CN1597508A - Metod of preparing calcium carbide using waste slay in scety lith production process - Google Patents
Metod of preparing calcium carbide using waste slay in scety lith production process Download PDFInfo
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- CN1597508A CN1597508A CNA2004100405767A CN200410040576A CN1597508A CN 1597508 A CN1597508 A CN 1597508A CN A2004100405767 A CNA2004100405767 A CN A2004100405767A CN 200410040576 A CN200410040576 A CN 200410040576A CN 1597508 A CN1597508 A CN 1597508A
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Abstract
A process for preparing calcium cabide from the dregs generated in production of calcium carbide by the heat energy of the liquid-state calcium carbide discharged from calcium carbide furnace includes such steps as proportionally mixing calcium oxide with carbon, grinding, loading in the container able to be carbonized, and throwing the container in said molten calcium carbide.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of calcium carbide, in particular to a method for producing calcium carbide by using waste slag in the calcium carbide production process as a raw material and utilizing heat energy of liquid calcium carbide discharged from a calcium carbide furnace.
Background
In the production process of calcium carbide, calcium carbide furnace burden mainly comprises quicklime and coke, and calcium carbide is generated after heating reaction, and the reaction equation is as follows:
in the production process of calcium carbide, a large amount of consumption is neededThe heat energy is obtained by converting electric energy, so a large amount of electric energy is consumed, about 3500kwh of electric energy is consumed for producing one ton of calcium carbide, and the consumed electric energy is greatly higher than the theoretical value 1630kwh/tCaC of calcium carbide production2. The melting point of calcium carbide is 2300 deg.C, and the melting point is reduced due to the inclusion of about 20% of impurities. And the calculation is carried out according to the reported value of the book of reprinting calcium carbide production and deep processing products of chemical industry press publication in 2001: 53.4% of the electric energy, namely 1870KWH, is wasted in the production process. In particular to liquid calcium carbide in a molten state when discharged from a furnace, the temperature is up to 2120 ℃, the temperature is up to 1650 ℃ when reaching to the complete solidification temperature, and the temperature difference is up to 470 ℃. This not only wastes energy, but also extends the cooling cycle of the calcium carbide. In order to exploit the potential, a part of high-temperature heat energy of liquid calcium carbide is fully utilized, and the part of latent heat of the liquid calcium carbide is used for producing steamHowever, this greatly increases the investment and cannot reduce the energy consumption for calcium carbide production.
In addition, in the production process of the calcium carbide, most of raw materials used are quicklime and coke, and the traditional process is to crush the quicklime and the coke into 5-30mm in size, then screen out the quicklime with the diameter of more than 5mm and the coke with the diameter of more than 3mm as raw materials, screen out the quicklime with the diameter of less than 5mm and the coke with the diameter of less than 3mm as waste slag, and remove the waste slag by screening, wherein the waste slag accounts for about 15% of the total amount. Coke powder is generally sold at a low price, lime powder is generally stacked, and the lime powder has strong alkalinity, so that environmental pollution is caused. In order to utilize waste calcium carbide slag, the Chinese patent office discloses a production method of calcium carbide with the publication number of 1095750: the method comprises the steps of proportioning a powdered carbon raw material and a quicklime raw material according to a certain proportion, uniformly spraying a small part of the amount of the quicklime to be added into a furnace, uniformly mixing the rest of the quicklime raw material and the powdered carbon raw material into the furnace, and carrying out production by closed-arc operation, wherein the method has the biggest problem that air cannot be well exhausted, and ventilation pipelines are easily blocked and environment pollution is easily caused; some methods are characterized in that after the raw ash powder and the coke powder are prepared, a layer of mixture is paved in an electric arc furnace before calcium carbide is produced, so that the aim of saving raw materials is fulfilled, however, the method has very limited waste calcium carbide slag and cannot fundamentally solve the problem;
before the invention is put forward, technicians in the field of calcium carbide production are always troubled by the two technical problems, how to simultaneously solve the two problems by adopting one technical scheme becomes a greater technical problem in the technical field, and no feasible technical scheme is put forward so far.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for producing calcium carbide by using waste slag in the calcium carbide production process as a raw material and utilizing the latent heat of liquid calcium carbide.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
through careful study on the production process of calcium carbide, the temperature of liquid calcium carbide discharged from a calcium carbide discharging pot is 2120 ℃, the freezing point is 1650 ℃, and a large amount of heat needs to be released in the process of naturally cooling the liquid calcium carbide into solid calcium carbide, wherein the heat comprises two aspects, namely, the heat released by the liquid calcium carbide when the temperature of the liquid calcium carbide is lowered from 2120 ℃ to 1650 ℃, and the liquid calcium carbide is not solidified; the second is the phase transformation heat released from liquid calcium carbide at 1650 ℃ to solid calcium carbide at 1650 ℃. The inventor finds that the maximum heat available value in the calcium carbide discharging pot is phase change heat which almost accounts for more than 50% of the whole heat available value and is stable and unchangeable; meanwhile, it has been found that when the temperature is over 1650 ℃, the quicklime and the coke react to form calcium carbide, that is, the temperature condition provided by the liquid calcium carbide just discharged from the furnace can meet the requirement ofcalcium carbide reaction.
