CN1587640A - Method and device for sea natural gas hydrate production and drilling - Google Patents

Method and device for sea natural gas hydrate production and drilling Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1587640A
CN1587640A CNA2004100515413A CN200410051541A CN1587640A CN 1587640 A CN1587640 A CN 1587640A CN A2004100515413 A CNA2004100515413 A CN A2004100515413A CN 200410051541 A CN200410051541 A CN 200410051541A CN 1587640 A CN1587640 A CN 1587640A
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China
Prior art keywords
drilling
layer
hydrate
gas hydrates
exploitation
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CNA2004100515413A
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冯自平
郝永卯
黄冲
肖睿
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Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of CAS
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Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of CAS
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Priority to CNA2004100515413A priority Critical patent/CN1587640A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B41/00Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
    • E21B41/0099Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00 specially adapted for drilling for or production of natural hydrate or clathrate gas reservoirs; Drilling through or monitoring of formations containing gas hydrates or clathrates

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a kind of new-type marine natural gas hydrate drilling device and method which uses methods including drilling device of three layers fluid circulation passway to mine the hydrate layers. Among them, the first layer is the drilling rod of is hollow in order to produce high-speed efflux, the second is the annular space between drilling rod and sleeve pipe in order to channel into the sea water, the third layer is the annular space between sleeve pipe and stratum well eyes and borehole wall in order to channel out the mixture of hydrate, silt and water. The drilling device and method needs simple equipment, operates easily, can realize the high-efficient exploitation, and solved the problem of the existing technique that lacks of proper drilling device and method for the natural gas hydrate.

