CN1584059A - Lotus form furnace and preparing method for sponge iron - Google Patents
Lotus form furnace and preparing method for sponge iron Download PDFInfo
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- CN1584059A CN1584059A CN 200410037180 CN200410037180A CN1584059A CN 1584059 A CN1584059 A CN 1584059A CN 200410037180 CN200410037180 CN 200410037180 CN 200410037180 A CN200410037180 A CN 200410037180A CN 1584059 A CN1584059 A CN 1584059A
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Abstract
A interlinking furnace and producing method for sponge iron consist of 'gas self-producing method' and 'waste heat gas producing method'. The latter method includes: taking low-caloricity high-temperature tail gas from rotary furnace or blast furnace or other coal gas as basic heat resource, taking doped high-caloricity gas or liquid as assistant heat resource and producing sponge iron. Its advantages include low cost, simple process, high efficient and no pollution.
Description
Field of metallurgy under the present invention is a kind of processing method and a device of producing direct-reduced iron.
At present, the main method of producing sponge iron in the world remains based on natural gas pyrolysis gas making in conjunction with shaft furnace process and coal-based rotary kiln method.But aforesaid method fails to be used widely in China because of being subjected to the restriction of factors such as natural gas source, price and investment cost.The cold fixed composite pellet of recent a kind of usefulness is produced sponge iron in rotary kiln technology obtains implementing in China, but still exists the exhaust temperature height, the pelletizing efflorescence, ature of coal is required unfavorable factors such as height and infrastructure investment are bigger.01122227.1 and in the disclosed technology of 03154320.1 patent application though plurality of advantages is arranged, because of heat conduction coal gas is to adopt the method allocate industrial oxygen into to improve temperature, do not benefit to reduce production costs.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high-temperature tail gas that can utilize rotary kiln, blast furnace to produce produces, again can independent gas making production, and do not need industrial oxygen, exhaust temperature is low, go into stove pelletizing 100% pick-up rate, the dress, rafting the material simple and direct, invest production of sponge iron and device little, high efficiency.
Comprised the inventor in the technical scheme of the present invention at 01122227.1,03154320.1 two disclosed following four technology contents of patent application, 1, a chain of formula reduction furnace 2, built-up type reduction reaction can 3, partly the coal gas that burns heats 4, utilizes and reclaim coal gas and cool off reducing the high temperature pelletizing.This patent application is on the basis that keeps former patent application technological merit, make a big improvement at its weak point again, especially on the structure of reduction furnace, aspect such as rotary kiln, blast furnace waste gas utilization and half combustion method all has than quantum jump, make this technology ripe and perfect more, strengthened feasibility.
Technical scheme of the present invention can be divided into A " making the gas production method certainly " and B " gas using residual heat working system ", and the difference of two kinds of schemes only is the source difference of the coal gas that adopts, and other technology is basic identical.
A is from making the gas production method, and this method can be divided into (one) gas making section and (two) reduction section by production process.
(1) gas making section: this section is made up of following 3 systems.1, gas production system: this system imports reduction section by 600 ℃～800 ℃ the heating gas that 1～2 blue-gas generator or mixed gas producer produce through the short range utilidor ...The waste heat gas that blue-gas generator produced is imported special-purpose shaft furnace (also applicable other type of furnace) and is used for dry and fixed coal dust pelletizing.2, high temperature air production system: this system is made of 24 hotblast stoves and air preheater, the effect of 900 ℃～1200 ℃ the high temperature air that hotblast stove produced is for reduction furnace provides coal gas half combustion heating needed high temperature air, and purpose is to replace industrial oxygen with high temperature air.The needed coal gas of Combustion of Hot Air Furnace is to utilize reduction section through the cooling down high-temperature pelletizing, temperature reaches 500 ℃～1000 ℃ recovery coal gas (can not satisfy the requirement that hotblast stove is produced 900 ℃～1200 ℃ of high temperature airs as the thermal value of this coal gas, can with addition of an amount of high heating value gas or other high heat value gas, liquid fuel).Hotblast stove produces waste heat waste gas and by the air preheater that heat pipe is housed the needed air of hotblast stove is carried out the preheating in early stage.3, fume recovery system, this system extracts with N from flue with induced draft fan
2Be main waste gas,, be used for the gas displacement before reducting pellet has been come out of the stove through dedusting and storage.
