CN1560666A - Device for generating single-pyramid collimation hollow light beam - Google Patents
Device for generating single-pyramid collimation hollow light beam Download PDFInfo
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- CN1560666A CN1560666A CNA200410016728XA CN200410016728A CN1560666A CN 1560666 A CN1560666 A CN 1560666A CN A200410016728X A CNA200410016728X A CN A200410016728XA CN 200410016728 A CN200410016728 A CN 200410016728A CN 1560666 A CN1560666 A CN 1560666A
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Abstract
A single-angle cone collimation hollow light beam generating device comprises a single-angle cone and is characterized in that a total reflection mirror connected with the single-angle cone in a light path is arranged behind the single-angle cone, incident laser enters from the single-angle cone along the direction of an optical axis, is reflected to the single-angle cone through the total reflection mirror, and is deflected and emitted to form a collimation hollow light beam. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient processing of the single-angle cone, easy implementation, good quality of the generated hollow light beam and difficult influence.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of generation device of hollow beam, especially relate to and be applied to cold atom fountain type quantum frequency marking improve to survey single pyramid collimated hollow light beams generation device of signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio).
Background technology:
Because hollow beam does not satisfy the pattern unchangeability of spatial transmission, therefore can not directly produce by laser instrument, need special optical element preparation.Produce hollow beam at present and mainly contain several methods such as pyramid (also claiming tapered lens), hollow optic fibre, phase amplitude holography and phase-plate.From the quality of the hollow beam that forms and the simple and easy degree of embodiment, it is the most simple and easy to do and effect is better wherein to produce hollow beam with the method for utilizing pyramid especially.The hollow beam that utilizes pyramid to produce in early days mainly is to be used for imaging analysis and precise laser drilling, come the develop rapidly of cold atom physics along with recent two decades, the application of hollow beam has broken through this traditional field, and the laser that is applied to the guiding of " former sub-lens ", cold atom and cooling and biosome such as captures at the aspect.Utilize in the method that pyramid produces hollow beam existing, if only use a pyramid, then can only obtain the non-collimated hollow light beams of " funnel " type (referring to Optics Communications, 147,1998, the 67th page), though (referring to Chinese laser, the 30th rolls up, the 3rd phase and adopt two pyramids or a bipyramid pyramid can obtain collimated hollow light beams, 2003, the 211st page: Physical Review A, 56,1997 years the 712nd page), but the accuracy that the machining precision and the light path of pyramid are regulated is had higher requirement again, and the quality of outgoing hollow beam also is affected easily.
Summary of the invention:
As mentioned above, how to overcome and utilize pyramid to produce existing necessary two pyramids or the double tapered angle of adopting of collimated hollow light beams in the prior art, and to pyramid machining precision and too high to the requirement of light path degree of regulation, and the easy again affected defective of the quality of outgoing hollow beam, these all are technical matterss to be solved by this invention, for this reason, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of single pyramid collimated hollow light beams generation device, make it both simple in structure, be easy to processing again and adjust, and the hollow beam quality that produces good with susceptible to not.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
According to single pyramid collimated hollow light beams generation device of the present invention, it comprises a single pyramid, characteristics are, the rearmounted catoptron of one side is installed in this list pyramid back, they connect with light path, in this list pyramid front, incident laser is injected along optical axis direction, is gone into this list pyramid and is penetrated collimated hollow light beams by this postposition mirror reflects again.
Further, face before described single pyramid and its rearmounted arrangement of mirrors, the middle mirror in front that is drilled with aperture of one side is set, this aperture is positioned on the light path light axis, incident laser is injected from this aperture, through this list pyramid and its rearmounted catoptron, reflect again and enter after this list pyramid deflection and reflected to form collimated hollow light beams by this mirror in front; Or
Face before described single pyramid and its rearmounted arrangement of mirrors, on optical axis, set gradually a polarization beam splitter prism and a λ/4 wave plates according to incident laser direction, incident laser is through polarization beam splitter prism, λ/4 wave plates, single pyramid and rearmounted catoptron, returned by this postposition mirror reflects, the another side from this polarization beam splitter prism penetrates the formation collimated hollow light beams at last again;
Again particularly, the above-mentioned rearmounted catoptron that is positioned at after this list pyramid is 0 ° of completely reflecting mirror;
The longitudinal section of above-mentioned single pyramid is a top lumbar triangle shape, and for the ease of installing, also connects a right cylinder in this list pyramid bottom surface, and single pyramid promptly used in the present invention is a cone, and connects an installation right cylinder in this cone bottom surface; This above-mentioned list pyramid mirror in front is one 45 ° of completely reflecting mirrors; The polarization direction of the optical axis of described λ/4 wave plates and the described incident laser that is formed by polarization beam splitter prism is at 45
Compared with the prior art, single pyramid collimated hollow light beams generation device proposed by the invention has reduced optical element quantity, reduced critical optical elements---the requirement of the machining precision of pyramid, light path is regulated only needs that catoptron is vertical with optical axis, the axis of symmetry of monolithic pyramid and optical axis coincidence get final product, alignment between in the time of needn't considering to use two pyramids greatly reduces the difficulty that light path is regulated.The present invention can be conveniently used for improving the low defective of detection signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) that exists in the fountain type cold atomic clock, in the process of cold atom group's upthrow and whereabouts, hollow beam plays the effect of " constraint " and " guiding ", with cold atom group " constraint " in the most weak central area of light intensity, as the thermal diffusion radially of one " pipe " effective minimizing cold atom group, make the atom number of finally falling detecting area many as much as possible, improving signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) is about 10 times.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a pyramidal structure synoptic diagram among the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that single pyramid of the present invention is realized the collimated hollow light beams synoptic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the experimental verification synoptic diagram that the catoptron distance relation is arrived on hollow beam radius of the present invention and pyramid summit.
