CN1628561A - A composition for alleviating fatigue, its preparation method and application - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a composition for rapid relief, fatigue relief and endurance enhancement. The composition includes electrolytes, trace elements and nutrients, and each component is selected and matched according to a set ratio, and a large dose of trace elements such as copper is added , zinc, etc., and at the same time need to meet the formulation design requirements of isotonicity and synergistic effect. According to the results of the inventor's theoretical research on exercise and the results of practical testing, the present invention designs the formulas of a series of compositions in a targeted manner, which can be used to prepare sports drinks, foods or medicines for treating electrolyte disorders. The ingredients and contents of the formulas The range is safe and appropriate, the proportion is scientific and effective, the design is mutually balanced, comprehensively balanced, the product is multi-purpose, and the biological effect of the composition is maximized, so it can delay the occurrence of human fatigue, and can quickly relieve and reduce human fatigue. It restores physical strength, enhances endurance, is suitable for use in various industries, and has broad development and application value.

Description

A composition for alleviating fatigue, its preparation method and application

technical field

The present invention relates to the field of beverage, food and medicine technology, in particular to a composition related to relieving, relieving fatigue and enhancing stamina and its preparation method and application, more specifically to a composition relating to rapid relieving, relieving fatigue and enhancing endurance Compositions for endurance, methods for their preparation and use.

Background technique

(1) Overview

In the 21st century, fitness is not only a fashion, but also a trend and an attitude towards life, which represents an active and healthy lifestyle. This lifestyle includes all aspects of problems, such as how to quickly relieve and relieve fatigue after a lot of physical labor, strenuous exercise or sweating a lot in hot summer is a hot spot that has attracted widespread attention from all walks of life. For professionals such as athletes, This solution becomes even more important. At present, one of the more mainstream solutions is to perform proper fluid replacement during or after exercise, such as taking beverages, especially sports drinks, etc., which is also a very important link.

There are many types of beverages sold in the market, among which soft drinks are mainly divided into three categories: functional drinks, carbonated drinks, and juice drinks. According to the new regulations of the International Beverage Industry Association, functional drinks refer to soft drinks with health benefits.

For the concept of functional drinks, in the eyes of many ordinary consumers, it mainly refers to drinks that can strengthen the body and improve physical functions. In fact, experts pointed out that functional drinks are health products in the form of beverages, and the reason why they are called "functional drinks" is a term that is in line with international standards. In addition to products for strengthening the body and supplementing nutrition, it also includes products for strengthening the brain, energy substances, and products that can shorten fatigue time. At present, functional drinks can be divided into three categories, namely sports drinks, nutritional drinks and other functional drinks. At present, the global market structure of functional drinks is as follows: 68% for sports drinks, 25% for nutritional drinks, and 7% for others. In the early 1990s, the global sales of functional drinks were less than 2 billion US dollars; in 2000, the sales of the world functional drinks market reached 4.7 billion US dollars, and by 2007 it is expected to increase to 12 billion US dollars.

In China's domestic market, the understanding of functional drinks can be traced back to the Red Bull beverage with the slogan "Drink Red Bull when you are sleepy and tired" in 1995. However, the beverage market at that time was relatively single. A new force on the road. In recent years, China's beverage industry has developed rapidly, with an average annual growth rate of 20%. The variety of beverages has been constantly refurbished, and a large number of large-scale and well-known enterprises have emerged. Compared with developed countries in the world, the current per capita consumption of functional drinks in my country is only 0.5 kg per year, which is far from the world's per capita consumption of 7 kg. Therefore, China's functional beverage market is huge.

(2) Technical standards of Chinese sports drinks

Now there are all kinds of sports drinks on the market. Most sports drinks improve exercise ability by providing liquid and supplementing energy with sugar. The electrolytes and vitamins contained in the liquid can quickly adjust the function of the human body. Drink after sweating. From the Gastorade in the NBA abroad to the high-energy solid drinks and fitness drinks popular among professional national teams at all levels in China, these are actually a new type of drink—sports drink.

As early as the 1980s, some businesses proposed the concept of sports drinks. Sports drinks are an important category of functional drinks. It is generally believed that sports drinks are non-alcoholic, and scientific analysis proves that they can enhance physical strength during exercise and speed up recovery after exercise.

In 1994, the State Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of China promulgated the national standard for sports drinks (revised in 2000). In the standard, sports drinks are defined as: the composition and content of nutrients can adapt to the physiological characteristics of athletes or people participating in physical exercise and manual labor. Soft drinks for special nutritional needs.

The composition and content of nutrients in sports drinks shall meet any one or more requirements in the following table.

Table 1. Composition and content of nutrients in sports drinks Nutrients content in finished product Ascorbic acid (mg/kg)≤ 120 Thiamine and its derivatives (mg/kg) 3～5 Riboflavin and its derivatives (mg/kg) 2～4 Sodium (mg/kg) 200～1000 Potassium (mg/kg) 100～300 Calcium (mg/kg) 40～200 Magnesium (mg/kg)≤ 20～100 Iron (mg/kg)≤ 5～10 Zinc (mg/kg)≤ 5～10

Food additives: Food additives added to sports drinks shall comply with the provisions of GB 2760, of which benzoic acid shall not exceed 0.1g/kg, sodium saccharin shall not exceed 0.08g/kg, and cyclamate shall not exceed 0.10g/kg. If sodium saccharin and cyclamate are used at the same time, the total amount of the two shall not exceed 0.1g/kg.

Among functional drinks, only sports drinks have national technical standards, according to which sports drinks can be supervised. This type of drink is not suitable for drinking without exercise, because the sodium contained in it will increase the burden on the body, cause increased heart load, and increase blood pressure. Therefore, people with high blood pressure should choose carefully. For some nutrient drinks, because the vitamins contained in them are water-soluble, which is convenient for the body to absorb and excrete, they can be drunk in moderation.

With China's accession to the WTO, especially the development of food trade, a good regulatory environment is very important. Food safety issues have attracted widespread attention from the society, especially in the past year or so. In April 2003, the State Council decided to establish SFDA - the State Food and Drug Administration. The functions assigned to SFDA are to coordinate the existing food safety supervision, strengthen comprehensive supervision and investigation of major cases. Functional drinks and food are now planned Into SFDA supervision.

Although there are some clear regulations in relevant laws and regulations in our country, there are no new laws and regulations related to functional drinks. Functional drinks still need to be further studied, for example, there are still many imperfections in the labeling of functional drinks, functional ingredients, and technical regulations. For functional ingredients, if you want to determine its functionality, you must have a formal evaluation and related recognized standards. Whether it is from the international or domestic, it must be proved that it is safe, which is very important for an industry. The development process is very important, especially after the industry has developed to a certain extent, this issue is crucial.

(2) Basic requirements for sports drink formulations

Different from ordinary drinks, sports drinks are formulated according to the characteristics of physiological consumption during exercise, such as energy consumption during exercise, changes in the internal environment of the body, and decline in cell function. The general design principle is to supplement the nutrients lost and consumed during exercise in a targeted manner , play a role in maintaining and improving athletic ability and eliminating fatigue after accelerated exercise. Currently, the basic requirements for sports drinks are:

1. Certain sugar content

Sugar is very important to the athletic body. Everyone knows that during exercise, especially long-term exercise, sugar is the most important fuel for exercise. Fatigue occurs when sugar stores in the muscles, liver, and blood are depleted and dehydrated: at low temperatures, sweating rates are low and fluid losses are small, and sugar replenishment becomes key; but in hot and humid environments sweat loss is of concern because dehydration occurs before sugar stores are depleted. In addition to preparing enough sugar reserves for exercise through sugary meals, athletes often need to supplement sugar during exercise, because the amount of sugar stored in the human body is limited.

The ratio of fluid and sugar in sports drinks: Commercial sports drinks are designed to quickly replenish the body with sugar and fluid. Its formula is usually divided into three types: hypotonic, isotonic and hypertonic. The main difference between the three is that the amount of sugar (granulated sugar and polymerized sugar) and salt (sodium and potassium) dissolved in the beverage is different, and the greater the concentration, the higher the osmotic pressure. Sports drinks with different osmotic pressures enter the blood at different speeds. Hypotonic and isotonic (that is, lower than and equal to the osmotic pressure of human blood) sports drinks are designed for sports people who are in a hot environment, exercise for a long time or sweat a lot, and pay more attention to the rapid entry of water, sugar and salt into the blood Hyperosmotic sports drinks (that is, higher than the osmotic pressure of human blood) are mainly used to provide sugar reserves, and are mostly used in the preparation period before exercise and the recovery period after exercise.