(2) reduction phase: this section is that identical and mutual placed in-line fixed-bed type reduction furnace constitutes by 12～20 structures, and this reduction furnace adapts to wet bulb group directly into stove, also adapts to through dried pelletizing and goes into stove.The built-up type retort that cold-bonded carbonic pellet is housed is inserted in the special-purpose mast-up, transport to the body of heater upper end by the bridge crane that is suspended from the reduction furnace top, after removing the fire door capping by the automatic shifting device of material mouthful capping, with pack into once stove hall or draw off of retort.Heating gas and high temperature air by the input of gas making section, process is located at the mixed firing of limiting the quantity of of the internal-burning type ceramic burner of reduction furnace bottom, after gas temperature brought up to 1200 ℃～1400 ℃, (above-mentioned burning should guarantee two conditions 1, join oxygen quotient α＜1 during burning, 2, the water-gas reaction value of the coal gas of high temperature that burning back produces should≤equilibrium constant value under the relevant temperature) enter the air storage chamber of built-up type retort, unreacted completely oxygen molecule after this and coal gas are fully reacted, enter the reduction chamber by air storage chamber outer wall inclined aperture, and discharge out of the furnace through production well through pelletizing layer and reduction chamber outer wall inclined aperture.Because above-mentioned coal gas of high temperature fully contacts with pelletizing in seeing through the process of pelletizing layer, make the pelletizing temperature of process preheating rise to 1100 ℃～1200 ℃ very soon, because reduction reaction has to a certain degree taken place in above-mentioned pelletizing temperature stage of 700 ℃～1000 ℃ during the early stage gas preheating, so after pelletizing reaches said temperature, the powdered carbon that is equipped with in the pelletizing can have been given play to extremely strong reducing power, can obtain the degree of metalization more than 95% and finish the reduction operation through 10～15 minutes reaction times.Coal gas by above-mentioned reduction furnace output, under high-temperature blower drives and under the control of water-cooled high temperature valve, order is passed through a plurality of reduction furnaces of preface down, pelletizing to its inside carries out preheating, drying, store in the input gas-holder after when its temperature drops near 100 ℃, importing condenser again and carrying out gas-water separation, so that use as cooling gas.Finished the reduction furnace of reduction operation, imported the cooled coal gas in the above-mentioned gas-holder, by low temperature to high temperature continuously by a plurality of reduction furnaces, as-reduced pelletizing temperature is progressively dropped near behind the normal temperature, again by from flue, reclaim with N
2Be to enter the discharge program after main waste gas is replaced ...Above-mentioned cooling coal gas increases this temperature of gas because high temperature pelletizing in a plurality of reduction furnaces is cooled off continuously, and this coal gas of high temperature returns the hotblast stove of gas making section under the driving of high-temperature blower, burn as geseous fuel.
B, gas using residual heat working system, this method are that the low-heat value gas that produces with rotary kiln, blast furnace or the coal gas in other source are basic thermal source, are that auxiliary thermal source carries out sponge iron production with the high heating value gas-liquid fuel that mixes.Because of the coal gas that B scheme and A scheme are adopted is originated different, satisfy processing requirement so take following two measures: 1, because the calorific value of above-mentioned coal gas is generally lower, for guaranteeing that oxidizing gas and the equilibrium constant value of reducing gas under relevant temperature in the residual gas composition of coal gas behind reduction furnace half combustion heating reach the requirement of reduction reaction, need when entering first reduction furnace, above-mentioned coal gas allocate an amount of high heat value gas or liquid into (as coke-oven gas, water-gas, liquefied gas or oils etc.), or take the method for oxygen-enriched combusting to improve temperature of combustion, to satisfy the requirement of above-mentioned reducing process.If the 2 gas using residual heat initial temperatures that adopted are lower, method such as should take that hotblast stove heats is increased to 600 ℃～800 ℃ with the sensible heat temperature of coal gas, so that reduce the loss of coal gas reducing gas when reduction furnace partly burns.All the other operations are taked and A scheme same process and setting, can obtain identical effect.
