CN1610209A - Rail vehicle vibrating energy piezoelectric power generating method and system thereof - Google Patents
Rail vehicle vibrating energy piezoelectric power generating method and system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1610209A CN1610209A CNA2004100733013A CN200410073301A CN1610209A CN 1610209 A CN1610209 A CN 1610209A CN A2004100733013 A CNA2004100733013 A CN A2004100733013A CN 200410073301 A CN200410073301 A CN 200410073301A CN 1610209 A CN1610209 A CN 1610209A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/08—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for recovering energy derived from swinging, rolling, pitching or like movements, e.g. from the vibrations of a machine
Abstract
The present invention discloses piezoelectric electricity generating method and system utilizing vibration energy of track vehicle. Piezoelectric device is set in the vibration reducing system of track vehicle, so that the vibration energy is utilized to generate electricity for storage and use. The piezoelectric electricity generating system includes piezoelectric device set in the vibration reducing system of track vehicle to convert the vibration energy into electric energy; one electric converter to regulate and convert the generated electric energy for accumulation or driving load; and at least one energy accumulator or load connected together. The present invention provides new energy source for track vehicle and may produce semi-active vibration reducing and noise lowering effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method and system of the vehicle-mounted generating of rail vehicle, particularly a kind of rail vehicle vibrating energy piezoelectric power generating method and system thereof.
Background technology
The operation principle of piezoelectric power supplies is based on direct piezoelectric effect, and piezoelectric is their core work material.
Late 1960s, the portable X-ray machine power supply of the accurate medical apparatus plant joint study piezoelectricity in Shanghai Inst. of Silicate, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai successfully obtains U
Max=60kV, I
MaxThe high direct voltage of=3mA.
The Chinese invention patent CN 1202014A of Kim Dong Kuk's application, exercise question is " piezo-electric generator and a manufacture method thereof with piezoelectric element of linking vibration source ", has announced a kind of piezo-electric generator that utilizes the vehicle motor mechanical vibrational energy to produce electricity.This invention comprises the circuit of the electric energy that piezoelectric element and storage piezoelectric element produce.Each piezoelectric element has the holding components of piezoelectric membrane and piezoelectric membrane.Residual pressure is applied to holding components, so that piezoelectric element is bent upwards.The DC/AC transducer is set, and the direct current that piezoelectric element is produced converts alternating current to, and transformer and diode are set, and prevents from battery discharging.
Above-mentioned example shows that it is feasible that the direct piezoelectric effect of utilizing piezoelectric is made various types of power supplys, and it is specially adapted to the power supply of various mobile devices.The internal impedance of this power supply is a capacitive, by the conversion of piezoelectric effect, even work, also can change K under static and quasistatic condition
2.W (K is an electromechanical coupling factor to the electric energy of machine, K
2Be the ability of weighing energy converting between mechanical).There is the piezoelectric of multiple K 〉=0.7 to succeed in developing and finished industrialization at present, selects wherein piezoelectric coefficient d
33, g
33Height, the mechanical strength height, pressurization back stable performance repeatedly, the material that dielectric constant is bigger can be used as comparatively ideal generating operation material.
General thinks that the oscillatory type of rail vehicle mainly is divided into vertical motion, transverse vibration and hunting.These vibrations have very big influence to the fail safe and the stationarity of operational vehicle.China standard GB 5599-85 about the evaluation criteria of railroad car bodywork vibration acceleration is: vertical levels: a≤0.2g=200cm/s
2, transverse horizontal: a≤0.15g=150cm/s
2Evaluation criteria about the truck body vibration acceleration is: vertical levels: a≤0.7g=700cm/s
2, transverse horizontal: a≤0.5g=500cm/s
2The hunting of rail vehicle does not have concrete evaluation criteria, but concerning operating vehicle, the effect of hunting is fairly obvious.These vibrational energies are recycled, can be created very big economic worth and social value.