2. Appropriate amount of electrolytes

Sweating caused by exercise leads to a large loss of electrolytes such as potassium and sodium, which can cause physical fatigue and even cramps, resulting in decreased exercise capacity. The sodium and potassium in the drink not only help to replenish the sodium and potassium lost in sweat, but also help the water stay in the blood vessels, so that the body can get more water. If the electrolyte content in the beverage is too low, it will not achieve the effect of supplementation; if it is too high, it will increase the osmotic pressure of the beverage, cause gastrointestinal discomfort, and prevent the water in the beverage from being absorbed by the body as soon as possible.

3. Low osmotic pressure

The osmotic pressure range of human blood is 280-320 mosmol/L, which is equivalent to 0.9% sodium chloride solution or 5% glucose solution. In order to make the water and other nutrients in the beverage pass through the stomach as soon as possible and be fully absorbed, the osmotic pressure of the beverage should be lower than the plasma osmotic pressure, that is, a hypotonic beverage, and the type and amount of sugar and electrolytes contained in the beverage are the osmotic pressure of the beverage. direct decision maker. Nutritious sports drinks can maintain low osmotic pressure even if they contain a variety of sugars and inorganic salts.

4. No carbon dioxide, no caffeine, no alcohol

Carbon dioxide gas can cause gas and discomfort in the stomach. If you drink too much carbonated beverages too quickly, it may cause stomach cramps or even vomiting. Caffeine and alcohol have certain diuretic and dehydrating effects, which will further aggravate the loss of body fluids. In addition, the two also have a stimulating effect on the central nervous system, which is not conducive to the recovery of fatigue.

Some professionally designed sports drinks will also consider adding other additional ingredients, such as B vitamins, which can promote energy metabolism; vitamin C is used to scavenge free radicals, reduce their damage to the body, and delay the occurrence of fatigue; Sulfonic acid and inositol can promote protein synthesis, prevent protein decomposition, regulate metabolism, accelerate the elimination of fatigue and so on. The differences between sports drinks and other drinks are shown in Table 2 and Table 3:

Table 2. Comparison of sports drinks and other beverages drink type sugar type sugar content electrolyte other nutrients Osmotic pressure carbon dioxide caffeine Carbonated drinks sucrose ≥10% trace none high have no or yes mineral water none none trace none very low none none juice fruit juice or sucrose ≥10% unbalanced vitamins high none none milk drink lactose or added sucrose ≥10% unbalanced vitamins high none none tea drink sucrose ≥10% trace trace high none have energy drink Oligosaccharides, Glucose Taurine, Inositol Sucrose, Fructose 5～10% Appropriate amount V _B , V _C , Low none none

Table 3. Survey on main components of four beverages product name main ingredient unified green tea pure water White sugar green tea jasmine Vitamin C food flavor body drink pure water White sugar fructose syrup citric acid Edible spices Sodium citrate Sodium chloride Calcium L-Threonate Emulsifier potassium chloride Potassium sorbate magnesium chloride Jianlibao pure water White sugar carbon dioxide Honey citric acid carbon electrolyte sodium malate Acesulfame K moonset yellow food flavor red bull pure water White sugar taurine citric acid Lysine Inositol caffeine sodium benzoate vitamins essence citric acid Carmine

Since the sports drink has the above basic conditions, it can replenish water in time to maintain a normal balance of body fluids; quickly replenish energy and maintain blood sugar stability; Thermoregulation and cardiovascular function, etc. Therefore, the design principle of sports drinks is not only to quench thirst, but also to quench thirst!

(3) Principles and methods of using sports drinks

Heat is generated during all physical activity and is dissipated through the evaporation of sweat. There are large individual differences in the amount of sweat lost and it depends on environmental conditions, exercise intensity and distance. People who used to exercise, usually don't drink water, they think it is harmful. But we know that even small fluid losses (2 percent of body weight) can impair movement accuracy and motor skills during exercise. Fluid loss greater than 5% of body weight can affect thermoregulation and the cardiovascular system and can be life-threatening. But the more common hazard of dehydration is fatigue, which impairs exercise capacity. In order to prevent dehydration, all people who participate in exercise should drink water frequently before, during and after exercise, so as to maintain a hydrated state during the whole process of exercise (the so-called hydration means that there is an appropriate amount of water inside and outside the cells of the body and in the blood). Sports drinks can provide an effective source of sugar before breakfast, between meals, during periods of exercise and competition, and immediately after exercise, when athletes cannot eat and their energy requirements are high.

Sports drinks should also be chosen for fitness exercises. Since the ratio of various ingredients meets the actual needs of the body for exercise, it can quickly replenish the body fluids, energy and electrolytes lost due to sweating, effectively maintaining or even further improving the body's ability to perform during or after exercise. state after exercise.

Sports drinks are not a problem for normal people and people with low blood pressure, but people with high blood pressure who drink sports drinks after exercise can increase blood pressure. Because hypertensive patients must limit salt, which contains sodium that causes blood pressure to rise, sports drinks contain high sodium, and hypertensive patients will inevitably increase blood pressure even higher. And hypertensive patients drink sports drinks indiscriminately during exercise, which can easily induce stroke. Therefore, hypertensive patients should not drink more sports drinks.

Sports drinks are superior to regular soft drinks. Soft drinks are usually hypertonic and sodium deficient, which can cause them to stay in the stomach for too long, causing gastric discomfort during exercise, and also affecting their absorption in the small intestine. Many people choose plain water (mineral water is the most common now) as a fluid supplement during exercise, especially those who don't need endurance. They don't need sugar to maintain a proper state. But while water is absorbed quickly, the lack of available sugar and sodium can reduce overall capacity and stamina. Drinking plenty of water will thin the blood, increase urination, and reduce the desire for further fluids.

After determining the type of beverage, the drinking time is also very important. During strenuous exercise, the heat production in the body increases, and sweating becomes the main way to regulate body temperature. However, excessive sweating can cause dehydration, resulting in reduced blood volume, which further reduces blood flow to the skin, resulting in reduced perspiration, decreased body heat dissipation, and increased body temperature. When a person feels thirsty, the body has lost about 3% of its body weight in fluid. At this time, the physiological function and exercise capacity of the human body have declined. Therefore, many people only think of hydration when they feel thirsty, which is not true. The scientific approach is to pay attention to timely replenishment of water before, during and after exercise. However, sports drinks cannot guarantee the nutritional balance of the human body, and they cannot replace meals.

For people who engage in a lot of physical activity, especially athletes and those who practice fitness, the smartest ways to use sports drinks are:

①Drink frequently and intermittently throughout the day before, during and after exercise;

②Choose the drink you like, cold drinks are usually more delicious and easy to restore physical strength;

③The beverage you choose should meet your needs, especially remember: if there is no shortage of sugar reserves in the body, adding too much sugar to the beverage will not help;

④ Before exercising, ensure a maximum beverage intake that does not cause stomach discomfort. People mainly consume sugar in the muscles during exercise. Therefore, the content should reach a relatively high level before exercising. At this time, it is best to choose beverages containing oligosaccharides. The metabolic characteristics of oligosaccharides are: the absorption into the blood is not fast, and it does not affect exercise ability.

⑤ Start using sports drinks earlier during exercise, and don't wait until you are thirsty to drink, because the body is already dehydrated at this time.

The principle of supplementing sports drinks during exercise is: add 500 ml of liquid 2 hours before exercise, which can increase the muscle glycogen, liver glycogen reserves and blood sugar sources in the body; use small amounts and multiple times during exercise to prevent stomach discomfort. Supplement 125-250 ml of fluid in 15-20 minutes to supplement blood sugar, prolong exercise time, and delay the occurrence of fatigue; supplement fluid loss during exercise after exercise. For every 1 kg of body weight lost during exercise, 1000 ml of fluid replacement can accelerate the recovery of lost body weight. The water, sugar, inorganic salts, trace elements, etc., promote the rapid recovery of muscle glycogen and achieve the effect of eliminating fatigue.

⑥ Drinks after exercise should be beneficial to physical recovery. The focus is to add protein, amino acids and other nutrients, and to make up for all fluid loss during exercise. The degree of hydration can be judged by the color of urine, and the urine must be light.

⑦To avoid drinking alcohol, tea, coffee and other caffeinated beverages, they will produce diuretic effect and dehydration side effects. If you want to celebrate the victory of the game after the game, you must make sure you have fully rehydrated before drinking alcohol;

⑧Sports drinks do not promote success in the absence of a healthy diet. Effective training and a healthy diet and lifestyle will get the most out of the sports drinks you use.

