JPH05336673A - Centralized charger - Google Patents
Centralized chargerInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05336673A JPH05336673A JP4137395A JP13739592A JPH05336673A JP H05336673 A JPH05336673 A JP H05336673A JP 4137395 A JP4137395 A JP 4137395A JP 13739592 A JP13739592 A JP 13739592A JP H05336673 A JPH05336673 A JP H05336673A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- charger
- charging
- power
- chargers
- rectifier
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、例えば電気自動車に搭
載する蓄電池を充電するための充電装置に係り、特に複
数台の電気自動車に同時に充電するための集中充電装置
に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a charging device for charging a storage battery mounted on, for example, an electric vehicle, and more particularly to a centralized charging device for simultaneously charging a plurality of electric vehicles.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】電気自動車は、モータを原動機とし、そ
の電源に二次電池(蓄電池)が搭載され、モータ制御装
置によるモータ制御がなされる。このため、電気自動車
は、内燃機関を原動機とする従来の自動車に必要なガソ
リン等の燃料を給油するのとは異なり、搭載した蓄電池
を充電する充電装置を必要とする。2. Description of the Related Art In an electric vehicle, a motor is used as a prime mover, a secondary battery (storage battery) is mounted on its power source, and the motor is controlled by a motor controller. For this reason, the electric vehicle requires a charging device for charging the storage battery mounted therein unlike the refueling of fuel such as gasoline, which is necessary for a conventional vehicle having an internal combustion engine as a prime mover.
【0003】図5は従来の電気自動車用の充電装置を示
す。1は充電装置であり、2は電気自動車である。充電
装置1の出力端子A,Bには充電ケーブル3が接続さ
れ、この充電ケーブル3の他端を電気自動車2の入力端
子A′,B′に接続することにより、電気自動車2に搭
載された蓄電池4の充電を行う。FIG. 5 shows a conventional charging device for an electric vehicle. Reference numeral 1 is a charging device, and 2 is an electric vehicle. The charging cable 3 is connected to the output terminals A and B of the charging device 1, and the other end of the charging cable 3 is connected to the input terminals A ′ and B ′ of the electric vehicle 2 to be mounted on the electric vehicle 2. The storage battery 4 is charged.
【0004】充電装置1では交流電源5からスイッチ6
を介して交流電力を取込み、この交流電力を整流器7に
より直流電力に変換し、スイッチ8を介して出力端子
A,Bに直流出力を得る。整流器7との組合わせで充電
器を構成する制御部9は、電流検出部10及び電圧検出
部11によって検出された直流電流及び直流電圧に基づ
いて整流器7の出力電流及び電圧を制御し、定電流定電
圧方式等の充電方式によって蓄電池4を充電する。In the charging device 1, the AC power source 5 is switched to the switch 6
AC power is taken in via the rectifier 7, this AC power is converted into DC power by the rectifier 7, and DC output is obtained at the output terminals A and B via the switch 8. The control unit 9 that constitutes a charger in combination with the rectifier 7 controls the output current and voltage of the rectifier 7 based on the direct current and the direct current voltage detected by the current detection unit 10 and the voltage detection unit 11, and controls the constant current. The storage battery 4 is charged by a charging method such as a constant current voltage method.
【0005】なお、充電装置1は短時間で蓄電池4を充
電できることが、電気自動車の普及及びメンテナンス面
で要望され、出力の大電流,高電圧化が進められると共
に急速充電を可能とする蓄電池4の改良,研究も進めら
れている。The charging device 1 is required to charge the storage battery 4 in a short time in order to popularize and maintain electric vehicles, and the storage battery 4 is capable of rapid charging as the output current is increased and the voltage is increased. Is being improved and research is also underway.
【0006】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来の充電装置は、電
気自動車が搭載する蓄電池の電圧,容量に応じて充電電
圧,電流をある程度調節できるが、一度に充電できる電
気自動車は1台に限られる。In the conventional charging device, the charging voltage and current can be adjusted to some extent according to the voltage and capacity of the storage battery installed in the electric vehicle, but the number of electric vehicles that can be charged at one time is limited. .
【0007】このため、充電装置をガソリンスタンドと
同様の充電サービスを行う手段とする充電システムに適
用すると、該充電装置は電気自動車を1台づつ順次充電
することになり、充電要求が集中した場合に長い時間の
充電待ちを起こすことが予想される。Therefore, when the charging device is applied to a charging system having means for performing charging service similar to that of a gas station, the charging device sequentially charges the electric vehicles one by one, and when charging requests are concentrated. It is expected to cause a long waiting time for charging.