Fig. 4 is that hollow beam CCD image of the present invention reaches the radially surface of intensity distribution.
Fig. 5 is the another embodiment of the present invention structural representation.
Fig. 6 is another example structure synoptic diagram again of the present invention.
Embodiment:
Provide better embodiment of the present invention according to Fig. 1～Fig. 6 below, and, enable to understand better architectural feature of the present invention and functional characteristics, but they only are used for the present invention being described rather than being used for limiting the scope of the invention in conjunction with description to these embodiment.
Embodiment 1.
Provide embodiments of the invention 1 according to Fig. 1～Fig. 2, as shown in Figure 1, the employed crux optical element of present embodiment list pyramid 1, it is that a cone 10 adds the preceding paragraph right cylinder 11, and this right cylinder 11 is to be used for light path to install, in this implementation column, the longitudinal section of right cylinder 10 is an isoceles triangle shape, its bottom side length is 49.9 millimeters, and height is 10.3 millimeters, and the height of right cylinder 11 is 5.3 millimeters.Single pyramid 1 used in the present invention in essence, belongs to the aspheric surface special lenses, and its optical characteristics is carried out deflection to incident laser exactly.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram that embodies core thinking of the present invention, promptly add a catoptron (or claiming rearmounted catoptron) 2 in single pyramid 1 back, allow laser pass through same pyramid twice, outgoing forms collimated hollow light beams then, the size of outgoing hollow beam is by two the parameters decisions of distance to catoptron of launching spot size and pyramid summit, only need second parameter of change just can obtain the hollow beam of required size.If half waist radius of incident laser is w, pyramid summit to the distance of rearmounted catoptron 2 is that d, pyramid base angle are that the refractive index of θ and pyramid is n.Pyramid is δ=arcsin (nsin θ)-θ to the deflection angle that incident collimates parallel laser (far-field divergence angle is less).If adopt the very little pyramid in base angle, then following formula also can further be reduced to the θ of δ=(n-1).The pyramid that designs among the present invention utilizes the experiment of pyramid generation hollow beam different with present great majority, and the base angle is bigger, but the experimental result proof does not influence imaging effect." the Bessel zone " that forms behind the pyramid (promptly in this zone radially light distribution do not change with the change of propagation distance, this phenomenon is called " no diffraction " characteristic, its light beam is called " no diffraction Bessel light beam ") length l=(w/tan δ)-wtan θ, the external diameter r of outgoing hollow beam
Out=2d/ (1/tan δ-tan θ), internal diameter r
In=2d-l/ (1/tan δ-tan θ) can define the hollow beam radius thus and is:
r
HLB＝(r
out+r
in)/2＝[2d/(1/tanδ-tanθ)]-w/2 (1)
Adopt pyramid n=1.51 in the present embodiment, θ=22.4 °, δ=12.7 °, so have:
d≈2.013r
HLB+W (2)
Can be clear that very that from following formula the radius of outgoing hollow beam is linear to the distance of catoptron with the pyramid summit, can change the size of hollow beam easily by regulating latter's size, this is a superior part of the present invention.
Embodiment 2.
The concrete scheme of present embodiment as shown in Figure 5,45 ° of completely reflecting mirrors 3 that a centre is drilled with aperture 30 are placed in front in 0 ° of completely reflecting mirror, 2 combinations of single pyramid 1 and its postposition, incident laser is penetrated along former road by aperture 30 by these 0 ° of completely reflecting mirror, 2 reflection backs, hollow beam is then departed from incident laser direction output by 3 reflections of 45 ° of completely reflecting mirrors, a kind of so collapsible light path has been saved the space, and the output hollow beam has been avoided coaxial incident laser.Export the not restriction of Stimulated Light polarization of hollow beam in addition, aperture 30 has also played the effect of " filtration ", makes the hollow beam center cleaner.Unique deficiency is exactly the restriction that the bore of exporting hollow beam is subjected to aperture 30, can not be too little.