The present invention has following advantage compared with the prior art:
1, because the waste heat tail gas that B scheme of the present invention " gas using residual heat working system " can utilize rotary kiln or iron-smelting blast furnace to produce continues to produce sponge iron, solves the problem that above-mentioned process tail gas waste heat recovery utilizes again, benefited energy-conservation, synergy.
2, since adopt after heating coal gas of high temperature by high temperature to low temperature continuously by a plurality of Reaktionsofens to pelletizing reduce preheating and exsiccant method, adopt the low temperature coal gas cooling of reclaiming to reduce the high temperature pelletizing to heat the method for back input Combustion of Hot Air Furnace, the hot-blast stove fume waste heat carries out the preheating in early stage to air method, heat energy is fully used, benefits energy efficiency.
3,, be of value to and reduce production costs owing to adopt high temperature air to replace the method for industrial oxygen.
4, owing to adopt the method for splitting tubular(surface)condenser cooling coal gas, coal gas is not directly contacted with water,, without sewage discharge pollution-free to water coolant are of value to environment protection.
5, because the method that reduction furnace adopts bridge crane built-up type retort integral body to be packed into the stove hall or drawn off by the upper end fire door in conjunction with mast-up makes dress discharge operation simple and direct, smooth and easy.
6, owing to adopt big osculum formula fire door sealing method and sand seal, water seal, the sealing of filler back cover road to be provided with, and in conjunction with the bell method of switching of bell automatic shifting device, not only easy handling, and good seal performance, safe and reliable.
7, because reduction furnace adopts the bottom that the method for internal-burning type ceramic burner is set, be of value to the circulation of gas and the work-ing life of improving stove.
Be illustrated in conjunction with the production instance of making coal gas certainly below by accompanying drawing
Accompanying drawing 1 is the planar technology schema and the part sectioned view of gas making section of the present invention
Accompanying drawing 2 is the planar technology schema of reduction section of the present invention
Accompanying drawing 3 is the sectional view of reduction furnace of the present invention
Accompanying drawing 4 is the front view and the sectional view of the special-purpose mast-up of built-up type retort of the present invention
Referring to accompanying drawing 1: the described gas making section of this figure is to enter coal briquette dry kiln (2) by the wet coal briquette that coal dust is made ball workshop (1) and provided to carry out drying and consolidating, when coal briquette dry and reach certain intensity after import producer gas generator (3).The heating gas that producer gas generator is produced after dry collector (4) dedusting, is taken the damp and hot heating gas of carrying 600 ℃～800 ℃ by utilidor (5) to hotblast stove and reduction section.(R1, R2, R3, R4) is 4 hotblast stoves of this section.Reclaiming gas line (6) is to carry 500 ℃～1000 ℃ the coal gas of high temperature that is reclaimed by reduction section, this coal gas is the main fuel of Combustion of Hot Air Furnace, not enough as thermal value, also can allocate the gas or the liquid fuel of fresh heating gas or other high heating value into through gas manifold (8), to increase caloric power of gas by gas-distribution pipe (7).Hotblast stove with above-mentioned coal gas and preheated air mixed firing, accumulation of heat, with air heat exchange after, with after the air heating to 1000 ℃～1200 ℃, by high temperature air subtube (9) and high temperature air main pipe line (14) to reduction section conveying high temperature air.The waste heat flue gas that hotblast stove produces enters air preheater (19) by branch flue (10) through flue collector (20), is discharged by chimney (16) at last.The needed freezing air of preheating of air stove (19) is to be provided by cold blast engine (15), (24) of A-A sectional view are the waste heat exhaust gases passes of air preheater, (22) be air passageways, (23) be that the heat pipe that height is led medium is housed, freezing air is through the heat transfer of heat pipe and heat, under the driving of warm air blower fan (11), supply the air of preheating to hotblast stove through preheated air main pipe line (12) and warm air subtube (13).The effect of flue gas blower fan (17) is the waste heat flue gas that extracts in the flue, enters gas-holder (21) deposit after fly-ash separator (18) dedusting, for use in the gas displacement before coming out of the stove through coal gas refrigerative reducting pellet.
