CN1625418A - Blood transfusion system - Google Patents
Blood transfusion system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1625418A CN1625418A CNA028288831A CN02828883A CN1625418A CN 1625418 A CN1625418 A CN 1625418A CN A028288831 A CNA028288831 A CN A028288831A CN 02828883 A CN02828883 A CN 02828883A CN 1625418 A CN1625418 A CN 1625418A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- blood
- valve
- transfusion system
- blood transfusion
- syringe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/02—Blood transfusion apparatus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/60—Containers for suction drainage, adapted to be used with an external suction source
- A61M1/63—Containers for suction drainage, adapted to be used with an external suction source with means for emptying the suction container, e.g. by interrupting suction
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M39/00—Tubes, tube connectors, tube couplings, valves, access sites or the like, specially adapted for medical use
- A61M39/22—Valves or arrangement of valves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
- Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a blood transfusion system having valve circuit, for transfusion of blood to a patient, said system comprising a Y-shaped connector comprising of three arms and ajunction, wherein arm 7 is connected to the patient at tisone end and to the junction at its other end, arm is connected to the junction at its one end and to a waste-blood suction syringe at its other end through a valve, an outlet is being provided in the arm between the valve 11 and the waste-blood suction syringe for dispensing the waste blood, arm is connected to the junction at its one end and to a fresh-blood supplying syringe at its other end through a valve, a fresh-blood supplying means is being connected in the arm 16(b) between the valve 14 and the fresh-blood supplying syring through valve, and syringes and are being operated synchronously.
Description
Technical field
The invention provides a kind of blood transfusion system, described blood transfusion system has the valve loop that is used for to patient's blood transfusion.
Background technology
Blood transfusion is to suffer from jaundice, the neonatal blood that is infected of some and blood diseases associated is arranged and be used for those babies that their mother has O (Rh feminine gender) blood group with blood exchange.Blood transfusion requires the circulation of the infected blood of the about 5-20ml of continuous repeat aspiration, and the same blood of measuring of input meanwhile.Blood transfusion is undertaken by disposable valve and some injection devices.Based on the instrument of this method, that is the blood transfusion controller, have some advantage, resemble the accuracy and the precision of under set rate, transfusing blood, and send various warnings so that under the abnormal situation of instrument work, attract operator's attention.
Description of drawings
In this Figure of description
Fig. 1 represents the system and the work thereof of various elements used in the prior art.
Fig. 2 represents blood transfusion system of the present invention and work thereof.
Can be with reference to present neonate blood transfusion system, this neonate blood transfusion system requires an experienced nurse or doctor to sit continuously 5-6 hour at bedside, the number of times of hold the record simultaneously blood drawing and blood transfusion.The requirement of prior art is shown in Fig. 1 of this Figure of description.4 syringe strokes of whole process need.Two stop,threeways (1) and (2) and a syringe (3) and two intravenous injections (I.V.) devices (4) and (5) are adopted in the loop.In first stroke, during the outstroke of syringe (3), extract infected blood out with syringe (3) by a pipe special (6) that is assembled on patient's umbilical vein.With piston (1) manually rotation by this way, so as syringe (3) during inner stroke, infected blood arrives the waste material bottle by IV device (4).Now, manual by this way rotary-piston (2) is so that aspirate out blood by the outstroke of syringe (3) from bottle.Then manually rotary-piston (1) and (2) the two so that by same pipeline blood being passed in the infants an of syringe (3) to inner stroke.In this process each blood transfusion and blood drawing circulation are all required 5 swivel tee pistons and 4 syringe strokes, it requires all maintaining vigilance property of the whole process of doctor.In addition, can not keep required suitable blood transfusion speed, therefore increase the disruptive chance of hemocyte owing to comprise human factors.It is a kind of pretty troublesome process, and requires to keep a suitable record blood transfusion and blood drawing circulation and blood volume.In addition, when the suction of blood and output speed changed owing to manually-operated, the disruptive chance of hemocyte was just more.Therefore, be necessary to improve present blood transfusion system.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention provides a kind of blood transfusion system with the valve loop, and the blood transfusion system in described band valve loop has overcome above-mentioned shortcoming.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of automatic blood transfusion system, wherein needs less syringe strokes number.
