CN1583829A - Method for preparing fire-retardant polyether by cyanuramide - Google Patents
Method for preparing fire-retardant polyether by cyanuramide Download PDFInfo
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- CN1583829A CN1583829A CN 200410027331 CN200410027331A CN1583829A CN 1583829 A CN1583829 A CN 1583829A CN 200410027331 CN200410027331 CN 200410027331 CN 200410027331 A CN200410027331 A CN 200410027331A CN 1583829 A CN1583829 A CN 1583829A
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Abstract
A fire resisting polyether is prepared from cyanamine trimers by: mixing and stirring cyanamine solids and formaldehyde, heating to 80-100deg.C,reacting for 5-30 minutes, adding alcohol amine and agitating, reacting 30-180 minutes to produce cyanamine trimer solution, making the solution mol ratio of cyanamine trimer :formaldehyde :alcohol amine being = 1:3:2;then, mixing cyanamine trimer solution gotten said above with polyether polyol, Stirring for 1-15 minutes, adding isocyanate ester, stirring 10-60 for minutes, cooling to 5-35deg.C, evacuating to vacuum at -0.2--0.1 MPa and at 90-120deg.C conditions, and removing residual monomers to get fire-resisting polyether. The products have high oxygen index, without containing halogen, phosphorus, antimony, etc, good fluidity, low acid value, less water content, little smoking, good uniformity and mechanics intensity, improved fire resisting effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of flame retarding polyether, specifically is to prepare the method that the novel flame-retardant polyethers is the structure-type fire retardant with trimeric cyanamide (MELA).
Background technology
Urethane foam (PUF) is a kind of polyurethane products of consumption maximum, is widely used in furniture, automotive industry, building, transportation and the lagging material.But PUF is very easily burning in air, also can produce a large amount of toxic gases and flue dust in the time of incendiary, and HUMAN HEALTH and environment are all had extremely bad influence.Over the years, given great concern to the fire-retardant of PUF abroad, and issued dried fire-retardant rules of relevant PUF of promise and fire-retardant requirement,, be used for the fire-retardant requirement that the interior FPUF of automobile must satisfy MotorVehicleSafetyStandard (MVSS) 302 defineds for example in West Europe; In the U.S., the FPUF that is used for the furniture cushion must pass through CAL TB117 flame retardant test; In Britain, stipulated that clearly every furniture of selling in Britain (comprising FPUF) is necessary for flame retardant products, must meet the standard-required of BS5852; Also set up production and the use that corresponding regulations limits non-flame-retardant foam in Germany.
In the employed various fire retardants of urethane foam, amino fire retardant mainly contains trimeric cyanamide and its derivative is formed, and they can use separately also and can compoundly use.This based flame retardant Halogen, low toxicity, do not corrode, to heat and UV stable, flame retarding efficiency is preferable, and price is also very low.But, this based flame retardant bad dispersibility in base material, require tight to granularity and size-grade distribution, consumption and granularity are all influential to the flame retardant resistance and the physicals of material, and itself can cause the moulding processability of polymkeric substance and the reduction of physicals, and stronger polarity and wetting ability are arranged, consistency with the non-polar polymer material is poor, be difficult to form good binding and bonding at the interface, go, can badly influence the foamy flame retardant effect if directly add in the foam.
If in the foam molecular structure, introduce the structure fire retardant that MEAL, polyureas molecule etc. have certain flame retardant properties, the flame retardant effect of PUF can be best, because foam raw material itself has had flame retardant resistance, can be as using other fire retardants, the disappearance that flame retardant effect can be in time and the volatilization of fire retardant and migration and reduce, and the fire retardant oxygen index height of preparing, elements such as not halogen-containing, phosphorus, antimony, material fluidity is good, acid number is low, moisture is few, and the amount of being fuming is low, and good homogeneity and physical strength are arranged.But all also unexposed to the research and the application of these class methods at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for preparing flame retarding polyether with trimeric cyanamide, the flame retarding polyether oxygen index height for preparing, elements such as not halogen-containing, phosphorus, antimony, material fluidity is good, acid number is low, and moisture is few, and the amount of being fuming is low, and good homogeneity and physical strength are arranged, improve flame retardant effect.
