CN1620552A - 风能装置或由多个风能装置组成的风能区 - Google Patents
风能装置或由多个风能装置组成的风能区 Download PDFInfo
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
- F03D9/255—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor
- F03D9/257—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor the wind motor being part of a wind farm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/50—Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/96—Preventing, counteracting or reducing vibration or noise
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
- F05B2270/103—Purpose of the control system to affect the output of the engine
- F05B2270/1033—Power (if explicitly mentioned)
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
- Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种风能装置或一种由多个风能装置组成的风能区。风能装置或由风能装置组成的风能区经常与一个电流电压网连接,并将所产生的电流馈电或者提供给该电网。本发明计划,独立于当前风力和由此可供使用的风能装置的有功功率,风能装置或由多个风能装置组成的风能区总是在电网中提供一个恒定的视在功率。一种风能装置和/或一个由多个风能装置组成的风能区,所述风能装置具有一个用于调节提供给电流电压网(L1,L2,L3)的功率的装置(16,18,20),其中,这样进行调节,即,使得总是馈电给电网一个恒定的视在功率。
Description
本发明涉及一种风能装置或由多个风能装置组成的风能区。
风能装置或由风能装置组成的风能区经常与一个电流电压网连接,并将所产生的电流馈电或者提供该电网。
风能装置电流馈电的特殊性在于,由于非常波动的风特性,馈电功率也对应波动。这一点与诸如原子能发电站、水力发电站、煤或天然气发电站的能量产生装置有很大的区别,在这些发电站中,虽然也有可能在很长的时间区间确定波动,但是对于相对较短的时间区间没有功率波动。因此,原子能发电站、水力发电站、天然气发电站等更多地是用于提供电网中的基本负载,而风能装置仅仅在风力稳定的区域中才可以也提供一个电流基本负载。
在所有风能装置接入到电网中的场所,其中该风能装置首先进行变化很大的功率馈电,供电公司(EVO)也经常对电网采取一个稳定或支持的措施,因为EVO方面希望在电网中不出现电流和电压波动。
本发明的目的是,避免或者至少减少上述缺点。
该技术问题是通过具有权利要求1特征的一种风能装置或由多个风能装置组成的风能区解决的。优选的扩展在从属权利要求中描述。
本发明计划,独立于当前风力和由此可供使用的风能装置的有功功率,风能装置或由多个风能装置组成的风能区总是在电网中提供一个恒定的视在功率。
该视在功率由下列公式计算出:
其中,S表示视在功率,P表示有功功率,Q表示无功功率。据此,如果由于对应的风力增加而使可供使用的有功功率增加,则无功功率的成分也对应减少。这种关系可以从附图1和2中详细地看出。
本发明的优点在于对供电电网的稳定或者支持作用。例如,如果由于风力变小造成可供使用的有功功率变少,则可以通过提供无功功率改善电网的质量。由此,又使得电压波动减少,此外还能够造成,如果电网中电压达到一个上限值,则必须减少提供给电网的电能。各无功功率的成分可以这样来设置,使其为电容或者电感。
如果存在足够的有功功率,则将该功率提供给电网,并在功率需求变化时支持电网。剩余的无功功率可以再次按公知的方式作为电感性或电容性无功功率给出。
功率梯度(dP/dt)的灵活设置使得电网的吸收能力可以与快速的功率变化相适应。在以风能为主导的电网中,也可以在计划阶段,特别是所需加强电网的措施中就考虑所述视在功率管理,以便起到降低费用的效果。
本发明使得不仅可以以优化的方式利用风能装置的风力并将其转换成电能,而且使得其中电网不但无故障地运行,且按其工作效率得到支持。因此,提高了馈入电流的或对电网质量也有积极作用的整个风能装置的总体质量水平,这一点通过按照本发明的风能装置视在功率调节变为可能。
下面对照附图所示的一种实施方式对本发明作进一步的说明。其中,
图1表示按照本发明的风能装置控制的无功功率/有功功率的时间曲线,
图2表示一个风能装置的调节装置的框图。
图1表示按照本发明的风能装置调节的无功功率/有功功率的时间曲线,其中,P表示有功功率,Q表示无功功率。
从图中可以看出,有功功率和无功功率的值相互间呈倒数关系,即在有功功率上升时无功功率下降或反之。
其中,有功功率和无功功率的平方和是常数。
图2示出一个转换按照本发明的风能装置控制的调节装置。风能装置的控制调节装置首先具有一个整流器(16),其中,在风能装置发电机产生的交流电压被整流(直流电压中间电路)。一个与整流器连接的频率转换器将起初在中间电路中相同的直流电压转换成交流电压,该交流电压作为三相交流电通过导线L1、L2和L3馈入电网。借助于作为整个调节装置部件的微机20控制频率转换器18。为此,微处理器与频率转换器18耦合。作为调节电压、相位和电流状态(由风能装置提供的电能以该状态被馈入电网)的输入参数是:视在功率S、发电机的电功率P、无功功率系数cos以及功率梯度dP/dt。根据产生的有功功率,在给定视在功率条件下按下列公式设置无功功率
如果例如要保证有功功率或无功功率不许超过一个确定的值,自然,必要时也可以改变运行方式。例如,如果接入电网的EVO如果要求总是有一个确定量的无功功率馈入电网,则必须通过相应的调节考虑这一点。为供电电网按照本发明馈入恒定的视在功率或者为该供电电网提供恒定视在功率的馈电的结果是,在有功功率波动时,将对应的与有功功率成倒数的无功功率这样来调节,使得保持一个恒定的视在功率。
