CN1618088A - 飞机安全摄像机系统 - Google Patents
飞机安全摄像机系统 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/18—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
- H04N7/183—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast for receiving images from a single remote source
- H04N7/185—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast for receiving images from a single remote source from a mobile camera, e.g. for remote control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D45/00—Aircraft indicators or protectors not otherwise provided for
- B64D45/0015—Devices specially adapted for the protection against criminal attack, e.g. anti-hijacking systems
- B64D45/0051—Devices specially adapted for the protection against criminal attack, e.g. anti-hijacking systems by monitoring passengers or crew on aircraft
- B64D45/0053—Devices specially adapted for the protection against criminal attack, e.g. anti-hijacking systems by monitoring passengers or crew on aircraft using visual equipment, e.g. cameras
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
- G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
- G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
- G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
- G08B13/19639—Details of the system layout
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- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
- G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
- G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
- G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
- G08B13/19639—Details of the system layout
- G08B13/19647—Systems specially adapted for intrusion detection in or around a vehicle
- G08B13/1965—Systems specially adapted for intrusion detection in or around a vehicle the vehicle being an aircraft
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/18—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
- H04N7/181—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast for receiving images from a plurality of remote sources
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Abstract
一种飞机监视系统,用于监控飞机或其它形式移动平台的驾驶舱上和飞机的乘客舱中的活动,并且实时转播图像到远程监控位置。该监视系统也允许远程监控位置方发送信号以控制位于移动平台上的摄像机的移动,并且提供用于通过系统的记录器装置以及在远程监控位置对摄像机图像的存储。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及飞机安全系统。更具体的,本发明涉及有监控飞机乘客和机组人员的能力的监视系统。
