Mechanical Turbulence Mill
Technical field
The invention belongs to the powder technology technology, it relates to a kind of mechanical device that the ultra-fine grinding and the classification of various materials are reclaimed.Its technical applications is very extensive: it not only is used for leading-edge fields such as military project, space flight, and in different industries, extensively used, as the relevant industries such as super-fine processing of chemical industry, electronics, machinery, metallurgical building materials, plastics, rubber, food, medicine, feed, papermaking, daily use chemicals, the energy, environmental protection, nonmetallic materials.
Background technology
The ultrafine powder technology is called cross-centennial new and high technology by domestic and international scientific and technological circle.
Along with developing rapidly of science and technology, research ultra-fine, the ultrafine powder material is used, and has broad application prospects, and to promoting the industrial technology progress important role is arranged.Generally with 10 microns with thin powder be called ultra-fine, 1 micron be called ultra micro, 0.1 micron with thin powder and be called nano material with thin powder.The production equipment and the technology of superfine powder mainly contain at present: mechanical impact crusher and airslide disintegrating mill and oscillating mill etc.The general character of these technical equipment, the suitability for industrialized production that reach super-fine material also has certain technology and technology difficulty, problems such as ubiquity yields poorly, energy consumption height, environmental-protecting performance is poor, powder purity is lower.
Airslide disintegrating mill is present more advanced in the world ultra-fine equipment, mainly contains following several types: 1. flat airslide disintegrating mill; 2. circulating airslide disintegrating mill; 3. to spray formula airslide disintegrating mill; 4. target formula airslide disintegrating mill; 5. fluidized bed type airslide disintegrating mill etc.List having of " 15 " " national science and technology achievement " key popularized project in: the jet of BJ University of Aeronautics ﹠ Astronautics is pulverized and classifying equipoment: (model JFC 30) working media compressed air, gas consumption 15m
3/ min, power 170kW, feed size 0.5mn, finished product granularity 2-8 micron, output hour 30kg.Also have Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing three ring powder High-tech company fluidized bed jet mills, it is example that material fineness d50 can only reach the 2-40 micron.China Light Industry Press publishes 2001 bibliographical informations according to another technical literature (ultra-fine grinding classification technique); The problem that airslide disintegrating mill exists hampers applying of this technology to a certain extent.Subject matter is as follows: 1, energy consumption is big, production efficiency is low.2, output is less, generally is no more than 100kg/h, and is most of less than 50kg/h.3, preparation ultra micro powder is also relatively more difficult.4, the airslide disintegrating mill complex structure costs an arm and a leg.At above problem, the air-flow crushing technology is not advanced at present.
Mechanical impact crusher and vibration medium grinder are a kind of more traditional mechanical milling equipments, and the type kind is many.Its mechanism is to utilize the direct drive medium of mechanical energy to move comminuting matter, and crush efficiency is also very low, and difficulty reaches the powder purity requirement, and it is poor that smashing fineness is compared airflow milling.For example vibrating medium grinder effectively pulverizes power about 0.3% and has 98% energy to be converted into heat and loss approximately.Airslide disintegrating mill is to utilize up to velocity of sound or subsonic air-flow to penetrate the energy comminuting matter.Mechanical energy is converted to velocity of sound air motion energy, needs to consume lot of energy, and the former is bigger for its energy consumption work ratio.
Ultrafine powder (sub-micron and nanoscale) is the basic material of 21 century, is one of focus of current high-tech area international competition; There is technical literature report can produce at present, but the ultrafine powder that the employing chemical method is produced, tends to change the physical property of material itself with chemical method, do not reach the result of use of superfine material, agglomeration traits is difficult to solve, and production efficiency is low, costs an arm and a leg.
Summary of the invention
The present situation of using at ultra-fine, ultrafine powder investigation of materials at present and the problem of existence, purpose of the present invention aims to provide a kind of milling equipment more more novel than prior art, " Mechanical Turbulence Mill of ultra-fine, ultra micro, Wet-dry ".
Because this grinding machine has been obtained important breakthrough from grinding mechanism, it has the technical characteristic of two negative pressure, two eddy current, high turbulent flow.Pulverize industry specialists and seek assiduously and thirst for solving thereby solved up to now various countries, but fail all the time to obtain that the pulverizing of major progress is energy-conservation, fineness ultra micro (sub-micron) and this good technical barrier of environmental-protecting performance requirement.
Mechanical turbulence is compared with existing more advanced airslide disintegrating mill: with output under the power is 10 times of airflow milling, and energy consumption is 10% of an air-flow.And on quality and quantity, obtained unforeseeable technique effect, and its smashing fineness, the meta grain will provide the feasibility approach for the physics method production nano material of marching toward through having broken through 500nm with thin, output 20kg/h.
