CN1602379A - Deposit conveying mechanism and deposit conveying method - Google Patents
Deposit conveying mechanism and deposit conveying method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1602379A CN1602379A CNA038007150A CN03800715A CN1602379A CN 1602379 A CN1602379 A CN 1602379A CN A038007150 A CNA038007150 A CN A038007150A CN 03800715 A CN03800715 A CN 03800715A CN 1602379 A CN1602379 A CN 1602379A
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- suction ports
- transfer tube
- reservoir
- deposit
- cup shell
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
- E02B3/023—Removing sediments
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/30—Flood prevention; Flood or storm water management, e.g. using flood barriers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Air Transport Of Granular Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The deposit conveyance mechanism is capable of effectively conveying deposits. The mechanism comprises: a conveying tube 10 having a suction port 12, a vertical tube part 13, a horizontal tube part 14 horizontally extending sideward, the horizontal tube part 14 being held in the water so as to locate below a hydraulic gradient line and vertically moved so as to move the suction port 12 close to and away from the bottom face of the water storing place, by an elevating unit 38, in a prescribed cycle; a cup-shaped member 60 provided to the suction port 12 of the conveying tube 10, the cup-shaped member having a lower part in which the suction port 12 is capable of moving upward and downward; a steam supplying section 73 supplying steam into the cup-shaped member 60; and a compressed gas supplying section 74 supplying a compressed gas into the cup-shaped member 60.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a deposit transport establishment and transmit sedimental method.
Background technology
One mechanism of dredging is disclosed among the Japan Patent No.3277489.
In this dredges mechanism, one discharge pipe pass one its highly be lower than the embankment hole of the reservoir of water level, by a ship that floats on the surface, discharge pipe is suspended and keeps its height below the water surface, by a lift unit that is provided with aboard ship, discharge pipe can vertically move, like this, mobile suction ports is near flowing to produce a pulsation with the bottom that moves apart reservoir, it is the suction streams and the plug flow of pulsation, wherein, alternately occur having the water of high deposition part concentration and water with low deposition part concentration.
By the use mechanism of dredging, deposit can be effective as solid-liquid two phase flow and discharge, and does not have the collision of deposit and discharge pipe inner surface basically.
The present invention can be applied to the mechanism of dredging, and the objective of the invention is to, and the mechanism of deposit transportation is provided, and one be used for transmitting sedimental method, and they can further transmit deposit effectively.
Summary of the invention
For achieving the goal, the present invention has following array structure.
Promptly, deposit of the present invention transport establishment comprises: a transfer tube, it has a suction ports, it opens wide and towards the bottom surface of the reservoir of deposit precipitation, one vertical tube part, it extends vertically upward from suction ports, one horizontal tube part, along extending laterally to a discharge section that highly is lower than the reservoir water surface, the horizontal tube partially liq passes the embankment hole of a reservoir hermetically from the upper water level land of vertical tube part for it, and it highly is lower than the reservoir water level, remain in the water of reservoir, being positioned at below the hydraulic gradient line, and by a lift unit, in the circulation of regulation, vertically move so that suction ports move near and move apart the bottom surface of reservoir; One cup shell is arranged on the suction ports of transfer tube, and this cup shell has the bottom that a suction ports can move up and down therein; One supply steam enters into the steam supply section in the cup shell; And one compressed gas supplying enter into Compressed Gas supply section in the cup shell.
In addition, in deposit transport establishment, when suction ports moves down together with cup shell, and enter in the bottom surface of water, when closing suction ports apace, by the inertia of the fluid in the transfer tube, the pressure in the suction ports descends, produce dilatational wave, in the low concentration part of the transfer tube that begins from suction ports, cause water column to separate; When suction ports moves up with respect to cup-like portion, be introduced in the suction ports at the high concentration deposit on the bottom and the water in cup shell, steam and Compressed Gas, comprise that sedimental embolism of high concentration and gas embolism upwards move in the vertical tube part, high concentration part in suction ports is sucked as embolism, a spot of Compressed Gas is fed in the cup shell from the Compressed Gas supply section, and volume is fed in the cup shell from the steam supply section greater than the steam of the volume of Compressed Gas; And in transfer tube, produce one and comprise that solid phase, liquid are mutually and the flowing of the vibration shape of gas coupling mutually, so that open the step of suction ports apace by the step and that repeats to promote cup shell, deposit is transferred to discharge section, in lifting step, stop supplies steam and Compressed Gas, with the steam in the noncondensing gas embolism, and reduce the volume of gas embolism, in opening steps, clear water is introduced in the suction ports, with the pressure in the increase suction ports, and the generation compression wave condenses the water column separation.
In the situation of high viscosity fluid (Bingham fluid), thick fluid layer is formed on the surface of the inner surface of pipe and solid, like this, blocks flowing of fluid; In the present invention with said structure, shearing force by the strong vibration that produces by the cavitation (thixotropy effect) of water column separating part, the viscosity of fluid layer is reduced, by emulsion flow (flowing of emulsion form) cavitation (wherein, little gas stream (micro-balloon) is dispersed in the fluid layer) the part high pressure that causes, one fluid is entered in the space between the solid, like this, during fluid layer always remains in the lubricated state or a flow axis holds, therefore can transport deposit effectively with full-bodied high concentration.