Referring to accompanying drawing 2: the described reduction section of this figure is by (a chain of formula reduction furnace of H1～H12) form, this reduction furnace is the heating gas by heating gas main pipe line (1) input, supply heating gas to each reduction furnace respectively through heating gas subtube (4,5), by the high temperature air of high temperature air pipeline (2) input, be in charge of (6,7) respectively to each reduction furnace supplying high temperature air through high temperature air.Above-mentioned coal gas and air are at first limited the quantity of in order to mix in first reduction furnace and are produced half burning, see through the pelletizing layer after gas temperature brought up to 1200 ℃～1400 ℃, driving that high-temperature blower (8) produces pressure head down with the control of water-cooled high temperature valve under (among the figure not meter valve) through connecting pipe (9), continuously by a plurality of reduction furnaces in back, pelletizing in the stove is carried out preheating, dry, approach 100 ℃ until gas temperature, split tubular(surface)condenser (12) by cryogenic gas output small transfer line (10) through cryogenic gas output main pipe line (11) input again, make gas-water separation after the coal gas condensation, coal gas is then imported gas-holder (13).Be the low temperature coal gas that stores with gas-holder (13) through reductive high temperature pelletizing, by low temperature to high temperature pelletizing is cooled off through cooled coal gas arm (15) by cooled coal gas main pipe line (14), take the damp and hot of its acquisition at last, return main pipe line (3) by coal-gas recovering small transfer line (16) through coal gas and return the gas making section, burn as the geseous fuel of hotblast stove.Finish the reduction furnace of refrigerating work procedure, used the N that reclaims from flue
2After replacing, open upper end is sealed, and by the bridge crane that walks on the crane runway (17) pelletizing is transported to the stokehold, implements the discharging or the new pelletizing of packing into, and finished product is transported to stockyard ...
Referring to accompanying drawing 3: but the described reduction furnace of this figure upper end is provided with the fire door capping of automatic lifting and displacement, this capping is by big osculum formula fire door closed level (1) fire door (2) that matches with it to be implemented sealing (fire door and closed level should be cast by cast iron, and need precision work), the inboard of fire door closed level (1) is that the flame retardant coating (3) that refractory materialss such as fire-resistance rammed mass or fire-resistant concrete constitute is housed, the thermal insulation layer (4) that lagging material is made is equipped with on its top, and the outside of thermal insulation layer and flame retardant coating is provided with the bell shell (5) that steel plate is made.Balancing weight that the capping top is provided with cylinder iron or concrete is made (6) and balancing weight steady brace (7), its effect are the pressure when increasing bell fire door being sealed, and improve its sealing property.The outside of capping is connected to the linker of upper steel plate circle (8) and lower steel plate circle (9) composition, and its effect is that each one of capping is connected as a single entity.Be provided with 3-6 the hydraulic efficiency jack (11) that five equilibrium is provided with above the bearing rib (10), enter when uncapping operation, rise along with lifting-jack, short rail (12) of lifting and rail wheel (13) can be held up with the fire door capping is whole, and the short rail of lifting (12) align with displacement track (16), enforcement is shifted to bell but start the bell shift assembly (not representing among the figure) of the bivector traction that is made of little windlass, pulley and steel wire then.After fire door (2) exposes, enter charging or discharging operation.The sealing work of fire door is identical with said procedure, and anti-sequential operation gets final product.Fire door capping outside is provided with sand sealing groove (17) and water sealed tank (18), wherein adorns fire-resistant fine sand in the sand sealing groove, and sand seal circle (14) inserts layer of sand during capping, releases from fire door if any gas, is stopped at this.Lock packing (19) is housed and is full of water in the bottom of water sealed tank (18), water seal circle (15) inserts in the water and with lock packing (19) and combines during capping, thereby form fire door sealing, sand seal, water seal, gas leakage defence line, filler back cover road, thereby do not have gas leakage when guaranteeing work.The lower end of fire door capping is the oven body part of reduction furnace, and this body