CN1582709A - Concentrated cow forage for heat resistance and sharp change resistance - Google Patents
Concentrated cow forage for heat resistance and sharp change resistance Download PDFInfo
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- CN1582709A CN1582709A CNA031391575A CN03139157A CN1582709A CN 1582709 A CN1582709 A CN 1582709A CN A031391575 A CNA031391575 A CN A031391575A CN 03139157 A CN03139157 A CN 03139157A CN 1582709 A CN1582709 A CN 1582709A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
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Abstract
A concentrated feed for helping milk cow to resist against hot stress is prepared from soybean dregs, bone powder, stone powder, mineral additive, sesame cake, over-rumen protein, nicotinic acid and edible salt. Its DCAB is 150-250 mEq/kg.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The invention belongs to the animal husbandry production technical field, is a kind of anti heat stress for milk cow concentrate feed that uses the multiple nutrients measure.
Background technology
Cow heat stress is one of the main reason that performance, reproductive performance and immunocompetence descend that causes cow in summer to be given milk.Because the summer high temperature time is long, heat stress effect meeting causes the dairy enormous economic loss.Therefore, the research of cow heat stress mechanism and countermeasure thereof is subjected to extensively paying attention to both at home and abroad.The major measure of taking for cow heat stress relief comprises enhancement of environment, nutrition regulation and breeding approach.Milk cow prevents that the environment control measure of heat stress from comprising in principle and prevents solar radiation, reduces milk cow self heat production, increases by three aspects of heat radiation.Utilize the physical protection measure to alleviate the cow heat stress, can use air-conditioning, measures such as evaporative cooling, mat shelter, ventilation and drinking cold water.But the trophic level of cow influences the production effect of enhancement of environment during inherent cause, environment control level, climatic factor and the heat stress, cause not necessarily economic effect the best of the production environment that suits and maximum production performance, thereby limited the utilization of enhancement of environment on cow produces.Owing to reasons such as production cost and the relative cold-resistant and heat labile biological natures of He Sitan kind, dairy produces that to adopt nutrition regulations be main is more, is aided with the aggregate measures of enhancement of environment.
At present, the domestic and international further investigation that lacks the stalk type daily ration cow heat stress of searching for food.Stalk crude fiber content height, volume are big, poor, the mineral imbalance of protein quality, and be bigger to milk cow dry matter intake, Nutrition and Metabolism influence under the heat stress condition, inevitable its production performance of directly reduction.Because problems such as milk price, feeding cost, production efficiency and raising customs, China is difficult to a large amount of employing high-quality roughages in a short time or increases substantially smart thick than carrying out raising dairy cattle.Therefore, rationally solving stalk type daily ration cow heat stress problem, is the important topic that promotes China's straw animal development.
In existing searching field, it is as follows to detect pertinent literature.Wherein one piece is " cow heat stress feed addictive research (Xia Miaosheng etc.; cow heat stress feed addictive research [J]; Chinese milk cow; 1994; 2:43-45) ", and 12 test Niu Jinhang are adopted in research under 27.8～28.2 ℃ of conditions, every day search for food 6 kilograms of fine fodders, 35 kilograms of cobalt blue pigments, 6 kilograms of poor classes of every ox, use Chinese herbal feed additive (2.5～3%) to carry out test in 22 days, the test group output of milk is brought up to 16kg by 14kg as a result.There are three problems in above-mentioned research, and the one, the nutrition measure is single; The 2nd, Chinese herbal feed additive usage ratio too high (2.5～3%) is because Chinese herbal medicine resource and price problem are difficult to large-scale