Method of the present invention is to be used for a kind of method of in mechanism transportation deposits, this mechanism comprises a transfer tube, it has a suction ports, it opens wide and towards the bottom surface of the reservoir of deposit precipitation, one vertical tube part, it extends vertically upward from suction ports, one horizontal tube part, its from the upper water level land of vertical tube part along extending laterally to a discharge section that highly is lower than the reservoir water surface, the horizontal tube partially liq passes the embankment hole of a reservoir hermetically, it highly is lower than the reservoir water level, remain in the water of reservoir, being positioned at below the hydraulic gradient line, and by a lift unit, in the circulation of regulation, vertically move so that suction ports move near and move apart the bottom surface of reservoir; One cup shell is arranged on the suction ports place of transfer tube, and this cup shell has the bottom that a suction ports can move up and down therein; One supply steam enters into the steam supply section in the cup shell; And one compressed gas supplying enter into Compressed Gas supply section in the cup shell, this method comprises following all steps: together with the mobile suction ports of cup shell, in suction ports is manoeuvred into water-bed face, to close suction ports apace, inertia by the fluid in the delivery tube, reduce the pressure in the suction ports, produce dilatational wave, in the low concentration part of the transfer tube that begins from suction ports, cause water column to separate; Suction ports moves up with respect to cup shell, in suction ports, to aspirate high concentration part as embolism, a spot of Compressed Gas is fed in the cup shell from the Compressed Gas supply section, and volume is fed in the cup shell from the steam supply section greater than the steam of the volume of Compressed Gas; And make and comprise that the sedimental embolism of high concentration and gas embolism are upwards mobile in the vertical tube part; And the step and that repeats to promote cup shell is opened the step of suction ports apace, in lifting step, stop supplies steam and Compressed Gas, with the steam in the noncondensing gas embolism, and reduce the volume of gas embolism, in opening steps, clear water is introduced in the suction ports, to increase the pressure in the suction ports, and the generation compression wave condenses the water column separation, comprise solid phase, liquid mutually and the flowing of the vibration shape of gas coupling mutually thereby in transfer tube, produce one, so that deposit is transferred to discharge section.
Brief description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the explanatory that is used to dredge the mechanism on a dam;
Fig. 2 is the explanatory on Miwa dam;
Fig. 3 is used for a transfer tube (discharge pipe) is fixed on the explanatory of the mechanism in the dike hole;
Fig. 4 is the explanatory of a ship;
Fig. 5 is the explanatory of a cup shell and a suction ports;
Fig. 6 is a two-tube explanatory;
Fig. 7 is the explanatory of a pressure absorption portion;
Fig. 8 is the detailed explanatory of a pressure absorption portion;
Fig. 9 illustrates the explanatory that concerns between pipe loss and the solid one after another; And
Figure 10 is the sectional view of an example of discharge pipe.
The specific embodiment
Now describe preferred embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in detail.
Fig. 1 illustrates a sectional view of dredging mechanism, and this structure is an example of deposit transport sector.In the present embodiment, the mechanism of dredging is applied to a huge dam.
Fig. 2 illustrates a bypass tunnel that is positioned at the local Miwa dam of Japanese Nagano.
One regulating clam 33 and a husky control dam 34 are arranged on the upstream side of dykes and dams 31.Regulating clam 33 and husky control dam 34 stop big stone, and to reduce to flow into the amount of solid in the dam, the big stone with deposition that stops can easily be removed behind flood.Big stone can be effectively as the material of concrete etc.
When flood took place, the gate (not shown) of the bypass path (not shown) of close regulating clam 33 was opened, so that fine sand (diameter is about 0.1mm) is flowed in the bypass tunnel by bypass path together with flood, like this, did not have spun yarn to be deposited in the dam.Therefore, the granule that is referred to as wash load is deposited in the dam.
In the present embodiment, the deposit of dredging is discharged by the tunnel (complementary path) 32 of a complementation that is communicated with bypass tunnel 30.
The horizontal tube part 14 of discharge pipe 10 is vertically crooked at place, the top of vertical tube part 13, and almost flatly extends (be positioned on 24 sides of dike hole an end a little less than the other end), and it is in water and is positioned at below the hydraulic gradient line when discharging deposit.
Adopt this structure, discharge pipe 10 fills Yi Shui, and can flow downwards by water gaging by hydraulic head poor (under the clear water situation).
Clear water is counted as it
(averag density) is about 1.044 Newtonian fluid (in the situation of the earth that deposits) in excavating the Miwa dam.
Note, if
Then fluid is the fluid of high concentration and has the characteristic of Ben-Hur (Bingham) fluid.Bingham fluid has high viscosity.Solid rate be 30% or above situation in,
Be about 1.5, if solid is a clay, then fluid is referred to as " plastic fluid "; If the part of the solid phase (embolism) of concentration is to exist off and on, then flowing is referred to as " plug flow ".In plug flow, the argillic horizon (fluid layer) that seems vesica is formed on the surface of embolism sometimes, so fluid is referred to as " vesica fluid ".
Dike hole 24 has the structure of a water-stop, makes an explanation with reference to Fig. 3.
Label 42 is represented roller shape keeper, and they are arranged in the dike hole 24, with supporting with along the mobile glossily discharge pipe 10 of the axial direction of discharge pipe.
Label 50 is represented a seal, and for example, it is the rubbery air pocket of a filling air.Seal 50 is arranged between dike hole 24 and the discharge pipe 10 (at the upside and the downside of discharge pipe 10), so that the space between sealing dike hole 24, liquid seal ground and the discharge pipe 10.
By from seal 50 exhaust airs, can discharge discharge pipe 10, like this, discharge pipe 10 can in axial direction move.
Keeper 42 is arranged on the levee foundation 44, and is arranged in the both sides of seal 50.
By moving down water board 52,10 sealed 50 of discharge pipes are clamped, and like this, but 24 liquid seals ground in dike hole is sealed.
Next, label 36 is represented a lifting ship (see figure 1) that is provided with a crane 37, and crane 37 suspention discharge pipes 10 are vertically to keep vertical tube part 13 and to keep the horizontal tube part below the hydraulic gradient line.Sweep between vertical tube part 13 and the horizontal tube part 14 also is in water.Position by crane 37 discharge pipes 10 can freely change.