背景技术
为了监控以及记录飞机上的事件,飞机愈来愈多地配备了监视系统。飞机监视系统传统上已经限于驾驶舱录音器。然而,由于数量增加的机上干扰和驾驶舱侵入,发展不但监视驾驶舱而且监视客舱的加强的电子视频监视系统的需要已出现增长。
目前有几种视频监视设备可以用于充分记录发生在飞机驾驶舱或飞机乘客舱的事件。然而,这样的设备仅仅使用用于后来检索的电子存储设备来存储记录的事件。目前的监视设备没有实时发送机上事件到外部管理机构的能力,从而剥夺了管理机构尝试提供用于调整任何技术难点或阻止可能发生在机上的任何违法事件的反应的机会。进而,因为飞机坠毁或由于以非法方式行为的机上人员的故意破坏,由这样的设备存储的信息遭受毁坏。
因此,需要能够监视飞机驾驶舱和乘客舱的事件并且传递该事件的实时图像到远程方的飞机监视系统,以允许远程方控制摄像机的运动,并且允许远程方存储摄像机图像。有利的是,监视系统会包括多个摄像机,其不但可以单独的旋转而且可以配备允许详细地观察关注的特殊点的变焦透镜。摄像机可以有许多的形状和大小,但是客户应当有选择权来购买在顶面板或内部舱壁(bulkhead)内会允许隐藏摄像机的、如此大小的摄像机。进而,摄像机优选应当在重量上轻,以便不增加飞机的操作费用,并且应当是低光、高分辨的彩色摄像机,它会产生符合或超出由国家电视标准委员会规定的图像质量标准的图像。
发明内容
本发明通过提供一种通过提供能够监控飞机驾驶舱和乘客舱的事件并且实时转播图像给远程方的飞机监视系统来解决现有技术的不足。该监视系统还允许远程方控制摄像机运的动并且提供远程方的摄像机图像的存储。监视系统包括多个摄像机,其不但可单独旋转,而且还可具有允许详细观察关注的特殊区域的缩放特征。可以使用各种类型和大小的摄像机,但是,最好是使得允许在顶面板或内部舱壁内隐藏的大小的摄像机。优选的摄像机还是低光的、高分辨的彩色摄像机,其重量轻并且产生国家电视标准委员会质量的图像。
本发明应用的进一步的领域,通过下文提供的详述将变得清楚。应该明白,指示本发明的优选实施例时的详述和具体例子旨在用于说明的目的,并不视为限制本发明的范围。
附图说明
通过详述和附图,本发明将会变得更加完整清楚,其中:
图1是本发明的监视系统的优选实施例的简化方块图,该图阐明从安全摄像机到远程用户的电子信号形式的视频图像的传递和通过远程用户控制摄像机;
图2是装备了本发明的监视系统的飞机机身示意图;
图3是图2的飞机驾驶舱的放大图;
图4是说明隐蔽位置中的监视系统的摄像机的图2的飞机舱壁的放大图;以及
图5是说明暴露位置中的监视系统的摄像机的图2的两个飞机舱壁的放大图。
具体实施方式
本优选实施例的以下描述实际上仅仅是示例性的,并且决不意味着限制本发明、其应用或用途。
先参照图1,说明适合于与移动平台使用的系统10。系统10考虑从安全摄像机系统12通过使用卫星通信系统(SATCOM)到远程方的数据的传递。SATCOM系统包括用射频信号与基于卫星的转发器通信的SATCOM的子系统14,该转发器进而将射频信号通信到基于地面的射频接收器/发送器。虽然如所述的系统10集中于在视频监控设备的使用上,但本发明也可被装备包括音频监控设备。
摄像机系统12包括多个独立的摄像机12a1-12a8。摄像机12a产生代表由摄像机系统12捕获的视频图像的电子信号。实际上,可以预见多个摄像机12a的使用将是最优的,特别在如商用飞机的移动平台内,以便允许基本上同时观察整个机舱区域和/或驾驶舱。摄像机系统12也从远程方收到电子信号,该信号代表摄像机操作命令。命令将依赖于摄像机12a的性能改变,但可以包括用于摄像机12a旋转、摇镜头或缩放的指令,以便允许用户观察关注的特殊区域。
依据用户的偏爱,可改变使用的摄像机的类型和质量。然而,摄像机21a最好是产生图像符合或超过由国家电视标准委员会(NTSC)规定的标准的低光、高分辨和彩色的摄像机。可选择地,摄像机12a可以是当很少或没有光出现时能记录图像以照亮观察区域的红外线摄像机。摄像机12a可选择地是具有缩放特征的旋转摄像机并且可以是如针孔摄像机一样的小尺寸的,使得它们可以隐蔽在顶面板或内部舱壁内。市场上生产多种适合的监视摄像机。适合的摄像机的两个例子是由Securaplane Technologies制造的CMF-01和CMC-01。CMC-01在其是针孔摄像机时特别适合以于转换监控。
系统10进而包括视频控制单元16。视频控制单元16供电以操作摄像机12a。视频控制单元16还用作为多个摄像机12a的馈线的接线箱(junctionbox)。视频控制单元16也用于将摄像机12a的馈线连接到机上计算机服务器18。进而,当出现电流的突然尖峰时,视频控制单元16用作为切断摄像机12a的电源的浪涌电压保护器。
通过如一个或更多的同轴电缆的适合的电缆组件,在视频控制单元16和安全摄像机12a间发送电子信号。当摄像机12a具备发送收集的视频数据的能力同时也具备从远程用户接收命令的能力时,发送是两路发送。用于提供摄像机12a电源的电流发送到使用如28v双绞线的适合的电缆组件的摄像机12a。
