JP2001276657A - Electrostatic sorter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electrostatic sorter which can sufficiently separate materials to be sorted even when a corona discharge type and an electrostatic system are used in combination. SOLUTION: This electrostatic sorter executes sorting by impressing a negative high voltage between a drum electrode 1 which is grounded, is formed to a cylindrical shape at its surface and is disposed freely rotatably in a prescribed direction around a horizontal axial center and a counter electrode 2 disposed apart a prescribed distance (d) from the surface of the drum electrode 1 in an upper position on the downward rotating side of the drum electrode 1, dropping crushed refuse A between both electrodes 1 and 2 to separate plastics A1 and metals A2 and respectively recovering the materials into recovering containers 5 arranged below the drum electrode 1. The counter electrode 2 comprises a planar electrode section 11 formed in the section to an arcuate shape so as to comply with the surface of the drum electrode 1 and needle-like electrodes 12 disposed on the surface on the drum electrode 1 side of the planar electrode section 11.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrostatic separation apparatus for separating plastics and metals from, for example, pulverized waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there are an electrostatic type and a corona discharge type as an electrostatic sorting apparatus for sorting insulating plastics and conductive metals using electric force. In order to carry out the process efficiently, there is a type using both an electrostatic type and a corona discharge type.

[0003] As shown in Fig. 6, this combined-type electrostatic sorting apparatus is grounded, has a cylindrical surface, and is rotated about a horizontal axis in a predetermined direction (indicated by an arrow b). A metal drum electrode 51 and the drum electrode 51
A linear electrode 52 for corona discharge, which is disposed diagonally above the downward rotating side and at a predetermined distance from the drum electrode 51, and slightly below the linear electrode 52 and from the drum electrode 51. A plate electrode 53 for forming an electrostatic field, which is arranged to face at a predetermined distance, and a power supply (not shown) for applying a negative high voltage between the electrodes 52, 53 and the drum electrode 51. ) And the drum electrode 51
And a collection container 54 for sorted objects disposed below the container.

In the above-mentioned configuration, for example, when a high negative voltage is applied between the drum electrode 51 rotated in a predetermined direction and the two electrodes 52 and 53, for example, pulverized debris is deposited on the drum electrode 51 by the quantitative supply device. , Firstly, negative ions emitted from the needle-shaped electrode 52 collide with the crushed refuse, and in the case of conductive metals, a negative charge is generated on the drum electrode 51.
However, in the case of plastics, which are insulating materials, negative charges remain on the surface, and therefore, are attracted to the drum electrode 51 side.

[0005] On the other hand, in an electrostatic field, polarization occurs in the crushed dust due to electrostatic induction, and in metals, a negative charge is absorbed by the drum electrode 51 and a positive charge remains.
, And the plastics are sucked toward the drum electrode 51 because negative charges remain.

That is, a needle-like electrode 52 for corona discharge and a plate electrode 53 for forming an electrostatic field are arranged in order.
The crushed refuse was separated into plastics and metals, and was collected in collection containers 54 arranged below the drum electrodes 51, respectively.

[0007]

According to the above-mentioned electrostatic sorting apparatus, since the electrodes for corona discharge and the electrodes for forming the electrostatic field are arranged in order, the suction action of each electrode to the drum electrode is performed. The range was narrow, and the separation could not be performed sufficiently, despite the use of two types of separation methods.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an electrostatic separation apparatus capable of sufficiently separating even when both types are used together.

[0009]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an electrostatic sorting apparatus according to the present invention is grounded, has a cylindrical surface, and is rotatable in a predetermined direction about a horizontal axis. A negative high voltage is applied between the drum electrode provided and a counter electrode provided at a position above the drum electrode on the downward rotation side and at a predetermined distance from the surface of the drum electrode, and a voltage is applied between both electrodes. An electrostatic sorting apparatus that separates an object to be separated into an object, separates an insulating material and a conductive material, and collects and collects the material in a collection container disposed below the drum electrode. Comprises a plate-shaped electrode portion having a cross section formed in an arc shape along the surface of the drum electrode, and a needle-shaped or linear electrode portion provided on the surface of the plate-shaped electrode portion on the drum electrode side. It is.

As described above, the opposing electrode is provided on the surface of the plate-shaped electrode portion for forming an electrostatic field formed in an arc shape along the surface of the drum electrode over a predetermined range. And the needle-shaped electrode portion for corona discharge, the object to be dropped dropped on the drum electrode is simultaneously subjected to two types of separation action over the range where the plate-shaped electrode portion is provided. Therefore, separation can be performed extremely efficiently.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an electrostatic sorting device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, this electrostatic sorting apparatus is grounded (grounded), has a cylindrical surface, and is oriented in a predetermined direction (indicated by an arrow a) around a horizontal axis. A rotatable metal drum electrode (also called a roll electrode) 1 is provided at a position above the drum electrode 1 on the downward rotation side and at a predetermined distance (d) from the surface of the drum electrode 1. Counter electrode 2, a power supply 3 for applying a high negative voltage between the counter electrode 2 and the drum electrode 1, and a quantitative supply device for quantitatively supplying an object to be sorted between the electrodes 1 and 2 ( For example, a vibrating feeder is used) 4 and, for example, two collectors disposed below the drum electrode 1 and the counter electrode 2 to separate and collect the objects to be separated separated by the electrodes 1 and 2. Room 5
a, 5b, and a counter electrode 2 in which the counter electrode 2 is formed in an arc shape with a cross section of approximately 90 degrees along the surface of the drum electrode 1.
1 and a needle electrode portion 12 provided on the surface of the plate electrode portion 11 on the drum electrode 1 side.