As shown in Figure 4, a lift unit 38 that is used for vertically mobile vertical tube part 13 or suction ports 12 is installed on the ship 36.Lift unit has a crane, and it is used for vertically moving a chain 63 that is connected with vertical tube part 13, and moves the vertical tube part 13 of the discharge pipe 10 that is suspended in midair by crane 37, about 2m that makes progress, and then, vertical tube part 13 freely falls.
Lift unit is not limited to crane, and any device that can vertically mobile vertical tube part 13 all can be used as lift unit.Lift unit is driven by a drive part (not shown), for example, and a motor, hydraulic cylinder unit.
Can use the device of any suspention discharge pipe 10 to replace crane 37.
In addition, can build a supporting station with substituted ship 36 on the dam, discharge pipe 10 can be supported by the supporting station, or lift unit can be installed on the supporting station.
The one buoyancy aid (not shown) that floats on the surface can be used as the supporting station of supporting discharge pipe 10.The height of discharge pipe 10 or absolute altitude can be adjusted by the air pressure in the control buoyancy aid.In addition, the motor (not shown) of water-stop is attachable on buoyancy aid, so that vertically mobile vertical tube part 13.The one cable (not shown) that is connected to the supply power supply on the motor can pass the air supply pipe (not shown) of a supply air to the buoyancy aid, in case leak-stopping.
Fig. 5 illustrates an example of suction ports 12.
As shown in Figure 5, suction ports 12 has a bicylindrical shape structure by interior pipe (discharge pipe 10) and cup shell 60 formations.The upper end of cup shell 60 61 is sealed with a lid, and the bottom of discharge pipe 10 (interior pipe) is airtight, and passes slidably and cover 61 and enter cup shell 60.One annex 62 is fixed on the discharge pipe 10 in the position that is slightly higher than cup shell 60, and chain 63 is connected on the annex 62, and chain 63 is connected on the lift unit, and like this, discharge pipe 10 can move up and down.
Cup shell 60 can be that liquid seal ground moves up and down with respect to interior pipe 10.The lid 61 of cup shell 60 is connected by a disc spring 65 with annex 62, and cup shell 60 can move with respect to interior pipe 10, and stroke range is by the expansion of disc spring 65 and shrink and limit.Therefore, when interior pipe 10 is positioned at the bottom surface, dam when above, disc spring 65 expands, and cup shell 60 hangs by annex 62.
Plate 66 with all through holes is divided the inner space of cup shell 60, and interior pipe 10 passes plate 66 slidably.
One stopper 67 is fixed on the interior pipe 10 of a position that is lower than plate 66, and a pad 68 (for example, the tires that disassemble from tire) are arranged between stopper 67 and the plate 66.Cup shell 60 is managed on 10 in remaining on by stopper 67.
One upwards the screen 70 (having all through holes) of arc be fixed on cup shell 60 below.Interior pipe 10 passes the centre bores of screen 70 and can move up and down.
All spheroids are arranged on the plate 66 and screen 70 of cup shell 60, so that adjust their weight.Spheroid rolls in cup shell 60, and like this, clod can be broken into pieces and form mud.If the gas of trace is included in the clod, then they can be released and work to do micro-balloon (will be described below).
Arrange three chisels 72 (shown in the figure one of them) along the excircle equal angles compartment of terrain of cup shell 60.
The tip is made in the lower end of chisel 72, and like this, when interior pipe 10 and cup shell 60 fell, they were pushed in the bottom surface on dam.The chain that is used for promoting chisel 72 is connected with chisel respectively, and all chains are by ship 36 controls.
As shown in Figure 4, and the steam supply section (steam generator: 73 and one compressed air supply section (compressor) 74 boiler), the compressed air supply section is an example of Compressed Gas supply section, they are arranged on the ship 36.By the steam of steam supply section 73 generations and the compressed air that produces by compressed air supply section 74, be inducted into the top of cup shell 60 by the dual pipe 75 of a flexibility.
As shown in Figure 6, dual pipe 75 comprises tube portion 77 in an outer tube part 76 and.Steam and compressed air are fed to an end of dual pipe 75.That is, compressed air by manage 79 and port 78 be inducted into outer tube part 76; And steam is by pipe 81a and the port 80a tube portion 77 that leads in.
The other end of dual pipe 75 is connected on the lid 61 of cup shell 60, enters in the cup shell 60 with guiding steam and compressed air.
Be incorporated into outer tube part 76 owing to have the compressed air of high thermal insulation, and steam is incorporated into interior tube portion 77, therefore, can limits the condensation that produces by cooling steam.
Compressed Gas supply section 74 can be by dual pipe 75 supplying carbon dioxide gases to cup shell 60.The carbon dioxide of high pressure is dissolved in the water easily; The carbon dioxide effervesce of low pressure.Therefore, form and be well dispersed in the interior micro-balloon of fluid layer that mud is formed, like this, can reduce the frictional resistance of fluid.
Next, mud diging working will be described.
Before the beginning mud diging working, suction ports 12 has risen to from the about 2m in bottom surface, dam place.Because discharge pipe 10 is positioned at below the hydraulic gradient line, so if the hydraulic head difference is 5.0m or above and L/D=1000, then water (clear water) is filled discharge pipe 10 and with enough flowing, for example 3.6m/sec or more than, like this, circulating water has enough inertia.
In the present embodiment, discharge pipe 10 is located substantially on below the hydraulic gradient line, so, can utilize the head difference execution of water to dredge.In addition, comprise the deposit of clay and scheelite, its secondary axis accounts for 70% of pipe diameter, can transmit and discharge by adding following action.In fact, we observe, the bolt made of iron that common current can not transmit
Can be transmitted by these current.
After current flowed in the discharge pipe 10 with enough speed, mud diging working began.