At present, mostly be the various vibration isolators of exploitation these vibrational energies that dissipate to the research of rail vehicle vibrating energy.The semi-active suspension control vibration absorber of having developed is exactly that horizontal (passive) vibration isolator that is installed on each bogie is changed into variable-damping shock, and what control method adopted is the control of skyhook damping device.Mentioned in volume the 1st phase " railway society " at 2004 the 26th, the variable-damping shock that adopt the Shinkansen is a kind of variable-damping shock of high-speed electromagnetic valve mode.This vibration isolator is the combination that comes throttle orifice in the control oil channel by the conversion of high-speed electromagnetic valve, changes flow path area with this, and the final adjusting that realizes damping force.
Because piezoelectric promptly is dielectric, be again elastomer, just have, inverse piezoelectric effect and general elastomeric properties, thereby electricity and mechanical property are being arranged simultaneously, its electric behavior and mechanical behavior intercouple.Utilize this electromechanical coupling characteristics of piezoelectric, the circuit that piezoelectric element and the electric elements that comprise resistive element, capacity cell, inductance element and switching device etc. are formed is in parallel, can form complete piezo-electric damping system.By different circuit forms selected and the piezoelectric element parallel connection, the combining form and the parameter size of different electric elements, can design different controlled piezo-electric damping forms, it is passive, half initiatively and the inhibition and the control of active-passive hybridization that the vibration of structural system is carried out.
As with piezoelectric element and the resistance piezo-electric damping system that forms in parallel, be to realize to the vibration damping of structure by the Joule heat dissipation energy, be called as piezoelectricity viscous damping technology.
And for example, can change the effective rigidity of piezoelectric element, utilize this principle, can develop piezo-electric damping vibration insulating system with machine power bump leveller character with piezoelectric element and the electric capacity piezo-electric damping system that forms in parallel.
And for example, disconnect and closed conversion, can realize the bigger change of equivalent stiffness by switch element with piezoelectric element and the switch element conversion hysteria that forms in parallel half active piezo-electric damping system, thus the flow direction of control vibrational energy in structural system.
The piezo-electric damping damping technology is applied in some sports articles for use.For example, the designer of U.S. K2 company embeds piezoelectric in the sled, and when sled deformed because of vibration, piezoelectric also deformed thereupon, and vibrational energy is converted into electric energy; And use resistance and the piezoelectric piezo-electric damping system that forms in parallel, the form of these energy with Joule heat dissipated.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, propose a kind of method and system of rail vehicle vibrating energy piezoelectric power generating, piezoelectric generating device is placed the railway vehicle vibration damping system, utilize vibrational energy to produce electric energy, and stored and utilize.The method and system of the rail vehicle vibrating energy piezoelectric power generating that the present invention proposes are a kind of new-generation method and system of collecting dissipation energy, for rail vehicle provides new energy source, have remarkable economical and are worth and social value.
Another object of the present invention is to, in utilizing the process of vibrating energy piezoelectric power generating, adopt suitable control method, make native system play the effect of half active damping.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical measures:
A kind of method of utilizing rail vehicle vibrating energy piezoelectric power generating changes into electric energy with the vibrational energy of rail vehicle and is stored or utilize; It is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
A. add at least one piezo-electric device in the railway vehicle vibration damping system, be used to receive the vibrational energy of rail vehicle suspension, the piezoelectric in this piezo-electric device is as working media, and utilizes direct piezoelectric effect that vibrational energy is changed into electric energy;
B. the electric energy that piezo-electric device is produced is delivered in the power-converting device, by this power-converting device electric energy is adjusted and conversion;
C. the electric energy after power-converting device adjustment and the conversion is by energy storage device or finally receive with electric loading, and electric energy is stored or utilized.
Other characteristics of method of the present invention are, described power-converting device comprises control module and power model, sends instruction by control module, and power model receives also execution command, and generation, storage and the utilization of electric energy are controlled.
When the electric energy after described power-converting device adjustment and the conversion was received by energy storage device, power-converting device was controlled the charging voltage and the electric current of energy storage device.
Electric energy after described power-converting device adjustment and the conversion is when finally receiving with electric loading, and power-converting device is controlled final supply power voltage and electric current with electric loading.
Described power-converting device may further comprise the steps the adjustment and the conversion of electric energy:
1) switching process, the alternating current that piezoelectric is produced becomes direct current;
2) DC/DC conversion process, the direct current that step 1) is produced carries out the voltage and current conversion.