【0008】この問題には、充電装置を多数台設置して
おくことで対応できるが、充電要求が集中する時間帯の
みのために多数台の充電装置を設置しておくことは設置
スペース効率や稼動率の悪い充電システムになるし、高
価なシステムになる。This problem can be dealt with by installing a large number of charging devices. However, installing a large number of charging devices only during a time period when charging requests are concentrated will increase installation space efficiency and installation space. It becomes a charging system with a low operating rate and an expensive system.
【0009】また、1台の充電装置は充電時には短時間
(例えば10分〜20分)に高い電力エネルギー(例え
ば100KW〜200KW)を必要とし、多数台の充電
装置が同時に運転された場合に備えて受電設備容量も大
きくしておかなければならず、受電設備の設備効率も悪
くする。Further, one charging device requires high power energy (for example, 100 KW to 200 KW) in a short time (for example, 10 to 20 minutes) at the time of charging, and is prepared for the case where a large number of charging devices are operated at the same time. Therefore, the capacity of the power receiving equipment must also be increased, and the equipment efficiency of the power receiving equipment also deteriorates.
【0010】本発明の目的は、複数台の電気自動車等の
負荷への同時充電を可能にしながら装置のコンパクト
化,コストダウンを図り、さらに受電設備効率の向上を
図った集中充電装置を提供することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide a centralized charging device which enables simultaneous charging of loads of a plurality of electric vehicles or the like while making the device compact and reducing cost, and further improving efficiency of power receiving equipment. Especially.
【0011】[0011]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は前記課題の解決
を図るため、交流電源からの交流電力を直流電力に変換
する1台の整流器と、前記整流器を直流電源とし二次電
池を充電する直流電力を得る複数の充電器と、前記複数
の充電器のうち運転指定された充電器を時分割的に充電
制御する制御装置とを備えたことを特徴とする。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention uses one rectifier for converting AC power from an AC power supply into DC power, and charges the secondary battery with the rectifier as a DC power supply. It is characterized by comprising a plurality of chargers for obtaining DC power, and a control device for time-divisionally controlling charging of a charger designated for operation among the plurality of chargers.
【0012】[0012]
【作用】上記構成になる本発明によれば、複数の充電器
を時分割的に充電制御することで複数の負荷に同時充電
を行うと共に整流器が受電する交流電力及び供給する直
流電力は1台の充電器の連続運転と同等にする。According to the present invention having the above-described structure, a plurality of chargers are controlled in a time-divisional manner so that a plurality of loads can be simultaneously charged, and the rectifier receives only one AC power and one DC power to be supplied. The same as the continuous operation of the charger in.
【0013】[0013]
【実施例】図1は本発明の一実施例を示す構成図であ
り、電気自動車の集中充電装置に適用した場合である。
充電装置21は、商用の交流電源22からしゃ断器23
等で構成される受電設備を通して交流電力を取込む。充
電装置21は、受電設備からの交流電力を直流電力に変
換する1台の整流器(交流・直流変換器)24と、この
整流器24を共通の直流電源として電気自動車の蓄電池
を充電する直流電力を得る複数の充電器251〜25
3と、各充電器251〜253の共通の制御装置26とを
備える。1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, which is applied to a centralized charging device for an electric vehicle.
The charging device 21 includes a commercial AC power source 22 and a circuit breaker 23.
AC power is taken in through the power receiving equipment consisting of The charging device 21 uses one rectifier (AC / DC converter) 24 that converts AC power from a power receiving facility into DC power, and DC power that charges a storage battery of an electric vehicle using the rectifier 24 as a common DC power supply. a plurality of chargers 25 to 253 to obtain
3 and a common control device 26 for each of the chargers 25 1 to 25 3 .
【0014】制御装置26は、各充電器251〜253の
うち運転指定された充電器の出力を制御し、この充電制
御には運転される充電器が整流器24から時分割的に直
流電力を得ると共に、電気自動車に時分割的に充電電流
を供給するよう各充電器を制御する。The control device 26 controls the output of the charger designated to be operated among the chargers 25 1 to 25 3 , and the charger to be operated for this charging control uses the DC power from the rectifier 24 in a time sharing manner. And each charger is controlled so as to supply the charging current to the electric vehicle in a time division manner.