The present invention also has another purpose to provide a kind of automatic blood transfusion system, and this system will form minimum doctor's participation and that just is used for the function of testing instruments at any time, thereby overcome above-mentioned shortcoming.
The present invention also has another purpose to provide a kind of automatic blood transfusion system, and therefore this system can eliminate the disruptive chance of hemocyte, thereby overcome above-mentioned shortcoming by desired fixed speed blood transfusion.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of automatic blood transfusion system, and this system can have to be prepared record, send warning and show the blood volume that exchanges.
The specific embodiment
Therefore, the invention provides a kind of blood transfusion system, described blood transfusion system has the valve loop, be used for blood is flowed to a patient, said system comprises a Y-connection, described Y-connection comprises 3 arms (7,16 (a) and 16 (b)) and a joint (9), wherein arm 7 is connected to the patient at its an end place, and be connected to joint (9) at its other end place, arm 16 (a) is connected to joint (9) at its an end place, and be connected to by a valve (11) on the useless blood suction syringe (10) at its other end place, outlet is arranged between the valve (11) and useless blood suction syringe in the arm 16 (a), be used to distribute useless blood, arm (16b) is connected on the joint (9) at one end, supplies with on the syringe (13) and be connected to a blood by a valve (14) at its other end place, a blood feedway is connected between valve 14 and the blood supply syringe by a valve (15) in arm 16 (b), and each syringe (10 and 13) simultaneously operating.
In one embodiment of the invention, arm 7 is connected on the umbilical vein of an infant patients.
In another embodiment of the present invention, valve 11,14 and 15 is disposable valves.
In another embodiment of the present invention, valve 11,14 and 15 is check valves.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the useless blood that will aspirate out in patient's body is collected in the useless blood gathering-device, and described useless blood gathering-device is connected in the outlet that is arranged on the arm 16 (a).
In another embodiment of the present invention, useless blood gathering-device is connected in the outlet by a unidirectional disposable valve (12).
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, unidirectional disposable valve 12 is connected on the useless blood gathering-device by intravenous injection device (4).
In an additional embodiments of the present invention, valve 15 is connected on the blood feedway by intravenous injection device (5).
In one embodiment of the invention, valve 11,12,14 and 15 can be with manually controlling or using a kind of step motor control.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the blood in intravital useless blood of patient and the blood feedway aspirates simultaneously.
Also have among another embodiment in the present invention, simultaneously blood is pumped in patient's body and the blood pump that will give up is delivered to useless blood gathering-device.
Also have among another embodiment in the present invention, when aspirating out useless blood in patient's body, valve 11 opens with valve 12 and cuts out, and when useless blood pump being delivered to when giving up the blood gathering-device, valve 12 opens with valve 11 and cuts out.
In another embodiment of the present invention, wherein when when the blood feedway aspirates out blood, valve 15 opens with valve 14 and cuts out, and when blood being pumped in patient's body, valve 14 opens with valve 15 and cuts out.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, valve 12 and 14 simultaneously operatings.
In an other embodiment of the present invention, valve 11 and 15 simultaneously operatings.
In one embodiment of the invention, each syringe can be operated with manual operation or with an injector drive mechanism.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the said syringe driving mechanism comprises a slider (8), and described slider (8) is used for that by one rotatablely moving of motor is transformed into straight-line device (18) and is connected to a motor (17).
Also have among another embodiment in the present invention, syringe 10 and 13 can have identical capacity or variable capacity.
Also have among another embodiment in the present invention, each syringe can be changed, so that change the blood volume that is exchanged in a stroke.
In another embodiment of the present invention, used valve can be disposable, and can use Merlon compatible with medicinal liquid and silicone rubber manufacturing.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, blood transfusion can be taken out from umbilical vein by umbilical canal.
In additional embodiments of the present invention, used syringe can be that capacity is between 5-20ml.