of heater is to constitute stove hall (23) by outer cover of steel plate (20), thermal insulation layer (21), flame retardant coating (22).The built-up type retort is to be made of urceolus (24), reduction chamber (25), air storage chamber (26), cast retort base (27), retort is gone into above the fire-resistant envelope gas layer of sand (28) that is positioned at behind the stove within the stove hall (23), retort base (27) inserts within the fire-resistant layer of sand, to prevent the gas direct current.The internal-burning type ceramic burner (29) that the lower end of body of heater is provided with, the pneumatic outlet of this burner communicates with the air storage chamber (26) of built-up type retort, from the high temperature air of high temperature air pipeline (30) with from the coal gas of heating gas pipeline (31), half burning heats up in ceramic burner (29).Gas by unicom pipeline (32), cooling gas line (33) and substitution gas pipeline (34) input is all imported in the stove by the inlet mouth (35,36) of burner, imports gas outlet pipe road (38) the next reduction furnace of input after high-temperature blower (39) supercharging again after being discharged out of the furnace by pneumatic outlet (37) again ...Above-mentioned whole body of heater is to be supported by 4-8 root body of heater pillar (40).High heating value gas, fluid pipeline (41) are when implementing the B scheme, and be used for increasing gas heating value.
Referring to accompanying drawing 4: the described mast-up of this figure is to be used for the special implement of bridge crane to reduction furnace transportation and loading and unloading built-up type retort, it is to be welded into framework by 8 channel-section steels (2,13) and steel plate circle (3), in the groove of channel-section steel (2), be equipped with a plurality of in movable pulley (5), its effect is, with the cargo handling process of built-up type retort (4) in, this is taken turns to roll with the outer wall of retort and contacts, and makes it move smooth and easy up and down and is unlikely to cause the damage of tank skin.The hook that the bottom was provided with (6) of framework is to be connected with hook control wheel (1) through sheave (8) by steel cable (7), and during operation, as long as rotate the handle of control wheel, the opening and closing of control hook can realize the clutch of mast-up and built-up type retort (4).(9,10) of A-A sectional view are the inner/outer tube of built-up type retort, and (11) are the suspension hook of bridge crane; Outer movable pulley (12) is supported by channel-section steel (13), the effect of this outer movable pulley be in the process of general frame discrepancy stove with the sliding contact of stove hall inwall, play the infringement and the guide effect that alleviate the furnace wall.The quantity of above-mentioned steel plate circle (3), interior movable pulley (5), outer movable pulley (12) and sheave (8) should be determined by circumstances according to the size of designed production line output.
Claims (2)
1, the method for a chain of stove production of a kind of usefulness sponge iron, this method is to be heat-transfer medium with the heating gas, allocates the industrial oxygen of α＜1 when heating gas input reduction furnace into, the coal gas partial oxidation is heated after, input reduction chamber makes its inner carbonaceous pelletizing heat up, reduce; It is characterized in that the B scheme is that residual gas with rotary kiln, blast furnace ironmaking or other source is basic thermal source, is that auxiliary thermal source carries out sponge iron production with part high heat value gas or the liquid fuel that mixes; The reduction furnace needed oxygen that partly burns is to replace with 900 ℃～1200 ℃ the air that hotblast stove produces, the needed fuel of Combustion of Hot Air Furnace is to utilize to have reduced the recovery coal gas that the high temperature pelletizing makes its temperature be increased to 500 ℃～1000 ℃ because of cooling and be main fuel, with the high heating value gas-liquid that mixes is auxiliary fuel, and the needed air of hotblast stove is that the discharged flue gas waste heat of utilization own carries out the preheating in early stage by preheater; The gas communication of reduction furnace is to be driven by the high-temperature blower that is located between the reduction furnace, implements control by the water-cooled high temperature valve; Passing through the finished pellet that reduces and be cooled to normal temperature in the reduction furnace, is to utilize the waste gas that reclaims from flue to carry out gas displacement; The loading and unloading material process of reduction furnace all is to finish with the method for the special-purpose mast-up of bridge crane association reaction jar.