Contain in the described power-converting device with the controller is the control core module, and the transducer of installation and measuring body movement, carry out control strategy by controller, when utilizing the rail vehicle vibrating energy generating, half active damping and noise reduction control are carried out in vibration to rail vehicle, realize significant control effect.
Realize the vibrating energy piezoelectric power generating system of the rail vehicle of said method, it is characterized in that this system comprises:
At least one places the piezo-electric device of railway vehicle vibration damping system, and this piezo-electric device is connected with the spring of railway vehicle vibration damping system, is used for vibrational energy is converted to electric energy;
A power-converting device is made up of power model and control module, and power model is used to adjust and change the electric energy that piezo-electric device produces, and electric energy is used for energy storage device or finally uses electric loading; Control module is controlled by the power component to power model, makes vibrational energy change into electric energy, and for energy storage device storage or finally utilize with electric loading;
An energy storage device or finally use electric loading is used for storage and utilizes the adjusted electric energy of power-converting device;
Above-mentioned piezo-electric device is connected with power-converting device, and power-converting device is respectively with energy storage device or finally link to each other with electric loading.
Other characteristics of said system are that described piezo-electric device comprises piston rod, inner carrier, hydraulic cylinder and piezoelectric element; Piston rod and hydraulic cylinder directly are subjected to the effect of rail vehicle vibration, produce relative motion, and piston rod passes to inner carrier by fluid with pressure, is placing piezoelectric element between inner carrier and the cylinder bottom.
Described piezoelectric element can be made up of monolithic or multi-layer piezoelectric thin slice, comprises lamination type piezoelectric pile structure.
Described piezoelectric element is piezoelectric ceramic or ferroelectricity piezoelectric or composite piezoelectric material.
Described piezo-electric device can be installed in car body and bogie, bogie and wheel between, in order to absorb laterally and the vertical motion energy, also can be installed between the two joint car bodies, in order to absorb the transverse vibration energy of rail vehicle because of the serpentine locomotion generation;
The power model of described power-converting device comprises full-bridge rectification device and DC/DC converter, and electric energy output end of full-bridge rectification device and piezoelectric element links to each other, and is used for converting the alternating current that piezoelectric element produces to direct current; The DC/DC converter is connected with the full-bridge rectification device, is used to adjust the voltage and current of arteries and veins full-bridge rectification device output; Device for power switching is used for carrying out the instruction that control signal is passed in the DC/DC converter.
The control module of described power-converting device comprises: transducer, filter circuit, controller and photoelectric isolating circuit; Transducer places on the power model of piezo-electric device, power-converting device, is used to obtain the required signal of microprocessor; Controller links to each other with transducer by filter circuit, obtains the signal that transducer obtains, and the output control signal; Control signal is delivered to the control end of the device for power switching of power model through photoelectric isolating circuit.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
1) provides new energy source, the rail vehicle vibrating energy that in the past was not used has been used, had remarkable economical and be worth and social value.
2) because piezo-electric generating is a kind of medium generation mode, and adopt common generator mode to generate electricity to compare, have simple in structurely, response is fast, is particularly suitable for alternation power drive mode.
3), be convenient to install and existing vibration insulating system is transformed because piezoelectric has very high energy density, so the piezo-electric device volume is little, in light weight;
4) in the middle of the rail vehicle high-speed cruising, when the normal electricity supply was broken down, this device can be used as the operating decentralized power s of a kind of rail vehicle and provides reliable supply of electric power for railway operation;
5) in utilizing the process of vibrating energy piezoelectric power generating, adopt suitable control method, can make native system play the effect of half active damping simultaneously in generating.Different with the Shinkansen damping technology of introducing in technical background, the present invention realizes vibration control by the hydraulic damping power that changes vibration isolator, but realizes that as the piezo-electric damping that is subjected to effective load regulation half active vibration controls with piezoelectric element.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a rail vehicle structure longitudinal profile sketch;
Fig. 2 is that rail vehicle two joint car bodies connect sketch;
Fig. 3 is a system construction drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of piezo-electric device among the embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the circuit theory diagrams of power model in the power-converting device among the embodiment;
Fig. 6 is the control principle figure of power-converting device among the embodiment.
