CN1555456A

CN1555456A - Internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number: CN1555456A
Application number: CNA02818128XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 德米特里・维克托罗维奇・阿纳申; 德米特里·维克托罗维奇·阿纳申
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2001-07-20
Filing date: 2002-07-18
Publication date: 2004-12-15
Anticipated expiration: 2022-07-18
Also published as: CN1329646C; RU2184864C1; WO2003008784A1

Abstract

The invention relates to engine engineering, in particular to internal combustion engines. Said invention makes it possible to increase the efficiency and power of an engine, simplify the constructive design and reduce the external dimensions thereof, essentially reduce stress in a mechanism for conversion of motion and the specific mass thereof and improve the ecological properties of the engine. The inventive internal combustion engine comprises at least one cylinder provided with two oppositely disposed and moving pistons and a crankshaft arranged therein. Said pistons are provided with connecting rods. A valve timing gear is embodied in the form of a scavering and a fuel injection window. The mechanism for conversion of motion of pistons into rotary motion of the crankshaft is provided with rockers corresponding to the number of pistons. The connecting rods of the pistons are connected to the first rocker arms, the connecting rods being pivotally connected to the second rocker arms, respectively. Two oppositely disposed connecting rods are arranged on two mutually crossing planes, respectively, said planes being disposed in a vertical position with respect to the plane of rotation of the crankshaft. The connecting rods are arranged in such a way that when one connecting rod is disposed in the position of the top or lower dead centre of the piston connected thereto, another connecting rod is disposed in a position which is different with respect to the top or lower dead centre of the piston connected thereto.

Description

Internal-combustion engine

Technical field

The present invention relates to engine product, particularly, internal-combustion engine.

Technical background

A kind of known motor comprises at least one cylinder, and pistons reciprocating is installed and formed common firing chamber in it; Operation is with the valve mechanism as scavenging and fuel injection part; With the movement conversion mechanism that is connected with piston, be used as crankshaft gear (referring to certificate, USA No.4010610,1977).

The shortcoming of this known engine is that efficient is not enough and performance is low.

A kind of known motor comprises two pistons, these two opposed installations of piston, and provide connecting rod; Each connecting rod is connected to and converts piston motion to mechanism's (referring to certificate, USANo.2199625 published in 1940) that output shaft rotatablely moves.

This motor can not make full use of the volume of cylinder, because can not realize the situation of maximum piston stroke.When may realize the piston range and, thus, when adjusting motion, the swing mechanism of inner transmission device makes this situation become impossible.This situation has reduced the volume of cylinder and the release of heat energy is worsened.This also causes the assembling difficulty of inner transmission device simultaneously.

A kind of known internal-combustion engine, comprise, at least one cylinder, the mutual within it opposed installation of reciprocating two pistons, and have connecting rod another to-and-fro motion relatively on the piston, a bent axle, one converts piston motion the mechanism of crankshaft rotating motion to, and this mechanism provides rocker arm according to the quantity of piston, and crankshaft-link rod is opposed mutually, be connected with first rocker arm at rocking bar upper piston connecting rod, and second rocker arm of crankshaft-link rod and corresponding rocking bar is connected.(referring to I.I.ARTOBOLEVSKY, Mechanisms in the current technology, the 2nd volume., " connecting rod, crank and slide mechanism ", Moscow, " Nauka ", the 486th page, Figure 149 5).The shortcoming of above-mentioned motor is its poor efficiency and low performance.

This internal-combustion engine comprises, at least, and a cylinder as prototype, this cylinder has two opposed and pistons reciprocating and installs in it, have connecting rod on the piston, also comprise bent axle, as the valve mechanism of scavenging and fuel injection part, movement conversion is become the mechanism of crankshaft rotating motion, this mechanism provides rocking bar according to the quantity of piston, and opposed crankshaft-link rod is in this Placement, piston rod is connected with first rocker arm, and second rocker arm of crankshaft-link rod and corresponding rocking bar is connected.(referring to certificate, Germany 475504, and publish April 11 nineteen twenty-nine).