Based on this, the present inventors considered using the waste slag from the production of calcium carbide, but these powdered quicklime and coke could not be directly added to the liquid calcium carbide, because these powdered raw materials easily cause the clogging of the exhaust passage and the environmental pollution, and could not be industrially implemented. Therefore, it must be pretreated, but must be guaranteed to react sufficiently in the liquid calcium carbide, and the following method is obtained through a large number of experiments:
firstly, mixing powdery calcium oxide and carbon raw materials in proportion to obtain a mixture, then grinding the mixture into powdery materials with the diameter of 0.3-0.01mm, then filling the mixture into a container capable of being carbonized, finally putting the container capable of being carbonized containing the mixture into molten calcium carbide just taken out of a calcium carbide pot in the calcium carbide pot to react to generate new calcium carbide, and releasing carbon monoxide to burn by heat to generate dark red flame.
Wherein the particle size of the calcium oxide is 0.5-5 mm; the grain diameter of the carbon raw material is less than 5 mm;
in the process of discharging from the heating furnace, after a reaction mixture consisting of calcium oxide packaged by a carbonizable container and a carbon raw material is added into liquid calcium carbide, the liquid calcium carbide is uniformly mixed and heated through the flow and convection of the liquid calcium carbide, when the temperature is higher than about 1650 ℃, the carbonizable container is rapidly carbonized, and simultaneously the mixture in the liquid calcium carbide is reacted to generate calcium carbide, wherein the reaction is obviously capable of being carried out because the temperature range of the molten calcium carbide just discharged from the calcium carbide pot is 2120-1650 ℃, which is in accordance with the reaction condition of the calcium carbide.
Meanwhile, the inventor also considers that the weight and the temperature reduction of the molten calcium carbide just taken out of the calcium carbide pot are limited, so the heat quantity released by the calcium carbide pot is also constant, that is, the weight of the added reaction mixture consisting of the calcium oxide and the carbon raw material is also within a certain range, and through a large number of experiments, the inventor finds that the weight of the added reaction mixture consisting of the calcium oxide and the carbon raw material is ensured to be within 15 percent of the total weight of the molten calcium carbide just taken out of the calcium carbide pot, and if the added quantity exceeds the value, the reaction mixture consisting of the calcium oxide and the carbon raw material cannot be completely reacted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
firstly, the waste slag generated in the production of calcium carbide is used as a raw material, so that the purpose of waste utilization is achieved, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the production cost is indirectly reduced by about 10%; secondly, the latent heat of the calcium carbide in a molten state is fully utilized, so that on one hand, energy is saved, on the other hand, the cooling time of the liquid calcium carbide is shortened, and from the industrial point of view, the method can add mixed raw materials in each production process, and has more superiority in continuous production operation, so that the process for producing the calcium carbide is perfected; more importantly, the invention organically combines the technologies of waste utilization and energy saving, greatly reduces the production cost,and has particularly important significance in production practice.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Examples 1 to 5
Firstly, crushing waste calcium oxide and carbon raw materials into 5-30mm, preparing a mixture by using the calcium oxide with the diameter of more than 5mm and the carbon raw material with the diameter of more than 3mm according to the molar ratio of the calcium oxide to the carbon raw materials of 1: 3, adding the mixture into a calcium carbide furnace for heating reaction, and discharging the mixture into a calcium carbide pot when the generated calcium carbide is molten;
according to the method, firstly, waste calcium oxide of 5-0.5mm and carbon raw materials of less than 5mm are added and mixed according to the molar ratio of 1: 3, the mixture is crushed to 0.3-0.01mm and is mixed uniformly, then the uniformly mixed powder is filled into a container capable of being carbonized, finally the container capable of being carbonized and filled with the mixture is directly put into liquid molten calcium carbide which flows out of a calcium carbide pot and is just taken out of the furnace, the powder in the container is mixed uniformly and is heated through the flowing and convection of the liquid calcium carbide, the temperature range of the liquid molten calcium carbide is 2120-. The technical parameters relating to each example are shown in table 1.