(4) Relevant content of electrolyte

A compound that conducts electricity in a molten state or in an aqueous solution is called an electrolyte; a compound that does not conduct electricity in a molten state or in an aqueous solution is called a non-electrolyte. When the electrolyte is molten or dissolved in water, it can dissociate freely moving ions. From this perspective, electrolytes can be classified into two categories: ionic electrolytes and covalent electrolytes: ionic electrolytes themselves contain ions but cannot move freely. In the molten state or dissolved in water, it dissociates into freely moving ions; the covalent electrolyte itself has no ions, and when dissolved in water, it ionizes freely moving ions under the action of solvent molecules.

From a broader classification, electrolytes are divided into two types: strong electrolytes and weak electrolytes: any compound that is completely or almost completely ionized into free mobile ions in an aqueous solution and has no molecules is called a strong electrolyte, that is, it is composed of ionic bonds and has strong polarity. Compounds formed by chemical bonds such as covalent bonds; any compound that is partially ionized in an aqueous solution to become free-moving ions and has unionized molecules is called a weak electrolyte, that is, a compound formed by certain chemical bonds such as polar covalent bonds.

The strong electrolyte includes ionic compounds and polar compounds, such as strong acids, strong bases and most salts. Strong acids include H ₂ SO ₄ , HCL, HNO ₃ , HCLO ₄ , HI, etc. Strong bases include NaOH, KOH , Ba(OH) ₂ , etc., most of the salts include BaSO ₄ and other insoluble salts.

The weak electrolyte includes covalent compounds with polar bonds, such as weak acids, weak bases, water and a few salts. Weak acids include CH ₃ COOH, H ₂ CO ₃ , H ₂ S, HF, etc. Weak bases include NH ₃ ·H ₂ O, Al(OH) ₃ , etc., a few salts include (CH ₃ COO) ₂ Pb, etc.

(5) Research progress of sports drinks

One of the main factors for the maintenance of high-level exercise capacity and the generation of exercise-induced fatigue is the supply of sugar. In order to increase the storage of sugar in the body and improve the supply of sugar during exercise, various nutritional measures such as glycogen filling technology and sugary sports drinks have always been an important part of sports nutrition research. Oligosaccharides are a class of small molecular compounds with 3 to 8 glucose polymers. Under the condition of providing the same amount of glucose, the average osmotic pressure is only 1/4 of that of glucose. The lower osmotic pressure facilitates the rapid absorption of water to ensure water replenishment during exercise. The absorption rate of oligosaccharides is significantly faster than that of starch; it can quickly replenish energy during exercise, but it is slower than mono- and di-saccharides, avoiding the insulin response caused by a sharp rise in blood sugar after a large amount of absorption.

The Laboratory of Nutrition and Biochemistry of the Institute of Sports Medicine of Beijing Medical University has conducted a series of clinical studies on oligosaccharide sports drinks. The results of the research show that the use of oligosaccharides to supplement sugar during exercise can increase sugar intake and improve exercise energy supply. The drinking effect of a kind of oligosaccharide beverage containing 20% sugar and appropriate amount of inorganic salts has been observed in human experiment, 3 groups of objects (N=8) drink oligosaccharide beverage, sugar water, control solution respectively, intensity pedals to fatigue. The results showed that oligosaccharide beverages can maintain blood sugar at a high level, stabilize blood volume, serum insulin, blood magnesium, blood potassium and blood lactic acid, and increase exercise work and time.

Because oligosaccharides still have the advantages of low osmotic pressure and low sweetness when their sugar concentration is as high as 20%, and because oligosaccharides are mainly composed of three monosaccharides, their decomposition and absorption speed is faster than that of monosaccharides and disaccharides. Slow and thus have a unique effect on prolonging the supply of sugar during endurance exercise. Oxygen consumption is small during sugar oxidation, and energy supply efficiency is high. The glycogen level in the body can become a key factor in determining the outcome of an endurance sports competition.

The special advantages of foreign application of oligosaccharide beverages have achieved remarkable results in saving the human body's long-term muscle glycogen consumption and improving endurance. The Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences has preliminarily developed oligosaccharides mainly composed of 38 sugars through a large number of experimental studies. The sugar is used as the base material, and a small amount of compound inorganic salts are added. After debugging, the oligosaccharide sports drink is made. Better sports drinks generally choose oligosaccharides as the main choice. Maltooligosaccharides composed of 3 to 10 monosaccharides have unique features. It has low osmotic pressure, low sweetness, good taste, and low insulin response. Supplement blood sugar, so that the brain and muscles can continuously absorb sugar during exercise, and can keep the blood sugar of the human body at a high level during long-term exercise without causing blood concentration or serum insulin concentration to increase, which is conducive to prolonging endurance time, increasing strength and Work volume, delay fatigue and accelerate post-exercise recovery. The latest research results show that oligosaccharide drinks are also beneficial to reduce blood lactic acid levels during exercise and increase muscle strength and work volume. In addition, the sugar in sports drinks can also improve the taste, stimulate the intake of drinks, and increase the absorption rate of drinks. However, due to the "enzyme" used in the production of oligosaccharides in China is not qualified and other reasons, it has not been widely used so far.

In terms of sports drink formula, it is reported that American scientists have recently developed a sports drink suitable for athletes engaged in strenuous activities and laborers working under hot conditions. The beverage uses sucrose as an energy source, and calcium, magnesium and potassium ions as electrolytes, all of which are easily soluble in water. The advantage of using sucrose is that it needs to be hydrolyzed into glucose and fructose in the digestive tract before being absorbed by the body, and the energy released has a lasting effect. Potassium chloride is the most preferable potassium ion, and each liter of solution should contain 9.2 to 11.8 milligrams of equivalent potassium chloride. Calcium molecule is preferably calcium gluconate, and each liter of solution should contain 1.8 to 2.6 milliequivalents of calcium gluconate. Magnesium ions are preferably magnesium chloride, and each liter of aqueous solution should contain 0.2 to 0.7 milligram equivalents. The drink also helps prevent stomach and foot cramps and prevents weight loss, among other effects.

Driven by a wave of convenience-seeking consumption behaviors as new products are launched, energy drinks and sports drinks continued to grow rapidly among non-alcoholic beverages in 2003. Although most of the growth comes from North America and Asia, which account for 80% of the energy drink and sports drink market, the United States and Japan are still the largest markets, but energy drinks and sports drinks are rapidly gaining popularity in Eastern and Western Europe. The scale is popularized, and European countries are catching up. According to a statistical report from Canada, the energy drink and sports drink market in Western Europe was about 10.05 million liters in 2003, while the consumption in Eastern Europe was about 76 million liters; Western Europe is lower, and the growth rate may be faster. .

Although these beverages developed and sold at present can partially relieve human fatigue, due to differences in theory and practice in human fatigue research, there are no reports on products that quickly relieve and relieve fatigue and enhance endurance.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to disclose a composition for quickly relieving and relieving fatigue and enhancing endurance, as well as its preparation method and application, so as to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art.

(1) Technical conception of the present invention

1. The core point of view of the present invention is: the human body is in strenuous exercise such as fitness exercises, sports training or sports competitions, and high-temperature operations such as steel factory workers' indoor high-temperature labor, railway and road construction personnel's outdoor high-temperature labor, and military personnel's outdoor labor. Severe disturbance of electrolyte levels in the body during and after training or work at high temperatures is one of the most important causes of acute fatigue. The specific manifestations are: a large amount of lactic acid is produced in the human body, the pH value of the plasma decreases, a variety of inorganic ions and trace elements are lost or redistributed in the body, and plasma free radical ions are generated. And timely adjustment of plasma electrolyte levels and correction of disorders can quickly restore physical strength and solve acute fatigue problems.

However, the current functional drinks, especially sports drinks, generally fail to fully consider the outstanding characteristics of electrolyte disturbance in this case. This formula is based on the inventor's research results on the aerobic and anaerobic training of middle and long-distance runners and relevant literature. Targeted adjustment of post-exercise electrolyte imbalance, and appropriate addition of trace elements and/or nutrients if necessary, can achieve the good effects of rapid recovery of human physical strength, reduction of exercise fatigue, and increase of endurance.

2. The basic theoretical basis of the present invention is that timely replenishment of an appropriate amount of electrolytes is beneficial to stabilizing and regulating the body balance of athletes, etc., and is conducive to quickly eliminating fatigue and delaying the occurrence of fatigue.

