A kind of technology and equipment thereof that utilizes the boiler smoke drying leather-making mud
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of environmentally safe energy-saving leather-making mud treatment technology and corresponding apparatus, particularly relate to a kind of technology and drying plant that utilizes the boiler smoke drying leather-making mud.
Background technology
Leather-making mud is the waste that produces in the tanning sewage treating processes, the flowing material that leather-making mud is a kind of water content height, easily corruption is smelly, outward appearance is black, also contain objectionable impuritiess such as chromium, sulfide, its leach liquor has stronger mutagenesis and carcinogenesis, soil and water surrounding and human and livestock health are had potential threat, and many countries classify leather-making mud as Hazardous wastes.
At present there are landfill, burning, coal firing boiler to mix burning, mummification, brickmaking etc. to the treating method of leather-making mud in the world.Wherein, waterproof interlayer and pumping equipment need be set landfill in case the leaching of drop liquid, and land occupation cost height; Burn and more need specific equipment, the cost height, and easily produce secondary pollution; Coal firing boiler burning mixed mud mixed-fuel burning proportion is little, and chromium content height in the flying dust, the dedusting difficulty.Domestic most of tannery then adopts " drying bed " to stack these water content height, bulky mud, ooze under the sewage wherein environment has been caused very big influence, especially south, because rainwater is many and residing ground water table is high again, these " drying beds " not only do not have should producing effect of dewatered sludge, and following the oozing of sewage constitutes very big threat to underground water; " drying bed " takies considerable land area, distributes unpleasant foul smell frequently, and sanitary condition is very poor on every side, badly influenced the social image of leather-making enterprises, seriously restricted the sustainable development of leather-making enterprises.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is for overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art, solve the serious puzzlement that leather-making mud brings, a kind of technology of utilizing the boiler smoke drying leather-making mud has been proposed, make leather-making mud need not adopt " drying bed " to stack and take considerable land area, avoided the pollution that may cause underground water and the influence of environment; Also proposed a kind of equipment that utilizes the boiler smoke drying leather-making mud simultaneously, and running cost is not high yet.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of technology of utilizing the boiler smoke drying leather-making mud comprises dedusting, air inducing, the water film dedusting of boiler smoke, reinforced, the transmission of leather-making mud and oven dry, discharging step:
(a) dedusting: remove the flying dust in the boiler smoke;
(b) air inducing:, will send in the drying tunnel through dust separating boiler smoke by induced draft fan at blast inlet; At air outlet, will carry the boiler smoke of water vapour by induced draft fan secretly and discharge from drying tunnel;
(c) reinforced: as to send to leather-making mud in the loading hopper and join on the conveying belt in the drying tunnel; In the reinforced process, the trowel axle at charging opening place is in rotating state, and trowel disperses mud on the trowel axle, and mud can be joined on the conveying belt comparatively equably;
(d) transmission and oven dry: under the drive of driving mechanism, the conveying belt in the drying tunnel carries mud and is in transmission state always; Be subjected to the effect of boiler smoke, the moisture content in the mud constantly evaporates; Boiler smoke is being carried water vapour secretly, discharges from air outlet under the effect of induced draft fan;
(e) discharging: mud oven dry back is discharged by discharge port;
(f) water film dedusting: the boiler smoke of discharging from the drying tunnel air outlet needs to remove dust and water-soluble objectionable impurities wherein, to enter chimney through water film dedusting then.
Described transmission and baking step (d) they are to regulate the residence time of mud in drying tunnel by the transmission speed of control conveying belt, thereby the water content of control discharge port mud.
Described leather-making mud should be controlled its water content about 80-90% earlier through the pressure filter press filtration.
Described leather-making mud preferably tanning sewage such as grey alkali lye and the useless chrome liquor of this leather-making mud before forming carried out handling the hazardous and noxious substances of removing as far as possible wherein, to avoid mud environment was caused secondary pollution.
For obtaining the boiler smoke of comparatively high temps, the economizer in the boiler can be removed.
A kind of equipment that utilizes the boiler smoke drying leather-making mud comprises drying tunnel, loading hopper, conveying belt, driving mechanism, support, discharge bucket, discharge port, blast inlet, air outlet, viewing window; The bottom surface of described drying tunnel, end face, two sides and both ends of the surface are concrete structure, and are provided with the refractory materials masonry in the inboard of two sides, and the two sides of drying tunnel and both ends of the surface are provided with several access doors; Described blast inlet and air outlet are arranged at the two ends of drying tunnel respectively; Described loading hopper is tapered, is provided with charging opening in the bottom, and loading hopper is arranged at the top of drying tunnel blast inlet one end; Described discharge bucket is arranged at drying tunnel air outlet one end, and described discharge port is arranged at the bottom of discharge bucket, and discharge port opens and closes and openings of sizes can be controlled; Described conveying belt is made by high temperature resistant, corrosion resistant material, conveying belt is arranged on the support, support is made by high temperature resistant, corrosion resistant material, conveying belt transmits under the driving of driving mechanism, conveying belt leans on charging opening one end than the more close end of charging opening, mud in the loading hopper is just in time joined on the conveying belt by charging opening, then stretch into discharge bucket by discharge port one end; Described viewing window is arranged at the top of discharge bucket; Leave inspection gallery between described conveying belt and described drying tunnel two sides.
