CN1564205A - Vehicle valuator having region identification and valuation functions - Google Patents
Vehicle valuator having region identification and valuation functions Download PDFInfo
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- CN1564205A CN1564205A CN 200410019015 CN200410019015A CN1564205A CN 1564205 A CN1564205 A CN 1564205A CN 200410019015 CN200410019015 CN 200410019015 CN 200410019015 A CN200410019015 A CN 200410019015A CN 1564205 A CN1564205 A CN 1564205A
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Abstract
Price-marking meter includes GPS receiver and single chip control system. GPS receiver receives and processes GPS data, calculates position of a vehicle, and transfers the said data to single chip control system. The single chip control system includes single chip, connected UARTl, UART2 communication ports, data storage, price-marking meter and relevant interface as well as software needed. The invention is capable of recognizing crowded area or sections of routes, and determining charge standard.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the zone identification and the pricing device of the vehicle of a kind of zone identification of vehicle and pricing device, especially applied global positioning system technology (GlobelPosition System is called for short GPS), be applied to Transportation Demand Management.
Background technology
The appearance of automobile makes people's trip and freight transportation become more efficient and convenient, when but it brings enormous benefits to the mankind, also caused a series of problem, as urban traffic congestion and living therefrom traffic hazard, traffic hazard has then further aggravated congested in traffic even has caused obstruction to traffic.In order to solve the urban traffic congestion problem, road infrastructure is all being built in large quantities by many developed countries and developing country, but because the rapid effect of collection of population in surge of the quantity of motor vehicles and the Process of Urbanization only depends on the very difficult urban traffic congestion problem that fundamentally solves of road infrastructure of building.In the face of increasingly serious congested in traffic problem, some experts have proposed Transportation Demand Management (Travel Demand Management both at home and abroad, abbreviation TDM) notion, the clear and definite thought that solves urban transport problems from two aspects of supply and demand, this is in traffic programme and solves a transformation on the urban transport problems guiding theory.
Utilize the thought of Transportation Demand Management; the vehicle low to traffic efficiency; as taxi; by improving it in crowded zone or this economic means optimising and adjustment Traffic Distribution of charge standard in highway section; suppress the low vehicle of traffic efficiency; as taxi; during traffic peak to limited path space resource occupation; thereby the trip mode of traveler is shifted to high power capacity by low capacity; improve the road utilization rate in congested area or highway section; not only can effectively solve the urban traffic congestion, and environmental protection, energy savings are all had significant effect.To exceed standard valuation recovery of the capital partly by technological means, be used to build road infrastructure.
Transportation Demand Management has proposed many new scientific research tasks for people, how to utilize Geographic Information System of the prior art (Geographical Information System, abbreviation GIS) method of exploitation vehicle region identification is the task that at first will solve, redevelopment has zone identification and valuation functional circuit on the basis of this method, exploitation at last has the fee register of zone identification and valuation function, these all are the technical matterss of being badly in need of solution, and the technical scheme that does not also solve the problems of the technologies described above in the prior art.
In Geographic Information System is to utilize modern computer figure and database technology, in order to the geographic data system of input, storage, editor, analysis, display space information and attribute information thereof.The information that the key distinction of it and other infosystems is its storage and processing is through geocoding, and geographic position and the atural object attribute information relevant with this position become the pith of information retrieval.In Geographic Information System, real world is expressed as a series of geographic element and geographical phenomenon, and these geographic entitys are made up of locus reference information and two parts of non-positional information at least.Component geographic information system (ComponentsGeographical Information System, be called for short ComGIS) be object oriented programming model and the application of assembly type software in Geographic Information System (GIS) software, be technical foundation with The Component Object Model and ActiveX control.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is, a kind of vehicle fee register with zone identification and valuation function is provided, be applied in the Transportation Demand Management, to during traffic peak, being in the low vehicle of traffic utilization factor in congested area or highway section, as taxi, improve charge standard, to improve the road utilization rate in congested area or highway section.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, vehicle fee register with zone identification and valuation function of the present invention, comprise GPS receiver and single-chip computer control system, the GPS receiver receives and handles gps data, calculate the position of its place vehicle in real time, and vehicle position data passed to single-chip computer control system, it is characterized in that, described single-chip computer control system comprises single-chip microcomputer and connected UART1 communication interface, the UART2 communication interface, data-carrier store, fee register and fee register communication interface, described single-chip computer control system stores master routine, the zone recognition subroutine, URAT1 interrupt service subroutine and URAT2 interrupt service subroutine, described single-chip computer control system are carried out following steps when the operation master routine:
(1), system hardware and each variable of system are carried out initialization;
(2), to being that the GPS receiver carries out initialization;
(3), receive gps data, and judge whether to receive, for not, then continue to carry out this step as judged result;
(4), as the judged result of (3) step for not, then gps data is handled and is generated regional recognition data;
(5), each rectangular area is discerned;
(6), the qualified rectangular area of recording storage number;
(7), judge whether all rectangular areas have all been discerned and finish, for not, then return (5) step as judged result;
(8), as the judged result of (7) step for being, then the corresponding polygonal region in qualified rectangular area is discerned one by one, obtain the required cost coefficient of fee register;
(9), upgrade the cost coefficient of current fee register, and return (3) step;
Described regional recognition subroutine is used to finish the identification to mts region, and described single-chip computer control system moves this subroutine when carrying out above-mentioned master routine (8) step, and single-chip computer control system is carried out following steps when the recognition subroutine of operation area:
(10), the file of spreading out the map, call in map;
(11), newly-built figure layer;
(12), add identified region, and will represent the polygonal summit geographic coordinate of required identified region, be input on the electronic urban map;
(13), call in the gps data of vehicle;
(14), the geographic coordinate with the vehicle present position is input on electronic urban map;
(15), carry out the coordinate translation, obtain the two-end-point A on polygonal one side, the coordinate values of B;
(16), judge that this point whether on Y-axis, for not, then carries out (20) step as judged result;
(17), as the judged result in (16) step for being, whether the ordinate value of then judging this point greater than zero;
(18), as the judged result in (17) step for not, then radian is 3 pi/2s, and carries out (22) step;
(19), as the judged result in (17) step for being, then radian is a pi/2, and carries out (22) step;
(20), the traditional method of indicating the pronunciation of a Chinese character value of asking A, B to order, obtain the radian value that A is ordered;
(21), the radian value of 2 of A, B under the school;
(22), obtain the radian value of 2 of A, B;
(23), radian is converted to angle;
(24), 2 angle subtract each other differential seat angle;
(25), differential seat angle is proofreaied and correct;
(26), ask differential seat angle to add up and;
(27), judge whether to calculate last one side, for not, then return (15) step as judged result;
(28), as the judged result in (27) step for being, judge that then differential seat angle adds up and whether equal 360 °;
(29), as in (28) step as judged result for being then to reach a conclusion; Vehicle is in the zone;
(30), as in (28) step as judged result for not, then reach a conclusion; Vehicle is outside the zone.