【0015】図示では、3台の充電器のうち充電器25
1と252の運転を行う場合を示し、制御装置26には運
転する充電器の番号(NO)が与えられることで当該充
電器251、252の時分割的な充電制御を行う。この充
電制御に各電気自動車に対する充電量や蓄電池の電圧種
別情報も与えられ、これら情報に対し、各充電器2
51,252の出力電圧VDの検出及び整流器24の出力
電流ID(又は入力電流)の検出を行い、各電気自動車
2に対する充電量を求め、該充電量に応じて充電電流及
び電圧を制御する。In the figure, the charger 25 out of the three chargers
The case where the operation of 1 and 25 2 is performed is shown, and the number (NO) of the charger to be operated is given to the control device 26 to perform time-divisional charge control of the chargers 25 1 and 25 2 . The charge amount for each electric vehicle and the voltage type information of the storage battery are also given to this charge control, and each charger 2
The output voltage V D of 5 1 , 25 2 is detected and the output current I D (or input current) of the rectifier 24 is detected to obtain the charge amount for each electric vehicle 2, and the charge current and voltage are calculated according to the charge amount. To control.
【0016】図2は充電装置21の時分割制御のタイム
チャートを示す。充電器251〜253の同時運転におい
て、制御装置26は各充電器251〜253に一定時間T
の制御出力を順次与え、各充電器251〜253は与えら
れる制御出力期間のみ充電電流出力を得る。FIG. 2 shows a time chart of the time division control of the charging device 21. In the simultaneous operation of the chargers 25 1 to 25 3 , the control device 26 controls the chargers 25 1 to 25 3 for a certain time T.
Of the charging current output is sequentially given to each of the chargers 25 1 to 25 3 to obtain the charging current output only during the given control output period.
【0017】従って、各充電器251〜253は電気自動
車に対して同時充電を行うが、整流器24から供給する
電力は1台の充電器に連続供給する電力と同等のものに
なり、整流器自体の電力変換容量も1台の充電器の充電
容量と同程度のもので済む。Therefore, each of the chargers 25 1 to 25 3 simultaneously charges the electric vehicle, but the electric power supplied from the rectifier 24 becomes the same as the electric power continuously supplied to one charger, and The power conversion capacity of itself is the same as the charging capacity of one charger.
【0018】ここで、図2のタイムチャートに示すよう
に、各充電器251〜253の充電電流(及び電圧)は充
電する電気自動車の車種の違いによる蓄電池容量,電圧
の違いによって異なる。また、同種の蓄電池にあっても
その充電状態によって充電初期には比較的大きい電流で
充電終期(充電終止電圧に近い充電状態)には比較的小
さい電流で行われ、整流器24側は各充電器に必要な充
電電流を時分割的に供給するが、充電電流の平準化即ち
負荷の平準化は図られる。Here, as shown in the time chart of FIG. 2, the charging current (and voltage) of each of the chargers 25 1 to 25 3 differs depending on the difference in the storage battery capacity and the voltage depending on the type of electric vehicle to be charged. Further, even in the same type of storage battery, depending on the charging state, a relatively large current is used at the initial stage of charging and a relatively small current at the end of charging (a charging state close to the end-of-charge voltage). The required charging current is supplied in a time sharing manner, but the charging current is leveled, that is, the load is leveled.
【0019】図3は本発明の具体的な回路図を示す。充
電器251〜253は、昇圧チョッパ回路の場合を示し、
スイッチ素子としてのトランジスタTrのオンによって
リアクトルLに整流器24から短絡電流を流し、該トラ
ンジスタTrのオフによって該リアクトルLから電気自
動車2の蓄電池4及びフライホイールダイオードDを通
して充電電流を供給する。このとき、充電電流はトラン
ジスタTrのオン・オフ比で制御される。なお、充電電
圧は電圧検出器271〜273によって充電器毎に検出さ
れ、充電電流は整流器24の出力電流として電流検出器
28で各充電器の出力タイミングでの電流として一括検
出される。FIG. 3 shows a concrete circuit diagram of the present invention. The chargers 25 1 to 25 3 show the case of the step-up chopper circuit,
When the transistor Tr as a switch element is turned on, a short-circuit current is supplied from the rectifier 24 to the reactor L, and when the transistor Tr is turned off, a charging current is supplied from the reactor L through the storage battery 4 and the flywheel diode D of the electric vehicle 2. At this time, the charging current is controlled by the on / off ratio of the transistor Tr. The charging voltage is detected for each charger by the voltage detector 27 1-27 3, the charging current is simultaneously detected by the current detector 28 as the output current of the rectifier 24 as a current at the output timing of each charger.