系统10还包含服务器18。服务器18由存储设备18a和摸拟/数字转换器18b组成。安全摄像机视频发送(video transmissions)是模拟信号形式。因此,对于要通过卫星(SATCOM)子系统14电子地存储并且发送的这些信号,必须使用摸拟/数字转换器18b将其转换成数字信号。同样地,当数字命令通过SATCOM子系统14发送到摄像机12a时,必须将其转换成摸拟信号以便发送到摄像机12a。视频发送存储在使用可包含计算机硬盘驱动器或磁带驱动器的存储设备18a的服务器18上。来自安全摄像机12a的信号经由如同轴电缆的适合的电缆组件发送到服务器18。以相似的方式,来自远程用户的控制信号通过一个或更多如同轴电缆的适合的电缆发送到摄像机系统12。
系统10还包括分配盒20。分配盒20包含以太网交换机20a,其可以配有任何数量的端口,而在一优选实施例中配有11个端口。交换机20a提供监视摄像机12a和SATCOM子系统14的局域网(LAN)22间的接口。存储在服务器18上的数字视频信号从服务器18经由如RJ45电缆组件的适合的电缆组件发送到以太网交换机20a的一个端口。同样地,由远程用户给出的摄像机命令如RJ45电缆组件的适合的电缆组件从分配盒20发送到服务器18。
系统10还包括飞机LAN 22。该飞机LAN 22分配由飞机的SATCOM子系统14接收的信号,并且从飞机分配盒(distribution box)20接收信号以由SATCOM子系统14发送。通过分配盒20馈送的该数字信号使用适合的电缆组件发送到飞机LAN 22,并且最好以100或10兆字节/秒发送。同样地,通过飞机LAN 22传送的从远程用户发送的摄像机控制信号,通过适合的电缆组件传送到分配盒20,并且最好以100或10兆字节/秒传送。
飞机LAN 22还包括音频/视频解码器22a。该解码器22a用于将从摄像机12a发送的数字视频信号转换为适于由SATCOM子系统14发送的格式。以类似方式,音频/视频解码器22a解码由远程用户发送的摄像机控制信号,以便使信号为合适的格式以通过飞机LAN 22传送并且随后传送到安全摄像机12a自身。可理解,如果不希望有飞机内部的音频监控,就不需要音频解码能力。
SATCOM子系统14包括机上RF收发器14a,其使用适合的电缆组件以最好100或10兆字节/秒的速率发送和接收来自飞机LAN 22的信号。RF收发器14a向轨道卫星通信信号,并且该卫星向如例如SATCOM地面站的远程设置的SATCOM站通信信号。然后该远程设置的SATCOM站向适当的网络运营中心通信信号,在网络运营中心,信号可被通过如因特网的适当的通信媒体与网络运营中心通信的用户接收和发送。可使用适当的电子存储设备,由远程设置的SATCOM站、网络运营中心或另一远程用户存储图像。
图2显示上述安装在24总说明的飞机中的飞机安全系统10。然而,可知,采用系统10同样好地用于如地面车辆和轮船的其它形式的移动平台。飞机24由机身26、一对机翼28、一对水平稳定翼30和垂直稳定翼32组成。机身26包含驾驶舱34、乘客舱36和机尾部分38。乘客舱36可分成几个子舱,如一等舱40、商务舱42和经济舱44。
飞机24可装备安置于宽泛的多种位置中的一个或多个安全摄像机12a。安全摄像机器12a的位置和数量将取决于具体用户的偏爱和需要。然而,在本发明的优选实施例中,飞机24具有在驾驶舱34中的两个摄像机12a、一等舱40中的两个摄像机12a、商务舱42中的两个摄像机12a和经济舱44中的两个摄像机12a。摄像机12a的安排考虑飞机24内的整个驾驶舱以及整个乘客舱36的实际覆盖。
如图3所示,在申请人的发明的优选实施例中,驾驶舱34具有面向前的摄像机12a1和面向后的摄像机12a2。面向前的摄像机12a1提供飞行员和飞机显(flight display)示的视频监控。摄像机12a1不是可设置在驾驶舱34的顶中就是可设置在驾驶舱34的墙中。进而,摄像机12a1可以隐蔽或暴露的方式设置。面向后的摄像机12a2将提供飞行员以及驾驶舱34中的其它机组人员的视频监控。摄像机12a2可设置在驾驶舱34的顶中或设置在驾驶舱34的墙中。摄像机12a2同样可以隐蔽或暴露的方式设置。
一等舱40将具有尾部设置的摄像机12a3。尾部设置的摄像机12a3最好设置到舱壁46或舱42的尾部的顶中。摄像机12a3可以隐蔽或暴露的方式设置。尾部设置的摄像机12a3面向飞机24的前面以便监控驾驶舱入口门48的安全。一等舱40也具有面向前设置的摄像机12a4。图4说明面向前设置的摄像机12a4以隐蔽方式设置到舱壁49。然而,摄像机12a4也可以暴露方式设置到舱壁49,以及以隐蔽或暴露的方式设置到舱40的顶。不管如何设置摄像机12a4或以如何方式保护,最好安置摄像机12a4以便监控接近驾驶舱门48的人。
商务舱42具有尾部设置的摄像机12a5。图5说明以暴露方式设置到舱42的尾部的顶的摄像机12a5。然而,摄像机12a5也可隐蔽在舱42的尾部的顶内,以及以要么隐蔽要么暴露的方式设置到舱壁50。安置尾部设置的摄像机12a5以从尾部的视角监控商务舱42的活动。商务舱42也有面向前设置的摄像机12a6。图5说明以暴露方式设置到舱42的前面的顶的摄像机12a6。然而,摄像机12a6也可隐蔽在前面的顶内,以及以要么隐蔽要么暴露的方式设置到舱壁46。安置摄像机12a6以便从前面的视角监控商务舱44的活动。