At first, lift unit 38 discharges suction ports 12, like this, and together with cup shell 60 free-fallings.If distance is 2m from the bottom surface on dam, then suction ports 12 reaches the bottom surface in three seconds, and if deposit is to comprise tight fine grain stiff clay, for example, wash away the silt that carrying forms, then suction ports 12 pushed the about 30cm of clay deposition layer at 0.1 second.
Because this action, suction ports 12 is closed apace, but the water discharge pipe 10 in is owing to inertia flows, and like this, a low-pressure section is created in the intersection that partly joins with high concentration, and the formation dilatational wave be transferred to the downstream.If a pipeline is to be made by hard rubber, its coefficient of elasticity is E=4GPa, and then the transmission speed of compressional wave is about 200m/sec.Owing to produce low-pressure section, so gas soluble in water separates, pressure reduces sometimes, evaporates corresponding to water temperature and water up to saturated vapour pressure, like this, the water column separation takes place and form the steam air cavity.In the situation that forms air cavity, cavitation (air cavity of pulverizing) takes place.That is, forming and pulverize bubble (air cavity) takes place simultaneously.
Side by side form and pulverize steam, and the downstream part that separates takes place in powerful two water columns that occur in.Water column separates and to occur in the downstream that each high concentration in the discharge pipe 10 partly flow continuously, and the water column separated transmission is about 20m/sec to the transmission speed in downstream.Partly transmit water column with high concentration and separate by alternately producing low concentration part, this just transmits shear wave as vertically swinging rope one end and propagates in rope, therefore, horizontal tube part 14 fluctuates along the direction across its axis as rope.The energy work done that is caused by fluctuation is flowed fluid in discharge pipe 10 (pipeline).By making 10 fluctuations of horizontal tube part, the solid that is deposited on the pipe bottom floats, and like this, solid can be transported at a distance.
Under this state, interior pipe 10 (being contained in the part of the vertical tube part 13 in the cup shell 60) moves up with respect to cup shell 60, and the compressed air of supplying carbon dioxide gas enters in the cup shell 60, then, and in supply steam is gone into.In addition, produce a negative pressure in the downstream, like this, the clay deposition thing of the high concentration that suction ports 12 has been passed (high concentration part or embolism) upwards moves in interior pipe 10 apace.Simultaneously, pipe 10 in the mud in cup shell 60 (or clear water) enters into, and compressed air and steam enter successively in pipe 10.Because this action, gas embolism forms, because density contrast generation air-lift unit state, like this, having full-bodied clay embolism can easily upwards move in vertical tube part 13.
When fluid by vertical tube part 13 and when entering in the horizontal tube 14, steam is condensed, like this, the density around it becomes bigger, then, air or carbon dioxide cohesion also form particle, particle further is dispersed in the mud.Because air forms particle and dispersion, so, can prevent gas lock.Notice that the air locking means when in the part that the flowing pressure of fluid was absorbed and was stored in the horizontal tube part 14 that is bent upwards because of the expansion and the contraction of air, and flowing of fluid takes place to block.
When dilatational wave produced, the particle of air or carbon dioxide was broken the surface tension of water, like this, water column can easily take place separate.
Next, cup shell 60 promotes (when interior pipe 10 moves up when reaching the height of a regulation, cup shell 60 is blocked device 67 and promotes).Because cup shell 60 fills with steam and compressed air, so buoyancy is to cup shell 60 works done, like this, it can easily promote and turn back to the home position.
If after cup shell 60 promotes, stop supplies steam and compressed air immediately, devaporation then, pressure be reduced to apace 0.5 atmospheric pressure or less than, like this, pressure is that 1.5 atmospheric pressure or above high pressure clear water enter apace.That is, this action is similar to and opens a valve apace, therefore, produces compression wave in discharge pipe 10.Compression wave is transferred in the discharge pipe 10.
By producing compression wave, gas embolism compresses apace, and the devaporation in the gas embolism also contains in the water, and bump in fluid, and like this, gas embolism further is compressed and pressure increases apace.At this moment, the water hammer that has the elasticity volumetric change, simultaneously, stiff collision takes place in the relative speed difference with 100m/sec between embolism, gas embolism and liquid, like this, flow (wherein, acceleration changes apace) that comprise the vibration shape of solid phase, liquid phase and gas coupling mutually produces in discharge pipe 10, and can transmit embolism effectively.
Especially, density contrast is present in the fluid of inertia, and the quick variation of acceleration (suddenly starting and stop suddenly) or collide produce pressure reduction between object like this, can be transmitted iron block.
Note, water hammer be meant can not ignore and the wherein collision that reduces of the volume of water.
By the step that repeats to fall suction ports 12 and promote suction ports, flowing liquid becomes a plug flow in discharge pipe 10, wherein, the embolism part (high concentration part) of high concentration clay and comprise the low concentration part of low concentration clay (clear water partly and the gas embolism part alternately appears comprising; The steam gas embolism is cooled off by downstream water and disappears, and like this, is pumped in the fluid of upstream).
In dilatational wave (vacuum ripple: ripple expand) and compression wave alternately appeared at low concentration part between the high concentration part, fluid flowed discharge pipe 10 in, and it flows as vibration that the brute force discharge pipe 10 in is vibrated.The high concentration clay can flow with the inner face without collision of discharge pipe 10; That is, the resistance of ducting that clay (deposit) can be low is transferred at a distance suitably.In the situation of long tube, wherein, L (length)/D (diameter) is 1000-1500, and the mean flow rate that the high concentration deposit can 1.3m/sec is discharged suitably.In one example, wherein, the hydraulic head difference is 5m, C
v=7 percents by volume, and
Mud in the pipe of L/D=100, flow owing to adhere to the mud on the inner face of pipe and the viscosity of mud, pipe is closed, like this, the flowing velocity vanishing of fluid.
