KR20040111452A - A blood transfusion system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention includes a Y-shaped connecting member comprising three arms (7, 16 (a) and 16 (b)) and a junction 9, wherein the arm 7 is connected to the patient at one end thereof. And the other end is connected to the junction 9, the arm 16 (a) is connected at one end to the junction 9 and through the valve 11 at the other end of the disposal of various capacities- Connected to a blood suction syringe 10, an outlet is provided to the arm 16 (a) between the valve 11 and the waste-blood suction syringe for dispensing the waste blood, and an arm 16 (b)) is connected at one end to the junction 9 and at the other end via a valve 14 to a fresh blood supply syringe 13, the fresh blood supply means via a valve 15. Connected to the arm 16 (b) between the valve 14 and the fresh blood supply syringe, the syringes 10 And 13) provide a transfusion system having a valve circuit for transfusion of blood to a patient that operates simultaneously.

Description

A blood transfusion system

Blood transfusions are used to exchange fresh blood for infected blood from newborn babies with jaundice or other blood-related diseases or mothers with O (Rh negative) blood groups. Transfusions require the infusion of about the same amount of fresh blood with the continuous inhalation of about 5-20 ml of infected blood. Blood transfusion is performed through a disposable valve and syringe arrangement. An instrument based on this process, namely a transfusion controller, will have several advantages such as the accuracy and precision of the transfusion at a predetermined rate and the initiation of various warnings that may draw the operator's attention in case of failure.

A nurse or physician may explain this with reference to the transfusion system of the newborn, which requires the patient to sit for 5-6 hours by the bed, recording the number of blood discharges and infusions. The needs of the prior art are shown in Figure 1 attached to the specification. The whole process requires four syringe strokes. The circuit uses two 3-way stop-cork (1) and (2) and one syringe (3) and two I.V. sets (4) and (5). In the first stroke, during the outward stroke, the infected blood is aspirated by the syringe 3 through a special tube 6 mounted in the patient's umbilical vein. The stopcock 1 is manually rotated so that during the inward stroke of the syringe 3 infectious blood exits the waste bottle through the IV set 4. The stopcock 2 is now manually rotated so that fresh blood is sucked out of the bottle by the outward stroke of the syringe 3. Both stopcocks 1 and 2 are then manually rotated so that the inward stroke of the syringe 3 injects fresh blood into the baby through the same tube. This process requires five revolutions of the three-neck stopcock and four strokes of the syringe for the injection and withdrawal of one cycle, and requires physician attention throughout the process. Moreover, the inclusion of human elements can lead to rupture of blood cells because the necessary infusion rate cannot be maintained. It is a very cumbersome process and it is necessary to keep a proper record of the injection and recovery cycles along with the metering. In addition, the likelihood of rupture of blood cells is higher because the rate of inhalation and infusion of fresh blood can be changed by manual manipulation. Thus, there is a need to improve conventional transfusion systems.

The present invention relates to a transfusion system having a valve circuit for transfusion to a patient.

1 shows a system of various components and their operation used in the prior art.

2 shows the transfusion system and its operation of the present invention.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a transfusion system having a valve circuit which can avoid the disadvantages of the prior art.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic transfusion system which requires fewer syringe strokes.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an automatic transfusion system that only requires checking the operation of the instrument from time to time by minimizing the intervention of the physician, which can avoid the disadvantages of the prior art.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide an automatic transfusion system capable of preventing rupture of blood cells by injecting blood at a necessary fixed rate, which can avoid the disadvantages of the prior art.

It is yet another object of the present invention to provide an automated transfusion system that is ready to record, warn and display exchange blood volume.

The present invention thus comprises a Y-shaped connecting member comprising three arms (7, 16 (a) and 16 (b)) and a junction 9, wherein the arm 7 is connected to the patient at one end. Connected to the junction 9 at the other end, arm 16 (a) at one end to the junction 9 and through the valve 11 at the other end waste-blood Connected to the suction syringe 10, an outlet is provided on the arm 16 (a) between the valve 11 and the waste-blood suction syringe for dispensing the waste blood; b)) is connected at one end to the junction 9 and at the other end via a valve 14 to a fresh blood supply syringe 13, the fresh blood supply means being connected via the valve 15. Connected to the arm 16 (b) between the valve 14 and the fresh blood supply syringe, the syringes 10 and 13 At the same time provides a blood transfusion system with a valve circuit for transfusion of blood to a patient, is operated.

In an embodiment of the invention, the cancer 7 is connected to the umbilical vein of a patient who is a baby.

In another embodiment of the invention, the valves 11, 14 and 15 are disposable valves.

In another embodiment of the invention, the valves 11, 14 and 15 are one-way valves.