The plate-like electrode portion 11 is formed by bending a rectangular metal plate into an arc shape along the surface of the drum electrode 1.
A large number of elongated conical metal needles are arranged at predetermined intervals.

A scraping member (for example, a scraper, a rotating brush, etc.) for scraping off the sorting object adsorbed on the surface of the drum electrode 1 is provided downstream of the lower half of the drum electrode 1 in the rotation direction. (Used) 6 are provided.

In the above configuration, when a high negative voltage is applied between the drum electrode 1 and the counter electrode 2 which are rotated in a predetermined direction, for example, plastics (insulating material) A1 Trash (sorted material) A, which is a mixture of metal and metals (conductive material) A2, is quantitatively dropped and supplied onto the drum electrode 1, and then the sorted material A is formed into a thin layer by the drum electrode 1. Spreads in layers on the surface of.

Then, the sorting object A spread in a layered form is moved between the counter electrode 2 and the needle-shaped electrode portion 11.
The plastics A1 are attracted to the surface of the drum electrode 1 by the negative ions radiated from the surface of the drum electrode 1 by the negative ions radiated by the corona discharge B and the polarization action caused by the electrostatic induction in the electrostatic field C formed by the plate-shaped electrode portion 12, and The class A2 is attracted to the counter electrode 2 side, jumps from the surface of the drum electrode 1, and is collected in the collection chambers 5a and 5b in the collection container 5 below.

As described above, the opposing electrode 2 is formed over the entire surface of the plate-like electrode portion 11 for forming an arc-shaped electrostatic field along the surface of the drum electrode 1 over a predetermined range. And a large number of needle-shaped electrode portions 12 for corona discharge are provided, so that the refuse dropped and supplied onto the drum electrode 1 is substantially 90%.
Since two types of separation actions are simultaneously received over a range of degrees, separation can be performed very efficiently as compared with the case where two types of separation actions are separately performed as in the related art. In particular, it is optimal for recycling waste wires.

In the above embodiment, the opposing electrode 2 is constituted by the plate-like electrode portion 11 and the needle-like electrode portion 12. However, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, for example, as shown in FIG. A plurality of linear electrode portions 22 made of a thin electric wire or the like may be arranged at equal intervals along the circumference on the surface on the side of the drum electrode 1. In this case, the same operation and effect as those of the above embodiment can be obtained.

[0019]

As described above, according to the configuration of the electrostatic sorting device of the present invention, the opposing electrode is formed in a circular arc shape along the surface of the drum electrode over a predetermined range. Since the electrode portion and the needle-shaped electrode portion for corona discharge provided on the surface of the plate-shaped electrode portion, the object to be sorted dropped on the drum electrode is provided with the plate-shaped electrode portion. Since two types of separation actions are simultaneously received over the range, the separation can be performed extremely efficiently as compared with the conventional case where two types of separation actions are performed separately.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of an electrostatic sorting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view as seen in the direction of arrows DD in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of a portion between both electrodes in the electrostatic sorting device.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part showing a modification of the counter electrode in the electrostatic sorting device.

FIG. 5 is a view taken in the direction of arrows EE in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a conventional electrostatic sorting apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Drum electrode 2 Counter electrode 3 Power supply 4 Quantitative supply device 5 Collection container 11 Plate electrode part 12 Needle electrode part 22 Linear electrode part

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Tetsuya Inoue 1-7-89 Minami Kohoku, Suminoe-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Inside Hitachi Zosen Corporation (72) Inventor Hidehiko Maehata 1- 7-89, Minami-Kohita, Suminoe-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka No. F-term in Hitachi Zosen Corporation (reference) 4D054 GA01 GA04 GA09 GB01

Claims (1)

[Claims] A drum electrode which is grounded and whose surface is formed in a cylindrical shape and which is rotatable in a predetermined direction around a horizontal axis; A negative high voltage is applied between the counter electrode provided at a position separated from the surface by a predetermined distance, and the object to be sorted is dropped between the two electrodes to separate the insulating material and the conductive material. What is claimed is: 1. An electrostatic sorting device for collecting and sorting in a collecting container disposed below a drum electrode, wherein the counter electrode is a plate-like electrode having a cross-section formed in an arc shape along the surface of the drum electrode. And an acicular or linear electrode portion provided on a surface of the plate electrode portion on the drum electrode side.