(31), judge whether to stop know to know, for not, then carry out (13) step as judged result; , then stop identification, and return master routine (8) step for being as the judged result in (31) step;
Also store the URAT1 interrupt service subroutine in the described single-chip computer control system, be used to receive the information data of G PS receiver transmission and send information data to the GPS receiver, the reception of information data and transmission are finished in interruption by interface UART1, and described single-chip computer control system is carried out following steps when operation URAT1 interrupt service subroutine:
(32), judge whether to receive and for not, then adjust accepting state as judged result by $, reception again;
(33), as the judged result of (32) step for being then to receive leading reference symbol;
(34), judge whether for not, then to adjust accepting state as judged result by Deng Yu $GPRMC reception again;
(35), as the judged result of (34) step for being then to receive and the storing message data;
(36), judge verification and, for not, then adjust accepting state as judged result, receive again;
(37), as the judged result of (36) step for being that then sign is received in set;
Also there is the URAT2 interrupt service subroutine in the described single-chip computer control system, be used for the reception and the transmission of information data between control single chip computer and the fee register, the reception of information data and transmission are finished in interruption by interface UART2, and described single-chip computer control system is carried out following steps when operation URAT2 interrupt service subroutine:
(38), judge it is to receive or send, for receiving, then carry out (42) step as judged result;
(39), as (38) step judged result for sending, then whether judgment data sends and finishes, as this judged result for being then to withdraw from;
(40), as (39) step judged result for not, then send data;
(41), withdraw from after transmitting counter adds 1;
(42), be accepting state as (38) step judged result, then whether judgment data is stx or ext, as this judged result is otherwise carries out (45) step;
(43), as (42) step judged result for being, then whether judgment data is stx, as this judged result for not, then En-tx=1, Start-rec=0 and withdraw from;
(44), as (43) step judged result for being, Start-rec=1 and withdrawing from then;
(45), as (42) step judged result for not, judge then whether Start-rec equals 1,, then withdraw from for not as this judged result;
(46), as (45) step judged result for being then to receive data;
(47), judge whether En-tx equals 1,, then withdraw from for not as judged result;
(48), as (47) step judged result for being, load and send data En-tx=0;
(49), start transmission, transmitting counter zero clearing;
(50), withdraw from.
As first kind of improvement of technique scheme, described a kind of vehicle fee register with zone identification and valuation function is characterized in that described GPS receiver also is provided with standby power supply and state state device.
As second kind of improvement of technique scheme, described storer is a Serial E
2Prom memory, the satellitosis data when being used for last correct location are input to the GPS receiver, make after the cold start-up of GPS receiver the most correctly location.
As the third improvement of technique scheme, described single-chip computer control system also comprises download of JATG program and regulator debugging interface.
The 4th kind of improvement as technique scheme also has visit E in the described data-carrier store
2The POM subroutine is used for single-chip computer control system and E
2Data communication between the prom memory, described single-chip computer control system is at operation visit E
2Carry out following steps during the POM subroutine:
(1), whether sky closes to judge bus, for being, then continues to carry out this step as judged result;
(2), as the judged result of (1) step for not, the then set bus will of hurrying;
(3), judge it is also write operation of read operation, be write operation as judged result, then carry out (12) step;
(4), be read operation as the judged result in (3), then send the bus commencing signal;
(5), sending device address date;
(6), judge whether to receive ack signal, as judged result for being then to carry out (8) step;
(7), as the judged result in (6) for not, then send the bus stop signal, and return (4) step;
(8), receive data;
(9), whether the judgment data reception finishes, and is not as judged result, then sends ack signal, returns (8) step;
(10), as the judged result in (9) for being then to send the NACK signal;
(11), send the bus stop signal, and withdraw from;
(12), be write operation as the judged result in (3), then send the bus commencing signal;
(13), sending device address date;
(14), judge whether to receive ack signal,, then send the bus stop signal, and return (12) step for not as judged result;
(15), as the judged result in (14) for being, then send data;
(16), judge whether to receive ack signal,, then send the bus stop signal, and return (12) step for not as judged result;
(17), as the judged result of (16) step for being, then judgment data sends and finishes, finishing as transmission then sends the bus stop signal, and withdraws from;
(18), as the judged result of (16) step for not, then return (15) step.