In another embodiment of the invention, the waste blood aspirated from the patient is connected to waste-blood collection means connected to the outlet provided to the arm 16 (a).

In another embodiment of the invention, said waste-blood collection means is connected to said outlet via a one-way disposable valve 12.

In another embodiment of the invention, the one-way disposable valve 12 is connected to the waste-blood collection means via an intravenous set 4.

In another embodiment of the invention, the valve 15 is connected to a fresh blood supply via an intravenous set 5.

In another embodiment of the invention, the operation of the valves 11, 12, 14 and 15 is controlled manually or using a stepper motor.

In another embodiment of the invention, waste blood from the patient and fresh blood from the fresh blood supply are aspirated simultaneously.

In another embodiment of the invention, fresh blood to the patient and waste-blood to the waste-blood collection means are pumped simultaneously.

In another embodiment of the present invention, when waste-blood is drawn from the patient, valve 11 is open and valve 12 is closed and waste blood is pumped to the waste blood collection means. The valve 12 is open and the valve 11 is closed.

In another embodiment of the present invention, when fresh blood is drawn from the fresh blood supply means, the valve 15 is open and the valve 14 is closed and the fresh blood is pumped to the patient. 14 is open, and the valve 15 is closed.

In another embodiment of the invention, the valves 12 and 14 are operated simultaneously.

In another embodiment of the invention, the valves 11 and 15 are operated simultaneously.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the syringe can be operated manually or using a syringe drive mechanism.

In another embodiment of the invention, the syringe drive mechanism comprises a slider 8 connected to the motor 17 via means for converting the rotational movement of the motor into linear movement 18.

In another embodiment of the invention, the syringes 10 and 13 may have the same dose or different doses.

In another embodiment of the invention, the syringe can be replaced to vary the amount of blood exchanged in one stroke.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the valve used is a one-off, and may be made of polycarbonate and silicone rubber which may be present in the medical fluid.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the transfusion may be extracted from the umbilical vein through the umbilical cord.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the syringe used may have a dose of 5-20 ml.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the power supply used to drive the motor may be such as an electrical main source, a storage battery, a rechargeable battery.

An embodiment of the device of the present invention is shown in FIG. 2 attached to the specification. The schematic can be divided into three main parts:

(i) disposable valve circuit

(ii) syringe holding arrangement

(iii) syringe drive mechanism

1. Disposable Valve Circuit: The circuit includes four one-way valves, one umbilical tube, three Y-connectors, two syringes, and coexisting tubing for various interconnections. The one-way valve is a disposable type and is made for medical fluids. The materials of these structures are silicone rubber and polycarbonate. There is no generation of electrostatic charge and can be autoclaved. All tubing consists of a set of standard available IVs and has a leakproof connection. It is inexpensive and easy to use.

2. Syringe Arrangement: A syringe of 5-25 ml needs to be fixed. The clamping arrangement is simply a matter of placing the syringe in the V-groove and then unscrewing or tightening the screw.

3. Syringe Drive Mechanism: It consists of motor, slider, drive mechanism. The syringes are clamped to their piston ends on a movable slider mounted on the rack. The drive mechanism consists of a rack and pinion arrangement.

The operation of the device of the present invention is as follows:

Any adult or pediatric IV set available on the market can be used. A tube connecting the umbilical vein is also available. Insert the syringe into the rack with their piston end on the slider (8). As shown in FIG. 2, all disposable valves and tubing are connected to the syringe. Place fresh blood reservoirs at the open end of the umbilical tube and at the open end of the IV set 5. Turn on the main switch. The motor will start and the syringe will move towards the normal dead center. One-way valves 11 and 15 are open and all systems will be filled with fresh blood. During the return stroke, the valves 12 and 14 are open. In this way all air bubbles are removed. Then stop the device when both syringes come to their bottom dead center. The patient's umbilical vein is connected to the tube (7). Turn on the main switch. The transfusion cycle begins.

Specific embodiments of the device of the present invention will be described in detail as follows.

Volume changed in one stroke: 5-20 ml

Flow rate: changeable

Mains power 220 V AC, 50 Hz.

System-Liquid delivery through easily available tubes and one-way valves driven by syringe and stepper motors.

The following examples are provided for illustration and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

Example 1

Flow rate = 20 ml / min, the green liquid was filled exactly 200 ml into the bottle (called the patient) and the red liquid was filled exactly 200 ml into the bottle (fresh blood). The motor speed was set at 20 ml / min. The liquid was consumed after exactly 10 minutes.

Main advantages of the present invention:

1. Use disposable belt circuit.

2. Valves and tubing can be sterilized and used with medicinal liquids.

3. Rotate with fewer syringe strokes

4. Provide a basis for developing automated transfusion devices that minimize physician involvement and often only check the functioning of instruments.