According to the existing measurement data, the osmotic pressure range of the human body is 280-320 mosmol/L, the serum pH is 7.35-7.45, the serum Na concentration is 136-145mmol/L, the serum K concentration is 3.5-5.5mmol/L, and the fasting blood glucose The concentration is 3.9～6.1mmol/L. During sports or strenuous labor, the water and sweat loss rate of the human body is about 1-2L/h, and the Na, K and sugar contents in sweat are 1.08g/L, 0.036g/L, and 0.070g/L, respectively. Or fitness personnel usually drink water at a rate of 600-1000ml/h. Therefore, during or after strenuous exercise, a large amount of electrolytes in the body are lost or redistributed, and the osmotic pressure changes accordingly. If the osmotic pressure of the human body can be maintained or quickly returned to the normal range, the alkali reserve in the serum can maintain or quickly restore the pH within the normal range, and the concentrations of serum Na, serum K, and other electrolytes and trace elements can also be maintained or quickly restored. If the recovery is within the normal range, then the fatigue of the human body can be quickly relieved or relieved. In addition, trace elements such as copper, zinc, and manganese play an important role in relieving fatigue of the human body by acting on dozens of enzymes that affect the physiological functions of the human body. , more conducive to rapid relief and relief of fatigue.

Therefore, when we study the components of the composition formula, it is more important to consider the proportion of each component. The core issue is the synergistic effect between the components. Only by combining each component according to a certain ratio, can the appropriate formulation of the above requirements be achieved, and the goals of quick relief, fatigue relief and endurance enhancement can be achieved. When necessary, supplementing with appropriate nutrients in time can also increase exercise endurance while quickly relieving and relieving fatigue.

3, the document data that the present invention is based on is:

(1) Synergistic balance problem: iron absorption can be enhanced by copper, vitamin C and various B complex vitamins (affecting iron absorption, transport and synthesis of cytochrome and hemoglobin), zinc-vitamin A and copper can increase Its absorption, replenishing copper prevents the depletion of zinc in the body's stores (95% of the copper in the human body is bound to ceruloplasmin).

(2) The base reserve in the blood is mainly adjusted by the intake of bicarbonate or similar, such as:

Sodium bicarbonate: It can supplement sodium and supplement the consumed alkali reserves; supplementing a certain amount of sodium can not only supplement sodium, but also stimulate drinking, maintain water, and ensure the supply of water during exercise.

Potassium bicarbonate: It can replenish potassium and replenish the consumed alkali reserves (especially for anaerobic exercise); when athletes are deficient in potassium, the utilization of sugar is limited.

(3) The role of other common components of sports drinks

①Sugar: It is the most economical and direct main energy source for the human body. It is stored in skeletal muscle and liver as glycogen. Due to the limited sugar reserves in the body, if there is no supplement due to a large amount of consumption during exercise, the muscles will be weak and the exercise capacity will also decrease. On the other hand, since more than 90% of the brain's energy supply comes from blood sugar, a drop in blood sugar will weaken the brain's ability to regulate exercise and cause fatigue. Therefore, scientifically formulated sports drinks must contain a certain amount of sugar in order to achieve the effect of supplementing energy. Moreover, fructose is better than glucose in synthesizing liver glycogen, which is more conducive to the recovery of energy substances after exercise.

② Copper: It is an essential nutrient. Copper cannot be stored in the human body and must be replenished daily. Both copper and zinc are essential trace elements in the human body. In protection of cells and membranes from oxidative damage, maintenance of connective tissue and vascular integrity, production of skin and hair pigments, production of neurotransmitters and other hormones, and iron metabolism including heme biosynthesis and release of iron from key sites in the liver and gut , all play an important role; constitute superoxide dismutase (to deal with superoxide ion poisoning), lysyl oxidase (to maintain tissue elasticity and normal function of connective tissue), cytochrome oxidase, dopamine β-hydroxylation Enzymes and many other enzymes.

When copper is lacking, it is easy to cause leukopenia, anemia, nerve demyelination, bone decalcification, and increased fragility of large arteries. The recommended daily allowance (RDA) made by the copper balance test is about 1.5-2.0 mg.

③ Zinc: It has been found that more than 100 kinds of enzymes must have zinc, most of which are those linked to NAD ⁺ or NADP ⁺ various dehydrogenases and lactate dehydrogenase and other enzymatic activities. Zinc supplementation can affect the activity of LDH, Regulates the production and breakdown of lactic acid during intense exercise. The RAD of zinc is about 15mg for adults (serum copper/zinc is between 0.9 and 1.2). Zinc can be combined with thiols to reduce iron-induced peroxidation, reduce the generation of free radicals, inhibit lipid peroxidation in biological membranes, and stabilize the structure and function of membranes.

④ Manganese: It is a component and activator of various enzymes. It can be used as a component of arginase, pyruvate hydroxylase, etc., can activate phosphorylase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and participate in cell energy metabolism. After supplementing copper and manganese, it can enhance the body's metabolic function and delay the appearance of fatigue.

⑤ Selenium: It is an essential component of oxygen free radical scavenging enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, etc.) in the body. Cu, Zn, and Mn are also essential components of mitochondrial SOD, which can directly disproportionate oxygen free radicals.

⑥Vitamin C (V _C ): It is a good antioxidant, which can be coupled with vitamin E (VE ₎ to enhance the protective membrane lipid of _VE . In addition, _VC is a well-known anti-fatigue active substance, which can improve myocardial function and reduce oxygen debt during exercise.

⑦ Taurine: It is an essential amino acid (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) for the human body, which can accelerate the scavenging speed of free radicals in the body and has obvious anti-lipid peroxidation effect. It can reduce lipid peroxide MDA ( malondialdehyde), stabilize the biofilm, maintain the ion balance inside and outside the cell; increase the activity of GSH-Px (glutathione reductase) in the body, effectively block the occurrence of lipid peroxidation; can improve the body's aerobic metabolism Ability to improve the oxygen utilization rate of muscle cells, thereby improving the body's exercise capacity.

(4) Factors affecting the speed at which the body absorbs sports drink ingredients

①The amount of drinking; ②The speed of gastric emptying; ③The speed of absorption in the small intestine. Hypotonic beverages contain less sugar, and the concentration of soluble particles is lower than that of blood. It provides liquid quickly, empties and absorbs quickly from the stomach, but cannot provide a sufficient amount of sugar; isotonic beverages contain 5-8% sugar, and the soluble particles in them The particles are the same as blood, can be absorbed quickly, and may be the best choice to meet the needs of both liquid and sugar; the content of soluble particles in hypertonic beverages is higher than that of blood (mainly sugar), and it is used when extra energy is needed. This drink is slowly emptied from the stomach, and it needs to absorb water from the blood to dilute it before the small intestine absorbs it, which is not conducive to rapid rehydration.

(5) The role of supplementary electrolytes

The fluids present in the human body are called bodily fluids. Human is a dynamic balance individual, the body fluids in various parts are in dynamic balance, and the water and electrolytes in it are also in dynamic balance. There are inorganic substances and organic substances in body fluids, and the inorganic substances and some organic substances in the form of ions are collectively called electrolytes. After sweating during strenuous exercise, electrolytes are often lost along with the loss of water, and the electrolytes in the human body are thus out of balance; once the body's body fluids are out of balance, the body's adjustment ability and endurance will also decrease.

The body fluid, electrolyte and acid-base balance imbalance in the human body system can be adjusted and stabilized by taking an appropriate dose of electrolyte oral liquid; if you can pay attention to supplementing some electrolyte drinks, you can better prevent water loss in the body. , Electrolyte disorder, play a role in rapidly supplementing human nutrients and effectively regulating body fluid balance. However, if you simply add water, it will backfire. It will not achieve the purpose of replenishing water, and it will even lead to increased body temperature, calf muscle spasms and other "water intoxication" symptoms.

(2) Component design and formula of the composition of the present invention

The component design requirements of the composition of the present invention are: the designed formula requires the ability to maintain or restore multiple physiological and biochemical indicators of the human body within the normal range, that is, to control the osmotic pressure of the human body in the range of 280 to 320 mosmol/L, and the serum pH At 7.35~7.45, the serum Na concentration is 136~145mmol/L, the serum K concentration is 3.5~5.5mmol/L, and the blood sugar concentration is 3.9~6.1mmol/L; at the same time, the drinking speed of athletes or fitness personnel during exercise is usually 600~ The requirement of 1000ml/h, because the loss rate of human body water and sweat is about 1-2L/h during sports or strong labor, and the Na, K and sugar contents in sweat are generally 1.08g/L, 0.036g/L, and 0.070g respectively /L.

