JP2002126577A (en) * | 2000-10-24 | 2002-05-08 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | Combination type selector |
| CN1247326C (en) * | 2003-04-11 | 2006-03-29 | 中国矿业大学 | Dry physical recovery process for recovering valuable components from waste electronic board card |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101406861B (en) * | 2008-11-20 | 2010-06-02 | 上海交通大学 | Multiple-roller type high-pressure electrostatic separation method for recovering waste and old printed circuit boards |
| CN102268550A (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2011-12-07 | 上海交通大学 | Recovering method of zinc in waste circuit board |
| CN102268549A (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2011-12-07 | 上海交通大学 | Method for recovering cadmium from waste circuit board |
| CN102357504A (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2012-02-22 | 上海交通大学 | Recovery method of lead in waste circuit board |
| CN102671916A (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2012-09-19 | 宁波天地回珑再生资源科技有限公司 | Recycling processing technology for waste circuit board |
| CN102671916B (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2014-05-28 | 宁波天地回珑再生资源科技有限公司 | Recycling processing technology for waste circuit board |
| CN103785543A (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2014-05-14 | 常州翔宇资源再生科技有限公司 | Dry type electrostatic separator for dry type recovery production line of waste circuit board |
| CN104797919B (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2017-05-24 | 三菱综合材料株式会社 | Method and device for sampling recycled raw material, analysis sample of recycled raw material, and evaluating method |
| CN103817010A (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2014-05-28 | 广州市冠誉铝箔包装材料有限公司 | Device for separating medicinal blister aluminum plastic by using high voltage electrostatic way, and separation method |
| CN104313332A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-01-28 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Self-assembly separation and resource recycling method for multi-metal components in electronic waste |
| CN105478242A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-04-13 | 张子生 | Pin electrode current measuring device and measuring method for high-voltage electrostatic separator |
| CN105478242B (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2018-02-06 | 河北大学 | Pin electrode current measuring device and measuring method in high pressure electrostatic separator |
| CN109317295A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-02-12 | 浙江理工大学 | A kind of circuit board crushing recyclable device |
| CN109603970A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-04-12 | 王伟华 | A kind of environment-friendly type waste and old circuit board crushing sorting reclaimer |
| CN109603970B (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2021-08-06 | 王伟华 | Environment-friendly waste circuit board crushing, sorting and recycling equipment |
| CN110171076A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-08-27 | 江苏绿能塑木科技有限公司 | The regrading device of the wooden particle powder is moulded in preparation |
| CN110171076B (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2021-04-09 | 江苏绿能塑木科技有限公司 | Secondary screening device for preparing plastic-wood particle powder |
| CN110898994A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-24 | 北京石油化工学院 | Corona electric field electric separation equipment for electronic waste |
| EP4184656A4 (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2023-12-27 | Guangdong Brunp Recycling Technology Co., Ltd | Automated fine and deep separating method for power batteries, and device |
| CN113245341A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-08-13 | 中国质量认证中心 | Method for recycling MWT crystalline silicon photovoltaic module |
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