经济舱44具有尾部设置的摄像机12a7。尾部设置的摄像机12a7最好设置到舱壁52或舱44的尾部的顶。尾部设置的摄像机12a7与以前描述的摄像机12a一样,可设置在要么暴露要么隐蔽的位置。安置尾部设置的摄像机12a7以便从尾部的视角监控经济舱44的活动。经济舱44有面向前设置的摄像机12a8。在舱44的前端设置摄像机12a8,如在舱壁50或舱44的前面的顶中,并且安置摄像机12a8以便从前面的视角监控经济舱44的活动。摄像机12a8也可设置于隐蔽或暴露的位置。
使用如同轴电缆组件的多个适合的电缆组件相互连接上述的安全摄像机12a。如在这里描述的,摄像机12a连接到视频控制单元(VCU)16。
因此,提供飞机视频监视系统10。该监视系统10允许经由卫星通信网到远程用户发送由机上摄像机得到的图像,使得用户可实时观察摄像机图像。进而,监视系统10允许远程用户灵活地(actively)控制摄像机的缩放和定向,使得观察人能集中他/她的注意在特定区域。结果,可有效地监控飞机上的事件,以便给远程当局提供机会以准备对紧急情况做出适当的反应。
本发明的说明实际上仅仅是示例性的,因此,不离开本发明的要旨的各种变化被视为在本发明的范围内。这样的变化不视为脱离本发明的精髓和范围。
Claims (11)
1.一种监视系统,适合移动平台上的使用以及适合于将所述移动平台的希望的部分的实时视频通信到远程设置的监控站,该监视系统包括:
至少一个摄像机,安置在所述移动平台上,以观察所述移动平台的希望区域,并且用于产生代表所述希望区域的视频图像的输出信号;
射频通信子系统,装载于所述移动平台的机上,用于将所述输出信号通信到所述远程设置的监控系统;以及
记录器子系统,位于移动平台的机上,用于记录所述输出信号用于以后的实时观察。
2.根据权利要求1所述的监视系统,其中包括多个摄像机,用于监控所述移动平台中的多个区域。
3.根据权利要求2所述的监视系统,还包括用于从所述摄像机到所述射频通信子系统发送所述输出信号的分配子系统。
4.根据权利要求1所述的监视系统,其中所述射频通信子系统工作于从所述远程设置的监控站接收摄像机控制命令;以及
其中所述系统还包括视频控制单元,用于接收所述摄像机控制命令以及使用所述摄像机控制命令以控制所述摄像机的操作。
5.根据权利要求1所述的监视系统,其中所述系统包括担当多个所述摄像机间的接口的视频控制单元。
6.根据权利要求1所述的监视系统,其中所述系统包括为所述摄像机提供电流和电流浪涌保护的视频控制单元。
7.根据权利要求1所述的监视系统,其中所述系统包括计算机服务器,其具备使用适当的电子存储设备存储来自所述摄像机的所述信号的能力。
8.根据权利要求1所述的监视系统,其中所述摄像机包括彩色摄像机,其具备产生符合或超过由国家电视标准委员会规定的标准的图像的能力。
9.根据权利要求1所述的监视系统,其中发送到所述摄像机的所述控制命令指示所述摄像机执行摇镜头、旋转和缩放功能的至少一个。
10.根据权利要求1所述的监视系统,其中所述视频图像存储在记录器子系统中,以响应所述输出信号。
11.一种用于发送代表移动平台的预定区域的视频图像的射频信号的方法,该方法包括:
使用安置以观察所述预定区域的至少一个摄像机;
使用射频通信系统以响应来自所述摄像机的输出信号,以产生代表由所述摄像机观察的视频图像的射频信号;以及
使用用于从所述射频子系统接收所述射频信号、以及用于发送代表控制命令的射频信号到所述摄像机以控制所述摄像机的操作的基站。
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US10/032,345 | 2001-12-21 |
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CN107074375A (zh) * | 2014-09-15 | 2017-08-18 | L-3通讯股份有限公司 | 故障安全飞机监控和追踪 |
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- 2002-10-23 WO PCT/US2002/033974 patent/WO2003058571A1/en active Application Filing
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CN103338355A (zh) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-10-02 | 广东新视野信息科技有限公司 | 一种3g航空腹舱视频监控方法 |
CN107074375A (zh) * | 2014-09-15 | 2017-08-18 | L-3通讯股份有限公司 | 故障安全飞机监控和追踪 |
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AU2002348030A1 (en) | 2003-07-24 |
EP1456824B1 (en) | 2012-12-05 |
JP2005514839A (ja) | 2005-05-19 |
WO2003058571A1 (en) | 2003-07-17 |
US20030117494A1 (en) | 2003-06-26 |
EP1456824A1 (en) | 2004-09-15 |
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