The 5th kind of improvement as technique scheme, also there is visit RTC subroutine in the described data-carrier store, be used for the data communication between control single chip computer control system and the DS1305, described single-chip computer control system is carried out following steps when operation visit RTC subroutine:
(1), putting the NSS signal wire is low level;
(2), judge it is read data or write data, be write data as judged result, then carry out (8) step;
(3), be read data as the judged result in (2), write data register address then;
(4), time for reading data;
(5), judge whether read data finishes, for not, then return (4) step as judged result;
(6), as the judged result in (5) for being, processing time data then;
(7), to put the NSS signal wire be high level, withdraw from;
(8), be write data as the judged result in (2), write data register address then;
(9), DS1305 is set for writing state;
(10), write data register address;
(11), write time data;
(12), judge that whether write data finishes, and for not, then returns (11) step as judged result;
(13), as the judged result in (12) for being, then carry out (8) step.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect: (1) the present invention can discern vehicle and whether be in crowded zone or highway section, and can determine corresponding charge standard by the residing position of vehicle, be the realization of Transportation Demand Management, provide technical support for effectively solving the urban traffic congestion; (2) can suppress the low vehicle of traffic efficiency; as taxi; during traffic peak to limited path space resource occupation; thereby the trip mode of traveler is shifted to high power capacity by low capacity; improve the road utilization rate in congested area or highway section; not only can effectively solve the urban traffic congestion, and environmental protection, energy savings are all had significant effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a hardware components system chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the debugging enironment synoptic diagram of C8051F020Y single-chip microcomputer;
Fig. 3 is level transferring chip MAX232 and peripheral components connection layout thereof;
Fig. 4 is the power unit block diagram;
Fig. 5 is 12V-5V change-over circuit figure;
Fig. 6 is that direct current is every straight and 5V-3V power-switching circuit figure;
Fig. 7 is the AT24C02 pinouts;
Fig. 8 is AT24C02 and interface microcontroller circuit diagram;
Fig. 9 is DS1305 and interface microcontroller circuit diagram;
Figure 10 is a minimum rectangular area synoptic diagram of determining to comprise polygonal region;
Figure 11 is the process flow diagram of master routine;
Figure 12 is the process flow diagram of regional recognition subroutine;
Figure 13 is the process flow diagram of UART1 interrupt service subroutine;
Figure 14 is the process flow diagram of UART2 interrupt service subroutine;
Figure 15 is the anti-E that asks
2The process flow diagram of PRAM subroutine;
Figure 16 is anti-process flow diagram of asking the RCT subroutine.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is elaborated.
Function with vehicle fee register of zone identification and valuation function of the present invention is to accept the information that the GPS receiver sends, parse needed positional information and calculate the current present position of vehicle, thereby determine exercise price according to specific regional recognizer; This price data is sent to fee register according to specific communication protocol.For fee register, use the installation custom in order to continue it, change its version, adopt fee register of the prior art.Vehicle fee register with zone identification and valuation function of the present invention is divided into two parts: hardware components and software section.
One, hardware components
As shown in Figure 1, vehicle fee register with zone identification and valuation function of the present invention comprises GPS receiver and single-chip computer control system, and single-chip computer control system comprises single-chip microcomputer and connected UART1 communication interface, UART2 communication interface, real time clock circuit, data-carrier store, status displays and the download of JATG program and the regulator mouth of trying.The GPS receiver is passed on the vehicle position information of receiving and is passed single-chip computer control system by the RS232 interface, single-chip computer control system is judged this moment residing regional location of vehicle and charge standard according to regional recognizer, and this charge standard is presented on the taximeter by communication interface, judge residing regional location of vehicle and charge standard this moment according to regional recognizer, and by communication interface this charge standard is presented on the taximeter, realize the function of zone identification and valuation thus.
1, GPS receiver
The effect of gps signal receiver is: capture the signal by the selected satellite to be measured of certain satellite altitude cutoff angle, and follow the tracks of the operation of these satellites, received gps signal is carried out conversion, amplification and processing, so that measure the travel-time of gps signal from the satellite to the receiver antenna, separate and translate the navigation message that gps satellite sends, calculate the three-dimensional position of survey station in real time, position, even three-dimensional velocity and time.
GPS receiver among the present invention can be selected " Jupiter " GPS receiver for use, also can select the GM-305GPS receiver for use." Jupiter " GPS receiver mainly comprises antenna part, receiving unit, data processing section.This receiver is by two serial ports and external communication, and serial ports 1 is main serial ports, and serial ports 2 is auxiliary serial ports (correction is provided).Wherein, serial ports 1 is a full duplex mode, and serial ports 2 is a half-duplex mode.Its inner these two serial ports that pass through connect with its external devices or equipment, also can dispose its serial ports characteristic with software programming or hardware setting.The storage mode that the user of reception data can select has three kinds: SRAM, ROM, EEPROM.
GM-305 GPS receiver has receiving antenna, data processing, interface and exports incorporate design, save the space, need not be installed on roof, need only be contained in headstock windshield back and get final product, the RS-232 communication interface output of standard makes it and the single-chip computer control system interface is easy and the increase communication distance.GM-305 GPS receiver is integrated in one with antenna, reception data processing and communication interface.Be connected with other device by a five-core cable (two power supply signal line, RS-232 receipts/signalling line and 1PPS output signal line).Single-chip computer control system is communicated by letter with it by RS-232 receipts/signalling line, finishes its configuration.
GPS receiver output data agreement, " Jupiter " GPS receiver and GM-305 GPS receiver all adopt the unified standard form NMEA-0183 of GPS, and ASCII character is adopted in output.As required, can control the output of GPS, receive the data that oneself need form by to GPS receiver transmitting control commands.The data of the Shi $GPRMC form that adopts among the present invention.The coordinate system of GPS is the WGS-84 coordinate system.
2, single-chip computer control system
In the single-chip computer control system, because regional recognizer will be done a large amount of floating-point operations, and by a large amount of storage spaces of regional database needs that form based on the GIS platform, this just requires microprocessor to have instruction process ability at a high speed and a large amount of storeies, and the speed of present popular MCS-51 microcontroller can't meet the demands.By analysis, relatively, adopted the C8051FXXX Series chip.
Cygnal C8051FXXX single-chip microcomputer is integrated mixed signal SOC (system on a chip) (SOC System on chip), has and MCS-51 kernel and the compatible fully microcontroller of instruction set.Except digital peripherals parts with standard 8051, also integrated analog component and other digital peripherals and functional part commonly used in the data acquistion and control system in the sheet).The Cygnal single-chip microcomputer is fully-integrated mixed-signal system level MCU chip, is 100 pin TQFP encapsulation, has 64 digital I/O pins.