Fig. 7 is the circuit theory diagrams of power model in the power-converting device among second embodiment;
Below in conjunction with the embodiment that accompanying drawing and inventor provide, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1～6, according to technical scheme of the present invention, the technology path of first embodiment is: in vehicle pivoted frame 12 and car body 11, pivoted frame 12 and the wheel horizontal and vertical spring-damp system to 13, between the car body 11 piezo-electric device is installed all, and is all connected with spring.As shown in Figure 1, 2, all need to install piezo-electric device in the 1-10 of position, the form of installation as shown in Figure 3.Piezo-electric device is installed is in order to reclaim rail vehicle transversal and vertical vibrational energy, piezo-electric device to be installed in position shown in Figure 2 in position shown in Figure 1 is in order to reclaim the energy of the transverse vibration that the rail vehicle serpentine locomotion caused.Fig. 4 has provided the structure of piezo-electric device among the embodiment.Voltage and an energy storage formula according to the generation of the piezoelectric under the action of compressive stress:
U＝Q/C (1)
The ability that can see a pressurized energy storage is with square being directly proportional of the voltage behind the piezoelectric pressurized, and produces the formula of voltage according to piezoelectric:
The voltage that piezoelectric is produced by stress is directly proportional with its suffered power F.In order to improve the piezoelectricity transfer capability, and make piezoelectric element keep suitable physical dimension and stress, adopt piezo-electric device as shown in Figure 4.This device is made up of outer piston 44, inner carrier 42, hydraulic cylinder 43 and piezoelectric pile 41.Outer piston 44 and hydraulic cylinder 43 are subjected to the direct effect of rail vehicle vibration, and outer piston 44 moves the generation pressure change relative to hydraulic cylinder 43, has passed to inner carrier 42 by fluid pressure.Because there are an area ratio in outer piston 44 and inner carrier, power has been exaggerated a proportionality coefficient.Placing piezoelectric pile 41 on the inner carrier 42, the vibration force that is exaggerated has passed to piezoelectric pile 41, produces a strain on piezoelectric pile 41.According to the direct piezoelectric effect principle, piezoelectric material surface can produce electric charge, thereby forms the electromotive force in the formula (1).By formula (3), this voltage is directly proportional with the thickness t of piezoelectric.In order to reduce this voltage, the lamination type piezoelectric pile that adopts the multi-layer piezoelectric thin slice to make.This design can guarantee both can provide the operation material of enough volumes, and the voltage that piezoelectric is produced is unlikely to too high, is convenient to power-converting device electric energy is changed and reclaimed.Piezoelectric pile 41 adopts piezoceramic material PZT, according to the difference of selected materials model, and its electromechanical coupling factor K
33Be 0.7～0.92, have higher electromechanical conversion efficiency.For the residing operating mode of rail vehicle, adopt above-mentioned piezo-electric device, the energy density of piezoelectric is easier to reach more than the 0.6kW/kg.
Piezoelectric pile 41 also can be replaced by the one chip piezoelectric element; When overtension that piezoelectric element produces, should earlier the electric energy that is produced be handled through transformer and reduce voltage, be connected with power-converting device again.
Power-converting device may further comprise the steps the adjustment and the conversion of electric energy:
Switching process, the alternating current that piezoelectric is produced becomes direct current;
The DC/DC conversion process, the direct current that switching process is produced carries out the voltage and current conversion.
The transformation process when overtension that piezoelectric produces, is carried out step-down earlier and is handled before switching process, reduce the voltage to the tolerant voltage range of rectifier cell.
Power-converting device comprises power model and control module.
Fig. 5 has provided the circuit theory diagrams of the power model of power-converting device among first embodiment.This circuit is made up of rectifier and DC/DC converter two large divisions.Rectifier adopts the rectification of full-bridge mode, by 4 diode D
1, D
2, D
3And D
4Constitute.The DC/DC converter is by inductance L
1And L
2, filter capacitor C, device for power switching K
1And sustained diode
5Form, realize pressing the reduction voltage circuit of chopping way work.Device for power switching K
1Adopt IGBT IPM Intelligent Power Module, module contains essential driving of IGBT and protective circuit.
Fig. 6 has provided the control principle figure of power-converting device among first embodiment, and control module is made up of current sensor, voltage sensor, filter circuit, microprocessor and photoelectric isolating circuit.