The method for preparing flame retarding polyether with trimeric cyanamide of the present invention comprises the steps:
The first step: the trimeric cyanamide solid mixes stirring and is heated to 80-100 ℃ with formaldehyde, reacted 5～30 minutes; Add hydramine and stirring, reacted 30～180 minutes, generate melamine solution; Trimeric cyanamide: formaldehyde: the mol ratio of hydramine is 1: 3: 2;
Second step: the melamine solution that the polyether glycol and the first step obtain is mixed back stirring 1～15 minute; Add isocyanic ester, stirred 10～60 minutes; After being cooled to 5-35 ℃ ,-0.2～-0.1MPa, temperature vacuumize under 90～120 ℃ the condition, removes residual monomer, can obtain flame retarding polyether;
Do not comprise that the melamine solution of moisture weight and the weight ratio of isocyanic ester and polyether glycol are 0.10～0.35: 1, and isocyanic ester and do not comprise that the mol ratio of the melamine solution of moisture weight is 0.8～1.2: 1.
In the first step, can also add basic catalyst yellow soda ash, sodium bicarbonate, magnesiumcarbonate or calcium hydroxide or the like, preferred yellow soda ash, consumption is 0.3% weight of trimeric cyanamide;
In the first step, preferred 10～15 minutes of the reaction times of trimeric cyanamide solid and formaldehyde;
In the first step, with the reaction times of hydramine preferred 60～120 minutes;
In second step, the polyether glycol hydroxyl value is between 20～60, and functional group is that molecular weight is between 2000～8000 between 2～4; Preferred, polyethers polyvalent alcohol hydroxyl value is 56, and functional group is 3, and molecular weight is between 5000.
In second step, polyether glycol mixed the back churning time preferred 5～10 minutes with the melamine solution that the first step obtains;
In second step, can add ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or butyleneglycol as dispersion agent, consumption is 3%～6% weight of reactant gross weight;
In second step, described isocyanic ester comprises aliphatics and/or aromatic polyisocyanate, as m-benzene diisocyanate, PPDI, polymethine polyphenyl polyisocyanate, 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, naphthalene diisocyanate, ditan 4,4 '-or 2,4-or 2,2 '-vulcabond, hexamethylene-diisocyanate be one or more mixtures wherein; Preferred 2,4-and 2, the mixture of 6-tolylene diisocyanate;
In second step, the pressure that vacuumizes is preferred-0.1MPa, 2～3 hours time the best of vacuumizing.
The present invention has following advantage and beneficial effect: can use comparatively easy device synthesizing new within a short period of time flame retarding polyether, building-up process is simple to operate, control easily, favorable reproducibility, do not need to use special equipment, production cost is lower, prepared novel flame-retardant polyethers viscosity is lower, good stability, the fire retardant oxygen index height of preparing does not contain the rule halogen, phosphorus, elements such as antimony, material fluidity is good, acid number is low, and moisture is few, and the amount of being fuming is low, and good homogeneity and physical strength arranged, adopt the prepared urethane foam of this novel flame-retardant polyethers, have advantages of high bearing capacity and good flame retardancy, can reach from putting out level.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is done further detailed description, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
The first step: in four-hole boiling flask, add 121.6g formaldehyde, 63g trimeric cyanamide (MELA) and 0.2g yellow soda ash and mix stirring and be heated to 80 ℃, mixture becomes clarification by muddiness, react and add the 61g thanomin after 5 minutes, stirring reaction 30 minutes generates trimeric cyanamide (MELA) liquid (content is 81%).
Second step: add the polyether glycol (330N) of 335.5g and trimeric cyanamide (MELA) liquid (the first step is synthetic, and content is 81%) of 29.1g in four-hole boiling flask, connect thermometer and stirring arm, continuously stirring is 1 minute at normal temperatures; Added the 2,4 toluene diisocyanate of 13.2g then in 30 seconds in the inherent said mixture, continue again to stir 10 minutes, this system generation thermopositive reaction, temperature rises rapidly; After treating that the heat release system temperature drops to 5 ℃, connect the condensing reflux pipe, be to vacuumize 2 hours under 90 ℃ the condition at pressure for-0.1MPa, temperature, remove residual monomer, get final product solid content, promptly the weight percent of the weight of isocyanic ester and trimeric cyanamide (MELA) solution (not including moisture content weight) and polyether glycol is 10% novel flame-retardant polyether product in the raw material.
Embodiment 2
The first step: in four-hole boiling flask, add 121.6g formaldehyde, 63g trimeric cyanamide (MELA) and 0.2g yellow soda ash and mix stirring and be heated to 100 ℃, mixture becomes clarification by muddiness, react and add the 61g thanomin after 30 minutes, stirring reaction 180 minutes generates trimeric cyanamide (MELA) liquid (content is 81%).