Turbulence mill is inventor's two negative pressure of utilizing turbulent flow principle design, the impeller of two eddy current, and the high turbulence of generation moves comminuting matter when rotating at a high speed.High turbulence must be in high reynolds number (Re>1.5 * 10
5) take place down.The Reynolds number of turbulence mill of the present invention has reached Re>6.6 * 10
5
The characteristic of turbulent motion is a scrambling, promptly forms random random motion by the whirlpool body that differs in size.Its most essential characteristic is " turbulence ", i.e. pulsation at random.It all is at random that its velocity field and pressure are done the field.Not only to the time, and for the space.The heavy characteristic of another of turbulent motion is a diffusivity.Because the whirlpool body mixes mutually, cause fluid internal motion amount exchange in the turbulent flow, the particle that momentum is big is passed to the little particle of momentum with momentum, the particle that momentum is little influences the big particle of momentum again, and the result spreads the transport that has increased momentum, quality.
When being in the field of turbulent flow by the pulverizing object, just constituted Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid, the turbulence energy from mechanical device (impeller) obtains passes to micro cyclone by effect of inertia step by step by maelstrom.In this complicated turbulence process, produce strong bump, autogenous grinding, shear force, thereby material is pulverized effectively.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The Mechanical Turbulence Mill of a kind of ultra-fine, ultra micro, Wet-dry, grinding machine mainly is made up of base, variable-frequency motor, two negative pressure impeller, mill chamber, hopper, feed back pipe, screw input feeder, separator, stator water conservancy diversion gear ring, grader, electrical control cabinet.Grinding machine is horizontal type, and the feed pipe that is connected with mill chamber stretches in tremie pipe and the cavity that belt body, middle part body are connected, and relative with the classifying turbine that connects of impeller shaft in the graded chamber, and impeller shaft, separator, mill chamber are vertical, and are in same center line.The fine powder outlet connects whirlwind collector I, II and cloth bag collector.The mill chamber left and right sides is by two flange plates, wherein the center of left cover has charging hole, the center of right cover plate has the installing hole of turning cylinder, mill chamber flange plate axis hole and bearing propeller shaft couplings, and screw input feeder and mill chamber flange plate feed pipe connect; Two negative pressure impellers and the assembling of bearing power transmission shaft are fixing.Two negative pressure impellers be with bolt, nut, bullet pad, hexagon socket head cap screw with I, II type fan shock plate, about throw the tow sides of arc hypsokinesis vanes fixed at the leaf dish, throw arc shaped blade by 40 °-50 ° of the angles of the tangent line of leaf Pan Waiyuanchu and leaf dish basic circle point, blade is the inclined-plane by leaf dish axle place, and the angle of its inclined-plane and leaf disk center line is 50 °-60 °.Left and right sides blade is identical with the shock plate rotation direction, and intersection is symmetrically distributed.Shock plate and I, II type tooth plate are become one, and tooth plate does not respectively wait apart from the radius of leaf dish cylindrical.Stator water conservancy diversion gear ring and mill chamber inner ring mount, its number of teeth is that flute profile is circular arc more than 50, angle is 40-45 °; The discharging opening assembling of separator and mill chamber connects.Bump separating plate in the separator and crash panel top are cone-shaped, and angle is 60 °, and two walls, meal backflow swash plate that the separation swash plate is welded on the meal bag are welded in the meal back cavity, and angle is 40 °-50 ° between its backflow swash plate and joint cover.
The beneficial effect of advantage of the present invention and generation is
1, has considerable energy-saving effect.
The mechanical milling equipment of tradition is to utilize the direct drive medium of mechanical energy to move comminuting matter, and crush efficiency is low, the energy consumption height.Airslide disintegrating mill is to utilize to penetrate up to velocity of sound or subsonic air-flow to be used for comminuting matter.Mechanical energy is converted to the velocity of sound air motion can need lot of energy, and the former is bigger for its energy loss-rate." turbulence mill " Energy saving mechanism and effect are that effect of inertia trends towards the micro cyclone scope of energy dissipation to high wave number in the turbulent flow, and viscous effect only just exists in high wave-number range consumingly, and consumes the energy that is transported from maelstrom by effect of inertia by it.The reynolds number Re of this turbulence mill=6.6 * 10
5, (high turbulence is in high reynolds number Re>1.5 * 10
5Following generation), really can produce the high turbulence motion.Reynolds number is bigger, and effect of inertia is stronger, and it can be transported to energy higher wave-number range, and viscous effect is forced to the effect that just can manifest viscous force on the higher wave-number range.When Reynolds number is fully big, exhaustion range is located in from containing on the very high wave number of energy range, at this moment contain energy range and do not participate in viscosity consume effect fully.