The power model of power-converting device comprises full-bridge rectification device and DC/DC converter.Electric energy output end of full-bridge rectification device and piezoelectric element links to each other, and is used for converting the alternating current that piezoelectric element produces to direct current; The DC/DC converter is connected with the full-bridge rectification device, is used to adjust the voltage and current of arteries and veins full-bridge rectification device output; Device for power switching is used for carrying out the instruction that control signal is passed in the DC/DC converter.Microprocessor adopts TI Company DSP chip TMS320LF2407.Voltage sensor adopts the current mode voltage sensor, and current sensor adopts the current mode current sensor.The current/voltage transducer is used for gathering the voltage and current signal of DC/DC converter output terminal, handles through filter circuit, and the A/D port of delivering to DSP carries out data acquisition, and collection result is after DSP handles, with the form output control signal of PWM.Pwm signal is delivered to the control end of Intelligent Power Module IPM via photoelectric isolating circuit, to power tube K
1On off state control.Signals collecting and control frequency are 1～2kHz; The PWM modulation frequency range is 10kHz～20kHz.Filter adopts the filter circuit of typically being built by operational amplifier, photoelectricity every
Realize by photoelectrical coupler from circuit.The required various level of control module are provided through common DC/DC Switching Power Supply by Vehicular accumulator cell.
In first embodiment, power-converting device charges to energy storage device, and energy storage device is a lead acid accumulator.
Concrete operation principle of the present invention is:
In the rail vehicle running, since the effect of vibration, the stress that piezo-electric device is constantly changed.The amplification of hydraulic cylinder in piezo-electric device, several tons stress are loaded on the piezoelectric element in the piezo-electric device, have produced electric charge and voltage at the two poles of the earth of piezoelectric element, and according to design, voltage is limited at below the 500V.When the absolute value of voltage was higher than the capacitor C voltage on rectifier right side, piezoelectric element charged to capacitor C; Otherwise piezoelectric element is open circuit.In power-converting device, control module is carried out the adjusting to the pwm signal duty ratio by the sampled value to sensor signal.When the duty ratio increase, the power tube ON time increases, and promptly the charging interval increases, the end points drops of capacitor C, and piezoelectric element reduces to the conducting voltage of capacitor C charging; When duty ratio reduces, the power tube ON time reduces, and promptly the charging interval reduces, and the end points of capacitor C presses liter, and piezoelectric element raises to the conducting voltage of capacitor C charging.By the PI control algolithm, can allow the charging voltage at battery two ends maintain a certain set point, and this set point can be set by test or adaptive algorithm.The principle of setting this value is to make more vibrational energy be converted into electric energy.Inductance L
1Main effect be charging current when relaxing piezoelectric element capacitor C being charged; Inductance L
2And D
5Can be at power tube K
1During disconnection and storage battery constitute continuous current circuit, continue to battery charge.By the monitoring that transducer carries out charge in batteries voltage and charging current, when storage battery was full of, controller stopped storage battery being charged.
Provide second embodiment below, when realizing the vibrational energy generating, also half ACTIVE CONTROL is carried out in the vibration of car body in order to illustrative system.Present embodiment is that the difference with top embodiment is, the power model of power-converting device adopts schematic diagram shown in Figure 7, the piezoelectric transducer of installation and measuring body movement speed on the hydraulic cylinder body 3 of contiguous piezoelectric pile 41 has adopted the control strategy of implementing half active damping in generating simultaneously simultaneously in piezo-electric device.
Fig. 7 has provided the circuit theory diagrams of power-converting device among second embodiment.The difference of it and Fig. 5 has been to increase an IGBT IPM Intelligent Power Module K who is subjected to dsp chip control
2, it is placed between the positive pole of the positive output end of full bridge rectifier and capacitor C.