A transparent part that passes through discharge pipe 10 is flowed in the brute force vibration that can observe in the discharge pipe 10, the water column separation length reaches 50cm, because the negative pressure that water column separate to produce causes fluid reflux some seconds, then, when the length of hydraulic pressure headpin becomes 0cm, by the pressure of rising upstream, accelerate to flow, its speed reaches 100m/ces, and with the mobile collision on the downstream, water column separates disappearance.That is, can see powerful vibration stream.
Relation between pipe losses and the genuine volumetric concentration (solid one after another) is shown among Fig. 9." λ " is the resistance coefficient of entire mechanism.Notice that requiring has a large amount of coefficients accurately to calculate correlation, like this, solving result is dispersed, and therefore, coefficient is brought together as " λ ", and it is a practical coefficient.Fig. 9 illustrates the sedimental result that transmission (excavation) has different solid one after anothers, and wherein, the diameter of discharge pipe is 15cm, and length is 150cm, and the hydraulic head difference is 5.0m, hydraulic gradient i=0.033.
In the situation of Newtonian fluid, fluid is with the flow rate of 3.6m/sec.
In the situation of Bingham fluid, if the characteristic action of present embodiment (moving both vertically of vertical tube part 13) is not carried out (NO PULSATION), then pipe is closed at short notice, and does not have fluid to flow in the pipe.
By carrying out the characteristic action of present embodiment, Bingham fluid can be transported and discharge to the increase of restriction resistance coefficient not only, and can transport and discharge the plastic fluid with solid one after another of 30%.
That in discharge pipe 10, occur discretely and comprise the solid phase, in the low concentration part between all embolisms of liquid phase and gas phase (comprising that water column separates), alternately produce dilatational wave (liquid or gas) and compression wave (liquid), the three-phase that causes like this stream mobile is similar to the unexpected starting of all lorrys (corresponding to the high concentration part) or stops suddenly, they are connected in series together by connector (corresponding to the low concentration part), and by on the long gradient, freely travelling downwards under the actuating of engine automobile, promptly, as the lorry that connects by the starting under the effect of the little energy that stretching, extension and compression produced of many connectors or stopping, the effect of the little energy that the horizontal component by the gravity that decomposed by the gradient and the effect (enhancement effect) of little inertia produce, under the situation that does not have precipitation and deposition, it is mobile towards discharging port discharge pipe 10 in to have low speed or average speed that full-bodied high concentration fluid can 1.3m/sec.
According to measured value as can be known, square being directly proportional of the wearing and tearing of pipe and flow velocity is so the durable life-span of entire mechanism is multiplied several times significantly.
As mentioned above, the steam of cohesion contains in water.On the other hand, a part of compressed air is dissolved in the water, but most of compressed air is dispersed in the inner face of discharge pipe 10 and as in the thin fluid layer between the solid of particle (micro-balloon), and discharges together in company with fluid.Because in the thin fluid layer of air dispersion on the inner face that adheres to discharge pipe 10, so, further reduce the resistance of pipe, like this, fluid can preferably be discharged.In using the situation of carbon dioxide as Compressed Gas, the gas of high pressure is dissolved in the water; The gas effervesce of low pressure like this, can easily produce the flowing of vibration shape of coupling.
Even deposit is hard and full-bodied deposit, they by the compression high concentration, its solid one after another is about 30% wash away the silt that forms and form, and also can easily discharge such deposit.
Compressed air and the steam supplying and stop to provide from part 73 and 74 are controlled by the electromagnetic valve (not shown), and the timing that the timing of actuating electromagnetic valve moves both vertically corresponding to suction ports 12, or actuating comprises the timing of the lift unit 38 of crane.
The boss (not shown) is formed on the inner face of discharge pipe 10 spirally to form rib (boss and depression alternately form as helix), fluid rotates to reduce the resistance of embolism, just as the bullet of rifle, advance rotationally after its igniting emission, like this, deposit can successfully be discharged.The section area of pipe changes by dilatational wave, and the variation of section area (spin effect) go back accelerating fluid rotation (rotating speed of embolism by section area reduce obtain quickening, like this, the shear rate difference between fluid and the layer becomes bigger).
By occurring in air pocket and the water hammer in the fluid, the power of damaging discharge pipe 10 becomes big.Prevent that device that discharge pipe 10 damages and the durability that improves mechanism from being described with reference to Fig. 7 and 8.
Basically, discharge pipe 10 is made by organic elastomeric material, and it has enough coefficient of elasticity " E ", and for example, E=4Gpa like this, self absorbs the power of damaging discharge pipe 10 by discharge pipe 10.
At diameter is that preferably, pipe is formed by the rubber tile of screw winding in the situation of 100cm or above discharge pipe 10, and rubber tile forms trapezoid block, and its external surface is strengthened with iron plate (see figure 10).
In Fig. 7, label 80 is represented a buoyancy aid, and it is arranged to one between the vertical tube part 13 of discharge pipe 10 and the sweep between the horizontal tube part 14, and it gives discharge pipe 10 with buoyancy.Buoyancy aid 80 is connected to compressed air supply section 74 on ship 36 by a pipeline 81, with supply compressed air.
The concrete example of one pressure absorption portion 82 is shown among Fig. 8.
In this example, the structure of pressure absorption portion 82 is similar to the structure of doughnut.
The maintenance circle that label 84 representatives are made by metal (for example, steel), and discharge pipe 10 passes maintenance circle 84.Keep circle 84 to be fixed on the outer circumference surface of discharge pipe 10 by suitable device.Keep circle 84 to be communicated with airtightly with the interior space of discharge pipe 10 by path 85.
Compressed air and steam are fed to outer tube 86 by a valve 88 and a flexible pipe 89 that keeps circle 84.The outer tube 82 of three pressure absorption portion 82 interconnects by flexible pipe 89, and compressed air and steam are fed to the outer tube 86 of the pressure absorption portion 82 that is positioned on the right-hand member by dual pipe 75 as shown in Figure 6.Dual pipe 75 is communicated with steam supply section 73 and compressed air supply section 74 on being arranged on ship 90 by pipeline.