" Mechanical Turbulence Mill " utilizes this characteristic of large Reynold number in the turbulent motion to save to pulverize energy consumption just.Because the Reynolds number of turbulence mill is up to Re=6.6 * 10
5, because this Reynolds number is fully big, so effect of inertia preponderates, and makes material obtain to pulverize effectively, that is to say that the turbulence energy that is transported by mechanical device (impeller) can send material to fully, effectively pulverizes, useless power consumption is few.
By following mask body data according to then the Mechanical Turbulence Mill energy-saving effect is very outstanding as can be seen: (1) adopts airslide disintegrating mill to pulverize carborundum d50-8.25 μ m, power consumption 900-1000kwh/t, and adopt Mechanical Turbulence Mill d50=5.2 μ m, power consumption is 90kwh/t only; (2) adopt mechanical shock formula ultrafine crusher, pulverize chrome oxide green d98=40 μ m power consumption 500-600kwh/t, adopt Mechanical Turbulence Mill d98.74=2.5 μ m, power consumption is 58kwh/t only; (3) adopt vibration superfine powder grinding machine to pulverize calcite d50=38 μ m, power consumption 200kwh/t adopts Mechanical Turbulence Mill d50=20 μ m, and power consumption is 40kwh/t only.
Can see that by last example energy-saving effect is considerable.
2, has gratifying environment protecting.
The world today has caused global great attention to control environmental pollution and man-made noise, industrialization elimination of dust contamination difficulty maximum particularly, and existing milling equipment all exists powder in various degree to leak and the big technological difficulties of noise of equipment.Mechanical Turbulence Mill, the mill chamber device is when utilizing the impeller of particular design to rotate at a high speed, throw lonely type hypsokinesis blade about the impeller both sides and be the inclined-plane by leaf dish axis hole outer rim place and leaf dish axle place, the angle of its inclined-plane and leaf disk center line is 60 °, during the impeller rotation, the mill chamber both sides have all formed negative pressure and have been vorticity, have produced high-intensity eddy current, thereby the axis hole that has effectively guaranteed the mill chamber center need not seal the technical barrier that powder can not leak.
In addition, two negative pressure impellers of Mechanical Turbulence Mill, leaf dish two sides symmetry and crossover location are equipped with quantity respectively and equate blade, and equilibrium phase is a good, and steadily reliable during the impeller rotation, noise of equipment is very little, generally about 70 decibels.
3, has the wet-milling effect.
The discharging opening of stator water conservancy diversion gear ring discharging opening and mill chamber below is docked mutually fixing, just can be exchanged into the effect that processing is pulverized in wet-milling by valve control discharging flow velocity.
4, the feasibility that has the industrialization of prepared by physical method nano material
The test data that obtains from present ultramicro grinding particle, the various materials that Mechanical Turbulence Mill is pulverized, its ratio of the amount of ultra micro powder has surpassed existing superfine grinding equipment greatly, and for example chrome oxide green meta particle diameter has reached 500nm with carefully, and wherein 200nm accounts for about 10%; Particulate footpath 800nm is with carefully in the calcium carbonate, and wherein 300nm is carefully to occupy 15.6%.If further explore the processing technology of turbulence mill best design parameter and micro mist aspect again, further perfect on supporting again, the impeller linear velocity increases again, the ratio of micro mist amount may also have raising by a relatively large margin, be equipped with high fine graded equipment simultaneously, nano level micro mist is separated, and the industrialization approach of opening up a strip adoption prepared by physical method nano material for China is feasible.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the Mechanical Turbulence Mill schematic diagram of ultra-fine, ultra micro, Wet-dry
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 blade wheel structure schematic diagram
Fig. 3 is Fig. 2 A-A face cutaway view
Fig. 4 is Fig. 2 spoon of blade view
Fig. 5 is Fig. 4 B-B face cutaway view
Fig. 6 is spindle nose inclined-plane and leaf disk center wire clamp angle schematic diagram
Fig. 7 is the two negative pressure impeller assembling of a Fig. 1 schematic diagram
Fig. 8 is Fig. 1 stator water conservancy diversion gear ring schematic diagram
Fig. 9 is Fig. 1 stator water conservancy diversion gear ring schematic diagram
Figure 10 is Fig. 9 D-D face cutaway view
Figure 11 is that schematic diagram cuts open in Fig. 1 separator master office of looking
Figure 12 is Fig. 8 side view
Figure 13 is Fig. 1 material disintegrating process figure
The specific embodiment