The daily exercise water intake of athletes or fitness personnel depends on the exercise intensity, usually 4-10 liters per day; and their daily water requirement per person is the sum of the basic water requirement (3.3-3.6 liters) and exercise water intake. This requirement needs to be considered when designing the formulation.

That is to say, when studying the components of the composition formulation, it is more important to consider the ratio of each component, and the core issue is the synergistic effect between the components. Only by combining each component according to a certain ratio can a suitable formula that meets the above requirements be designed and the purpose of quickly relieving and relieving fatigue be achieved. Moreover, when necessary, supplementing with appropriate nutrients in time can also increase exercise endurance while quickly relieving and relieving fatigue.

The requirements of the formula design of the composition can be beneficial to maintain or restore a number of physiological and biochemical indicators of the human body within the normal range. indicators within the normal range.

Therefore, the components of the composition of the present invention include: electrolytes, trace elements and nutrients; their weight to volume ratios are 1.0 to 3.5 g/L, 2.4 to 10.0 mg/L, 40 to 120 g/L, preferably 1.5 to 2.8 g/L L, 5.0-10.0 mg/L, 40-60 g/L, more preferably 2.0 g/L, 8.0 mg/L, 41.2 g/L.

The electrolyte includes one or more of strong electrolytes and weak electrolytes, preferably strong electrolytes;

Wherein, the strong electrolyte includes one or more of ionic compounds and polar compounds, such as strong acids, strong bases and most salts, preferably salts; the strong acids include H ₂ SO ₄ , One or more of HCL, HNO ₃ , HCLO ₄ , HI, etc., the strong base includes one or more of NaOH, KOH, etc., and the salts include carbonates or halides One or more of alkali metal salts, etc.; the carbonate includes one or more of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO ₃ ), potassium bicarbonate (KHCO ₃ ), etc., and the halide The alkali metal salts include one or more of sodium chloride (NaCL), potassium chloride (KCL), potassium iodide (KI) or calcium chloride (CaCL ₂ ) etc.; more preferably sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate and sodium chloride;

The weak electrolyte includes one or more of covalent compounds with polar bonds, such as weak acids, weak bases, water and a few salts, more preferably weak acids; the weak acids include CH ₃ COOH, H ₂ One or more of CO ₃ , H ₂ S, HF, etc., the weak base includes one or more of NH ₃ ·H ₂ O, Al(OH) _{3 ,} etc., and the salts include One or more of (CH ₃ COO) ₂ Mn, etc., more preferably H ₂ CO ₃ .

The trace elements include one or more of selenium, copper, zinc, manganese or magnesium, preferably one or more of copper, zinc or magnesium, more preferably one or more of copper or zinc; When choosing to add copper and zinc at the same time, the ratio of copper and zinc in serum (Cu/Zn) should be within the normal range (0.9-1.2).

The nutrients include one or more of carbohydrates, vitamins, amino acids or other nutrients; the carbohydrates include glucose, fructose, polysaccharides or 1,6-diphosphate One or more of fructose, etc.; the vitamins include one or more of vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C or vitamin E, etc.; the amino acids include taurine or One or more of branched-chain amino acids (including leucine, isoleucine, valine, etc.) One or more of them; preferably one or more of glucose, fructose, polysaccharide, 1,6-diphosphate fructose, vitamin C, vitamin E, taurine or ginseng, etc., more preferably glucose, fructose Or one or more of taurine, etc.

(3) the preparation method of composition of the present invention

One of the methods is: according to the formula, electrolytes, trace elements, and nutrients are dissolved in an appropriate amount of water, that is, one of the desired target products can be obtained.

The second method is: according to the conventional drug preparation method, electrolytes, trace elements, and nutrients are prepared into related dosage forms such as tablets, oral liquids or injections, and the desired purpose, that is, the second target product, can also be obtained.

(4) purposes of composition of the present invention

Since the composition of the present invention can quickly alleviate and reduce human fatigue and improve endurance, it can be used to prepare corresponding beverages or foods, such as liquid or solid sports drinks, sports foods, etc.; meanwhile, the composition is also suitable for preparing Drugs for the treatment of electrolyte disorders in the human body, especially for patients with severe electrolyte disorders. Therefore, the composition of the present invention can meet the needs of the human body during strenuous exercise, during or after strenuous physical labor, and the needs of first aid for some patients with electrolyte disorders caused by dehydration; it is especially suitable for athletes or fitness personnel Rehydration needs during or after exercise. For example, the composition can be made into tablets according to the requirements of drug preparation, which can be used by patients, and is also convenient for carrying and using by athletes far away, or by people traveling abroad, or by disaster relief team members such as fighting against floods. Disaster relief personnel, etc.; the composition is made into preparations such as injections or oral liquids according to the requirements of drug preparation, which can also be used by patients.

The strenuous exercise includes strenuous physical exercise, sports training or sports competition; the strenuous physical labor includes high-temperature work, such as the work of steel factory workers at high temperature indoors, the work of railway and road construction personnel at high temperature in the field, and the field work of military personnel. Training or operation under high temperature, labor of construction or decoration workers under high temperature in summer, high-intensity consumption of some traveling personnel such as rock climbing and mountaineering activities, some emergency rescue and disaster relief operations.

(5) advantages of the present invention

Trace elements such as copper and zinc are cofactors of dozens of important enzymes in the body. The present invention adds an appropriate amount of trace elements such as copper and zinc, which is conducive to quickly recovering the activities of dozens of important enzymes required for body movement, and is conducive to fully Mobilize the potential of the body. Current sports drinks and general beverages all strictly limit the addition of trace elements such as copper and zinc, and there is no intentional addition of copper in general beverages. The present invention is based on the relevant research results of the inventors: after the high-intensity training of athletes, the copper element is greatly lost (about 30%). L, and at the same time add zinc element according to the normal value range of the copper-zinc ratio (Cu/Zn) 0.9-1.2. The dose is based on the theoretical assumptions of the present invention, and the corresponding experimental data supporting evidence is within the safe range, and is very effective for rapid recovery of fatigue, greatly breaking through the shackles of existing theories and products, so the formulation of the composition of the present invention Adding large doses of trace elements such as copper and zinc is a major feature of the present invention.

The carbonate (including sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, etc.) in the composition formula of the present invention can quickly remove the lactic acid produced by the body after exercise, and at the same time supplement the loss of potassium and some sodium elements caused by exercise. Bicarbonate is the most buffering anion in the body fluid environment, and is the main component of the blood base reserve in the human body. Adding bicarbonate can greatly enhance the buffering capacity of the internal environment, and can remove lactic acid and H produced after exercise in the body. ⁺ and other substances that have an impact on the stability of the internal environment can maintain the blood pH within the normal range, thereby maintaining the relative stability of the internal environment of the human body.

Appropriate supplementation of nutrients such as glucose and fructose can quickly supplement the needs of muscle glycogen and also ensure the synthesis of liver glycogen. Liver and muscle are the main tissues and organs for storing liver glycogen and muscle glycogen respectively, but the physiological significance of liver glycogen and muscle glycogen are very different, that is, liver glycogen is an important source of blood sugar, and muscle glycogen is mainly for supplying Energy needs during muscle contraction, while fructose can promote the synthesis of liver glycogen, and glucose can promote the synthesis of muscle glycogen; when the body is exercising, muscle glycogen is first consumed, and glycogen is gradually consumed as the amount of exercise increases In the end, if the sugar is not supplied in time, it will lead to hypoglycemia and even shock. Therefore, supplementing glucose can directly meet the energy needs of muscle contraction during exercise, and supplementing fructose can increase the synthesis of liver glycogen, increase blood sugar reserves, and after release, it can also directly meet the energy needs of muscle contraction during exercise, thereby quickly relieving exercise When muscle fatigue.

Branched-chain amino acids (including leucine, isoleucine, valine, etc.) help to participate in protein synthesis, and are also important decomposition and energy supply substances. Adding branched-chain amino acids can help relieve fatigue and improve sports performance.

According to the results of the inventor's theoretical research on exercise and the results of practical testing, the present invention designs the formula of the composition in a targeted manner. The ingredients and content range are safe and appropriate, and the formula ratio is scientific and effective. The main difference lies in the addition of several important trace elements. components, and reasonably control the mutual ratio between the components, taking into account each other, one thing with multiple functions, and maximize the biological effect of the composition, so it can delay the occurrence of human fatigue, and can quickly relieve and reduce human fatigue, It restores physical strength, enhances endurance, is suitable for use in various industries, and has broad development and application value.