Comparative examples 1 to 5
Firstly, crushing calcium oxide and carbon raw materials into 5-30mm, preparing a mixture by using the calcium oxide with the diameter of more than5mm and the carbon raw materials with the diameter of more than 3mm according to the proportion of 1: 3 of the calcium oxide to the carbon raw materials, adding the mixture into a calcium carbide furnace for heating reaction, discharging when the generated calcium carbide becomes molten, naturally cooling, and solidifying the liquid molten calcium carbide. The technical parameters relating to each comparative example are shown in table 1.
To illustrate the clear advantages of the invention after its practice compared to its practice, the examples and comparative examples are combined and compared, see Table 2.
Table 1: tables of parameters for examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-5
| Raw materials | Mixing Material granule Diameter of a pipe (mm) | Can be carbon Cosmetic container Equipment Material | Container with a lid Content Weight of material Measurement of (gram) | Calcium carbide pot In the molten state Heavy calcium carbide Volume (kilogram) | Adding into electricity Stone pot Block-shaped object Weight of (2) (kilogram) | Calcium carbide pot Temperature range (℃) | ||||
| Oxidation by oxygen Calcium carbonate | Particle size (mm) | Carbon element Raw materials | Particle size (mm) | |||||||
| Practice of Example 1 | Oxidation by oxygen Calcium carbonate | ＞0.5 ＜5 | Coke | ＜5 | ＜0.1 | Polyethylene Alkene(s) | ＞3 | 800 | 120 | 2120-1650 |
| Practice of Example 2 | Oxidation by oxygen Calcium carbonate | ＞0.5 ＜5 | Forge white Coal (coal) | ＜5 | ＜0.2 | Polypropylene (PP) Alkene(s) | 30 | 800 | 100 | 2120-1650 |
| Practice of Example 3 | Oxidation by oxygen Calcium carbonate | ＞0.5 ＜5 | Smokeless Coal (coal) | ＜5 | ＜0.3 | Polyvinyl chloride Ethylene | 100 | 800 | 80 | 2120-1650 |
| Practice of Example 4 | Oxidation by oxygen Calcium carbonate | ＞0.5 ＜5 | Semi coke | ＜5 | ＜0.1 | Paper quality Package (I) | 300 | 800 | 60 | 2120-1650 |
| Practice of Example 5 | Oxidation by oxygen Calcium carbonate | ＞0.5 ＜5 | Mixing Carbon element | ＜5 | ＜0.3 | Cloth quality Package (I) | 500 | 800 | 40 | 2120-1650 |
| Comparison of Example 1 | Oxidation by oxygen Calcium carbonate | 5-30 | Carbon element | 3-30 | ＞3 ＜30 | 800 | 0 | 2120-1650 | ||
| Comparison of Example 2 | Oxidation by oxygen Calcium carbonate | 5-30 | Carbon element | 3-30 | ＞3 ＜30 | 800 | 0 | 2120-1650 | ||
| Comparison of Example 3 | Oxidation by oxygen Calcium carbonate | 5-30 | Carbon element | 3-30 | ＞3 ＜30 | 800 | 0 | 2120-1650 | ||
| Comparison of Example 4 | Oxidation by oxygen Calcium carbonate | 5-30 | Carbon element | 3-30 | ＞3 ＜30 | 800 | 0 | 2120-1650 | ||
| Comparison of Example 5 | Oxidation by oxygen Calcium carbonate | 5-30 | Carbon element | 3-30 | ＞3 ＜30 | 800 | 0 | 2120-1650 |
Table 2: comprehensive effect comparison table of examples and comparative examples
| To pair Ratio of Example (b) | Ton CaC2Consumption unit CaO (kilogram) | Generating CaO reject Slag (kilogram) | Ton CaC2Consuming carbon Vegetable (kilogram) | Generating carbon powder (kilogram) | Production of calcium carbide (kilogram) | Ton of calcium carbide consumes power Volume (kwh) |
| 1000 | 150 | 730 | 110 | 1000 | 3350 | |
| Fruit of Chinese wolfberry Applying (a) to Example (b) | Ton CaC2Consumption unit CaO (kilogram) | Generating CaO reject Slag (kilogram) | Ton CaC2Consuming carbon Vegetable (kilogram) | Generating carbon powder (kilogram) | Production of calcium carbide (kilogram) | Ton of calcium carbide consumes power Volume (kwh) |
| 1015 | 75 | 730 | 48 | 1081 | 3099 |
It can be seen that, compared with the comparative example, the embodiment not only increases the unit yield, but also makes full use of the waste calcium oxide and the carbon raw material, and simultaneously makes full use of the large amount of heat released in the process of naturally cooling the liquid calcium carbide into the solid calcium carbide, so that the unit cost for producing the calcium carbide is greatly reduced.