In the present invention, adopted the C8051F020 single-chip microcomputer mainly to be because the powerful instruction process ability of its CIP-51 kernel can satisfy the needs of regional recognizer.In addition, have the Flash memory and the JTEG download interface of 64K byte in its sheet, all provide convenience for online programming and debugging.C8051F020 CPU and standard 8051 are compatible fully.The CygnalC8051F020 single-chip microcomputer adopts the CIP-51 kernel, and is compatible entirely with the MCS-51 order set, has 111 instructions, the ASM-51 of available standards, the program of Keil C higher level lanquage exploitation compiling C8051F020 single-chip microcomputer.C8051F020 CPU has high speed instruction process ability.8051 machine cycles of standard will take 12 system clock cycles, carry out an instruction and minimumly want a machine cycle.Cygnal C8051F020 single-chip microcomputer instruction process adopts pipeline organization, and the machine cycle is reduced to 1 system clock cycle by 12 system clock cycles of standard, and instruction process can improve by force rate MCS-51 greatly.It is to finish in one or two system clock cycle that the instruction of CIP-51 kernel 70% is carried out, and has only the execution of four instructions to need 4 above clock period.Cygnal C8051F020 has the program and the data address configuration of standard 8051.Its data memory comprises the RAM of 256 bytes, and wherein high 128 bytes can only be with the SFR address space of direct addressing method visit.Low 128 bytes can be visited with direct or indirect addressing mode.Preceding 32 bytes are 4 general purpose working registers, ensuing 16 bytes both can byte addressing also can be by bit addressing.C8051F020 also can extend to the 64K data RAM except there is expansion 4K data RAM outer plate inside.C8051F020 Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) program storer is the Flash memory of 64K byte, and this memory can be sector programming by 512 bytes, can online programming, and do not need outside sheet, to provide program voltage.The sector that this memory under program is not used all can be used as the Nonvolatile data memory by the sector.Cygnal C8051F020 series monolithic has debug circuit and jtag interface in the sheet, can realize non-intrusion type " at sheet " debugging, and the C8051F020 debugging enironment is illustrated in fig. 2 shown below.
The singlechip controller circuit is made of C8051F020 single-chip microcomputer and peripheral chip thereof, and it is the hardware core of total system.The main effect that the singlechip controller circuit is finished is: 1) accept the information that the GPS receiver sends from UART1; 2) resolve the data that receive, desired datas such as intercepting longitude and latitude, time deposit data-carrier store in; 3) according to regional recognizer current location is discerned; 4) recognition result is sent according to the agreement of formulating through UART2; 5) finishing the initialization of GPS receiver and the state of recognition result shows.
The design of the communication interface of C8051F020 single-chip microcomputer and GPS receiver: GPS receiver and C8051F020 microcontroller communication interface adopt 8 asynchronous serial communication interfaces, one frame information is 10: 1 start bit, 8 bit data positions (low level formerly) and 1 position of rest, baud rate is 4800, and communications protocol is according to the NEMA-0183 consensus standard.Because the port pinout of C8051F020 single-chip microcomputer allows the input of 5V voltage, so directly the output of GPS receiver and the input pin butt joint of C8051F020 single-chip microcomputer are got final product.The RX end of the TX termination C8051F020 of GPS, the TX end of the RX termination C8051F020 of GPS.
The communication interface of the design of the communication interface of C8051F020 and fee register: C8051F020 and fee register adopts the rs-232 standard interface.EIA RS-232 is the formal serial bus standard of announcing of EIA, also is the most frequently used serial interface standard at present, is used for realizing between the computing machine, the data communication between computing machine and the peripheral hardware.The RS-232 universal serial bus is applicable to: the communication distance between the equipment is not more than 15m, and transfer rate is 20KB/S to the maximum.RS-232 adopt negative logic, that is: logical one :-5V～-15V; Logical zero :+5V～+ 15V.Because RS-232 has stipulated the electrical standard of oneself, and this standard can not satisfy the transmission requirement of Transistor-Transistor Logic level, therefore when RS-232 level and Transistor-Transistor Logic level interface, must carry out level conversion, this work is made up of MAX232 and peripheral components thereof, and the electrical specification of level transferring chip MAX232 is: 1)+and the 5V reliably working of powering; 2) two passages transmitting-receiving conversion; 3) data rate 120Kbps; 4) driver and receiver are the outputs of 3 attitudes.Physical circuit figure such as Fig. 3.
3, power unit
The power unit hardware design: the power supply of total system is by direct-flow storage battery power supply on the automobile.Because accumulator is+output of 12V direct current, and GPS receiver system and single-chip computer control system are respectively 5V and 3V system, so need to adopt direct current stabilizer.Integrated regulator also claims integrated voltage regulator, and its function is to become galvanic current to press astable dc voltage conversion.Integrated regulator can be divided into three kinds of tandem type voltage stabilizer, parallel connection type voltage stabilizer and switching mode voltage stabilizers by working method, and wherein the switching mode voltage stabilizer is most effective, can reach more than 70%, but its output ripple maximum.The system chart that the present invention adopts power supply as shown in Figure 4.
The conversion of 12V-5V, circuit diagram as shown in Figure 5, Vehicular accumulator cell+the 12V direct supply converts to+circuit of 5V power supply is made of MAX738 switching regulator voltage adjuster and peripheral components thereof, among the figure VCC12 be power supply input end (+12V), VCC is power output end (+5).MAX738 switching regulator voltage adjuster has following characteristics: the 1) pulse width modulator of current-mode, switching frequency height; 2) wide input voltage range 6V-16V, the output voltage precision is high by 5%; 3) conversion efficiency of 85%-96%; 4) quiescent current of 1.7MA, off state only are 6uA; 5) overcurrent, overvoltage protection, and have soft start function.The major function of MAX738 is: the pulse-width modulation control system with a current-mode connects nonadjustable voltage that a simple regulator of reduction voltage is changed the 6V-16V of input, the width modulation structure of this current-mode provides the restriction of round-robin electric current, improve the transient response of load, simplified the design of output loop simultaneously.
The conversion of DC-isolation and 5V-3V, circuit diagram because accumulator level instability on the automobile and power supply interference are bigger, have been adopted the direct supply isolation technology here as shown in Figure 6.Use two isolation modules that GPS receiver system and controller system are isolated fully.Simultaneously these two systems again with automobile on other electric systems isolate fully, be independent of each other each other, improve the reliability of system works.Because the singlechip controller system is the 3V system, so after the DC-isolation module, also need a linear three terminal integrated voltage stabilizer LM2937-3.3 to finish the voltage transitions of 5V-3V.Physical circuit figure as shown in Figure 6, wherein J3 and J4 are the DC-isolation modules.