为在恒定视在功率下还可以干预电网,也自然可以有目的地减少由风能装置产生的有功功率(例如通过转子叶片的节距调节),以便能够馈入一个更高的(电容性或电感性)无功功率。通过这种措施在理论上更高的可用有功功率下,也可以相应正面地影响电网。
通过根据本申请的发明,首要的目的不是类似将电压保持恒定,而是在电网运行者意义上的对电网的影响。这样,通过用一个无功功率成分来补充有功功率成分,可以将电网中的电压水平提高到一个期望值。当然,这种效果除了其它之外还取决于电网的拓扑结构。但是,当在风能装置附近需要很高的无功功率时,该无功功率不必通过电网远长距离传输,这会产生相应的损耗,而是可以通过相对接近消费者的风能装置提供。
Claims (2)
1.一种风能装置和/或一个由多个风能装置组成的风能区,所述风能装置具有一个用于调节提供给电流电压网(L1,L2,L3)的功率的装置(16,18,20),其中,这样进行调节,即,使得总是馈电给电网一个恒定的视在功率。
2.根据权利要求1所述的风能装置和/或风能区,其特征在于,所述视在功率由下列公式计算出:
其中,S是视在功率,P是有功功率,Q是无功功率。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10059018A DE10059018C2 (de) | 2000-11-28 | 2000-11-28 | Windenergieanlage bzw. Windpark bestehend aus einer Vielzahl von Windenergieanlagen |
DE10059018.7 | 2000-11-28 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1620552A true CN1620552A (zh) | 2005-05-25 |
CN100398812C CN100398812C (zh) | 2008-07-02 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CNB018196608A Expired - Fee Related CN100398812C (zh) | 2000-11-28 | 2001-11-15 | 风能装置或由多个风能装置组成的风能区 |
Country Status (20)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6906431B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1337754B1 (zh) |
JP (2) | JP2004523025A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100514495B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN100398812C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE272792T1 (zh) |
AU (2) | AU1910302A (zh) |
BR (1) | BR0115702B1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2429822C (zh) |
DE (2) | DE10059018C2 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK1337754T3 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2223964T3 (zh) |
MA (1) | MA25859A1 (zh) |
MX (1) | MXPA03004686A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO331038B1 (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ526077A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL206311B1 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT1337754E (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2002044560A1 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA200304126B (zh) |
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KR20060094106A (ko) * | 2001-04-20 | 2006-08-28 | 알로이즈 우벤 | 풍력 발전 플랜트의 운전 방법 |
DE10136974A1 (de) | 2001-04-24 | 2002-11-21 | Aloys Wobben | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Windenergieanlage |
AU2012201020B2 (en) * | 2001-04-24 | 2014-11-13 | Aloys Wobben | Method for operating a wind turbine |
DE60233421D1 (de) * | 2001-09-28 | 2009-10-01 | Vestas Wind Sys As | Verfahren und rechnersystem zur verarbeitung von betriebsdaten von windenergieanlagen |