Description

A kind of exploiting ocean natural gas hydrates drilling method and device
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of exploiting ocean natural gas hydrates drilling method and device.
Background technology
Gas hydrates are high-quality, the clear energy sourcess in a kind of future, and its reserves are suitable with existing earth fossil fuel (oil, natural gas and coal) total carbon, will become the most important energy of human 21 century.No matter the exploitation of gas hydrates technology that comprehensive various countries scientist proposes is underground decomposition exploitation or decompose exploitation on the ground, all need break rock in the stratum and creep into, so the exploitation of gas hydrates drilling technology is an important topic that needs research.
Crept into the drilling practice of traditional oil/gas well of more than 60,000 mouthful with 1 year and compare, the drilling practice of gas hydrates layer is zero no better than.Tradition offshore oil/natural gas well and gas hydrates well different mainly concentrate on following 3 points:
(1) depth of water of gas hydrates well is big;
(2) drilling depth of gas hydrates well under the seabed is shallow;
(3) control of the well temperature of gas hydrates well is extremely important.
Therefore, when carrying out the drilling well of gas hydrates, the drilling equipment of traditional drilling technology, engineering design, construction technology etc. all need to improve.The development process that scientist envisions gas hydrates layer drilling well from now on comprises following three phases:
The 1st stage: to obtain gas hydrates layer rock core is the period of purpose;
The 2nd stage: the pilot production with the gas hydrates layer is the period of purpose;
The 3rd stage: the period of producing gas from the gas hydrates layer.
For drilling rig, the marine drilling device is not the example of purpose with the hydrate layer at present, and can the technical performance of marine drilling device be directly applied for the hydrate exploration ambigendi locus.According to the requirement of hydrate exploitation drilling well, it is generally acknowledged that the bottom-sitting type drilling rig is inapplicable, so be defined as floating drilling rigs such as drilling ship or semisubmersible drilling platform.But the operating depth of offshore boring island is generally smaller, has 35 as the drilling rig more than the working water spy 900m of usefulness in 1996, have only 3 and can visit above the drilling rig of working under the condition of 2000m at water.And be used for the drilling ship of scientific research, and though can surpass the marine site work of 2000m,, have problems on the safety because do not have marine riser, preventer in the depth of water, can not use mud.Because at present external marine drilling device is mainly used in oil-gas exploration,, particularly to be provided with mud cools device and gas treatment equipment if, must carry out corresponding transformation according to the needs that creep into gas hydrates in order to carry out the gas hydrates probing.Japanese scholar thinks that the floatation type production system through improving, may become the process units of exploitation sea bed gas hydrate by analysis, comprises Retractive leg platform, oil carrier type and partly dive type, single column.In addition, some researchers are proposing end formula drilling tool, rig is fixed on the seabed, deep-sea realizes the correlation engineering operation, avoiding the high investment of research vessel and offshore boring island, but only be applicable to shallow top layer, deep-sea gas hydrates probing, core.
For the gas hydrates boring method, mainly contain at present and decompose the inhibition method and decompose the molten method of being permitted.In drilling process, because the change of temperature, pressure in the payzone plays pendulum gas hydrates.Produce a large amount of gases after the decomposition of hydrate, give creep into normally bring many difficulties.The essence of decomposing the inhibition method is the cooling by mud, prevents that gas hydrates layer temperature from rising, and maintains the decomposition of hydrate holddown with the state of balancing each other.When creeping into permanent freezing layer, all adopt this method basically.Decomposing the molten essence of being permitted method and be to use the uncooled mud of low-density, bring out decomposition of hydrate, is controlled but decompose.The gas that decomposes is handled safely by return channel on the rig and big capacity low pressure gas separator.The be bullied restriction of body processor of footage per bit.Making a trip, when electric logging, setting of casing well cementing operation, stopping dissolving, need in well, inject in advance weighted mud for making gas hydrates.This method contradicts with traditional well killing method.As well kick appears, the blowout meeting causes borehole well instability.The methane gas of decomposing is also difficult to be distinguished mutually with top shallow gas and hydrate lower floor free gas.It is generally acknowledged at present, use decomposition inhibition method more appropriate, might avoid decomposing a series of troubles of bringing because of gas hydrates.
The gas generation of considering gas hydrates is low, and introduction can creep into that the technology of horizontal well is absolutely necessary at the bottom of the porous.In addition, consider that the dual operation technology of using a kind of drilling equipment can carry out two kinds of operations simultaneously side by side also is effective from the viewpoint that reduces drilling cost.Also have,, perhaps need the pre-tilt wellhead assembly because need creep into horizontal well in superficial part position under the seabed.In order to reduce cost of winning and risk, also have the researcher to propose to bore to the seabed drilling well imagination of extended horizontal well from land.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of novel ocean gas hydrate drilling apparatus and method, thereby realize the high-efficiency mining of hydrate.
Exploitation of gas hydrates drilling apparatus of the present invention comprises the three-layer fluid circulation canal.Wherein, first floor is a drilling rod hollow, is used to produce high-speed jet; The second layer is an annular space between drilling rod and sleeve pipe, is used to import seawater; The 3rd layer is annular space between the sleeve pipe and the stratum well borehole wall, and being used for derives the mixture of hydrate, silt particle and water.Between the three-layer fluid circulation canal, there is centralizer to be used for the location.
Above-mentioned jet is produced by the nozzle that is installed on the drilling apparatus, and the liquid of jet can be the mixture of seawater and quartz sand, also can be other liquid.By the high speed impact of jet and the impact grinding of realization that rotatablely move of whole drilling apparatus to hydrate layer.The sea water mixing that hydrate fragment after the fragmentation and second layer fluid passage import enters the outermost layer fluid passage afterwards, and is transported to treating apparatus.
Drilling apparatus of the present invention and method can be used for level and creep into vertical and creep into.
Drilling apparatus of the present invention and method be used in the mixture that produces hydrate, silt and decomposition gas in the stratum and on be discharged to the seabed separation equipment and carry out silt and separate, will be sent to the decomposer that is positioned at the sea level with the mixture of natural gas hydrate, decomposition gas and water after silt separates again and decompose.
Drilling apparatus of the present invention and method equipment are simple, easy to operate, can realize the high-efficiency mining of hydrate, and having solved does not have the suitable gas hydrates drilling equipment and the problem of method in the prior art.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a drilling apparatus structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the fundamental diagram (level is crept into) of drilling apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the fundamental diagram (vertically creeping into) of drilling apparatus of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing content of the present invention is described further:
As shown in Figure 1, drilling apparatus of the present invention comprises drill bit 1, connects drill bit and comprises the three-layer fluid circulation canal afterwards.Wherein, first floor is drilling rod 2 hollows, is used to produce high-speed jet 6; The second layer is drilling rod 2 and 3 annular spaces of sleeve pipe, is used to import seawater 7; The 3rd layer is sleeve pipe 3 and 4 annular spaces of the stratum well borehole wall, and being used for derives the mixture 8 of hydrate, silt particle and water.Between the three-layer fluid circulation canal, there is centralizer 5 to be used for the location.
Drilling apparatus of the present invention produces jet 6 by the nozzle that is installed on the drilling apparatus when work, the liquid of jet can be the mixture of seawater and quartz sand, also can be other liquid.By the high speed impact of jet and the impact grinding of realization that rotatablely move of whole drilling apparatus to hydrate layer.Hydrate fragment after the fragmentation mixes with the seawater 7 that second layer fluid passage imports, and enters the outermost layer fluid passage afterwards, and is transported to treating apparatus.
Drilling apparatus of the present invention can take level to creep into and the vertical dual mode that creeps into, and its working method respectively as shown in Figures 2 and 3.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of exploitation of gas hydrates drilling apparatus is characterized in that, whole drilling apparatus comprises the three-layer fluid circulation canal.Wherein, first floor is a drilling rod hollow, is used to produce high-speed jet; The second layer is an annular space between drilling rod and sleeve pipe, is used to import seawater; The 3rd layer is annular space between the sleeve pipe and the stratum well borehole wall, and being used for derives the mixture of hydrate, silt particle and water.
2, exploitation of gas hydrates drilling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described drilling apparatus is provided with the nozzle that can produce high-speed jet.
3, exploitation of gas hydrates drilling apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: have centralizer to be used for the location between described three-layer fluid circulation canal.
4, a kind of exploitation of gas hydrates drilling method is characterized in that: adopt to comprise that the drilling apparatus of three-layer fluid circulation canal exploits; In the described three-layer fluid circulation canal, first floor is a drilling rod hollow, is used to produce high-speed jet; The second layer is an annular space between drilling rod and sleeve pipe, is used to import seawater; The 3rd layer is annular space between the sleeve pipe and the stratum well borehole wall, and being used for derives the mixture of hydrate, silt particle and water.
5, exploitation of gas hydrates drilling method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: described high-speed jet is produced by the nozzle that is installed on the drilling apparatus, by the high speed impact of jet and the fragmentation of realization that rotatablely move of whole drilling apparatus to hydrate layer, the sea water mixing of hydrate fragment and second layer fluid passage, enter the outermost layer fluid passage afterwards, and be transported to treating apparatus.
6, as claim 4 or 5 described exploitation of gas hydrates drilling methods, it is characterized in that: between described three-layer fluid circulation canal, have centralizer to be used for the location.
CNA2004100515413A 2004-09-21 2004-09-21 Method and device for sea natural gas hydrate production and drilling Pending CN1587640A (en)