4, Serial E
2The prom memory circuit
Serial E
2The prom memory circuit.The most correctly locate after making the cold start-up of GPS receiver, the satellitosis data when we correctly locate the last time are input in the GPS receiver, and these satellitosis data are stored in Serial E
2Among the PROMAT24C02, do not lose after system's power down yet, use during in order to next cold start-up.AT24C02 is the Low-Power CMOS Serial E of American ATMEL
2PROM, it is to include 256 * 8, have operating voltage wide (2.5～5.5V), the fast characteristics such as (less than 10ms) of erasable (greater than 10000 times) often, writing speed.Fig. 7 is the pinouts of AT24C02.A0, A1, A2 are three address wires among the figure, are used for determining the hardware address of chip.VDD and VSS are respectively positive and negative power supply.SDA is the serial data I/O, and data are by this two-way I2C bus serial transfer.SCL is the serial clock incoming line.SDA and SCL need and positive supply between respectively connect on the resistance of a 5.1K and draw.The 7th pin needs ground connection.Have address register in the sheet among the AT24C02.Whenever after writing or read a data byte, this address register adds 1 automatically, to realize the read-write to next storage unit.All bytes all read in the single operation mode.For reducing total write time, single job can write the nearly data of 8 bytes.The interface circuit of AT24C02 and single-chip microcomputer as shown in Figure 8, the address of AT24C02 on the I2C bus determined by the I/O mouth of single-chip microcomputer C8051F020.
5 real-time clocks (RTC) circuit
Real-time clock (RTC) circuit.Because valuation function in zone changes according to the service time section is different, and after system just powers on, do not have the correct time benchmark, so real-time clock (RTC) circuit adopted RTC DS1305 guarantee system power on before back to the correct location of GPS receiver during this period of time in the correct output price of travelling.DS1305 and interface microcontroller circuit are shown in Fig. 5 .9.
Single-chip computer control system and fee register communication protocol.Controller and fee register communication interface, adopt 8 asynchronous serial communication interfaces, one frame information is 10: 1 start bit, 8 bit data positions (low level formerly) and 1 position of rest, baud rate is 9600, adopts the RS-232 interface standard, begins with 02 (STX), 03 (EXT) finishes, and transmit with ASCII character the centre.The communication mode that fee register is called out, single-chip microcomputer responds is taked in communicating by letter of controller and fee register.The fee register per second sends communication request to single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer is after the request of receiving, to fee register shipment price data.
Two, software section
The program that the present invention has the vehicle fee register of zone identification and valuation function is a very complicated and huge real time software system.For the ease of writing of software, test and modification and maintenance in software design, have been adopted modularization, structuring and parametrization designing technique.The employing modular design is transplanting and the maintenance for the ease of system, avoids the repetition of code, thereby saves the storage space of data.The program structure that adopts structurized programmed method to make is clear, logicality strong, be convenient to Change In Design, and has met top-down program design rule." top-down " is based on from top layer and begins progressively to the decomposable process of lower floor's refinement, and it pays attention to the control stream and the control structure of program.For making locating module software can adapt to the specific requirement of aspects such as various zones, hardware configuration, running environment.System has adopted the parametrization design, pays attention to the operation carried out on data structure and its, helps to strengthen the dirigibility and the adaptability of whole locating module operating software like this.The software design of native system has been taked to descend from the top, progressively the method for designing of refinement.At first, the structurized design philosophy design of follow procedure main program structure, next designs interrupt service routine, and then design each subroutine by function modoularization thought, and each functional module of refinement progressively, constantly improve interrupt service routine and master routine simultaneously, finish the design of all softwares at last.The C51 language is a kind of structured programming language towards microprocessor.It except have program design fast, readable good, be easy to safeguard and advantage that general structured programming language such as expansion is had, also direct inner structure towards microprocessor, so be used for application system development, a kind of traditional development scheme that is different from can be obtained, the development efficiency of application system can be greatly improved with the compilation Programming with Pascal Language.Therefore the software of this system that adopted the C51 language compilation.
Regional database based on the formation of GIS platform, form by several regional polygons by different number of vertices, each polygonal each summit, zone is made up of longitude and two coordinate figures of latitude, and the summit storage order can be also can be counterclockwise clockwise.Because the big and regional recognizer more complicated of regional database data volume, so we should reduce the floating-point multiplication number of times as far as possible, therefore be necessary reasonably to arrange and organize data, make its according to the particular requirement data structure storage in the storer of single-chip microcomputer, to realize access visit fast, easily.
Design philosophy is to be unit with the zone, and the apex coordinate that belongs to a zone is left in the same floating type array, and last element of array is deposited this regional cost coefficient.We are basis with the maximal value and the minimum value of all apex coordinate values in each zone, calculate to determine to comprise this regional minimum rectangular area, determine to comprise the minimum rectangular area synoptic diagram of polygonal region as Figure 10.Rectangle abcd is determined by polygon ABCDEFG.It is corresponding with it that all there is a minimum rectangular area that comprises oneself in each zone like this.Set up a structure, its content comprises: the cornerwise apex coordinate value in (1) rectangular area; (2) number of vertex of this corresponding polygonal region in rectangular area; (3) pointer variables, the memory location of the storage array of the corresponding polygonal region of this rectangle of this pointed.
Define a structure array, allow all rectangular area unifications be organized in the array, because each rectangular area and corresponding with it polygonal region memory location are interrelated, reality is exactly all polygonal region organizations of unity together like this.Because whether the identification vehicle in certain polygonal region, needs to carry out N arctangent cp cp operation (N equals the number of vertex of this polygonal region) here, only need carry out twice floating add computing and discern a rectangular area, big time saver.So regional identifying is exactly: judge earlier which rectangular area is the vehicle current location be in, afterwards again according to this several rectangular areas sequential decision current location whether in their corresponding polygonal region scopes of institute, can save the plenty of time compared with directly carrying out polygonal region identification like this, satisfy real-time requirement.
1, master routine
Main program flow chart as shown in figure 11, master routine is the program of the infinite loop carried out of an order.Master routine at first carries out initialization to system hardware and each variable of system.Close earlier and interrupt, the state of CPU interruption and each peripheral hardware is set, the working method of GPS receiver is set, give each variable initialize, start timer and close interruption, final program enters major cycle.System operation is as follows when carrying out this program: (1), system hardware and each variable of system are carried out initialization; (2), to being that the GPS receiver carries out initialization; (3), receive gps data, and judge whether to receive, for not, then continue to carry out this step as judged result; (4), as the judged result of (3) step for not, then gps data is handled and is generated regional recognition data; (5), each rectangular area is discerned; (6), the qualified rectangular area of recording storage number; (7), judge whether all rectangular areas have all been discerned and finish, for not, then return (5) step as judged result; (8), as the judged result of (7) step for being, then the corresponding polygonal region in qualified rectangular area is discerned one by one, obtain the required cost coefficient of fee register; (9), upgrade the cost coefficient of current fee register, and return (3) step.