One valve 92 of the valve 91 of compressed air by keeping circle 84, interior pipe 87, be communicated to flexible pipe and flexible pipe 93 on all valves, pipe 87 in being fed to.Flexible pipe 93 is communicated with compressed air supply section 95 on being arranged on ship 90.The interior pipe 87 of three pressure absorption portion 82 interconnects by flexible pipe 96.
Pressure in the interior pipe 87 and the mutual balance of pressure in the outer tube 86 be out of shape to prevent outer tube 86, but interior pipe 87 can be left in the basket.
In dilatational wave is created in discharge pipe 10 and pressure when reducing, compressed air and steam enter in the discharge pipe 10 by hole 85, like this, can prevent the quick distortion of discharge pipe 10.When sizable stone 97 flows into discharge pipe 10, supply steam in discharge pipe 10 is compressed, and pressure reduces, like this, the separation of low pressure water column is easy to take place on the downstream that stone 97 flows, comprise easily solid phase, liquid mutually and the vibration shape of gas coupling mutually mobile, embolism and stone can transport effectively.
In compression wave is created in discharge pipe 10 and pressure when increasing, water enters outer tube 86 to absorb the pressure of quick increase, like this, can prevent the quick distortion of discharge pipe 10.
By pressure absorption portion 82, even air pocket and water hammer take place in fluid, the change of pressure also can be absorbed by pressure absorption portion 82, like this, can keep transmitting the pulse state of solid, and can limit discharge pipe 10 is damaged.
Because pressure absorption portion 82 is as a buoyancy aid, so by suitably they being arranged on the discharge pipe 10, horizontal tube part 14 can easily be positioned at below the hydraulic gradient line.
The structure of pressure absorption portion 82 is not limited to above-mentioned structure.For example, it can be simple buoyancy aid, and by suitable device (for example, path, pipeline), buoyancy aid is communicated with the inner space of discharge pipe 10, and it can absorb the variation of the interior pressure of discharge pipe 10.
When flood took place, if powerful mighty torrent (for example, 3m/sec or more than) occurs in the water that is stored on the dam in, then discharge pipe 10 was sometimes by big destructive power damage.
In this case, preferably, whole discharge pipe 10 fully sinks at the bottom of the dam.
Send a suspension strop from ship 36, also send pipe 75,81 and 93, gas is discharged from buoyancy aid 80 and pressure absorption portion 82, so that at the bottom of discharge pipe 10 sunk to the dam.Slower near the current at the bottom of the dam, like this, can prevent the damage of discharge pipe 10.
In the present embodiment, dredging is deposited on deposit in the dam, but the present invention is not limited to excavates deposit from the dam.Certainly, by in the suction side with discharge between the side and formulate water-head (pressure differential), this mechanism also can be applicable to from the pond, lake and marine excavation deposit.
In another embodiment, by the cabin bath is discharged coal or ore together with water as described above, with this, coal or ore can transport from freighter, that is, this mechanism can be applicable to be used for transporting stored object to local in addition mechanism.
As mentioned above, mechanism can transport
Iron block, therefore, this mechanism of acceleration change fast takes place in pipe can be applicable to be used for gathering mechanism such as the useful materials of methane hydrate from the deep-sea.
Flow with the vibration shape of gas coupling mutually mutually owing to comprise solid phase, liquid, so this mechanism can preferably be applied to be used for carried of crude oil to system at a distance.
Pressure changes by opening and closing in the pipe that pipe causes fast apace, be similar to the pulsation of heart, therefore, dilatational wave in the suction ports can be applicable to artificial heart, be used for transmitting red blood cell and blood platelet in the blood, the deformability and the hematoblastic coherency of other mechanism actuatable (excitation) haemocyte.
Below described all preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiment, under the prerequisite that does not depart from spirit of the present invention, allows to make many different remodeling.
In the present invention, dilatational wave (low-pressure section) forms liquid or gas: vacuum ripple and compression wave alternately appear in the low concentration part between the embolism that produces in the efferent duct that has separation, and comprise the solid phase, the vibration shape of the coupling of liquid phase and gas phase (comprising that water column separates) flows, be similar to the unexpected starting of all lorrys (corresponding to the high concentration part) or stop suddenly, they are connected in series together by connector (corresponding to the low concentration part), therefore, fluid with full-bodied high concentration can the length in transfer tube flow apart from interior by means of little energy, and (hydraulic head is poor by gravity for this little energy; Pressure differential) and the enhancement effect of little inertia produce, just as the lorry of connection by the starting under the effect of the little energy that stretching, extension and compression produced of many connectors that comprise spring or stopping.
Claims (16)
1. a deposit transport establishment comprises:
One transfer tube, it has a suction ports, suction ports is opened wide and towards the bottom surface of the reservoir of deposit precipitation, one vertical tube part, it extends vertically upward from suction ports, one horizontal tube part, its from the upper water level land of vertical tube part along extending laterally to a discharge section that highly is lower than the reservoir water surface, described horizontal tube partially liq passes the embankment hole of a reservoir hermetically, it highly is lower than the reservoir water level, remains in the water of reservoir, to be positioned at below the hydraulic gradient line, and, in the circulation of regulation, vertically move so that suction ports shifts near and away the bottom surface of reservoir by a lift unit;
One cup shell, it is arranged on the suction ports of described transfer tube, and described cup shell has the bottom that a suction ports can move up and down therein;
One supply steam enters into the steam supply section in the described cup shell; And
One compressed gas supplying enters into the Compressed Gas supply section in the described cup shell.