DE10320087B4 (de) | 2003-05-05 | 2005-04-28 | Aloys Wobben | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Windparks |
DE10344392A1 (de) | 2003-09-25 | 2005-06-02 | Repower Systems Ag | Windenergieanlage mit einem Blindleistungsmodul zur Netzstützung und Verfahren dazu |
ES2694977T3 (es) * | 2004-03-05 | 2018-12-28 | Gamesa Innovation & Technology, S.L. | Sistema de regulación de potencia activa de un parque eólico |
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DE102006027465A1 (de) * | 2006-06-12 | 2007-12-13 | Woodward Seg Gmbh & Co. Kg | Strombegrenzung für eine doppeltgespeiste Asynchronmaschine |
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CN102177636B (zh) * | 2008-08-12 | 2013-10-30 | 英格蒂穆电力技术有限公司 | 用于光伏设备中的功率管理的系统和方法 |
MD4035C2 (ro) * | 2008-10-24 | 2010-11-30 | Институт Энергетики Академии Наук Молдовы | Sistem de sumare a energiei electrice a instalaţiilor eoliene |
DE102009014012B4 (de) | 2009-03-23 | 2014-02-13 | Wobben Properties Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Windenergieanlage |
JP5320311B2 (ja) * | 2010-01-18 | 2013-10-23 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 可変速発電装置及びその制御方法 |
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2000
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102159830A (zh) * | 2008-09-15 | 2011-08-17 | 西门子公司 | 风力发电场功率调节 |
CN102159830B (zh) * | 2008-09-15 | 2014-02-12 | 西门子公司 | 风力发电场功率调节 |
CN103597690A (zh) * | 2011-04-08 | 2014-02-19 | 艾思玛太阳能技术股份公司 | 优化的负载管理 |
Also Published As
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JP2004523025A (ja) | 2004-07-29 |
BR0115702A (pt) | 2003-09-09 |
US6906431B2 (en) | 2005-06-14 |
CA2429822A1 (en) | 2002-06-06 |
NZ526077A (en) | 2003-09-26 |
NO20032385L (no) | 2003-07-08 |
DE10059018C2 (de) | 2002-10-24 |
BR0115702B1 (pt) | 2014-12-02 |
PL206311B1 (pl) | 2010-07-30 |
DE10059018A1 (de) | 2002-06-06 |
JP4448114B2 (ja) | 2010-04-07 |
DK1337754T3 (da) | 2004-12-06 |
AU1910302A (en) | 2002-06-11 |
MXPA03004686A (es) | 2003-09-05 |
MA25859A1 (fr) | 2003-07-01 |
AU2002219103B2 (en) | 2004-07-08 |
KR20030062358A (ko) | 2003-07-23 |
PL363695A1 (en) | 2004-11-29 |
DE50103154D1 (de) | 2004-09-09 |
ATE272792T1 (de) | 2004-08-15 |
ES2223964T3 (es) | 2005-03-01 |
JP2006320198A (ja) | 2006-11-24 |
NO20032385D0 (no) | 2003-05-27 |
KR100514495B1 (ko) | 2005-09-14 |
US20040027095A1 (en) | 2004-02-12 |
EP1337754B1 (de) | 2004-08-04 |
CN100398812C (zh) | 2008-07-02 |
CA2429822C (en) | 2006-05-30 |
EP1337754A1 (de) | 2003-08-27 |
NO331038B1 (no) | 2011-09-19 |
PT1337754E (pt) | 2004-10-29 |
ZA200304126B (en) | 2003-09-23 |
WO2002044560A1 (de) | 2002-06-06 |
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