promotion application; The 3rd, though can increase production, but with interpolation nicotinic acid (Liu Xuejian, the trophism of nicotinic acid and the application [J] in milk cow produces thereof, Chinese milk cow, 1998,1:27-28), regulate daily ration anion-cation balance (Zhang Wei, Jia Zhihai, ruminant anion-cation balance progress [J], Chinese feed, 2003,2:31-32) wait the nutrition measure relatively, amount of increase in production remains further to be improved.One piece is State Intellectual Property Office's invention disclosed patent application on December 10 in 1996: " with the method for highly condensed nutritious feed breeding milk cow ", application number: 95191104, its feature reaches in the time in six weeks in first three week of cow birth, branch puerperium most, the highly enriched amino acid feed of feeding every day, this feed contains at the guarded amino acid of the first stomach of ox, amino acid consists of lysine, methionine, isoleucine, valine, arginine, histidine before the childbirth, and amino acid contained concentration is milk cow 1.5～3 times in abomasum and intestines portion requirement; Divide puerperium amino acid to consist of lysine, methionine, isoleucine, valine, histidine, amino acid contained concentration is milk cow 1.1～2 times in abomasum and intestines portion requirement.There are three problems in above-mentioned research, and the one, the nutrition measure is single; The 2nd, increase feeding cost, and complex operation; The 3rd, other technology (rumen bypass protein) can reach identical purpose, and simple and easy to do.One piece is " the novel milk cow forage of Brazil's development (Chinese food newspaper, 2000.11.22, A4 version) ", is a kind of novel fodder that can make milk cow produce low fat, high-protein milk, and it is characterized by increases cla levels in the feed.Though this research is a kind of novel milk cow forage, not to be purpose with the cow heat stress relief.One piece is " research (Li Jianguo, qualification time 1998.12) that heat stress reduces cow reproduction and lactation power ", and the relation of heat stress and milk cow hormonal change rule has been verified in research.The research does not relate to the nutrition measure of cow heat stress relief.One piece is State Intellectual Property Office's invention disclosed patent application on October 12 in 1994: " composition of heat stress of laying hens alleviant and preparation method ", application number: 93112400, additive is wherein formed and is comprised melissa powder 57～84%, vitamin C 1～3%, sodium acid carbonate 10～30%, Valrelease 0.01～0.05%, antioxidant 0.03～0.06%, this research has the effect of alleviating heat stress to laying hen, and whether can alleviate heat stress can't compare milk cow, and for milk cow, melissa powder raw material consumption and price are restricted, and are difficult to large-scale application.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of anti heat stress for milk cow concentrate feed that can alleviate stalk type daily ration cow heat stress, reduce feeding cost, raising milk producing ability and economic benefit.Its technology contents is:
Form by big dregs of beans, bone meal, stone flour, mineral additive, sesame-send cake, rumen bypass protein and nicotinic acid, its percentage by weight is: big dregs of beans 30.0～60.0%, bone meal 5～10%, stone flour 2～5%, mineral additive 3.0～6.0%, sesame-send cake 10.0～25.0%, rumen bypass protein 10.0～25.0%, nicotinic acid 1.5～4.0%; (Dietarycation-anion balance is DCAB) by [(Na in anion-cation balance in the concentrate feed
++ K
+)-(Cl
-+ S
2-)] calculate, scope is+150mEq/kg～+ 250mEq/kg.
Described anti heat stress for milk cow concentrate feed, each content of forming is in the composition of mineral additive and the per kilogram mineral additive: KCl 85.1g, CuSO4.5H2O 12.0g, MnSO4.1H2O 25.7g, ZnSO4.7H2O 87.5g, 5%KI 3.1g, 5%Na2SeO3 6.8g, 5%CoCl2 8.8g, buffer 400～650g, other is the carrier adsorbent.
Described anti heat stress for milk cow concentrate feed, buffer be sodium acid carbonate, magnesia, sodium carbonate one or more; The carrier adsorbent be zeolite powder, stone flour one or more.
Described anti heat stress for milk cow concentrate feed, the sesame-send cake in the rumen bypass protein uses 0.4～0.6% formaldehyde or 50～80% blood conservations.