The operation principle of following analysis circuit.The control system of circuit is judged the movement velocity of vehicle body according to speed sensor signal.When speed for upwards the time, controller provides control signal, makes power device K
1Disconnect K
2Conducting, and when the absolute value of voltage of piezoelectric element generation also is higher than the voltage at capacitor C two ends, the rectifier conducting, the equivalent stiffness of piezoelectric element reduces, and slows down moving upward of vehicle body; When speed when being downward, controller provides control signal, makes power device K
2Disconnect, the equivalent stiffness of piezoelectric element increases, and suppresses moving downward of vehicle body, and the deformation energy of piezoelectric element is by mechanical stiffness and piezoelectric capacitance storage, K simultaneously
1By the control of PWM ripple, by certain duty ratio, capacitor C is charged to storage battery.By to K
1The adjusting of duty ratio can make storage battery obtain rational charging voltage and charging interval.From top argumentation as can be seen, electric capacity charging process and battery charging process hocket in time, and the electric capacity charging process is corresponding to the car body process that moves upward, and battery charging process moves downward process corresponding to car body.Simultaneously, because the voltage that piezoelectric element produces is higher than the voltage of storage battery far away, so the dead band of whole system is very little, the system of assurance has higher generating and damping efficiency.
Though discussed and be used for the rail vehicle vibrating energy piezoelectric power generating system with reference to embodiment, but should understand, the configuration of the structure detail of rail vehicle vibrating energy piezoelectric power generating system and each parts and element is not limited to situation described in the embodiment, thereby under the principle that does not deviate from know-why of the present invention, can make various changes and distortion.
Power model as power-converting device comprises rectifying device, DC/DC converter and relevant interface circuit and necessary potential device.
Power device as power-converting device adopts various widely used devices, includes but not limited to power transistor GTR, Metal-oxide-semicondutor type field effect transistor M OSFET, insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT and gate turn off thyristor GTO.
Adopt analog controller, digitial controller and analog digital mixture control as controller, analog controller comprises the controller that analog controller that discrete component constitutes or programmable analog device constitute, and digitial controller comprises wherein a kind of of microprocessor, single-chip microcomputer, DSP, CPLD and FPGA;
Adopt voltage sensor or current sensor or mechanical pick-up device as transducer.
As energy storage device is various storage batterys, super capacitor and flywheel.
As final be resistive load or inductive load or capacity load or their combination with electric loading.
Though showed and described the piezoelectric type vibrational energy transformation system of present embodiment, wherein, piezo-electric device is connected with the spring of railway vehicle vibration damping system, be used for vibrational energy is converted to electric energy, but should understand, utilize piezoelectric effect to realize the recovery of energy, the installation of piezo-electric device can be not limited to connect with spring.Piezo-electric device also can be installed on other position of vibration insulating system, and is connected with vibration insulating system or its parts in the serial or parallel connection mode.
Though, the invention is not restricted to embodiment described above above to have described the present invention with reference to certain embodiments and example of the present invention.According to know-why of the present invention, those of ordinary skills make amendment to the foregoing description and are out of shape according to above-mentioned know-why and all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a method of utilizing rail vehicle vibrating energy piezoelectric power generating is characterized in that, piezo-electric device is placed the railway vehicle vibration damping system, utilizes vibrational energy to produce electric energy, and is stored and utilize as a kind of supply of electric power.
2. the method for utilizing rail vehicle vibrating energy piezoelectric power generating as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this method may further comprise the steps:
A. insert at least one piezo-electric device in the railway vehicle vibration damping system, be used to receive the vibrational energy of rail vehicle suspension, the piezoelectric in this piezo-electric device is as working media, and utilizes direct piezoelectric effect that vibrational energy is changed into electric energy;
B. the electric energy that piezo-electric device is produced is delivered in the power-converting device, by this power-converting device electric energy is adjusted and conversion;
C. the electric energy after power-converting device adjustment and the conversion is by energy storage device or finally receive with electric loading, and electric energy is stored or utilized.
3. the method for utilizing rail vehicle vibrating energy piezoelectric power generating as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, when the electric energy after described power-converting device adjustment and the conversion was received by energy storage device, power-converting device was controlled the charging voltage and the electric current of energy storage device; Electric energy after described power-converting device adjustment and the conversion is when finally receiving with electric loading, and power-converting device is controlled final supply power voltage and electric current with electric loading.
4. the method for utilizing rail vehicle vibrating energy piezoelectric power generating as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described power-converting device may further comprise the steps the adjustment and the conversion of electric energy:
1) switching process, the alternating current that piezoelectric is produced becomes direct current;
2) DC/DC conversion process, the direct current that step 1) is produced carries out the voltage and current conversion.