2, a kind of reduction furnace of implementing claim 1, described a chain of stove are to be composed in series by 12～20 these reduction furnaces, and its primary structure is to be made of fire door sealing setting, body of heater, Lu Tang, burner; The top that it is characterized in that the reduction furnace capping is provided with balancing weight (6) and joins piece steady brace (7), and the fire door enclosed appts of reduction furnace is to be made of big osculum formula capping (1,2), sand seal (14,17), water seal (15,18) and filler envelope (15,19); The lifting setting that the opening and closing device of fire door enclosed appts is made up of 3-6 the hydraulic efficiency jack (11) that is contained in fire door enclosed appts lower end and the short rail (12) of the lifting that is in contact with it, rail wheel (13), displacement track (16), the traction setting of being made up of windlass, wireline, pulley constitutes; The built-up type retort of having gone into stove is positioned within the stove hall (23), the upper end of sand seal layer (28), and the cast base (27) of retort inserts within the layer of sand; The bottom of reduction furnace is provided with internal-burning type ceramic burner (29), and the air storage chamber (26) of the outlet of internal-burning type ceramic burner (29) and built-up type retort connects, and constitutes half firing system of reduction furnace; The special-purpose mast-up of built-up type retort that be used for shove charge, unloads stove and transportation is to be welded into framework by 8 channel-section steels (2,13) and steel plate circle (3), the clutch of mast-up and composite reaction jar is the control of linking up with (6) to be realized by wireline (7) and sheave (8) by the control wheel (1) that is contained in the channel-section steel (2), channel-section steel (2) is equipped with interior movable pulley (5), and channel-section steel (13) is equipped with outer movable pulley (12).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100371807A CN1295350C (en) | 2004-06-06 | 2004-06-06 | Lotus form furnace and preparing method for sponge iron |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100371807A CN1295350C (en) | 2004-06-06 | 2004-06-06 | Lotus form furnace and preparing method for sponge iron |
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| CN1584059A true CN1584059A (en) | 2005-02-23 |
| CN1295350C CN1295350C (en) | 2007-01-17 |
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| CNB2004100371807A Expired - Fee Related CN1295350C (en) | 2004-06-06 | 2004-06-06 | Lotus form furnace and preparing method for sponge iron |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102278880A (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2011-12-14 | 巩义市金岭耐火材料有限公司 | Coal gas top-combustion-type high-temperature energy-saving interlinked kiln |
| CN108613544A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-10-02 | 广西锰华新能源科技发展有限公司 | Chemical industry reducing metal apparatus for rotating |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101307988B (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2011-08-10 | 贵州世纪天元矿业有限公司 | Combined method for reducing furnace and calcine furnace and the furnace |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1169971C (en) * | 2001-06-16 | 2004-10-06 | 王云龙 | High-temp gas method and equipment for producing spony iron |
| CN1495277A (en) * | 2002-08-08 | 2004-05-12 | 王云龙 | Cold-set carbon-contained pellet sponge-iron production uquipment |
| CN1397651A (en) * | 2002-08-08 | 2003-02-19 | 王云龙 | Technology and apparatus for producing spongy iron containing cold-setting carbon spheres |
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2004
- 2004-06-06 CN CNB2004100371807A patent/CN1295350C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102278880A (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2011-12-14 | 巩义市金岭耐火材料有限公司 | Coal gas top-combustion-type high-temperature energy-saving interlinked kiln |
| CN108613544A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-10-02 | 广西锰华新能源科技发展有限公司 | Chemical industry reducing metal apparatus for rotating |
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| CN1295350C (en) | 2007-01-17 |
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