The concentrate feed prescription that the present invention relates to is based on cow in summer metabolic characteristic and ruminant alimentary canal nutrition regulation theory, adopt and replenish mineral homeostasis daily ration zwitterion, add nutrition measures such as rumen bypass protein and anti-heat stress nutriment, develop low-cost anti heat stress for milk cow concentrated feed.In prescription, rumen bypass protein can improve cow protein matter feed intake and utilization ratio under the heat stress condition, guarantees the protein requirement of lactation; A large amount of sesame-send cakes that use can reduce the concentrated feed cost in the prescription; Improve the daily ration zwitterion and replenish mineral matter, can improve dry matter intake, help to keep anion-cation balance in the body, obviously alleviate heat stress.The present invention utilizes crops and processed side product feed prepared thereof, be applicable to each lactation period of high temperature season (more than 21 ℃ time milk cow production performance begin descend) stalk type daily ration milk cow, effectively alleviated the heat stress problem of milk cow in producing, increase yield significantly, economic benefit are obvious.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: select close 3～5 tires of body condition, lactation amount close (22.5 ± 2.1kg), 70 of lactation holstein cows in mid-term, be divided into 3 groups at random, wherein control group is 10, each 30 of test I, II groups.Through variance analysis, each test group lactation amount difference is remarkable (P＞0.05) not.The control group fine fodder consists of: corn 43.0%, dregs of beans 28.0%, wheat bran 23.0%, bone meal 2.0%, stone flour 2.0%, salt 1.5%, commodity mineral additive 0.1% (iron 85g/kg, copper 15g/kg, manganese 40g/kg, zinc 100g/kg, iodine 0.6g/kg, selenium 0.5g/kg, cobalt 1g/kg), sodium bicarbonate 1.4%.Test I, II organize the complete feeds of 25% concentrate feed prescription, 1,2 preparations of searching for food respectively.Wherein concentrate feed prescription 1 is formed: (wherein each content of forming is in the composition of mineral additive and the per kilogram mineral additive: KCl 85.1g, CuSO4.5H2O 12.0g, MnSO4.1H2O 25.7g, ZnSO4.7H2O 87.5g, 5%KI 3.1g, 5%Na2SeO3 6.8g, 5%CoCl2 8.8g for big dregs of beans 33.0%, bone meal 8.8%, stone flour 4.0%, mineral additive 5.2%, sodium acid carbonate 550g, other is a zeolite powder), sesame-send cake 20.0%, rumen bypass protein 20.0%, salt 6.0%, nicotinic acid 3.0%, DCAB 200mEq/kg; Concentrate feed prescription 2 is formed: (wherein each content of forming is in the composition of mineral additive and the per kilogram mineral additive: KCl 85.1g, CuSO4.5H2O 12.0g, MnSO4.1H2O 25.7g, ZnSO4.7H2O 87.5g, 5%KI 3.1g, 5%Na2SeO3 6.8g, 5%CoCl2 8.8g for big dregs of beans 33.0%, bone meal 8.8%, stone flour 4.0%, mineral additive 5.2%, magnesia 500g, other is a stone flour), rumen bypass protein 40.0%, salt 6.0%, nicotinic acid 3.0%, DCAB 230mEq/kg.In this test, press concentrate feed 25%, corn 43.0%, dregs of beans 16.0%, the complete feed that wheat bran 16.0% cooperates.Control group, test I group, test II group are all by basestocks 1.5kg, and the ratio that every product 3kg milk adds the 1kg material is supplied with.The free choice feeding ensiling is freely drunk water.
Before on-test, each organizes dry matter intake difference not remarkable (P＞0.05), experimental period control group, test I, II group dry matter intake be respectively 17.30,18.45,18.82kg, test I, II group dry matter intake improves 6.7,8.8% respectively, difference is (P＜0.01) extremely significantly.Before on-test, each organizes output of milk difference not significantly (P＞0.05), and through 2 months experimental period, control group, test I, the II group output of milk were respectively 21.50,23.59,24.02kg, test I, II group comparison be you can well imagine height according to component and is given milk 9.7,11.7%, significant difference (P＜0.05).Test I, II group is compared with control group, can significantly improve triiodo thryonine (T in the serum
3) and cortisol levels (P＜0.05).Li Jianguo etc. (1998) report heat stress can change He Sitanniu endocrine pattern, and summer fever stress make T in the serum
3(Li Jianguo etc., heat stress is to the milk cow physiology influence of value, blood parameters, breeding and milk performance often [J], Agricultural University Of Hebei's journal, 1998,21 (4): 69-75) in decline with cortisol levels.Shi Binlin etc. (1996) report cortisol content have similar variation (Shi Binlin etc., milk cow heat resistance assessment Study of indexes [J], Chinese milk cow, 1996,2:20-22).Corresponding index raises, and illustrates that heat stress obtains certain alleviation.Test I, II group is worth than control group milk and increases by 9.7,11.7% (P＜0.01) respectively; Compare with control group, test I, II group profit improves 6.53,7.07% respectively.