The Mechanical Turbulence Mill of a kind of ultra-fine, ultra micro, Wet-dry, grinding machine mainly is made up of base 11, variable-frequency motor 12, two negative pressure impeller 14, mill chamber 15, hopper 17, feed back pipe 18, screw input feeder 19, separator 20, stator water conservancy diversion gear ring 21, grader, electrical control cabinet.Grinding machine is horizontal type, the feed pipe 4 that is connected with mill chamber 15 stretches in tremie pipe 1 and the cavity that belt body 6, middle part body 5 are connected, and relative with the impeller 3 that connects of impeller shaft 9 in the cavity, and impeller shaft 9, separator 20, mill chamber 15 are vertical, be located on the base 11, and be in same center line.Fine powder outlet 2 connects whirlwind collector I, II and cloth bag collector.Two flange plates are equipped with in mill chamber 15 left and right sides, wherein the center of left cover has charging hole, the center of right cover plate has the installing hole of turning cylinder, and mill chamber 15 flange plate axis holes and bearing power transmission shaft 13 connect, and screw input feeder 19 and mill chamber 15 flange feed pipes connect; Two negative pressure impellers 14 and bearing power transmission shaft 13 are assemblied in the mill chamber 15.Two negative pressure impellers 14 are the positive and negatives that 8 fan-shaped shock plates, about 8 throwing arc hypsokinesis blades are assemblied in leaf dish 29 with bolt 23, nut 24, pad 25, bullet pad 28, hexagon socket head cap screw 27, throw about arc shaped blade 26,30 by 45 ° of the angles of the tangent line at leaf dish 29 outer rim places and leaf dish basic circle point, blade 26,30 is the inclined-plane by leaf dish axle place, and the angle of its inclined-plane and leaf dish 29 center lines is 60 °.Left and right sides blade 26,30, shock plate 16, tooth plate (22,31) is alternate and rotation direction is identical, and is symmetrically distributed.Shock plate 16 is assembled into one with I, II type tooth plate 22,31, and 22,31 tip circle radiuses of tooth plate do not wait.Stator water conservancy diversion gear ring 21 and mill chamber 15 inner ring mounts, the number of teeth is more than 50.Flute profile is circular arc, and angle is 45 °; The discharging opening assembling of separator 20 and mill chamber 15 connects.Bump separating plate 36 and crash panel 39 tops in the separator 20 are cone-shaped, and angle is 60 °, separate two walls, the meal backflow swash plate 44 of swash plate 28 weldering knots in meal storehouse 27 and are fixed in the meal back cavity, and its inclined-plane and joint cover 43 angles are 50 °.
Material enters mill chamber 15 by screw input feeder 19, and variable-frequency motor 12 drives the also rotation thereupon of two negative pressure impellers 14 is housed on bearing power transmission shaft 13, the power transmission shaft 13.Because two negative pressure impellers 14 are to be assembled by left and right type throwing arc hypsokinesis blade 26,30 and fan-shaped shock plate 16, tooth plate (22,31), the blade of impeller 14 is curved, the blade hypsokinesis, be 60 degree and formed swirl shape by leaf dish axle place, vortex must form eddy current, and eddy current certainly leads to negative pressure.When pulverized solid material is in the high velocity turbulent flow field in mill chamber 15, just constituted Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid, the turbulence energy from impeller 14 obtains passes to micro cyclone by effect of inertia step by step by maelstrom.In addition, stator water conservancy diversion gear ring 21 produces material guide effect power at mill chamber 15, powder is under the tooth bar and high turbulence effect of circular arc, strong autogenous grinding takes place each other, quicken the refinement of material, material produces strong bump, autogenous grinding, shear force in this turbulent motion, thereby material is pulverized effectively.
Pulverized powder enters separator 20 along with the rising of air-flow, and under the drive of grader impeller shaft 9, the grading wheel of rotation 3 is separable to go out the 5-40 micron with thin powder, and below standard powder returns mill chamber 17 by feed back pipe 18, continues to pulverize, refinement.Continue to rise from separator 20 isolated fine powders, again by the grader sorting, fine powder up to standard enters whirlwind collector I by fine powder outlet 2.The fine powder of drift enters whirlwind collector II and cloth bag collector respectively along with powder proportion difference, and below standard fine powder enters screw input feeder 19 by the meal outlet 10 of tremie pipe 1 again, is admitted to mill chamber 15 again, continues dispersion and fining.
Adjustable pipe 8 can be regulated air-flow rising size in the feed pipe 4.Guarantee the fineness of material with this.
Through pulverize repeatedly, refinement, the material meta particle diameter that whirlwind collector I collects is 10 μ m with carefully, 300 kilograms/hour; The material meta particle diameter that whirlwind collector II collects is 5 μ m with carefully, 60 kilograms/hour; The micropowders meta particle diameter 500nm that the cloth bag collector is collected, 20 kilograms/hour.