2, regional recognition subroutine
Zone recognition subroutine process flow diagram as shown in figure 12, the zone recognition subroutine is responsible for finishing the identification to a polygonal region, the zone recognition function is defined as: float shibie (float x_val, float y_val, float code*addr, ucharbian) it has three parameter transmission, floating type variable x_val and y_val are current longitude and latitudes, floating type code pointer variable is pointed to the first address of polygonal region position data in the flash storer that need be identified, and unsigned character type variable bian is the number of vertex of the inferior polygonal region that need be identified.Rreturn value is the floating type data, if the automobile current location in this polygonal region, then rreturn value is the cost coefficient of polygonal region; Otherwise rreturn value is 0, and expression is not in this polygonal region.System's operation is as follows when carrying out this program: (10), the file of spreading out the map, call in map; (11), newly-built figure layer; (12), add identified region, and will represent the polygonal summit geographic coordinate of required identified region, be input on the electronic urban map; (13), call in the gps data of vehicle; (14), the geographic coordinate with the vehicle present position is input on electronic urban map; (15), carry out the coordinate translation, obtain the two-end-point A on polygonal one side, the coordinate values of B; (16), judge that this point whether on Y-axis, for not, then carries out (20) step as judged result; (17), as the judged result in (16) step for being, whether the ordinate value of then judging this point greater than zero; (18), as the judged result in (17) step for not, then radian is 3 pi/2s, and carries out (22) step; (19), as the judged result in (17) step for being, then radian is a pi/2, and carries out (22) step; (20), the traditional method of indicating the pronunciation of a Chinese character value of asking A, B to order, obtain the radian value that A is ordered; (21), the radian value of 2 of A, B under the school; (22), obtain the radian value of 2 of A, B; (23), radian is converted to angle; (24), 2 angle subtract each other differential seat angle; (25), differential seat angle is proofreaied and correct; (26), ask differential seat angle to add up and; (27), judge whether to calculate last one side, for not, then return (15) step as judged result; (28), as the judged result in (27) step for being, judge that then differential seat angle adds up and whether equal 360 °; (29), as in (28) step as judged result for being then to reach a conclusion: vehicle is in the zone; (30), as in (28) step as judged result for not, then reach a conclusion: vehicle is outside the zone.(31), judge whether to stop know to know, for not, then carry out (13) step as judged result; , then stop identification, and return master routine (8) step for being as the judged result in (31) step.
3, UART1 interruption subroutine
UART1 interrupt service subroutine flow process as shown in figure 13, the UART1 interrupt service subroutine is responsible for receiving the information data that the GPS receiver sends, GPS output De $GPRMC one frame format is as follows:
$GPRMC，
hhmmss，
A/V，
XXXX.XXXX，
N/S，
XXXXX.XXXX，
E/W，
XXX.X，
XXX.X，
XXXXXX，
*hh<CR><LF>
Sequence number 123456789 10
10
Here: 1 universal time (UTC): during hh, mm branch, ss second; 2 is positioning states: A location, the V no-fix; 3 latitudes; 4 north latitude south latitudes: N north latitude, S south latitude; 5 longitudes; 6 east longitude west longitudes: E east longitude, W west longitude; 7 ground speeds: unit is joint, 1 joint (knot)=852m/h; 8 position angles: real north is 0 degree, and clockwise direction is calculated, maximum 359.9 degree, four outputs; 9 dates: per diem, month, year form (year by two) output; 10 verifications and.GPS receiver and single-chip microcomputer are to communicate with interrupt mode by serial port of single chip computer UART.System operation is as follows when carrying out this program: (32), judge whether to receive and for not, then adjust accepting state as judged result by $ receive again; (33), as the judged result of (32) step for being then to receive leading reference symbol; (34), judge whether for not, then to adjust accepting state as judged result by Deng Yu $GPRMC reception again; (35), as the judged result of (34) step for being then to receive and the storing message data; (36), judge verification and, for not, then adjust accepting state as judged result, receive again; (37), as the judged result of (36) step for being that then sign is received in set.
4, UART2 interruption subroutine
UART2 interrupt service subroutine process flow diagram as shown in figure 14, the UART2 interrupt service subroutine is responsible for receiving the fee register information data transmitted, and resolve, judge the data of receiving, if it is correct to receive data, according to the required information data of Data Loading fee register that receives, in state byte, insert 9000 expressions and carry out correctly, send to fee register then; If the data that receive are incorrect, 6980 expression miscommunications send to fee register then in state byte.Single-chip microcomputer is finished in interruption by the serial port 1 (UART1) of single-chip microcomputer fully with communicating by letter of fee register.System's operation is as follows when carrying out this program: i (38), judgement are to receive or send, and are to receive as judged result, then execution (42) step; (39), as (38) step judged result for sending, then whether judgment data sends and finishes, as this judged result for being then to withdraw from; (40), as (39) step judged result for not, then send data; (41), withdraw from after transmitting counter adds 1; 42), be accepting state as (38) step judged result, then whether judgment data is stx or ext, as this judged result is otherwise carries out (45) step; (43), as (42) step judged result for being, then whether judgment data is stx, as this judged result for not, then En-tx=1, Start-rec=0 and withdraw from; (44), as (43) step judged result for being, Start-rec=1 and withdrawing from then; (45), as (42) step judged result for not, judge then whether Start-rec equals 1,, then withdraw from for not as this judged result; (46), as (45) step judged result for being then to receive data; (47), judge whether En-tx equals 1,, then withdraw from for not as judged result; (48), as (47) step judged result for being, load and send data En-tx=0; (49), start transmission, transmitting counter zero clearing; (50), withdraw from.