Second step: (the first step is synthetic for trimeric cyanamide (MELA) liquid of polyether glycol, 10g ethylene glycol (accounting for gross weight 4.8%) and the 39.9g of adding 150g in four-hole boiling flask, content is 81%), connect thermometer and stirring arm, at room temperature continuously stirring is 15 minutes.With 2 of 17.7g, the 6-tolylene diisocyanate was poured in 45 seconds and is continued in the four-hole boiling flask to stir 60 minutes again, and temperature rises rapidly.Treat that temperature falls after rise after 35 ℃, connect the condensing reflux pipe, be lower than-0.2MPa, temperature is to vacuumize 3 hours under 120 ℃ the condition, removes residual monomer, get final product to such an extent that solid content is 25% novel flame-retardant polyether product.
Embodiment 3
The first step: in four-hole boiling flask, add 121.6g formaldehyde, 63g trimeric cyanamide (MELA) and 0.2g yellow soda ash and mix stirring and be heated to 90 ℃, mixture becomes clarification by muddiness, react and add the 61g thanomin after 10 minutes, stirring reaction 120 minutes generates trimeric cyanamide (MELA) liquid (content is 81%).
Second step: (the first step is synthetic for trimeric cyanamide (MELA) liquid of polyether glycol, 10g propylene glycol (accounting for gross weight 4.7%) and the 55.8g of adding 130g in four-hole boiling flask, content is 81%), connect thermometer and stirring arm, at room temperature continuously stirring is 10 minutes.The diphenylmethanediisocyanate of 24.8g was poured in 60 seconds again and continued in the four-hole boiling flask to stir 25 minutes, temperature rises rapidly.Treat that temperature falls after rise after 24 ℃, connect the condensing reflux pipe, be lower than-0.15MPa, temperature is to vacuumize 2.5 hours under 100 ℃ the condition, removes residual monomer, get final product to such an extent that solid content is 35% novel flame-retardant polyether product.
Embodiment 4
The first step: in four-hole boiling flask, add 121.6g formaldehyde, 63g trimeric cyanamide (MELA) and 0.2g yellow soda ash and mix stirring and be heated to 80 ℃, mixture becomes clarification by muddiness, react and add the 61g thanomin after 20 minutes, stirring reaction 100 minutes generates trimeric cyanamide (MELA) liquid (content is 81%).
Second step: (the first step is synthetic for trimeric cyanamide (MELA) liquid of polyether glycol, 10g butyleneglycol (accounting for gross weight 4.9%) and the 15.1g of adding 180g in four-hole boiling flask, content is 81%), connect thermometer and stirring arm, at room temperature continuously stirring is 8 minutes.With the 2,4 toluene diisocyanate and 2 of 7.8g, the 6-tolylene diisocyanate is poured in 2 minutes by the mixture of 20: 80 mixed and is continued in the four-hole boiling flask to stir 50 minutes again, and temperature rises rapidly.After treating that temperature falls after rise, connect the condensing reflux pipe, be lower than-0.1MPa, temperature is to vacuumize 2 hours under 110 ℃ the condition, removes residual monomer, get final product to such an extent that solid content is 10% novel flame-retardant polyether product.
Embodiment 5
The first step: in four-hole boiling flask, add 121.6g formaldehyde, 63g trimeric cyanamide (MELA) and 0.2g yellow soda ash and mix stirring and be heated to 80 ℃, mixture becomes clarification by muddiness, react and add the 61g thanomin after 10 minutes, stirring reaction 120 minutes generates trimeric cyanamide (MELA) liquid (content is 81%).
Second step: (the first step is synthetic for trimeric cyanamide (MELA) liquid of polyether glycol, 11g ethylene glycol (accounting for gross weight 5.3%) and the 30.2g of adding 160g in four-hole boiling flask, content is 81%), connect thermometer and stirring arm, at room temperature continuously stirring is 10 minutes.The 15.5g PPDI was poured in 3 minutes again and continued in the four-hole boiling flask to stir 60 minutes, temperature rises rapidly.Treat that temperature falls after rise after 20 ℃, connect the condensing reflux pipe, be lower than-0.1MPa, temperature is to vacuumize 3 hours under 90 ℃ the condition, removes residual monomer, get final product to such an extent that solid content is 20% novel flame-retardant polyether product.