Embodiment 2: select close 3 ~ 5 tires of body condition, lactation amount close (18.6 ± 2.2kg), 30 of the holstein cows in 2～May of lactation, be divided into 3 groups at random, each 10 of control groups, test I group, II group.Through variance analysis, each test group lactation amount difference is remarkable (P＞0.05) not.The control group fine fodder consists of: corn 37.6%, dregs of beans 28.2%, wheat bran 28.2%, bone meal 2.8%, salt 2.8%, commodity mineral additive 0.1% (iron 50g/kg, copper 10g/kg, manganese 40g/kg, zinc 80g/kg, iodine 0.5g/kg, selenium 0.1g/kg, cobalt 0.1g/kg), vitamin E 0.04%, vitamin C 0.1%, commodity compound vitamin 0.1% (containing VA 1,200 ten thousand IU, VD3 3,000,000 IU).Test I, II organize the complete feeds of 40% concentrate feed prescription, 1,2 preparations of searching for food respectively.Wherein concentrate feed prescription 1 is formed: (wherein each content of forming is in the composition of mineral additive and the per kilogram mineral additive: KCl 85.1g, CuSO4.5H2O 12.0g, MnSO4.1H2O 25.7g, ZnSO4.7H2O 87.5g, 5%KI 3.1g, 5%Na2SeO3 6.8g, 5%CoCl2 8.8g for big dregs of beans 58.2%, bone meal 5.5%, stone flour 2.5%, mineral additive 3.2%, sodium acid carbonate 550g, other is a zeolite powder), sesame-send cake 12.5%, rumen bypass protein 12.5%, salt 3.8%, nicotinic acid 1.8%, DCAB 160mEq/kg; Concentrate feed prescription 2 is formed: (wherein each content of forming is in the composition of mineral additive and the per kilogram mineral additive: KCl 85.1g, CuSO4.5H2O 12.0g, MnSO4.1H2O 25.7g, ZnSO4.7H2O 87.5g, 5%KI 3.1g, 5%Na2SeO3 6.8g, 5%CoCl2 8.8g for big dregs of beans 58.2%, bone meal 5.5%, stone flour 2.5%, mineral additive 3.2%, sodium carbonate 6000g, other is a stone flour), rumen bypass protein 25.0%, salt 3.8%, nicotinic acid 1.8%, DCAB 190mEq/kg.In this test, press concentrate feed 40%, corn 43.0%, dregs of beans 1%, the complete feed that wheat bran 16.0% cooperates.Control group, test I group, test II group are all by basestocks 1.5kg, and the ratio that every product 3kg milk adds the 1kg material is supplied with.The free choice feeding ensiling is freely drunk water.
Before on-test, each organizes dry matter intake difference not remarkable (P＞0.05), experimental period control group, test I, II group dry matter intake be respectively 15.06,16.19,16.44kg, test I, II group dry matter intake improves 7.5,9.1% respectively, difference is (P＜0.01) extremely significantly.Before on-test, each organizes output of milk difference not significantly (P＞0.05), and through 3 months experimental period, control group, test I, the II group output of milk were respectively 18.19,20.37,20.54kg, test I, II group comparison be you can well imagine height according to component and is given milk 12.0,12.9%, significant difference (P＜0.05).Test I, II group is worth than control group milk and increases by 12.0,12.9% (P＜0.01) respectively; Compare with control group, test I, II group profit improves 11.25,10.35% respectively.