5, visit E
2The PROM subroutine
Visit E
2The PROM subroutine flow chart is visited E as shown in figure 15
2The PROM subroutine mainly is responsible for the data communication of single-chip microcomputer and AT24C02, comprises that single-chip microcomputer reads and write data to AT24C02.Guarantee data transmission credibility in order to make, the reception of data with send the Error Control of having used.System operation is as follows when carrying out this program: (1), whether sky closes to judge bus, as judged result for being, this step of continuation execution then; (2), as the judged result of (1) step for not, the then set bus will of hurrying; (3), judge it is also write operation of read operation, be write operation as judged result, then carry out (12) step; (4), be read operation as the judged result in (3), then send the bus commencing signal; (5), sending device address date; (6), judge whether to receive ack signal, as judged result for being then to carry out (8) step; (7), as the judged result in (6) for not, then send the bus stop signal, and return (4) step; (8), receive data; (9), whether the judgment data reception finishes, and is not as judged result, then sends ack signal, returns (8) step; (10), as the judged result in (9) for being then to send the NACK signal; (11), send the bus stop signal, and withdraw from; (12), be write operation as the judged result in (3), then send the bus commencing signal; (13), sending device address date; (14), judge whether to receive ack signal,, then send the bus stop signal, and return (12) step for not as judged result; (15), as the judged result in (14) for being, then send data; (16), judge whether to receive ack signal,, then send the bus stop signal, and return (12) step for not as judged result; (17), as the judged result of (16) step for being, then judgment data sends and finishes, finishing as transmission then sends the bus stop signal, and withdraws from; (18), as the judged result of (16) step for not, then return (15) step.
6, visit RTC subroutine
Visit RTC subroutine flow chart as shown in figure 16, visit RTC subroutine mainly is responsible for the data communication of single-chip microcomputer and DS1305, comprises single-chip microcomputer reading and upgrade the current time data of DS1305.System operation is as follows when carrying out this program: (1), to put the NSS signal wire be low level; (2), judge it is read data or write data, be write data as judged result, then carry out (8) step; (3), be read data as the judged result in (2), write data register address then; (4), time for reading data; (5), judge whether read data finishes, for not, then return (4) step as judged result; (6), as the judged result in (5) for being, processing time data then; (7), to put the NSS signal wire be high level, withdraw from; (8), be write data as the judged result in (2), write data register address then; (9), DS1305 is set for writing state; (10), write data register address; (11), write time data; (12), judge that whether write data finishes, and for not, then returns (11) step as judged result; (13), as the judged result in (12) for being, then carry out (8) step.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of vehicle fee register with zone identification and valuation function, comprise GPS receiver and single-chip computer control system, the GPS receiver receives and handles gps data, calculate the position of its place vehicle in real time, and vehicle position data passed to single-chip computer control system, it is characterized in that, described single-chip computer control system comprises single-chip microcomputer and connected UART1 communication interface, the UART2 communication interface, data-carrier store, fee register and fee register communication interface, described single-chip computer control system stores master routine, the zone recognition subroutine, URAT1 interrupt service subroutine and URAT2 interrupt service subroutine, described single-chip computer control system are carried out following steps when the operation master routine:
(1), system hardware and each variable of system are carried out initialization;
(2), to being that the GPS receiver carries out initialization;
(3), receive gps data, and judge whether to receive, for not, then continue to carry out this step as judged result;
(4), as the judged result of (3) step for not, then gps data is handled and is generated regional recognition data;
(5), each rectangular area is discerned;
(6), the qualified rectangular area of recording storage number;
(7), judge whether all rectangular areas have all been discerned and finish, for not, then return (5) step as judged result;
(8), as the judged result of (7) step for being, then the corresponding polygonal region in qualified rectangular area is discerned one by one, obtain the required cost coefficient of fee register;
(9), upgrade the cost coefficient of current fee register, and return (3) step;
Described regional recognition subroutine is used to finish the identification to mts region, and described single-chip computer control system moves this subroutine when carrying out above-mentioned master routine (8) step, and single-chip computer control system is carried out following steps when the recognition subroutine of operation area:
(10), the file of spreading out the map, call in map;
(11), newly-built figure layer;
(12), add identified region, and will represent the polygonal summit geographic coordinate of required identified region, be input on the electronic urban map;
(13), call in the gps data of vehicle;
(14), the geographic coordinate with the vehicle present position is input on electronic urban map;
(15), carry out the coordinate translation, obtain the two-end-point A on polygonal one side, the coordinate values of B;
(16), judge that this point whether on Y-axis, for not, then carries out (20) step as judged result;
(17), as the judged result in (16) step for being, whether the ordinate value of then judging this point greater than zero;
(18), as the judged result in (17) step for not, then radian is 3 pi/2s, and carries out (22) step;
(19), as the judged result in (17) step for being, then radian is a pi/2, and carries out (22) step;
(20), the traditional method of indicating the pronunciation of a Chinese character value of asking A, B to order, obtain the radian value that A is ordered;
(21), the radian value of 2 of A, B under the school;
(22), obtain the radian value of 2 of A, B;
(23), radian is converted to angle;
(24), 2 angle subtract each other differential seat angle;
(25), differential seat angle is proofreaied and correct;
(26), ask differential seat angle to add up and;
(27), judge whether to calculate last one side, for not, then return (15) step as judged result;
(28), as the judged result in (27) step for being, judge that then differential seat angle adds up and whether equal 360 °;
(29), as in (28) step as judged result for being then to reach a conclusion: vehicle is in the zone;
(30), as in (28) step as judged result for not, then reach a conclusion: vehicle is outside the zone.