Embodiment 3.
The concrete scheme of present embodiment as shown in Figure 6.When incident laser is linearly polarized light (this point can satisfy usually), allow incident laser earlier by a polarization beam splitter prism 4, again by optical axis direction and laser polarization direction λ/4 wave plates 5 at 45, then through single pyramid 1 and 0 ° of completely reflecting mirror 2 combination, the polarization direction of outgoing hollow beam is vertical with the polarization direction of incident laser like this, penetrate from the another side of polarization beam splitter prism 4, also solved problem with the coaxial output of incident laser.The advantage of present embodiment is that the size of hollow beam can regulate arbitrarily, is not subjected among the embodiment 2 aperture 30 sizes to the restriction of hollow beam.
At last, the experimental verification that utilizes 3 pairs of formulas of embodiment (2) to be done, (wherein w=1.2mm) as shown in Figure 3, theoretical as can be seen and experiment meets finely.
Utilize hollow beam CCD image that the foregoing description obtains and xsect light distribution as shown in Figure 4.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of single pyramid collimated hollow light beams generation device, comprise a single pyramid, it is characterized in that: the one rearmounted catoptron that becomes light path to connect with it is set in this list awl back, incident laser is injected from the place ahead of this list pyramid, after this postposition mirror reflects, return this list pyramid, penetrate and the formation collimated hollow light beams from this single awl again.
2, single pyramid collimated hollow light beams generation device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: face is provided with the middle mirror in front that is drilled with aperture of one side before described single pyramid and its rearmounted arrangement of mirrors, optical axis passes this aperture, and incident laser is injected from this aperture.
3, single pyramid collimated hollow light beams generation device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the mirror in front that described centre is drilled with aperture should be 45 ° of completely reflecting mirrors.
4, single pyramid collimated hollow light beams generation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: by the incident laser direction, establish a polarization beam splitter prism and a λ/4 wave plates successively on the optical axis of described single pyramid and its rearmounted arrangement of mirrors front.
5, according to claim 1,2,3 or 4 described single pyramid collimated hollow light beams generation devices, it is characterized in that: the catoptron of described single pyramid postposition is 0 ° of completely reflecting mirror of one side.
6, according to claim 1,2,3 or 4 described single pyramid collimated hollow light beams generation devices, it is characterized in that: described single pyramid is a cone and connects one in its bottom surface right cylinder is installed.
7, according to claim 1,2,3 or 4 described single pyramid collimated hollow light beams generation devices, it is characterized in that: the longitudinal section of described single pyramid is an isosceles triangle.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNA200410016728XA CN1560666A (en) | 2004-03-04 | 2004-03-04 | Device for generating single-pyramid collimation hollow light beam |
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| CNA200410016728XA CN1560666A (en) | 2004-03-04 | 2004-03-04 | Device for generating single-pyramid collimation hollow light beam |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100371745C (en) * | 2006-04-24 | 2008-02-27 | 天津大学 | Method of generating hollow hight beam and tuning by utilizing optical fiber intermodal interference |
| CN101950915A (en) * | 2010-09-07 | 2011-01-19 | 长春理工大学 | Resonant cavity capable of obtaining hollow laser beams |
| CN102436066A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-05-02 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for adjusting internal/external diameters of hollow beams |
| CN105043305A (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2015-11-11 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Quantum correlated autocollimator and angle measurement method thereof |
| CN105149774A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2015-12-16 | 北京工业大学 | Beam shaping method for laser-plasma arc coaxial hybrid welding |
-
2004
- 2004-03-04 CN CNA200410016728XA patent/CN1560666A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100371745C (en) * | 2006-04-24 | 2008-02-27 | 天津大学 | Method of generating hollow hight beam and tuning by utilizing optical fiber intermodal interference |
| CN101950915A (en) * | 2010-09-07 | 2011-01-19 | 长春理工大学 | Resonant cavity capable of obtaining hollow laser beams |
| CN102436066A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-05-02 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for adjusting internal/external diameters of hollow beams |
| CN105043305A (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2015-11-11 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Quantum correlated autocollimator and angle measurement method thereof |
| CN105043305B (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2017-12-19 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | A kind of Quantum Correlation autocollimator and angle-measuring method |
| CN105149774A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2015-12-16 | 北京工业大学 | Beam shaping method for laser-plasma arc coaxial hybrid welding |
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