The main features of the present invention are: in the design of the components of the composition, according to the synergistic balance between the components, taking into account overall, it can quickly reduce lactic acid, and supplement lost electrolytes, important trace elements or other components, and play the best role. synergistic balance.

In short, the reasonable supplement of electrolytes and trace elements, as well as the comprehensive supply of nutrients such as complex carbohydrates, are the fundamental guarantee for the rapid adjustment of electrolyte balance; the addition of trace elements in proportion is necessary to ensure the metabolic balance of the body. The biggest advantage of the formula lies in comprehensive balance and quick adjustment.

Detailed ways

The present invention improves some design defects in the existing sports drink composition. One of the purposes is to provide a composition capable of delaying the occurrence of human fatigue, rapidly relieving and reducing fatigue, restoring physical strength and enhancing endurance. The second purpose is to provide the combination The third purpose is to provide the use of the product, so as to facilitate the application of people in scientific research, sports, disaster relief, tourism, medical treatment and the like.

When designing the formulation of the present invention, it is necessary to comprehensively consider various factors and configure it in proportion, otherwise the expected effect will not be achieved, and toxic and side effects may even occur. For example, the following potassium-containing beverage formula is: 3.5 grams of sodium chloride, 1.5 grams of potassium chloride, 2.5 grams of sodium bicarbonate, and 20 grams of glucose, dissolved in warm water before taking. This formula is acceptable if it is targeted for one-time administration of people with severe potassium deficiency (such as hypokalemia); however, if it is used as a general sports drink, it is prone to problems because its potassium content is as high as 791mg/L, which is nearly 8 times the conventional content of potassium in sports drink formulas (Headquarters, Departments of Army, Navy and Air Force. Prevention, Treatment and Control of Heat Injury. TB Med 507, Navmed P-5052-5, AFP 160 -1, 1980), this kind of formula is only suitable for medicinal use, and should not be used as a conventional drink; drinking the drink of this formula for a long time or in large quantities can easily cause potassium poisoning (as hyperkalemia), and cause harm to the human body.

The composition of the present invention can be used alone or together with many chemical substances, no matter whether these chemical substances have biological activity or have the function of treating diseases. These chemical substances include pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, food, One of natural products, chemically synthesized drugs, or human medicine; preferably one of pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or food; more preferably, pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.

Said carrier includes excipients, such as starch, water, etc.; lubricants, such as magnesium stearate, etc.; disintegrants, such as microcrystalline cellulose, etc.; fillers, such as lactose, etc.; Starch, dextrin, etc.

The composition of the present invention can be used in the preparation of products for relieving fatigue, such as sports drinks, buccal tablets, etc., and can enter the human body as food or medicine through various routes such as oral or intravenous; that is, it can be used in beverages, food, medicine, etc. Known methods in the technical field are made into various oral liquids, solid foods, pharmaceutical dosage forms, etc., such as common beverages, tablets, capsules, granules, suspensions, emulsions, solutions, syrups, injections, etc. Oral or injection (including intravenous injection, intravenous drip, intramuscular injection, subcutaneous injection), mucosal dialysis and other routes for supplementation.

For the preparation of beverages, food or pharmaceutical liquid preparations such as solutions, solutions, suspensions, emulsions, syrups, gels, ointments, injections, etc., the selected dressings include any commonly used dressings such as cyclodextrin compounds , ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, tween, ethanol, oil, etc. can be selected at a dose lower than that that produces irritation, and appropriate acid or alkali and buffer solutions such as citric acid and phosphate buffer can be added to ensure the stability of chemical substances ; In order to ensure the isotonic properties of the liquid preparation, sodium chloride, mannitol, glucose, etc. can also be selected for use, and preservatives can also be added in addition.

For the preparation of beverages, foods or pharmaceutical solid preparations such as tablets, capsules, pills, powder injections, granules, suppositories, etc., the selected dressings include cyclodextrin compounds and any commonly used solid carriers can be used.

Among the above-mentioned usage forms, beverages, tablets and pills are preferred, liquid beverages and tablets are further preferred, and liquid beverages are particularly preferred.

The product for relieving fatigue prepared from the composition of the present invention, wherein the product prepared according to the requirements of the technical field of beverage and food can be used for fatigue relief after exercise; the product prepared according to the requirements of the technical field of medicine can be used for patients The treatment or health care can be directly used for the preparation of medicines for treatment or health care alone, and can also be mixed or combined with many chemical substances to be used directly or indirectly for the preparation of medicines for treatment or health care. The chemical substances described here are the same as those described above in this section; when used for patients, the dosage of the composition of the present invention is 40-1750 mg/kg·d, and the dosage or dosage is usually based on the age of the user , weight, and physical condition or patient symptoms.

In the present invention, the required materials include the components of the composition of the present invention, the above-mentioned chemical substances, the water used in conjunction with them, etc., and food-grade or pharmaceutical-grade materials should be used according to actual conditions and needs.

The composition of the present invention can be used as a drink, especially a sports drink, no matter in liquid or solid state; it can also be used alone or in combination with other materials to make food, and of course it can also be used as a medicine in some cases.

In the present invention, the examples described below are for better illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1. A compound functional composition formula and its preparation method for quickly relieving fatigue after a large amount of exercise

(1) The formulation of this composition is designed according to the design requirements that can help maintain or restore multiple physiological and biochemical indicators of the human body within the normal range, that is, the osmotic pressure range of the human body is controlled at 280-320 mosmol/L, and the serum pH is at 280-320 mosmol/L. 7.35-7.45, the serum Na concentration is 136-145mmol/L, the serum K concentration is 3.5-5.5mmol/L, the blood sugar concentration is 3.9-6.1mmol/L; at the same time, the drinking speed of athletes or fitness personnel during exercise is usually 600-1000ml /h requirements, the specific components and contents of one of the formulations are as follows:

Chinese name Molecular formula Concentration Osmotic pressure

①Sodium bicarbonate NaHCO ₃ 1.00g/L (11.9mmol/L) 23.8mosmol/L

②Potassium chloride KCL 0.48g/L(6.5mmol/L) 13.0mosmol/L

③Sodium chloride NaCL 1.02g/L (17.5mmol/L) 35.0mosmol/L

④ Glucose C ₆ H ₁₂ O ₆ 40g/L (222.2mmol/L) 222.2mosmol/L

⑤ Copper chloride CuCl ₂ 10.5mg/L (0.078mmol/L) 0.234mosmol/L

⑥Zinc sulfate ZnSO ₄ 7H ₂ O 22.0mg/L(0.076mmol/L) 0.152mosmol/L

⑦ Branched chain amino acid 3g/L(23mmol/L) 23.0mosmol/L

The branched-chain amino acids described in this formula include one or more of leucine, isoleucine or valine and the like.

This formula can be designed to meet the existing anthropometric data range and the drinking rate of the human body during heavy exercise, that is, the osmotic pressure is about 320mosmol/L, the Na concentration is 0.675g/L (29.34mmol/L), and the K concentration is 0.25g/L (6.39mmol/L), the alkali reserve is 0.73g/L, the total sugar content is 4%, the copper content is 5mg/L, and the zinc content is 5mg/L.

(2) Preparation method: each component of the above composition is dissolved in 1000ml of drinking water to obtain a sports drink;

(3) The most important electrolyte components lost during exercise are potassium, sodium, etc. NaHCO ₃ , KCL, NaCL and other components are added to the formula, which not only ensures sufficient alkali reserves, but also takes into account the stability of potassium and sodium content, while maintaining Na ⁺ , CL ^- balance, so that the CL ^- content will not be too high;

When designing the composition of the formula, on the one hand, it uses alkali reserves, trace elements and nutritional supplements at the same time, and on the other hand, it uses an appropriate amount of copper and zinc elements, and the proportion of each component of the formula meets the design requirements.

(4) The present invention is suitable for athletes trained with a large amount of exercise, mainly to correct plasma pH and supplement sugar, potassium, sodium, copper, and zinc in time after a large amount of exercise.