In one embodiment of the invention, the power supply that is used for drive motors can be as power main power supply, accumulator, rechargeable battery.
An embodiment of device of the present invention is shown in Fig. 2 of this Figure of description.
Device of the present invention is shown in Fig. 2 of this Figure of description.Sketch map can be divided into three major parts.They are:
(i) disposable valve loop
(ii) syringe fixture
(iii) injector drive device
1. disposable valve loop: the loop constitutes 4 check valves, umbilical canal, 3 Y-connections, 2 syringes and somely is used for interconnective suitable conduit.Check valve is disposable type of service, and makes for reinstating with medicinal liquid one.These manufactured materialss are silicone rubber and Merlon.Do not produce static, and these can use autoclave up.All pipelines are all installed pipes by standard available I.V. and form, and form seal nipple.It is a kind of system cheaply and can be easy to produce.
2. syringe fixture: the syringe of capacity between 5-25ml need be fixed.Clamping device only need unclamp and trip bolt after syringe being put into a V-shaped groove.
3. injector drive device: it is made of motor, slider and driving mechanism.Each syringe is clamped in their piston end and is fixed in the movable slider on the tooth bar.Driving mechanism comprises the rack and pinion device.
Device operation of the present invention is as follows:
Can be with the I.V. device of commercially available any adult or department of pediatrics.The pipeline that is used for being connected with umbilical vein also can be bought.Syringe their piston end in slider (8) is inserted in the tooth bar.All disposable valves, pipeline are connected with each syringe according to the loop among the figure (2) of this Figure of description.Fresh blood container is placed on the open end of umbilical canal and the open end of I.V. device (5).Connect master switch.Motor will start and each syringe is shifted to top dead centre.Check valve 11 and 15 begins to open, and whole system begins to be full of blood.During backward stroke, valve 12 and 14 begins to open.All like this bubbles begin to eliminate.When two syringes are in their bottom dead center place, device is quit work then.Patient's umbilical vein is connected with pipeline (7).Make the switch connection main circuit.Transfusion cycle begins.
The main specifications of an embodiment of apparatus of the present invention can characterize as follows:
Specification
The amount that in a stroke, is exchanged: 5-20ml
Flow velocity: variable
Main power source: 220VAC (interchange), 50Hz.
System-FLUID TRANSPORTATION by the plurality of conduits that is easy to buy and syringe and check valve by a step motor drive.
Therefore following Example only is to be used as to illustrate to provide, and should not regard as and limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Flow velocity=20ml/min.Accurately 200ml green liquor body is packed in the bottle among (such as patient) and the bottle of accurately the red liquid of 200ml being packed into (blood).Motor speed is set at 20ml/min.Liquid is in that just in time 10 minutes internal consumptions are intact.
Major advantage of the present invention is:
1. adopt disposable valve loop.
2. each valve and pipeline can be used autoclave up, and can reinstate with medicinal liquid one.
3. the syringe strokes of cycle with lesser number.
4. it is provided for developing the basis of automatic blood transfusion device, and above-mentioned automatic blood transfusion device will have minimum doctor and add, and that just is used for the function of frequent testing instruments.
5. it is provided for developing the basis of automatic blood transfusion device, and described automatic blood transfusion device can be transfused blood under required fixed speed, has therefore eliminated the chance of hemocyte fracture.
6. it provides the basis that is used to develop the automatic blood transfusion device according to the method for being studied, the blood flow volume that said method can record, activating alarm and demonstration are exchanged.
7. according to the system of being studied, can design and make a kind of automatic blood transfusion device.It can have some radiowarning and visual alarms, so that make security of system within the possible range and prevent fault.The various characteristics that can comprise are: the LCD (liquid crystal display) of the total time that spend shows, selects flow velocity, is used for the LCD demonstration of flow velocity and warning by switch during blood transfusion and blood drawing amount and the blood transfusion, and warning is used for: the bubble of streamline, flow velocity height, operate finish, the needed high pressure of sewing, transfuse blood in the loop.Rechargeable battery and indicator thereof should be provided.If observe above-mentioned any alarm condition, system should stop immediately.