5. the method for utilizing rail vehicle vibrating energy piezoelectric power generating as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, contain in the described power-converting device with the controller is the control core module, and the transducer of installation and measuring body movement, carry out control strategy by controller, when utilizing the rail vehicle vibrating energy generating, half active damping and noise reduction control are carried out in the vibration of rail vehicle.
6. the vibrating energy piezoelectric power generating system of a rail vehicle is characterized in that, this system comprises:
At least one places the piezo-electric device of railway vehicle vibration damping system, and this piezo-electric device is connected with the spring of railway vehicle vibration damping system, is used for vibrational energy is converted to electric energy;
A power-converting device is made up of power model and control module, and power model is used to adjust and change the electric energy that piezo-electric device produces, and electric energy is used for energy storage device or finally uses electric loading; Control module is controlled by the power component to power model, makes vibrational energy change into electric energy, and for energy storage device storage or finally use with electric loading;
An energy storage device or finally use electric loading is used for storage and utilizes the adjusted electric energy of power-converting device;
Above-mentioned piezo-electric device is connected with power-converting device, and power-converting device is respectively with energy storage device or finally be connected with electric loading.
7. the rail vehicle vibrating energy piezoelectric power generating system described in claim 6, it is characterized in that: described piezo-electric device comprises outer piston, inner carrier, hydraulic cylinder and piezoelectric element; Outer piston and hydraulic cylinder directly are subjected to the effect of rail vehicle vibration, produce relative motion, and outer piston passes to inner carrier by fluid with pressure, is placing piezoelectric element between inner carrier and the cylinder bottom;
Described piezoelectric element can be made up of monolithic or multi-layer piezoelectric thin slice, comprises lamination type piezoelectric pile structure.
8. the rail vehicle vibrating energy piezoelectric power generating system described in claim 6, it is characterized in that: described piezo-electric device can be installed in car body and bogie, bogie and wheel between vibration insulating system in, in order to absorb laterally and the vertical motion energy, or be installed between the two joint car bodies, in order to absorb the vibrational energy that rail vehicle produces because of serpentine locomotion;
9. the piezo-electric device of rail vehicle vibrating energy piezoelectric power generating as claimed in claim 6 system, it is characterized in that: described piezoelectric element is piezoelectric ceramic or ferroelectricity piezoelectric or composite piezoelectric material.
10. rail vehicle vibrating energy piezoelectric power generating as claimed in claim 6 system, it is characterized in that, the power model of described power-converting device comprises full-bridge rectification device and DC/DC converter, electric energy output end of full-bridge rectification device and piezoelectric element links to each other, and is used for converting the alternating current that piezoelectric element produces to direct current; The DC/DC converter is connected with the full-bridge rectification device, is used to adjust the voltage and current of arteries and veins full-bridge rectification device output; Device for power switching is used for carrying out the instruction that control signal is passed in the DC/DC converter.
11. rail vehicle vibrating energy piezoelectric power generating as claimed in claim 6 system is characterized in that the control module of described power-converting device comprises: transducer, filter circuit, controller and photoelectric isolating circuit; Transducer places on the power model of piezo-electric device, power-converting device, is used to obtain the required signal of microprocessor; Controller links to each other with transducer by filter circuit, obtains the signal that transducer obtains, and the output control signal; Control signal is delivered to the control end of the device for power switching of power model through photoelectric isolating circuit.
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| CN101594072A (en) * | 2008-05-26 | 2009-12-02 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Device of solar generating |
| CN101814858A (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2010-08-25 | 中国铁道科学研究院铁道建筑研究所 | Piezoelectric generating method adapting to railway subgrade surface and track structure |
| CN102080638A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-06-01 | 福建水口发电集团有限公司 | Hydraulic principle-based piezoelectric microvibration energy converter |
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Family Cites Families (2)
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| JPH05336673A (en) * | 1992-05-29 | 1993-12-17 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Centralized charger |
| CN1202014A (en) * | 1997-06-10 | 1998-12-16 | 大宇电子株式会社 | Piezoelectric generator for generating electricity using piezoelectric elements attached to vibration source and method for manufacturing the same |
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