Example 2, a compound functional composition formula and its preparation method for quickly relieving fatigue after field work

(1) The formulation of this composition is designed according to the design requirements that can help maintain or restore multiple physiological and biochemical indicators of the human body within the normal range, that is, the osmotic pressure range of the human body is controlled at 280-320 mosmol/L, and the serum pH is at 280-320 mosmol/L. 7.35-7.45, the serum Na concentration is 136-145mmol/L, the serum K concentration is 3.5-5.5mmol/L, the blood sugar concentration is 3.9-6.1mmol/L; at the same time, the drinking speed of athletes or fitness personnel during exercise is usually 600-1000ml /h requirements, the specific components and contents of one of the formulations are as follows:

Chinese name Molecular formula Concentration Osmotic pressure

①Sodium bicarbonate NaHCO ₃ 0.69g/L (8.2mmol/L) 16.4mosmol/L

②Potassium chloride KCL 0.47g/L(6.4mmol/L) 12.8mosmol/L

③Sodium chloride NaCL 2.0g/L(34.5mmol/L) 69.0mosmol/L

④ Glucose C ₆ H ₁₂ O ₆ 20g/L (111.1mmol/L) 111.1mosmol/L

⑤ Fructose C ₆ H ₁₂ O ₆ 20g/L (111.1mmol/L) 111.1mosmol/L

⑥ Copper chloride CuCL ₂ 2.5mg/L (0.019mmol/L) 0.057mosmol/L

⑦ Zinc sulfate ZnSO ₄ 7H ₂ O 5.28mg/L (0.018mmol/L) 0.036mosmol/L

This formula can be designed to meet the existing anthropometric data range and the drinking rate of the human body during heavy exercise, that is, the osmotic pressure is about 320mosmol/L, the Na concentration is 0.981g/L (42.65mmol/L), and the K concentration is 0.25g/L. L (6.39mmol/L), alkali reserve 0.50g/L, total sugar content 4%, copper content 1.2mg/L, zinc content 1.2mg/L.

(2) Preparation method: each component of the above composition is dissolved in 1000ml of drinking water to obtain a sports drink;

(3) The most important electrolyte components lost during exercise are potassium, sodium, etc. NaHCO ₃ , KCL, NaCL and other components are added to the formula, which not only ensures sufficient alkali reserves, but also takes into account the stability of potassium and sodium content, while maintaining Na ⁺ , CL ^- balance, so that the CL ^- content will not be too high;

When designing the composition of the formula, on the one hand, it uses alkali reserves, trace elements and nutritional supplements at the same time, and on the other hand, it uses an appropriate amount of copper and zinc elements, and the proportion of each component of the formula meets the design requirements.

(4) The present invention is suitable for people who sweat a lot, or need to correct plasma pH and supplement potassium and sodium in time after continuous high-intensity or high-temperature field work.

(5) In order to improve the effect of this formula and enhance human endurance, ginseng extract such as ginsenoside 10-50 mg/L can be added to this formula, or 100-300 mg/L ginseng decoction pieces can be directly added to the prepared sports drink ; You can also add other similar health foods or medicines, such as Codonopsis pilosula, Radix Pseudostellariae, etc.

Embodiment 3, a kind of composite functional composition and its preparation method for rapid fatigue relief after continuous training or competition

(1) The formulation of this composition is designed according to the design requirements that can help maintain or restore multiple physiological and biochemical indicators of the human body within the normal range, that is, the osmotic pressure range of the human body is controlled at 280-320 mosmol/L, and the serum pH is at 280-320 mosmol/L. 7.35-7.45, the serum Na concentration is 136-145mmol/L, the serum K concentration is 3.5-5.5mmol/L, the blood sugar concentration is 3.9-6.1mmol/L; at the same time, the drinking speed of athletes or fitness personnel during exercise is usually 600-1000ml /h requirements, the specific components and contents of one of the formulations are as follows:

Chinese name Molecular formula Concentration Osmotic pressure

①Sodium bicarbonate NaHCO ₃ 1.0g/L (11.9mmol/L) 23.8mosmol/L

②Potassium chloride KCL 0.22g/L(3.0mmol/L) 6.0mosmol/L

③Sodium chloride NaCL 0.8g/L(13.7mmol/L) 27.4mosmol/L

④ Glucose C ₆ H ₁₂ O ₆ 20g/L (111.1mmol/L) 111.1mosmol/L

⑤Fructose 1,6-diphosphate C ₆ H ₁₀ O ₆ (PO ₄ ) ₂ 40g/L(118.0mmol/L) 118.0mosmol/L

⑥ Copper chloride CuCL ₂ 8.4mg/L (0.062mmol/L) 0.19mosmol/L

⑦ Zinc sulfate ZnSO ₄ 7H ₂ O 17.6mg/L (0.061mmol/L) 0.12mosmol/L

⑧ Taurine C ₂ H ₇ O ₃ SN 1.2g/L (9.6mmol/L) 9.6mosmol/L

This formula can be designed to meet the existing anthropometric data range and the drinking rate of the human body during heavy exercise, that is, the osmotic pressure is about 290mosmol/L, the Na concentration is 0.59g/L (25.65mmol/L), and the K concentration is 0.12g/L (3.07mmol/L), the alkali reserve is 0.73g/L, the total sugar content is 4.1%, the copper content is 4mg/L, and the zinc content is 4mg/L.

(2) Preparation method: each component of the above composition is dissolved in 1000ml of drinking water to obtain a sports drink;

(3) The 1,6-diphosphate fructose in the composition formula of the present invention is a kind of fructose containing high-energy phosphate bonds, after use, not only can provide liver glycogen, but also can provide ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate, adenosine triphosphate) synthesis Phosphoric acid and energy are needed, and ATP is one of the sources of muscle energy;

Adding taurine and other essential amino acids is very necessary. Experiments have shown that supplementing taurine in an appropriate amount before and after exercise can delay fatigue and improve sports performance;

The most important electrolyte components lost during exercise are potassium, sodium, etc. NaHCO ₃ , KCL, NaCL and other ingredients are added to the formula, which not only ensures sufficient alkali reserves, but also takes into account the stability of potassium and sodium content, while maintaining Na ⁺ , CL ^- balance, so that the CL ^- content will not be too high;

When designing the composition of the formula, on the one hand, it uses alkali reserves, trace elements and nutritional supplements at the same time, and on the other hand, it uses an appropriate amount of copper and zinc elements, and the proportion of each component of the formula meets the design requirements.

(4) The present invention is suitable for athletes who train continuously or compete.

Embodiment 4, the present invention is used for the formula of the athlete's composition of general training and its preparation method and use

(1) The formulation of this composition is designed according to the design requirements that can help maintain or restore multiple physiological and biochemical indicators of the human body within the normal range, that is, the osmotic pressure range of the human body is controlled at 280-320 mosmol/L, and the serum pH is at 280-320 mosmol/L. 7.35-7.45, the serum Na concentration is 136-145mmol/L, the serum K concentration is 3.5-5.5mmol/L, the blood sugar concentration is 3.9-6.1mmol/L; at the same time, the drinking speed of athletes or fitness personnel during exercise is usually 600-1000ml /h requirements, the specific components and contents of one of the formulations are as follows:

Chinese name Molecular formula Concentration Osmotic pressure

①Sodium bicarbonate NaHCO ₃ 0.5g/L (5.95mmol/L) 11.9mosmol/L

②Potassium chloride KCL 0.22g/L(3.0mmol/L) 6.0mosmol/L

③NaCl 1.2g/L(20.5mmol/L) 41.1mosmol/L

④ Glucose C ₆ H ₁₂ O ₆ 20g/L (111.1mmol/L) 111.1mosmol/L

⑤ Fructose C ₆ H ₁₂ O ₆ 20g/L (111.1mmol/L) 111.1mosmol/L

⑥ Copper chloride CuCL ₂ 2.5mg/L (0.019mmol/L) 0.056mosmol/L

⑦ Zinc sulfate ZnSO ₄ 7H ₂ O 5.28mg/L (0.018mmol/L) 0.037mosmol/L

This formula can be designed to meet the existing anthropometric data range and the drinking rate of the human body during heavy exercise, that is, the osmotic pressure is about 280mosmol/L, the pH is 7.35, the Na concentration is 0.61g/L (26.52mmol/L), and the K concentration 0.12g/L (3.07mmol/L), alkali reserve 0.36g/L, total sugar content 4.0%, copper content 1.2mg/L, zinc content 1.2mg/L.

(2) Preparation method: each component of the above composition is dissolved in 1000ml of drinking water to obtain a sports drink;

(3) The composition formulation of the present invention, when designing the formulation components, on the one hand, use alkali reserves, trace elements and nutritional supplements simultaneously; on the other hand, use an appropriate amount of copper and zinc elements; The ratio meets the design requirements.

(4) The present invention is suitable for athletes in normal training, moderate-intensity sports or high-temperature operations.