Claims (23)
1. blood transfusion system, described blood transfusion system has the valve loop, be used for blood transport in patient's body, said system comprises a Y-connection, described Y-connection comprises 3 arms [7,16 (a) and 16 (b)] and a joint (9), wherein arm (7) is connected to the patient and is connected on the joint (9) at its other end place at its an end place, arm 16 (a) is connected to joint (9) and upward and at its other end place is connected to by a valve (11) on the useless blood suction syringe (10) at its an end place, an outlet is arranged on the valve (11) in the arm 16 (a) and is used to distribute the useless blood of useless blood to aspirate between the syringe, arm 16 (b) is connected to joint (9) and upward and at its other end place is connected to by a valve (14) on the blood supply syringe (13) at its an end place, a blood feedway is supplied with between the syringe by valve (14) and blood that a valve (15) is connected in the arm 16 (b), and each syringe (10 and 13) simultaneously operating.
2. blood transfusion system as claimed in claim 1, wherein arm (7) is connected on the umbilical vein of infant patients.
3. blood transfusion system as claimed in claim 2, wherein blood transfusion can be taken out from umbilical vein by umbilical canal.
4. blood transfusion system as claimed in claim 1, wherein valve (11), (14) and (15) all are disposable valves.
5. as claim 1 or 4 described blood transfusion system, wherein valve (11), (14) and (15) all are check valves.
6. as claim 1,4 or 5 described blood transfusion system, wherein used valve can be used Merlon compatible with medicinal liquid and silicone rubber manufacturing.
7. blood transfusion system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the useless blood that will extract out in patient's body is collected in the useless blood gathering-device, and described useless blood gathering-device is connected to and is arranged in the outlet of arm (16) on (a).
8. blood transfusion system as claimed in claim 7, wherein useless blood gathering-device is connected in the outlet by a unidirectional disposable valve (12).
9. blood transfusion system as claimed in claim 8, wherein unidirectional disposable valve (12) is connected on the useless blood gathering-device by intravenous injection device (4).
10. blood transfusion system as claimed in claim 1, wherein valve (15) is connected on the blood feedway by intravenous injection device (5).
11. blood transfusion system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the operation of valve (11), (12), (14) and (15) can be with manual control or with a step motor control.
12. blood transfusion system as claimed in claim 1, the wherein useless blood of suction and carry out simultaneously in patient's body from blood feedway suction blood.
13. blood transfusion system as claimed in claim 1 wherein is pumped into blood in patient's body and the blood pump that will give up is delivered to useless blood gathering-device and carried out simultaneously.
14. blood transfusion system as claimed in claim 1, wherein when aspirating out useless blood in patient's body, valve (11) is opened and valve (12) cuts out, and delivers to when giving up the blood gathering-device when the blood pump that will give up, and valve (12) is opened and valve (11) cuts out.
15. blood transfusion system as claimed in claim 1, when when the blood feedway aspirates out blood, valve (15) is opened and valve (14) cuts out, and when blood being pumped in patient's body, valve (14) is opened and valve (15) cuts out.
16. blood transfusion system as claimed in claim 1, wherein valve (12) and (14) simultaneously operating.
17. blood transfusion system as claimed in claim 1, wherein valve (11) and (15) simultaneously operating.
18. blood transfusion system as claimed in claim 1, wherein each syringe can be operated with manual operation or with an injector drive mechanism.
19. blood transfusion system as claimed in claim 18, wherein the said syringe driving mechanism comprises a slider (8), described slider (8) is used for that by one rotatablely moving of motor is transformed into straight-line device (18) and is connected to a motor (17), and described motor (17) is by a power drives.
20. system as claimed in claim 19, the power supply that wherein is used for drive motors can be as power main power supply, accumulator, rechargeable battery.
21. blood transfusion system as claimed in claim 1, wherein syringe (10) can have identical capacity or variable capacity with (13).
22. system as claimed in claim 21, wherein used syringe has capacity between 5-20ml.
23. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein each syringe can be changed, so that change the blood volume that is exchanged in a stroke.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IB2002/001158 WO2003080153A1 (en) | 2002-03-26 | 2002-03-26 | A blood transfusion system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1625418A true CN1625418A (en) | 2005-06-08 |
| CN100473424C CN100473424C (en) | 2009-04-01 |
Family
ID=28053174
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB028288831A Expired - Fee Related CN100473424C (en) | 2002-03-26 | 2002-03-26 | Blood transfusion system |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR100884023B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100473424C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2002247926A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003080153A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103316385A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2013-09-25 | 深圳圣诺医疗设备有限公司 | Automatic synchronous exchange transfusion device |
| CN104887248A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-09-09 | 烟台康博医疗科技有限公司 | Disposable convenient blood sampling device |
| CN112535770A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-03-23 | 四川大学华西第二医院 | Arteriovenous blood exchange pipeline system and blood volume calculation method thereof |
| US11208574B2 (en) | 2016-02-26 | 2021-12-28 | Trinseo Europe Gmbh | Molded structures of polycarbonate based substrates over molded with silicone rubbers |
| WO2022239018A1 (en) * | 2021-05-09 | 2022-11-17 | Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research | Machine and accessories for performing double volume exchange transfusion in neonates |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107376054B (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2023-07-18 | 河南科技大学第一附属医院 | Blood transfusion connecting device |
| KR20240045426A (en) | 2022-09-29 | 2024-04-08 | 경희대학교 산학협력단 | Method and apparatus for determining blood transfusion |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2842124A (en) * | 1956-12-10 | 1958-07-08 | Joseph M James | Blood transfusion system |
| US3098480A (en) * | 1960-11-29 | 1963-07-23 | William D Worthington | System for fluid transfusion |
| US3411502A (en) * | 1964-05-05 | 1968-11-19 | Horizon Ind Ltd | Apparatus for exchanging body fluids |
| DE1566647A1 (en) * | 1966-05-16 | 1970-08-06 | Rainer Dipl Ing Walter | Device for performing exchange transfusions |
| US4457747A (en) * | 1980-05-30 | 1984-07-03 | Tu Ho C | Exchange transfusion machine |
| FR2707500A1 (en) * | 1989-12-07 | 1995-01-20 | Omarouayache Nour Eddine | Compact single-use device for exsanguine transfusions |
-
2002
- 2002-03-26 AU AU2002247926A patent/AU2002247926A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-03-26 CN CNB028288831A patent/CN100473424C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-03-26 KR KR1020047015464A patent/KR100884023B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-03-26 WO PCT/IB2002/001158 patent/WO2003080153A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103316385A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2013-09-25 | 深圳圣诺医疗设备有限公司 | Automatic synchronous exchange transfusion device |
| WO2014194789A1 (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2014-12-11 | 深圳圣诺医疗设备有限公司 | Automatic and synchronous replacement transfusion apparatus |
| CN103316385B (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2016-08-17 | 深圳圣诺医疗设备股份有限公司 | Automatic synchronization displacement transfusion set |
| CN104887248A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-09-09 | 烟台康博医疗科技有限公司 | Disposable convenient blood sampling device |
| US11208574B2 (en) | 2016-02-26 | 2021-12-28 | Trinseo Europe Gmbh | Molded structures of polycarbonate based substrates over molded with silicone rubbers |
| CN112535770A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-03-23 | 四川大学华西第二医院 | Arteriovenous blood exchange pipeline system and blood volume calculation method thereof |
| WO2022239018A1 (en) * | 2021-05-09 | 2022-11-17 | Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research | Machine and accessories for performing double volume exchange transfusion in neonates |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR100884023B1 (en) | 2009-02-17 |
| AU2002247926A1 (en) | 2003-10-08 |
| KR20040111452A (en) | 2004-12-31 |
| CN100473424C (en) | 2009-04-01 |
| WO2003080153A1 (en) | 2003-10-02 |
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Legal Events
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|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20090401 Termination date: 20120326 |