【0020】制御装置26は、各充電器251〜253の
うち運転される充電器番号や電気自動車の蓄電池種別や
充電量設定値が与えられるコントローラ29を制御中枢
部とし、制御対象になる充電器に対する電圧,充電量の
検出と充電器への制御出力を発生する。電圧検出切換回
路30は制御対象になる充電器の出力電圧VD1〜VD3を
コントローラ29からの時分割制御で順次切換えて取込
む。充電量演算回路31は切換回路30からの各充電器
の電圧検出信号と電流検出器28からの電流検出値との
乗算によって各充電器の瞬時充電量を求め、これを充電
器毎に積算することで各電気自動車の蓄電池に対する充
電量を求めると共にその表示を行う。The control device 26 has a controller 29 to which a charger number among the chargers 25 1 to 25 3 to be operated, a storage battery type of an electric vehicle and a charge amount set value are given as a control center, and is a control target. It detects the voltage and charge for the charger and generates the control output to the charger. The voltage detection switching circuit 30 sequentially switches and fetches the output voltages V D1 to V D3 of the charger to be controlled by the time division control from the controller 29. The charge amount calculation circuit 31 obtains the instantaneous charge amount of each charger by multiplying the voltage detection signal of each charger from the switching circuit 30 and the current detection value from the current detector 28, and integrates this for each charger. By doing so, the amount of charge of the storage battery of each electric vehicle is obtained and displayed.
【0021】充電器制御回路32は、該定値切換回路3
3から充電器毎に必要な設定値(充電器番号,充電量,
電圧種別等)が同期的に切換えられて与えられ、これら
設定値に対する切換回路30からの演算量をフィードバ
ック信号として充電器251〜253の個別の制御信号
(チョッパのオン・オフ信号)を発生する。ゲート回路
34は充電器制御回路32からの充電器毎の制御信号を
電力増幅し、コントローラ29からの充電器毎の切換制
御信号に従って各充電器251〜253に分配する。The charger control circuit 32 includes the constant value switching circuit 3
Setting value required for each charger from 3 (charger number, charge amount,
Voltage types, etc.) are synchronously switched and given, and the individual control signals (on / off signals of the choppers) of the chargers 25 1 to 25 3 are used as feedback signals based on the calculation amount from the switching circuit 30 for these set values. Occur. The gate circuit 34 power-amplifies the control signal for each charger from the charger control circuit 32, and distributes it to each charger 25 1 to 25 3 according to the switching control signal from the controller 29 for each charger.
【0022】上述の構成により、運転を行う充電器毎の
情報がコントローラ29に与えられることで当該充電器
に対する時分割的な運転制御がなされ、また充電電流が
充電器毎に制御され、複数の電気自動車に同時充電を行
いながら1台の充電器の連続運転と同等の整流器入出力
電力にする。With the above-described structure, the controller 29 is provided with information on each charger to be operated, whereby time-divisional operation control for the charger is performed, and the charging current is controlled for each charger, and a plurality of chargers are controlled. The rectifier input / output power is equivalent to the continuous operation of one charger while simultaneously charging the electric vehicles.
【0023】ここで、充電器251〜253は昇圧チョッ
パ構成になり、その時分割制御による充電動作は図4に
示すようになる。同図は2台の充電器の時分割制御の場
合を示し、周期Tを持って充電器251,252が交互に
充電動作を開始する。1番目(NO1)の充電器251
は時刻t1で動作を開始し、このタイミングでトランジ
スタTrがオン制御され、設定された充電電流から決定
される時間T1の経過後にトランジスタTrがオフ制御
される。このタイミングt2からリアクトルLによる充
電電流が電気自動車2側に供給される。Here, the chargers 25 1 to 25 3 have a step-up chopper structure, and the charging operation by the time division control is as shown in FIG. The figure shows the case of time-division control of two chargers, and the chargers 25 1 and 25 2 alternately start the charging operation with a cycle T. 1st (NO1) charger 25 1
Starts its operation at time t 1 , the transistor Tr is on-controlled at this timing, and the transistor Tr is off-controlled after a lapse of time T 1 determined from the set charging current. From this timing t 2, the charging current by the reactor L is supplied to the electric vehicle 2 side.
【0024】一方、2番目(NO2)の充電器252は
時刻t2で動作を開始し、このタイミングでのトランジ
スタTrのオンと時間T2後の時刻t3でのオフによって
電気自動車2への充電電流を時刻t4まで供給する。On the other hand, the charger 25 2 of the second (NO2) starts operation at the time t 2, the by-off at time t 3 of the on and after time T 2 of the transistor Tr in this timing to the electric vehicle 2 The charging current of is supplied until time t 4 .