2. deposit as claimed in claim 1 transport establishment, it is characterized in that, when suction ports moves down together with cup shell, and enter in the bottom surface of water, when closing suction ports apace, by the inertia of the fluid in the described transfer tube, the pressure in the suction ports descends, produce dilatational wave, in the low concentration part of the described transfer tube that begins from suction ports, cause water column to separate;
When suction ports moves up with respect to described cup-like portion, be introduced in the suction ports at the high concentration deposit on the bottom and the water in described cup shell, steam and Compressed Gas, comprise that sedimental embolism of high concentration and gas embolism upwards move in the vertical tube part, high concentration part in suction ports is sucked as embolism, a spot of Compressed Gas is fed in the described cup shell from described Compressed Gas supply section, and volume is fed in the described cup shell from described steam supply section greater than the steam of the volume of Compressed Gas; And
In described transfer tube, produce one and comprise that solid phase, liquid are mutually and the flowing of the vibration shape of gas coupling mutually, so that open the step of suction ports apace by the step and that repeats to promote described cup shell, deposit is transferred to discharge section, in lifting step, stop supplies steam and Compressed Gas, with the steam in the noncondensing gas embolism, and reduce the volume of gas embolism, in opening steps, clear water is introduced in the suction ports, with the pressure in the increase suction ports, and the generation compression wave condenses the water column separation.
3. deposit as claimed in claim 1 transport establishment is characterized in that, described compressed air supply section supply compressed air or compression arbon dioxide gas.
4. deposit as claimed in claim 2 transport establishment is characterized in that, described compressed air supply section supply compressed air or compression arbon dioxide gas.
5. deposit as claimed in claim 1 transport establishment, it is characterized in that, also comprise and float over the ship on the water surface in the reservoir, wherein, suspension unit hangs described transfer tube, and lift unit is used for vertically moving described transfer tube, thereby in the circulation of regulation, mobile suction ports near and move apart the bottom surface of reservoir, described steam supply section and described Compressed Gas supply section are arranged on the described ship.
6. deposit as claimed in claim 2 transport establishment, it is characterized in that, also comprise and float over the ship on the water surface in the reservoir, wherein, suspension unit hangs described transfer tube, and lift unit is used for vertically moving described transfer tube, thereby in the circulation of regulation, mobile suction ports near and move apart the bottom surface of reservoir, described steam supply section and described Compressed Gas supply section are arranged on the described ship.
7. deposit as claimed in claim 3 transport establishment, it is characterized in that, also comprise and float over the ship on the water surface in the reservoir, wherein, suspension unit hangs described transfer tube, and lift unit is used for vertically moving described transfer tube, thereby in the circulation of regulation, mobile suction ports near and move apart the bottom surface of reservoir, described steam supply section and described Compressed Gas supply section are arranged on the described ship.
8. deposit as claimed in claim 4 transport establishment, it is characterized in that, also comprise and float over the ship on the water surface in the reservoir, wherein, suspension unit hangs described transfer tube, and lift unit is used for vertically moving described transfer tube, thereby in the circulation of regulation, mobile suction ports near and move apart the bottom surface of reservoir, described steam supply section and described Compressed Gas supply section are arranged on the described ship.
9. deposit as claimed in claim 1 transport establishment is characterized in that, also comprises a pressure absorption portion that is communicated with described transfer tube, and the pressure that described pressure absorption portion can absorb in the described transfer tube changes.
10. deposit as claimed in claim 2 transport establishment is characterized in that, also comprises a pressure absorption portion that is communicated with described transfer tube, and the pressure that described pressure absorption portion can absorb in the described transfer tube changes.
11. deposit as claimed in claim 5 transport establishment is characterized in that, also comprises a pressure absorption portion that is communicated with described transfer tube, the pressure that described pressure absorption portion can absorb in the described transfer tube changes.
12. one kind is used for transporting sedimental method in the mechanism, this mechanism comprises a transfer tube, it has a suction ports, suction ports is opened wide and towards the bottom surface of the reservoir of deposit precipitation, one vertical tube part, it extends vertically upward from suction ports, one horizontal tube part, its from the upper water level land of vertical tube part along extending laterally to a discharge section that highly is lower than the reservoir water surface, described horizontal tube partially liq passes the embankment hole of a reservoir hermetically, it highly is lower than the reservoir water level, remain in the water of reservoir, being positioned at below the hydraulic gradient line, and, in the circulation of regulation, vertically move so that suction ports shifts near and away the bottom surface of reservoir by a lift unit; One cup shell is arranged on the suction ports place of described transfer tube, and described cup shell has the bottom that a suction ports can move up and down therein;
One supply steam enters into the steam supply section in the described cup shell; And one compressed gas supplying enter into Compressed Gas supply section in the described cup shell, described method comprises following all steps:
Together with the mobile suction ports of described cup shell, in suction ports is manoeuvred into water-bed face, to close suction ports apace, inertia by the fluid in the described delivery tube, reduce the pressure in the suction ports, produce dilatational wave, in the low concentration part of the described transfer tube that begins from suction ports, cause water column to separate;
Suction ports moves up with respect to described cup shell, in suction ports, to aspirate high concentration part as embolism, a spot of Compressed Gas is fed in the described cup shell from described Compressed Gas supply section, volume is fed in the described cup shell from described steam supply section greater than the steam of the volume of Compressed Gas, and makes and comprise that the sedimental embolism of high concentration and gas embolism are upwards mobile in the vertical tube part; And
The step and one that repeats to promote described cup shell is opened the step of suction ports apace, in lifting step, stop supplies steam and Compressed Gas, with the steam in the noncondensing gas embolism, and reduce the volume of gas embolism, in opening steps, clear water is introduced in the suction ports, to increase the pressure in the suction ports, and the generation compression wave condenses the water column separation, thereby generation one comprises the fluid of the vibration shape of solid phase, liquid phase and gas coupling mutually in described transfer tube, so that deposit is transferred to discharge section.