Its shortcoming is poor efficiency, and promptly when piston is positioned at top dead center, air pressure is as many as zero to the force component of piston owing to a fact for this, and this force component is with so that be in the crankshaft rotating of this crank position.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to raise the efficiency, capacity, ecosystem characterization and performance, to simplify the design of motor, reduce the overall dimension of motor, reduce the load of movement conversion mechanism significantly, and alleviate certain weight, this is because gas pressure acts on the piston under the situation of maximum gas pressure, therefore produce the pressure component turning crankshaft, and under the situation of cylinder internal air pressure maximum, the bent axle that is in top dead center position rotates needed power and reduces, simultaneously when the cylinder volume between two pistons (being the volume of firing chamber) when the minimum value, increased the time that piston is in this situation.

The realization of above-mentioned purpose, be because such fact, this internal-combustion engine comprises, at least, a cylinder, form common firing chamber within it, this cylinder has two mutual opposed and pistons reciprocating, has connecting rod on the piston, also comprises bent axle, valve mechanism as scavenging and fuel injection part, convert piston motion the mechanism of crankshaft rotating motion to, this mechanism and work together according to rocking bar and opposed crankshaft-link rod that number of pistons provides is in this connects, piston rod is connected with first rocker arm, and second rocker arm of crankshaft-link rod and corresponding rocking bar is connected; Two opposed crankshaft-link rods are arranged in the cross one another plane vertical with the crankshaft rotating plane, here crankshaft-link rod is by following layout, when piston that one of them connected is positioned at or during lower dead center, the piston that another connecting rod connected is not positioned at or bottom dead center position.

The bent axle axle head may be disposed in asymmetric position in crankshaft center line.

First rocker arm of each rocking bar may be longer than each second rocker arm of rocking bar.

First rocker arm of each rocking bar may be shorter than each second rocker arm of rocking bar.

Crankshaft-link rod may be disposed on the same axle head of back one rocking bar, and in the rocking bar one is a U-shaped.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 shows that the basic sketch of motor; Fig. 2,3,4 are depicted as the diagram of piston motion, Figure 5 shows that the diagram of the asymmetric placement of bent axle axle head, Figure 6 shows that the motor diagram that links together according to the method and the connecting rod of crankshaft-link rod by buoyant beam, Yi Bian Figure 7 shows that crankshaft-link rod is by at the connection diagram that is using the buoyant beam another side to use the method for rocking bar to be connected with connecting rod; Figure 8 shows that the figure that is connected with the U-shaped rocking bar at one of same bent axle axle head and connecting rod according to the crankshaft-link rod present position.

Embodiment

This internal-combustion engine comprises, at least, a cylinder 1, have two opposed

reciprocating pistons

3,4 are positioned at it forms common firing chamber 2, and have a connecting rod 5, also comprise bent axle 6, valve mechanism (not expressing in the drawings) as scavenging and fuel injection part converts piston motion to mechanism that bent axle 6 rotatablely moves, this mechanism and according to piston 3, the rocking bar 7 that 4 quantity provides and the opposed connecting rod 8 and 9 of bent axle 6 are worked together, here piston 3 is connected with 4 connecting rod 5 and first rocker arm of rocking bar 7, and second rocker arm 11 of the connecting rod 8,9 of bent axle 6 and corresponding rocking bar 7 is connected.Two opposed connecting rods 8 of bent axle 6 lay respectively at and the vertical mutual crossing plane of bent axle 6 rotations with 9.The connecting rod 8 of bent axle 6 and 9 is arranged as follows, and when piston that one of them connected is positioned at or during lower dead center, the piston that another connecting rod connected is not positioned at or bottom dead center position, vice versa.

Bent axle axle head 6 (not expressing in the drawings) may be disposed in the position of asymmetric axis in bent axle 6.

First rocker arm 10 of rocking bar 7 may be longer than each second rocker arm 11 of rocking bar 7.

First rocker arm 10 of rocking bar may be longer than each second rocker arm 11 of rocking bar 7.

Motor may use Diesel or Otto cycle running.

Motor is as follows with each diesel cycle running.