5. Blood can be injected at a fixed rate as needed to provide a basis for developing automated transfusion devices that eliminate the chance of destruction of blood cells.

6. Provides a basis for developing automated transfusion devices based on developed methods that can record, alarm and indicate the amount of blood exchanged.

7. Based on the developed system, an automatic blood transfusion device can be designed and manufactured. The device may have several visual and auditory alarms to make the system as safe as possible and to prevent failure. Various features that can be inserted include the following: an LCD display showing the amount of blood injected and withdrawn and the total time elapsed during the infusion, the selection of the flow rate by a switch, an LCD display for flow rate and warning, Warning means for: Bubbles in the flow line, high flow rate, completion of operation, leakage in the circuit, high pressure necessary for injection. Rechargeable batteries and their indicators should be provided. If any of the above warning conditions are observed, the system should be stopped immediately.

Claims (22)

A Y-shaped connecting member comprising three arms (7, 16 (a) and 16 (b)) and a junction 9, wherein the arm 7 is connected to the patient at one end and the other At the end is connected to the junction 9, the arm 16 (a) is connected at one end to the junction 9 and through the one-way disposable valve 11 at the other end of the waste-blood Connected to a suction syringe 10, an outlet is provided to the arm 16 (a) between the disposable valve 11 and the waste-blood suction syringe for dispensing the waste blood, and an arm 16 (b)) is connected at one end to the junction 9 and is connected to a fresh blood supply syringe 13 of varying capacity at the other end via a one-way disposable valve 14, the fresh blood supply means being disposable The disposable valve 14 and the fresh blood ball through the valve 15 A transfusion of a set amount of blood to the patient, which is connected to the arm 16 (b) between the syringes, and the syringes 10 and 13 are connected to a slider for simultaneous operation either manually or using a driven instrument. A transfusion system having a disposable valve circuit for The transfusion system of claim 1, wherein the cancer (7) is connected to a umbilical vein in a patient who is a baby. The transfusion system of claim 2, wherein the transfusion system is made from an umbilical vein through the umbilical cord tract. 2. The transfusion system of claim 1, wherein said waste blood drawn from said patient is collected in waste-blood collection means connected to said outlet provided to a cancer (16 (a)). 5. A transfusion system according to claim 4, wherein said waste-blood collection means is connected to said outlet via a one-way disposable valve (12). 6. The transfusion system of claim 5, wherein the one-way disposable valve (12) is connected to the waste-blood collection means via an intravenous set (4). The transfusion system of claim 1, wherein said valve (15) is connected to a fresh blood supply via an intravenous set (5). 7. Transfusion system according to claim 1, wherein the actuation of the valves (11, 12 and 16) is controlled manually or using a stepper motor. The transfusion system of claim 8, wherein the valves used are made of polycarbonate and silicone rubber that are compatible with the medicinal liquid. The transfusion system of claim 1, wherein waste blood from the patient and fresh blood from the fresh blood supply are aspirated simultaneously. The transfusion system of claim 1, wherein fresh blood to said patient and waste-blood to said waste-blood collection means are pumped simultaneously. The valve (12) according to claim 1, wherein when the waste-blood is drawn from the patient, the valve (11) is open and the valve (12) is closed, and when the waste blood is pumped to the waste blood collection means, ) Is open and the valve (11) is closed. The valve (14) according to claim 1, wherein when fresh blood is drawn from the fresh blood supply means, the valve (15) is open and the valve (14) is closed, and when fresh blood is pumped to the patient, the valve (14) A transfusion system that is open and valve 15 is closed. The transfusion system of claim 8, wherein the valves (12 and 14) operate simultaneously. 10. The transfusion system of claim 8, wherein the valves (11 and 15) operate simultaneously. The transfusion system of claim 1, wherein the slide (8) is connected to a syringe drive mechanism. 17. The transfusion according to claim 16, wherein said syringe drive mechanism comprises a motor (17) driven by a power source, said motor being connected to means for converting the rotational movement of said motor into a linear movement (18). system. 17. A transfusion system according to claim 16, wherein said slide (8) is connected to means for converting the rotational movement of said motor into a linear movement (18). 18. The transfusion system of claim 17, wherein the power source used to drive the motor is an electrical main power source, a storage battery, and a rechargeable battery. The transfusion system of claim 1, wherein the syringes (10 and 13) have the same or different doses. The transfusion system of claim 20, wherein the syringe used has a dose of 5-20 ml. The transfusion system of claim 1, wherein the syringe can be replaced to change the amount of blood exchanged in one stroke.