(31), judge whether to stop know to know, for not, then carry out (13) step as judged result; , then stop identification, and return master routine (8) step for being as the judged result in (31) step;
Also store the URAT1 interrupt service subroutine in the described single-chip computer control system, be used to receive the information data of GPS receiver transmission and send information data to the GPS receiver, the reception of information data and transmission are finished in interruption by interface UART1, and described single-chip computer control system is carried out following steps when operation URAT1 interrupt service subroutine:
(32), judge whether to receive and for not, then adjust accepting state as judged result by $, reception again;
(33), as the judged result of (32) step for being then to receive leading reference symbol;
(34), judge whether for not, then to adjust accepting state as judged result by Deng Yu $GPRMC reception again;
(35), as the judged result of (34) step for being then to receive and the storing message data;
(36), judge verification and, for not, then adjust accepting state as judged result, receive again;
(37), as the judged result of (36) step for being that then sign is received in set;
Also there is the URAT2 interrupt service subroutine in the described single-chip computer control system, be used for the reception and the transmission of information data between control single chip computer and the fee register, the reception of information data and transmission are finished in interruption by interface UART2, and described single-chip computer control system is carried out following steps when operation URAT2 interrupt service subroutine:
(38), judge it is to receive or send, for receiving, then carry out (42) step as judged result;
(39), as (38) step judged result for sending, then whether judgment data sends and finishes, as this judged result for being then to withdraw from;
(40), as (39) step judged result for not, then send data;
(41), withdraw from after transmitting counter adds 1;
(42), be accepting state as (38) step judged result, then whether judgment data is stx or ext, as this judged result is otherwise carries out (45) step;
(43), as (42) step judged result for being, then whether judgment data is stx, as this judged result for not, then En-tx=1, Start-rec=0 and withdraw from;
(44), as (43) step judged result for being, Start-rec=1 and withdrawing from then;
(45), as (42) step judged result for not, judge then whether Start-rec equals 1,, then withdraw from for not as this judged result;
(46), as (45) step judged result for being then to receive data;
(47), judge whether En-tx equals 1,, then withdraw from for not as judged result;
(48), as (47) step judged result for being, load and send data En-tx=0;
(49), start transmission, transmitting counter zero clearing;
(50), withdraw from.
2, a kind of vehicle fee register with zone identification and valuation function according to claim 1 is characterized in that described GPS receiver also is provided with standby power supply and.
3, a kind of vehicle fee register with zone identification and valuation function according to claim 1 is characterized in that described data-carrier store is a Serial E
2Prom memory, the satellitosis data when being used for last correct location are input to the GPS receiver, make after the cold start-up of GPS receiver the most correctly location.
4, a kind of vehicle fee register with zone identification and valuation function according to claim 1 is characterized in that described single-chip computer control system also comprises download of JATG program and regulator debugging interface.
5, a kind of vehicle fee register with zone identification and valuation function according to claim 1 is characterized in that also there is visit E in the described data-carrier store
2The PROM subroutine is used for single-chip computer control system and E
2Data communication between the prom memory, described single-chip computer control system is at operation visit E
2Carry out following steps during the POM subroutine:
(1), whether sky closes to judge bus, for being, then continues to carry out this step as judged result;
(2), as the judged result of (1) step for not, the then set bus will of hurrying;
(3), judge it is also write operation of read operation, be write operation as judged result, then carry out (12) step;
(4), be read operation as the judged result in (3), then send the bus commencing signal;
(5), sending device address date;
(6), judge whether to receive ack signal, as judged result for being then to carry out (8) step;
(7), as the judged result in (6) for not, then send the bus stop signal, and return (4) step;
(8), receive data;
(9), whether the judgment data reception finishes, and is not as judged result, then sends ack signal, returns (8) step;
(10), as the judged result in (9) for being then to send the NACK signal;
(11), send the bus stop signal, and withdraw from;
(12), be write operation as the judged result in (3), then send the bus commencing signal;
(13), sending device address date;
(14), judge whether to receive ack signal,, then send the bus stop signal, and return (12) step for not as judged result;
(15), as the judged result in (14) for being, then send data;
(16), judge whether to receive ack signal,, then send the bus stop signal, and return (12) step for not as judged result;
(17), as the judged result of (16) step for being, then judgment data sends and finishes, finishing as transmission then sends the bus stop signal, and withdraws from;
(18), as the judged result of (16) step for not, then return (15) step.
6, a kind of vehicle fee register according to claim 1 with zone identification and valuation function, it is characterized in that, also there is visit RTC subroutine in the described data-carrier store, be used for the data communication between control single chip computer control system and the DS1305, described single-chip computer control system is carried out following steps when operation visit RTC subroutine:
(1), putting the NSS signal wire is low level;
(2), judge it is read data or write data, be write data as judged result, then carry out (8) step;
(3), be read data as the judged result in (2), write data register address then;
(4), time for reading data;
(5), judge whether read data finishes, for not, then return (4) step as judged result;
(6), as the judged result in (5) for being, processing time data then;
(7), to put the NSS signal wire be high level, withdraw from;
(8), be write data as the judged result in (2), write data register address then;
(9), DS1305 is set for writing state;
(10), write data register address;
(11), write time data;
(12), judge that whether write data finishes, and for not, then returns (11) step as judged result;
(13), as the judged result in (12) for being, then carry out (8) step.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2004100190159A CN100342404C (en) | 2004-04-16 | 2004-04-16 | Vehicle valuator having region identification and valuation functions |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100190159A CN100342404C (en) | 2004-04-16 | 2004-04-16 | Vehicle valuator having region identification and valuation functions |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102306405A (en) * | 2011-07-13 | 2012-01-04 | 南京通用电器有限公司 | Taxi meter with price pre-adjustment function |
| CN103035036A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2013-04-10 | 福建省计量科学研究院 | Method capable of achieving remote monitoring of taxi meter based on wireless network and satellite positioning |
| CN103377585A (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2013-10-30 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | Method for locating administrative division based on longitude and latitude |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1363486A (en) * | 2001-01-05 | 2002-08-14 | 珠海市江波有限公司 | Intelligent taxi scheduling system with satellite location |
| CN2562266Y (en) * | 2002-06-26 | 2003-07-23 | 邰志强 | Taxi counter with movable positioning function |
-
2004
- 2004-04-16 CN CNB2004100190159A patent/CN100342404C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102306405A (en) * | 2011-07-13 | 2012-01-04 | 南京通用电器有限公司 | Taxi meter with price pre-adjustment function |
| CN103377585A (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2013-10-30 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | Method for locating administrative division based on longitude and latitude |
| CN103035036A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2013-04-10 | 福建省计量科学研究院 | Method capable of achieving remote monitoring of taxi meter based on wireless network and satellite positioning |
| CN103035036B (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2014-12-31 | 福建省计量科学研究院 | Method capable of achieving remote monitoring of taxi meter based on wireless network and satellite positioning |
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| CN100342404C (en) | 2007-10-10 |
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