Claims (5)
1. The method for preparing calcium carbide by adopting waste slag in the calcium carbide production process comprises the steps of firstly mixing powdery calcium oxide and a carbon raw material according to the proportion of 1: 3 to obtain a mixture, and is characterized in that the mixture is ground into powdery materials with the diameter of 0.3-0.01mm, then the mixture is filled into a container capable of being carbonized, the amount of the mixed powder in the container is controlled to be about 3-500 g, and finally the container capable of being carbonized and filled with the mixture is put into molten calcium carbide just taken out of a calcium carbide pot to obtain newly generated calcium carbide.
2. The method for preparing calcium carbide by using waste slag in the calcium carbide production process according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of calcium oxide is 0.5-5 mm; the grain size of the carbon raw material is less than 5 mm.
3. The method for preparing calcium carbide from waste slag in the calcium carbide production process according to claim 1, wherein the carbonizable container is made of any one of paper, fiber and plastic.
4. The method for preparing calcium carbide from the waste slag generated in the calcium carbide production process as recited in claim 1, wherein the temperature range of the molten calcium carbide just taken out of the calcium carbide pot is 2120-1650 ℃.
5. The method for preparing calcium carbide by using waste slag in the calcium carbide production process according to claim 1, wherein the weight of the container filled with the mixture put into the calcium carbide pot is less than 15% of the total weight of the calcium carbide in a molten state in the calcium carbide pot.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102701205A (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2012-10-03 | 新疆中泰化学（集团）股份有限公司 | Method for repairing and recycling calcium carbide pot |
| CN104328279A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-02-04 | 北京华福神雾工业炉有限公司 | Method of performing carbon thermal reduction by use of waste heat of melt |
| CN104445199A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-03-25 | 北京华福神雾工业炉有限公司 | Method and system for performing carbon thermal reduction by using waste heat of melt |
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2004
- 2004-08-31 CN CNB2004100405767A patent/CN1273379C/en active Active
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102701205A (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2012-10-03 | 新疆中泰化学（集团）股份有限公司 | Method for repairing and recycling calcium carbide pot |
| CN102701205B (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2014-06-25 | 新疆中泰化学（集团）股份有限公司 | Method for repairing and recycling calcium carbide pot |
| CN104328279A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-02-04 | 北京华福神雾工业炉有限公司 | Method of performing carbon thermal reduction by use of waste heat of melt |
| CN104445199A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-03-25 | 北京华福神雾工业炉有限公司 | Method and system for performing carbon thermal reduction by using waste heat of melt |
| CN104328279B (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2018-08-21 | 洪阳冶化工程科技有限公司 | The method for carrying out carbon thermal reduction using melt waste heat |
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Owner name: YIBIN TIANYUAN GROUP CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: PINGSHAN TIANYUAN CHEMICAL JINSHI CO.LTD. Effective date: 20080321 |
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Effective date of registration: 20080321 Address after: Jiangbei District, Yibin City, Sichuan Province Patentee after: YiBin TianYuan Group Co., Ltd. Address before: Pingshan County of Sichuan province Jinsha Industrial Park Patentee before: Pingshan Tianyuan Jinshi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. |