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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100434654C (en) * 2007-02-09 2008-11-19 中国科学院广州能源研究所 Cogeneration method for desalinating sea water and exploiting ocean natural gas hydrates
CN100455769C (en) * 2005-12-22 2009-01-28 中国石油大学(华东) Method for extracting hydrate on bottom of sea by deep earth heart water circulation
CN102322264A (en) * 2011-05-26 2012-01-18 上海交通大学 Gas hydrate exploitation, well completion, collection and conveying platform system
CN102337895A (en) * 2010-07-22 2012-02-01 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Method and device for exploiting marine natural gas hydrate
CN101672177B (en) * 2009-09-28 2012-09-26 中国海洋石油总公司 Exploitation method for sea bed gas hydrate
CN104727795A (en) * 2015-02-14 2015-06-24 河南理工大学 Low-permeability soft coal seam extra-thin layer water jetting exploiting permeability increasing method
CN104763382A (en) * 2015-03-26 2015-07-08 成都来宝石油设备有限公司 Methane hydrate gathering pipe
CN104790920A (en) * 2015-03-26 2015-07-22 成都来宝石油设备有限公司 Combustible ice extraction tubular column
CN104806208A (en) * 2015-03-26 2015-07-29 成都来宝石油设备有限公司 Methane hydrate collecting device for shallow stratum
CN104929601A (en) * 2015-06-03 2015-09-23 华北理工大学 Variable-frequency vibration exploitation method of offshore gas hydrate
CN106761588A (en) * 2016-12-23 2017-05-31 吉林大学 Jet crushing, the recovery method of reacting cycle conveying slurry ocean gas hydrate and quarrying apparatus
CN107461175A (en) * 2017-09-15 2017-12-12 中国地质大学(武汉) A kind of method and apparatus of advance reinforcement deep-sea gas hydrates reservoir
CN107642346A (en) * 2017-09-06 2018-01-30 西南石油大学 A kind of non-diagenesis gas hydrates neck eye of sea-bottom shallow, which returns, drags jet recovery method and quarrying apparatus
CN109406749A (en) * 2018-11-13 2019-03-01 西南石油大学 A kind of solid state fluidizing water jet rock breaking and recovery experiment tool in situ
CN111155973A (en) * 2020-03-16 2020-05-15 中国石油大学(华东) Bottom water hydrate reservoir perforation mode optimization method
CN112049801A (en) * 2020-09-18 2020-12-08 西南石油大学 Double-impeller pump for marine natural gas hydrate excavation
CN113863859A (en) * 2020-06-30 2021-12-31 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Shallow natural gas hydrate drilling device, mining system and method