Embodiment 5, the formula of the present invention is used for the composition that is easy to carry out and its preparation method and application

(1) The formulation of this composition is designed according to the design requirements that can help maintain or restore multiple physiological and biochemical indicators of the human body within the normal range, that is, the osmotic pressure range of the human body is controlled at 280-320 mosmol/L, and the serum pH is at 280-320 mosmol/L. 7.35-7.45, the serum Na concentration is 136-145mmol/L, the serum K concentration is 3.5-5.5mmol/L, the blood sugar concentration is 3.9-6.1mmol/L; at the same time, the drinking speed of athletes or fitness personnel during exercise is usually 600-1000ml According to the requirements of /h, the specific components and contents of a formula for preparing 1000 tablets of preparations are as follows:

①Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO ₃ ) 625g

② Potassium chloride (KCL) 330g

③Sodium chloride (NaCL) 1600g

④ Glucose (C ₆ H ₁₂ O ₆ ) 25000g

⑤ Copper chloride (CuCL ₂ ) 3.16g

⑥ Zinc sulfate (ZnSO ₄ 7H ₂ O) 6.61g

⑦ Taurine (C ₂ H ₇ O ₃ SN) 1500g

(2) Preparation method: according to the tablet preparation method in the field of medicine, the composition is made into tablets, which can be drunk according to the proportion of 1000-2000ml of water per tablet. For example, the preparation method of the tablet:

prescription:

Sodium bicarbonate 625g

Potassium chloride 330g

Sodium chloride 1600g

Glucose 25000g

Copper chloride 3.16g

Zinc sulfate 6.61g

Taurine 1500g

Starch 30g

Lactose 40g

Sodium carboxymethyl starch 5g

Starch slurry (7%) Appropriate amount

Magnesium stearate 1.25g

Manufactured into 1000 pieces

Process:

Take the prescription amount of each component of the composition, pulverize through a 100-mesh sieve, then pulverize the prescription amount of starch and lactose through a 100-mesh sieve, and mix them evenly. Add each component of the composition and sodium carboxymethyl starch into the mixed starch and lactose, and mix well. Add an appropriate amount of 7% starch slurry and mix well, granulate through a 16-mesh wire mesh, dry below 60°C, granulate, add an appropriate amount of magnesium stearate, mix evenly, analyze the content and then compress into tablets. 1000 tablets each containing 70 mg of the composition can be prepared.

The formula can also be prepared according to the injection preparation method in the medical field, and used for the medical treatment of patients.

(3) The composition formulation of the present invention, when designing the formulation components, on the one hand, use alkali reserves, trace elements and nutritional supplements simultaneously; on the other hand, use an appropriate amount of copper and zinc elements; The ratio meets the design requirements.

(4) The present invention prepares the composition into tablets, which is easy to carry, and is especially suitable for use by disaster relief team members, such as flood fighting and disaster relief personnel, or by athletes who go abroad to participate in training or competitions, or high-intensity field sports including tourism or High temperature field work, etc. The method of use is to dissolve the tablet in water according to the proportion and drink it, or drink a proper amount of water after taking the tablet orally.

(5) The dosage of the tablet prepared from the composition of the present invention is generally no more than 4 tablets per person per day.

Claims (24)

1. a compositions that is used for fatigue alleviating is characterized in that, the component of said composition comprises electrolyte, trace element and nutrient, and its w/v is respectively 1.0～3.5g/L, 2.4～10.0mg/L, 40～120g/L; And the designing requirement of component can help keeping or recover the multinomial physiological and biochemical index of human body within normal range, satisfies the common requirement at 600～1000ml/h of drinking-water in the motion simultaneously.

2. the compositions that is used for fatigue alleviating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the design of components of described compositions requires can help keeping or recover the multinomial physiological and biochemical index of human body within normal range, is to make this prescription be made into every index behind the liquid beverage within the normal range of the multinomial physiological and biochemical index of human body.

3. the compositions that is used for fatigue alleviating according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the w/v of component electrolyte, trace element and the nutrient of described compositions is respectively 1.5～2.8g/L, 5.0～10.0mg/L, 40～60g/L.

4. the compositions that is used for fatigue alleviating according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the w/v of component electrolyte, trace element and the nutrient of described compositions is respectively 2.0g/L, 8.0mg/L, 41.2g/L.

5. the compositions that is used for fatigue alleviating according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described electrolyte is to comprise in strong electrolyte or the weak electrolyte one or more.

6. the compositions that is used for fatigue alleviating according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described strong electrolyte is to comprise in ionic compound or the polar compound one or more.

7. the compositions that is used for fatigue alleviating according to claim 6 is characterized in that described strong electrolyte is a salt, is to comprise one or more of carbonate or halid alkali metal salt apoplexy due to endogenous wind.

8. the compositions that is used for fatigue alleviating according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described carbonate is to comprise in sodium bicarbonate or the potassium bicarbonate one or more, and described halid alkaline metal salt is to comprise in sodium chloride, potassium chloride, potassium iodide or the calcium chloride one or more.

9. the compositions that is used for fatigue alleviating according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described weak electrolyte is to comprise in the covalent compound of polar bond one or more.

10. the compositions that is used for fatigue alleviating according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described weak electrolyte is to comprise one or more of weak acid, weak base, water or minority salt.

11. the compositions that is used for fatigue alleviating according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described trace element is to comprise in selenium, copper, zinc, manganese or the magnesium one or more.

12. the compositions that is used for fatigue alleviating according to claim 11 is characterized in that, described trace element is to comprise in copper, zinc or the magnesium one or more, and when selecting copper, zinc simultaneously, the ratio of its copper, zinc is in range of normal value.

13. the compositions that is used for fatigue alleviating according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described nutrient is to comprise in glucide, vitamin substances, amino acids material or other nutrients one or more.

14. the compositions that is used for fatigue alleviating according to claim 13 is characterized in that, described glucide is to comprise glucose, fructose, polysaccharide or 1, one or more in the 6-fructose diphosphate; Described vitamin substances is to comprise in vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C or the vitamin E one or more; Described amino acids material is to comprise in taurine or the branched-chain amino acid one or more; Described other nutrients are to comprise in the medicine one or more of Chinese medicine tonic or conditioning.

15. the compositions that is used for fatigue alleviating according to claim 13 is characterized in that, described nutrient is to comprise glucose, fructose, polysaccharide, 1, one or more in 6-fructose diphosphate, vitamin C, vitamin E, taurine or the Radix Ginseng.

16. the compositions that is used for fatigue alleviating according to claim 3, it is characterized in that the component of described compositions comprises sodium bicarbonate 1.00g/L, potassium chloride 0.48g/L, sodium chloride 1.02g/L, glucose 40g/L, copper chloride 10.5mg/L, zinc sulfate 22.0mg/L, branched-chain amino acid 3g/L.

17. the compositions that is used for fatigue alleviating according to claim 3, it is characterized in that the component of described compositions comprises sodium bicarbonate 0.69g/L, potassium chloride 0.47g/L, sodium chloride 2.0g/L, glucose 20g/L, fructose 20g/L, copper chloride 2.5mg/L, zinc sulfate 5.28mg/L.

18. the compositions that is used for fatigue alleviating according to claim 3; it is characterized in that; the component of described compositions comprises sodium bicarbonate 1.0g/L, potassium chloride 0.22g/L, sodium chloride 0.8g/L, glucose 20g/L, 1,6-fructose diphosphate 40g/L, copper chloride 8.4mg/L, zinc sulfate 17.6mg/L, taurine 1.2g/L.

19. the compositions that is used for fatigue alleviating according to claim 3, it is characterized in that the component of described compositions comprises sodium bicarbonate 0.5g/L, potassium chloride 0.22g/L, sodium chloride 1.2g/L, glucose 20g/L, fructose 20g/L, copper chloride 2.5mg/L, zinc sulfate 5.28mg/L.

20. the compositions that is used for fatigue alleviating according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, the step of the preparation method of described said composition is: according to prescription, electrolyte, trace element, nutrient are dissolved in an amount of water, promptly get needed target product.

21. the compositions that is used for fatigue alleviating according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, the step of the preparation method of described said composition is: according to the process for preparing medicine of routine, electrolyte, trace element, nutrient are prepared into the relevant dosage form of tablet, oral liquid or injection, promptly get needed target product.

22. the application that is used for the compositions of fatigue alleviating at the preparation sports drink according to claim 1 and 2.

23. the compositions of fatigue alleviating that is used for according to claim 1 and 2 is in preparation motion Application in Food.

24. the application that is used for the compositions of fatigue alleviating at the medicine of preparation treatment electrolyte disturbance according to claim 1 and 2.