13. method as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, described Compressed Gas supply section supply air or compressed carbon dioxide gas.
14. method as claimed in claim 13, it is characterized in that, described mechanism also comprises and floats over the ship on the water surface in the reservoir, wherein, suspension unit hangs described transfer tube, and lift unit is used for vertically moving described transfer tube, with in the circulation of regulation, mobile suction ports near and move apart the bottom surface of reservoir, described steam supply section and described Compressed Gas supply section are arranged on the described ship.
15. method as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, also comprises a pressure absorption portion that is communicated with described transfer tube, the pressure that described pressure absorption portion can absorb in the described transfer tube changes.
16. method as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that, also comprises a pressure absorption portion that is communicated with described transfer tube, the pressure that described pressure absorption portion can absorb in the described transfer tube changes.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002334274A JP3694503B2 (en) | 2002-11-18 | 2002-11-18 | Deposit transport mechanism and deposit transport method |
| JP334274/2002 | 2002-11-18 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1602379A true CN1602379A (en) | 2005-03-30 |
| CN1259487C CN1259487C (en) | 2006-06-14 |
Family
ID=32321723
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB038007150A Expired - Fee Related CN1259487C (en) | 2002-11-18 | 2003-06-12 | Deposit conveying mechanism and deposit conveying method |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20050076545A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3694503B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100574133B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1259487C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2003242358A1 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW200413607A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2004046466A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200405168B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103484892A (en) * | 2012-06-12 | 2014-01-01 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Ladle aluminum suction mouth for three-layer-liquid refined aluminum tank |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4875461B2 (en) * | 2006-11-06 | 2012-02-15 | 株式会社小島組 | Dredge equipment |
| KR100702655B1 (en) * | 2007-03-09 | 2007-04-09 | 이원규 | I display earth and sand sludge dredging discharge chapter in the sewage box which possessed an oil pressure-type dual transportation screw |
| JP5614654B2 (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2014-10-29 | 清水建設株式会社 | Drainage method for dam sedimentation |
| TW201831758A (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2018-09-01 | 黃國彰 | Reservoir sectional decompression dredging apparatus including a connecting pipe, an upper extending pipe, a water blocking gate and a dredging control unit |
| FR3081893B1 (en) * | 2018-06-02 | 2020-05-08 | Kindh | SEDIMENTARY TRANSIT DEVICE FOR HYDRAULIC WORK |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3753303A (en) * | 1970-11-10 | 1973-08-21 | Klein Schanzlin & Becker Ag | Apparatus for hydraulically raising ore and other materials |
| US4296970A (en) * | 1980-02-15 | 1981-10-27 | Hodges Everett L | Hydraulic mining tool apparatus |
| JPS627427U (en) * | 1985-06-26 | 1987-01-17 | ||
| US4854058A (en) * | 1987-05-08 | 1989-08-08 | Sloan Pump Company, Inc. | Dredging apparatus having a diver-operated hand-held dredge head for quasi-closed loop system |
| US4807373A (en) * | 1987-05-08 | 1989-02-28 | Sloan Pump Company, Inc. | Loop circuit dredging apparatus |
| JPH01315514A (en) * | 1988-01-22 | 1989-12-20 | Senji Oigawa | Dredging method for dam and device thereof |
| US4839061A (en) * | 1988-06-13 | 1989-06-13 | Manchak Frank | Method and apparatus for treatment of hazardous material spills |
| US5083386A (en) * | 1989-06-06 | 1992-01-28 | Albert H. Sloan | Apparatus and method for forming a crater in material beneath a body of water |
| JP3103198B2 (en) * | 1992-05-21 | 2000-10-23 | 喜久雄 橋本 | Sludge discharge device and dredging system using the same |
| US5428908A (en) * | 1993-03-09 | 1995-07-04 | Kerfoot; William B. | Apparatus and method for subsidence deepening |
| US5487228A (en) * | 1994-03-16 | 1996-01-30 | Brooklyn Union Gas | Material transfer apparatus and method |
| US5598647A (en) * | 1994-03-16 | 1997-02-04 | Brooklyn Union Gas | Material transfer apparatus and method |
| JPH11324008A (en) * | 1998-05-18 | 1999-11-26 | Jdc Corp | Removing method for sediment in dam |
| JP3277489B2 (en) * | 1999-12-09 | 2002-04-22 | 信州大学長 | Sediment discharge mechanism for water storage area and method for discharging sediment from water storage area |
| KR100448650B1 (en) * | 2000-12-18 | 2004-09-13 | 이종경 | A removal system of deposit in rivers used an inhaler |
-
2002
- 2002-11-18 JP JP2002334274A patent/JP3694503B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-06-12 WO PCT/JP2003/007517 patent/WO2004046466A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-06-12 KR KR1020047010721A patent/KR100574133B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-06-12 AU AU2003242358A patent/AU2003242358A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-06-12 US US10/500,979 patent/US20050076545A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-06-12 CN CNB038007150A patent/CN1259487C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-11-11 TW TW092131600A patent/TW200413607A/en unknown
-
2004
- 2004-06-29 ZA ZA200405168A patent/ZA200405168B/en unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103484892A (en) * | 2012-06-12 | 2014-01-01 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Ladle aluminum suction mouth for three-layer-liquid refined aluminum tank |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20050076545A1 (en) | 2005-04-14 |
| WO2004046466A1 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
| CN1259487C (en) | 2006-06-14 |
| ZA200405168B (en) | 2006-05-31 |
| TW200413607A (en) | 2004-08-01 |
| KR100574133B1 (en) | 2006-04-26 |
| KR20040101995A (en) | 2004-12-03 |
| JP2004169337A (en) | 2004-06-17 |
| AU2003242358A8 (en) | 2004-06-15 |
| JP3694503B2 (en) | 2005-09-14 |
| AU2003242358A1 (en) | 2004-06-15 |
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