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100455769C (en) * 2005-12-22 2009-01-28 中国石油大学(华东) Method for extracting hydrate on bottom of sea by deep earth heart water circulation
CN100434654C (en) * 2007-02-09 2008-11-19 中国科学院广州能源研究所 Cogeneration method for desalinating sea water and exploiting ocean natural gas hydrates
CN101672177B (en) * 2009-09-28 2012-09-26 中国海洋石油总公司 Exploitation method for sea bed gas hydrate
CN102337895A (en) * 2010-07-22 2012-02-01 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Method and device for exploiting marine natural gas hydrate
CN102337895B (en) * 2010-07-22 2013-11-06 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Method and device for exploiting marine natural gas hydrate
CN102322264A (en) * 2011-05-26 2012-01-18 上海交通大学 Gas hydrate exploitation, well completion, collection and conveying platform system
CN104727795A (en) * 2015-02-14 2015-06-24 河南理工大学 Low-permeability soft coal seam extra-thin layer water jetting exploiting permeability increasing method
CN104763382A (en) * 2015-03-26 2015-07-08 成都来宝石油设备有限公司 Methane hydrate gathering pipe
CN104790920A (en) * 2015-03-26 2015-07-22 成都来宝石油设备有限公司 Combustible ice extraction tubular column
CN104806208A (en) * 2015-03-26 2015-07-29 成都来宝石油设备有限公司 Methane hydrate collecting device for shallow stratum
CN104929601A (en) * 2015-06-03 2015-09-23 华北理工大学 Variable-frequency vibration exploitation method of offshore gas hydrate
CN106761588A (en) * 2016-12-23 2017-05-31 吉林大学 Jet crushing, the recovery method of reacting cycle conveying slurry ocean gas hydrate and quarrying apparatus
CN106761588B (en) * 2016-12-23 2019-04-12 吉林大学 The recovery method and quarrying apparatus of jet crushing, reacting cycle conveying slurry ocean gas hydrate
CN107642346A (en) * 2017-09-06 2018-01-30 西南石油大学 A kind of non-diagenesis gas hydrates neck eye of sea-bottom shallow, which returns, drags jet recovery method and quarrying apparatus
CN107642346B (en) * 2017-09-06 2019-12-31 西南石油大学 Pilot back-dragging jet mining method and mining device for seabed shallow layer non-diagenetic natural gas hydrate
CN107461175A (en) * 2017-09-15 2017-12-12 中国地质大学(武汉) A kind of method and apparatus of advance reinforcement deep-sea gas hydrates reservoir
CN107461175B (en) * 2017-09-15 2023-06-30 中国地质大学(武汉) Method and device for reinforcing deep sea natural gas hydrate reservoir in advance
CN109406749A (en) * 2018-11-13 2019-03-01 西南石油大学 A kind of solid state fluidizing water jet rock breaking and recovery experiment tool in situ
CN111155973A (en) * 2020-03-16 2020-05-15 中国石油大学(华东) Bottom water hydrate reservoir perforation mode optimization method
CN111155973B (en) * 2020-03-16 2022-03-01 中国石油大学(华东) Bottom water hydrate reservoir perforation mode optimization method
CN113863859A (en) * 2020-06-30 2021-12-31 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Shallow natural gas hydrate drilling device, mining system and method
CN113863859B (en) * 2020-06-30 2024-04-05 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Shallow natural gas hydrate drilling device, exploitation system and method
CN112049801A (en) * 2020-09-18 2020-12-08 西南石油大学 Double-impeller pump for marine natural gas hydrate excavation

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