Ground, the length visual field of described drying tunnel and deciding is generally 15m~100m, is preferably 20m~30m.
Charging opening place at described loading hopper is provided with the trowel axle, is provided with some trowels on described trowel axle.
Conveying belt in the described drying tunnel can be provided with one to three layer, is preferably three layers or two layers; One row or multiple row also can be set, be preferably row or two row; Also one or more snippets can be set, be preferably one section or two sections.
The setting of described conveying belt transmission mode comprises:
Pattern one: the end face of conveying belt is by the catatrepsis of charging opening one end to discharge port one end, the transmission mode of promptly reinforced, catatrepsis, discharging;
Pattern two: when conveying belt is set to three layers, from top to bottom, the end face of the first layer is by the catatrepsis of charging opening one end to discharge port one end, the end face of the second layer is moved to the reverse of charging opening one end by discharge port one end, trilaminar end face promptly is dosed to the first layer and the first layer catatrepsis by the catatrepsis of charging opening one end to discharge port one end, turn over by the first layer at discharge port one end and to drop down onto that the second layer and the second layer are reverse to be moved, turn over by the second layer again at charging opening one end and to drop down onto the 3rd layer and the 3rd layer of catatrepsis, the 3rd layer of end stretches into the transmission mode of discharge bucket discharging then;
Pattern three: when conveying belt is set to multistage, from charging opening to discharge port, each section is its end face by the catatrepsis of charging opening one end to discharge port one end, promptly be dosed to first section and first section catatrepsis, turn at first section end and drop down onto second section and second section catatrepsis, form the relay transmission, the final stage end stretches into the transmission mode of discharge bucket discharging then;
Pattern four: when conveying belt was set to multiple row, the defeated pattern of each biography was identical, transmission side by side, reinforced respectively, discharging.
During actual motion, boiler smoke is sent into drying tunnel by the induced draft fan of blast inlet after dedusting, with heat transferred mud, is carrying the water vapour that moisture content evaporated in the mud then secretly in drying tunnel, is drawn by induced draft fan behind water film dedusting and enters chimney; Leather-making mud is joined on the conveying belt of the superiors in the drying tunnel by the charging opening of loading hopper, carries out thermal exchange through transmission course and with boiler smoke, and moisture content constantly evaporates, at last from the discharge hole for discharge of discharge bucket bottom.The oven dry mud that discharge port is discharged can be transferred on the car and transports by conveying belt.Oven dry mud will be impregnated in the coal, burn in boiler.Described drying technology and equipment design thereof are reasonable, easy to operate, safe and reliable to operation, whole drying course efficient height, and comprehensive cost is low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of a kind of embodiment of drying plant of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the top view partial schematic sectional view of a kind of embodiment of drying plant shown in Figure 2.
Fig. 4 is the local enlarged diagram in loading hopper charging opening place in a kind of embodiment of drying plant shown in Figure 2.
Fig. 5 is that synoptic diagram is looked on the right side of trowel axle of a kind of embodiment of drying plant shown in Figure 2.