China's straw feed resource abundance based on the stalk type daily ration, is aided with the multiple nutrients measure, and development NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE feed is a kind of application technology with higher economic benefit and promotional value.The present invention utilizes crops and processed side product thereof to carry out production of fodder, be applicable to each lactation period of high temperature season (more than 21 ℃ time milk cow production performance begin descend) stalk type daily ration milk cow, effectively alleviated the heat stress problem of milk cow in producing, increase yield significantly, economic benefit are obvious.Meet national industrial policies, help lend some impetus to herding volume increase, improve the agricultural byproducts added value, promote the development of straw animal, and radiation drives the development of related industry, have good impetus for the adjustment of agricultural structure.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of anti heat stress for milk cow concentrate feed, it is characterized in that: form by big dregs of beans, bone meal, stone flour, mineral additive, sesame-send cake, rumen bypass protein and nicotinic acid, its percentage by weight is: big dregs of beans 30.0～60.0%, bone meal 5～10%, stone flour 2～5%, mineral additive 3.0～6.0%, sesame-send cake 10.0～25.0%, rumen bypass protein 10.0～25.0%, nicotinic acid 1.5～4.0%, salt 2.0.～8.0%; Anion-cation balance is by [(Na in the concentrate feed
++ K
+)-(Cl
-+ S
2-)] calculate, scope is+150mEq/kg～+ 250mEq/kg.
2, anti heat stress for milk cow concentrate feed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: each content of forming is in the composition of mineral additive and the per kilogram mineral additive: KCl 85.1g, CuSO4.5H2O 12.0g, MnSO4.1H2O 25.7g, ZnSO4.7H2O 87.5g, 5%KI 3.1g, 5%Na2SeO3 6.8g, 5%CoCl2 8.8g, buffer 400～650g, other is the carrier adsorbent.
3, as claim 1,2 described anti heat stress for milk cow concentrate feeds, it is characterized in that: buffer be sodium acid carbonate, magnesia, sodium carbonate one or more.
4, as claim 1,2 described anti heat stress for milk cow concentrate feeds, it is characterized in that: the carrier adsorbent be zeolite powder, stone flour one or more.
5, anti heat stress for milk cow concentrate feed as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the sesame-send cake in the rumen bypass protein uses 0.4～0.6% formaldehyde or 50～80% blood conservations.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031391575A CN1225190C (en) | 2003-08-22 | 2003-08-22 | Concentrated cow forage for heat resistance and sharp change resistance |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031391575A CN1225190C (en) | 2003-08-22 | 2003-08-22 | Concentrated cow forage for heat resistance and sharp change resistance |
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|---|---|
| CN1582709A true CN1582709A (en) | 2005-02-23 |
| CN1225190C CN1225190C (en) | 2005-11-02 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101530174B (en) * | 2009-04-16 | 2012-05-09 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | Cow heat stress relief feed and regulation and control method thereof |
| CN103202395A (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2013-07-17 | 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所 | Special concentrated feed for yak and preparation method thereof |
| CN105010812A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-11-04 | 谷实农牧集团股份有限公司 | Concentrated feed supplementing feed for supplementing heat-stressed and postpartum energy shortage of dairy cows |
| CN106538857A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-03-29 | 黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧研究所 | A kind of feedstuff buffer agent of ensilage and its preparation method and application |
| CN107455580A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2017-12-12 | 西南大学 | A kind of fattening cattle concentrate supplement |
| CN112273321A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-01-29 | 四川农业大学 | Low-altitude barn feeding fattening method for yaks |
-
2003
- 2003-08-22 CN CNB031391575A patent/CN1225190C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101530174B (en) * | 2009-04-16 | 2012-05-09 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | Cow heat stress relief feed and regulation and control method thereof |
| CN103202395A (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2013-07-17 | 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所 | Special concentrated feed for yak and preparation method thereof |
| CN103202395B (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2015-02-04 | 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所 | Special concentrated feed for yak and preparation method thereof |
| CN105010812A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-11-04 | 谷实农牧集团股份有限公司 | Concentrated feed supplementing feed for supplementing heat-stressed and postpartum energy shortage of dairy cows |
| CN106538857A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-03-29 | 黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧研究所 | A kind of feedstuff buffer agent of ensilage and its preparation method and application |
| CN107455580A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2017-12-12 | 西南大学 | A kind of fattening cattle concentrate supplement |
| CN112273321A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-01-29 | 四川农业大学 | Low-altitude barn feeding fattening method for yaks |
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|---|---|
| CN1225190C (en) | 2005-11-02 |
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