1. work as

piston

3 and 4 and move (bent axle 6 turns clockwise) to the center of cylinder 1, when piston 4 moves to top dead center position (the connecting rod axle head is positioned at a M), piston 3 does not also arrive top dead center position (Fig. 2), but the cylinder volume between

piston

3 and 4 has been reduced to minimum (being also referred to as the volume of firing chamber 2) according to thermal design.In this case, the temperature of cylinder 1 compressed air has reached maximum value.

2. the dead-centre position motion and piston 3 does not also arrive its top dead center position from it of rotation (Fig. 3) piston 4---

piston

3 and 4 is arranged asymmetric in axes O A (bent axle 6-cylinder 1), and the connecting rod axle head lays respectively at a K and E (Fig. 1) when bent axle continues.In the position of this bent axle 6, the volume of the cylinder 1 between the

piston

3 and 4 is approximately equal to the volume of cylinder mentioned in the first preceding example 1.

3. when bent axle continuation rotation (Fig. 4), piston 3 arrives its top dead center positions, and piston 4 further from its top dead center position (the connecting rod axle head lays respectively at a B and C) (Fig. 1).

In the position of this bent axle 6, the volume of the cylinder 1 between the

piston

3 and 4 still is approximately equal to the volume of the cylinder of mentioning in the first preceding example 1.

Fuel injection is carried out between the position of the mentioned bent axle 6 of paragraph 1 and paragraph 3 and in this case, when bent axle is positioned at paragraph 3 described positions, the major component of fuel oil is lighted, this causes

piston

3 and 4 suffered gas pressures sharply to rise, because piston 4 has been in the position different with top dead center; Act on the tangential component that gas pressure produced on the piston 4 and act on the axle head of bent axle 6 (the some C among Fig. 1), provide Engine torque by it like this.

When motor turns round with Otto cycle, light a fire by spark at the mixture of this crank position air and fuel oil.

The variation example of inventive embodiments

Use be connected with connecting rod (Fig. 7) of method of rocking bar according to crankshaft-link rod by using the buoyant beam another side on one side, perhaps crankshaft-link rod is installed on the same axle head of bent axle and a situation (Fig. 8) that is connected on the U-shaped rocking bar in the connecting rod realizes that there are some variations in the method for this motor.

Commercial Application

The objective of the invention is to raise the efficiency, capacity, ecosystem characterization and performance, start with simplification The design of machine reduces the overall dimension of engine, reduces significantly the load of movement conversion mechanism, And reducing certain weight, this is because the gas pressure-acting is being lived in the situation of maximum gas pressure , therefore produce the pressure component turning crankshaft beyond the Great Wall, and in the situation of cylinder internal gas pressure maximum, The bent axle that is in top dead center position rotates needed power and reduces, and works as between two pistons simultaneously When cylinder volume (being the volume of combustion chamber) is minimum of a value, has increased piston and be in this situation Time.

Claims

1. internal-combustion engine, comprise at least one cylinder, having reciprocating two opposed pistonss installs in it to form common firing chamber, and has a connecting rod, bent axle, valve mechanism as scavenging and fuel injection part, piston motion switching mechanism, to convert rotatablely moving of bent axle to, this mechanism works with rocking bar that provides according to number of pistons and opposed crankshaft-link rod, first rocker arm of piston rod and rocking bar is connected in this connects, and second rocker arm of crankshaft-link rod and corresponding rocking bar is connected

It is characterized in that two opposed crankshaft-link rods are arranged in the mutual crossing plane perpendicular to the crankshaft rotating plane; Here crankshaft-link rod is by following layout, and when piston position that one of them connecting rod connected thereon or during bottom dead center position, the position is not thereon or bottom dead center position for the piston that another connecting rod connected.

2. motor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the bent axle axle head is arranged in asymmetric position in crankshaft center line.

3. as the described motor of claim 1 to 2, it is characterized in that first rocker arm of each rocking bar can be longer than each second rocker arm of rocking bar.

4. as the described motor of claim 1 to 2, it is characterized in that first rocker arm of each rocking bar can be shorter than each second rocker arm of rocking bar.

5. as the described motor of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that crankshaft-link rod is arranged on the same axle head of back one rocking bar, and in the rocking bar one is a U-shaped.