【0025】従って、整流器24が直流電流を供給する
期間は斜線部分になり、休止期間を持つことなく1台の
充電器への充電電流供給と等価になり、整流器24の容
量は1台の充電器のものと同程度の容量,構造を持つも
ので済むし、充電時間が延びることもない。Therefore, the period in which the rectifier 24 supplies the DC current is shaded, which is equivalent to supplying the charging current to one charger without a rest period, and the capacity of the rectifier 24 is equivalent to one charger. It only needs to have the same capacity and structure as those of the container, and does not extend the charging time.
【0026】なお、実施例において、充電器は昇圧チョ
ッパ構成とするに限らず、直流・直流変換機能を有する
電力変換器であれば良い。In the embodiment, the charger is not limited to the step-up chopper structure but may be any power converter having a DC / DC converting function.
【0027】[0027]
【発明の効果】以上のとおり、本発明によれば、複数台
の充電器の共通の直流電源として1台の整流器を設け、
各充電器のうち設定された充電器を時分割的に充電制御
するようにしたため、複数台の負荷を同時充電でき、し
かも整流器は1台の充電器を連続運転するのと同等の電
力変換容量を持つもので済みそのコストダウン,コンパ
クト化を図ることができると共に受電設備等の設備も小
容量化して設備効率の向上を図ることができる。As described above, according to the present invention, one rectifier is provided as a common DC power source for a plurality of chargers,
Since the set charger among the chargers is controlled in a time-sharing manner, multiple loads can be charged at the same time, and the rectifier has the same power conversion capacity as continuous operation of one charger. It is possible to reduce the cost and make the equipment compact, and to improve the efficiency of equipment by reducing the capacity of equipment such as power receiving equipment.
【図1】本発明の一実施例を示す構成図、FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention,
【図2】実施例における時分割制御のタイムチャート、FIG. 2 is a time chart of time division control in the embodiment,
【図3】実施例の回路図、FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment,
【図4】実施例の動作波形図、FIG. 4 is an operation waveform diagram of the embodiment,
【図5】従来の充電装置の構成図。FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a conventional charging device.
2…電気自動車、4…蓄電池、21…充電装置、24…
整流器、251,252,253…充電器、26…制御装
置、29…コントローラ、30…電圧検出切換回路、3
1…充電量演算回路、32…充電器制御回路、33…設
定値切換回路、34…ゲート回路。2 ... Electric vehicle, 4 ... Storage battery, 21 ... Charging device, 24 ...
Rectifier, 25 1 , 25 2 , 25 3 ... Charger, 26 ... Control device, 29 ... Controller, 30 ... Voltage detection switching circuit, 3
1 ... Charge amount calculation circuit, 32 ... Charger control circuit, 33 ... Set value switching circuit, 34 ... Gate circuit
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 三宅 博之 東京都目黒区碑文谷4丁目22番13号 北斗 電工株式会社内 (72)発明者 堀江 英明 神奈川県横浜市神奈川区宝町2番地 日産 自動車株式会社内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Hiroyuki Miyake 4-22-13 Himonya, Meguro-ku, Tokyo Hokuto Electric Works Co., Ltd. (72) Hideaki Horie 2 Takaracho, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa Nissan Motor Co. Within
Claims (1)
換する1台の整流器と、前記整流器を直流電源とし二次
電池を充電する直流電力を得る複数の充電器と、前記複
数の充電器のうち運転指定された充電器を時分割的に充
電制御する制御装置とを備えたことを特徴とする集中充
電装置。1. A single rectifier for converting AC power from an AC power supply into DC power, a plurality of chargers for obtaining DC power for charging a secondary battery using the rectifier as a DC power supply, and the plurality of chargers. A centralized charging device, comprising: a control device for time-divisionally controlling charging of a charger for which operation is designated.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP4137395A JPH05336673A (en) | 1992-05-29 | 1992-05-29 | Centralized charger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP4137395A JPH05336673A (en) | 1992-05-29 | 1992-05-29 | Centralized charger |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH05336673A true JPH05336673A (en) | 1993-12-17 |
Family
ID=15197669
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP4137395A Pending JPH05336673A (en) | 1992-05-29 | 1992-05-29 | Centralized charger |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH05336673A (en) |
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1992
- 1992-05-29 JP JP4137395A patent/JPH05336673A/en active Pending
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