Embodiment 6
The first step: in four-hole boiling flask, add 121.6g formaldehyde, 63g trimeric cyanamide (MELA) and 0.2g yellow soda ash and mix stirring and be heated to 80 ℃, mixture becomes clarification by muddiness, react and add the 61g thanomin after 10 minutes, stirring reaction 120 minutes generates trimeric cyanamide (MELA) liquid (content is 81%).
Second step: (the first step is synthetic for trimeric cyanamide (MELA) liquid of polyether glycol, 12g ethylene glycol (accounting for gross weight 5.7%) and the 45.3g of adding 140g in four-hole boiling flask, content is 81%), connect thermometer and stirring arm, at room temperature continuously stirring is 12 minutes.The 23.3g m-benzene diisocyanate was poured in the semispecies at 2 minutes again and continued in the four-hole boiling flask to stir 10 minutes, temperature rises rapidly.Treat that temperature falls after rise after 10 ℃, connect the condensing reflux pipe, be lower than-0.1MPa, temperature is to vacuumize 3 hours under 105 ℃ the condition, removes residual monomer, get final product to such an extent that solid content is 30% novel flame-retardant polyether product.
Claims (9)
1, a kind ofly prepares the method for flame retarding polyether, it is characterized in that comprising the steps: with trimeric cyanamide
The first step: the trimeric cyanamide solid mixes stirring and is heated to 80-100 ℃ with formaldehyde, reacted 5～30 minutes; Add hydramine and stirring, reacted 30～180 minutes, generate melamine solution; Trimeric cyanamide: formaldehyde: the mol ratio of hydramine is 1: 3: 2;
Second step: the melamine solution that the polyether glycol and the first step obtain is mixed back stirring 1～15 minute; Add isocyanic ester, stirred 10～60 minutes; After being cooled to 5-35 ℃ ,-0.2～-0.1MPa, temperature vacuumize under 90～120 ℃ the condition, removes residual monomer, can obtain flame retarding polyether;
Do not comprise that the melamine solution of moisture weight and the weight ratio of isocyanic ester and polyether glycol are 0.10～0.35: 1, and isocyanic ester and do not comprise that the mol ratio of the melamine solution of moisture weight is 0.8～1.2: 1.
2, according to claim 1ly prepare the method for flame retarding polyether, it is characterized in that in the first step that add basic catalyst yellow soda ash, sodium bicarbonate, magnesiumcarbonate or calcium hydroxide, consumption is 0.3% weight of trimeric cyanamide with trimeric cyanamide;
3, according to claim 1 and 2ly prepare the method for flame retarding polyether, it is characterized in that in the first step 10～15 minutes reaction times of trimeric cyanamide solid and formaldehyde with trimeric cyanamide; With 60～120 minutes reaction times of hydramine;
4, according to claim 3ly prepare the method for flame retarding polyether with trimeric cyanamide, it is characterized in that the polyether glycol hydroxyl value is between 20～60 in second step, functional group is that molecular weight is between 2000～8000 between 2～4; Polyether glycol mixed the back churning time 5～10 minutes with the melamine solution that the first step obtains.
5, according to claim 4ly prepare the method for flame retarding polyether with trimeric cyanamide, it is characterized in that the polyether glycol hydroxyl value is 56 in second step, functional group is 3, and molecular weight is between 5000.
6, according to claim 5ly prepare the method for flame retarding polyether with trimeric cyanamide, it is characterized in that adding ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or butyleneglycol as dispersion agent in second step, consumption is 3%～6% weight of reactant gross weight;
7, the method for preparing flame retarding polyether with trimeric cyanamide according to claim 6, it is characterized in that in second step, described isocyanic ester comprises m-benzene diisocyanate, PPDI, polymethine polyphenyl polyisocyanate, 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, naphthalene diisocyanate, ditan 4,4 '-or 2,4-or 2,2 '-vulcabond, hexamethylene-diisocyanate be one or more mixtures wherein.
8, according to claim 7ly prepare the method for flame retarding polyether, it is characterized in that described isocyanic ester is 2,4-and 2, the mixture of 6-tolylene diisocyanate with trimeric cyanamide.
9, according to claim 8ly prepare the method for flame retarding polyether, it is characterized in that in second step pressure-0.1MPa that vacuumizes, the time that vacuumizes 2～3 hours with trimeric cyanamide.
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