Fig. 6 is the synoptic diagram of the another kind of embodiment of drying plant of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the synoptic diagram of another embodiment of drying plant of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Be a kind of embodiment of the present invention's drying plant as shown in Figures 2 and 3, it comprises drying tunnel 2, sludge bucket 1, conveying belt 3, driving mechanism 4, support 5, discharge bucket 6, discharge port 7, blast inlet 8, air outlet 9, viewing window 10.The length of drying tunnel 2 is 25m, and its bottom surface, end face, two sides and both ends of the surface are concrete structure, and the inboard of two sides is provided with refractory materials masonry 11, and two sides and both ends of the surface also are provided with 10 access doors 15.Blast inlet 8 and air outlet 9 are arranged at the two ends of drying tunnel 2 respectively.Loading hopper 1 is tapered, and the bottom is provided with charging opening 12, and charging opening 12 places are provided with trowel axle 13, and trowel axle 13 is provided with trowel 14, sees Fig. 4 and Fig. 5; Loading hopper 1 is arranged at the top of drying tunnel 2 blast inlets 8 one ends.Discharge bucket 6 is arranged at drying tunnel 2 air outlets 9 one ends, and the top of discharge bucket 6 is provided with viewing window 10.Discharge port 7 is arranged at the bottom of discharge bucket 6, and discharge port 7 opens and closes and openings of sizes can manually be controlled.Three layers of conveying belt 3 are set in the drying tunnel 2, and conveying belt 3 is made by high temperature resistant, corrosion resistant material; Conveying belt 3 is a support with support 5, under the drive of driving mechanism 4, the end face of the first layer conveying belt 3 by charging opening 12 1 ends to discharge port 7 one end catatrepsis, the end face of the second layer is moved to the reverse of charging opening (12) one ends by discharge port (7) one ends, and trilaminar end face is by the catatrepsis of charging opening (12) one ends to discharge port (7) one ends; Driving mechanism 4 is driven by motor 16; The first layer conveying belt 3 leans on charging opening 12 1 ends than charging opening 12 more close ends, mud in the sludge bucket 1 is just in time joined on this one deck conveying belt 3 by charging opening 12, second layer conveying belt 3 be provided with one from of the displacement of charging opening 12 1 ends to discharge port 7 one ends, making mud on the first layer conveying belt 3 correct to turn in discharge port 7 one drops down onto on the second layer conveying belt 3, the 3rd layer of conveying belt 3 is concordant with the first layer conveying belt 3 by charging opening 12 1 ends, making mud on the second layer conveying belt 3 correct to turn in charging opening 12 1 drops down onto on the 3rd layer of conveying belt 3, and the 3rd layer of conveying belt 3 stretches into discharge bucket 6 by discharge port 7 one ends, the mud of having dried falls into discharge bucket 6 at this, and discharges from discharge port 7.Reach biend between conveying belt 3 and described drying tunnel 2 two sides and leave inspection gallery.
As shown in Figure 1, boiler smoke is removed wherein flying dust through dedusting, sends in the drying tunnel 2 by the induced draft fan of blast inlet 8; Leather-making mud joins on the conveying belt 3 in the drying tunnel 2 by loading hopper 1, and in the reinforced process, the trowel axle 13 at charging opening place rotates under electric motor driving, and trowel 14 disperses mud on the trowel axle 13, and mud can be joined on the conveying belt comparatively equably; In drying tunnel, conveying belt 3 carries mud and is in transmission state always, is subjected to the effect of boiler smoke, and the moisture content in the mud constantly evaporates, and mud oven dry back is discharged by discharge port 7; Boiler smoke is being carried water vapour secretly, under the induced draft fan effect, discharge from drying tunnel 2, through water film dedusting remove wherein dust and water-soluble objectionable impurities after enter chimney.
In the actually operating, particularly grey alkali lye of tanning sewage and useless chrome liquor before earlier leather-making mud being formed are handled, and removed hazardous and noxious substances wherein, and through the pressure filter press filtration, controlling its water content are 80-90%.Economizer in the boiler is removed, and the temperature of blast inlet 8 boiler smokes is 250-300 ℃.By the transmitting speed of control conveying belt 3, regulate the residence time of mud in drying tunnel 2, thereby the water content of control discharge port 7 mud is less than 50%.
Embodiment 2
Figure 6 shows that the another kind of embodiment of the present invention's drying plant, the length of drying tunnel 2 is 60m, and its two sides and both ends of the surface also are provided with 12 access doors 15, and wherein conveying belt 3 is set to two layers, two sections, and is provided with two loading hoppers 1.Reinforced to first section upper strata conveying belt 3 and conveying belt of lower floor 3 respectively, first section the upper strata conveying belt 3 and the end face of conveying belt of lower floor 3 to discharge port 7 one end catatrepsis, turn over upper strata conveying belt 3 and the conveying belt of lower floor 3 that drops down onto second section by charging opening 12 1 ends respectively at its end; Second section the upper strata conveying belt 3 and the end face of conveying belt of lower floor 3 also by charging opening 12 1 ends to discharge port 7 one end catatrepsis, its end stretches into discharge bucket 6 respectively, the mud of having dried falls into discharge bucket 6 at this, and discharges from discharge port 7.
All the other are identical with embodiment 1.
By the control residence time of mud in drying tunnel 2, thereby the water content of control discharge port 7 mud is less than 50%.
Embodiment 3
Figure 7 shows that another embodiment of the present invention's drying plant, wherein conveying belt 3 is set to three layers, two row.Be provided with two loading hoppers 1 and two discharge buckets 6.The first layer conveying belt 3 is reinforced above two row respectively, through transmission and oven dry, discharges at two discharge ports respectively.
All the other are identical with embodiment 1.
By the control residence time of mud in drying tunnel 2, thereby the water content of control discharge port 7 mud is less than 50%.