CN1539719A

CN1539719A - Metal bare tank in high, low pressures and new technique for manufacturing, modifying tank cars for 'fireproofing', 'cracking protection', 'anti side turn down'

Info

Publication number: CN1539719A
Application number: CNA2003101037950A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 田树伦
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2003-10-30
Filing date: 2003-10-30
Publication date: 2004-10-27

Abstract

A high-and low-pressure bare metallic tank or tank truck for toxic and harmful substances and its 'fire-proofing' 'anti-explosion' and 'lateral overturning-resistant' production technology are disclosed.

Description

Naked jar of high and low pressure metal and tank car " fire prevention ", " anti-explosion ", " anti-rollover " manufacturing improvement new process

In our production, life, various types of high and low pressure metals are naked jar to be of common occurrence.The train tank car of image-stone oiling worker aspect, transportation tank, waterwheel, the column type of coal gas, oil, chemical industry one class, spherical storage tank or the like.Also have the blue gas, natural fuels and the domestic gas jar that be unable to do without in the rank and file's daily life all to belong to this series products.Its field of application is very extensive, relates to all trades and professions, the huge numbers of families of production, life.Yet among actual life, above-mentioned cited high and low pressure utensil is because its design and production technology also all are direct metal nude state basically.High pressure tank body more than 80 percent is more arranged; basically just has certain thickness single-layer metal steel plate structure; promptly there is not outer thermal insulation protection; do not have inner withstand voltage explosion-proof design again, just add (jar class that has owing to take up poisonous, objectionable impurities blowdown valve all can not be) of the blowdown valve and so on of a physical construction at most by adorning.Therefore, national annual the catching fire of a lot of oil, chemical industry class storage tank of all can taking place, the toppling or leak the serious case of poisonous, objectionable impurities etc. of blast and tank car, tank car car load producing, causing certain loss and harm aspect the life for the country and people masses.For this type of problem, production safety management office of State Council and public security fire-fighting department all will highlight the emphasis prevention and control scope of listing in every year, but still generation and the appearance that can not thoroughly stop accident.Because this class is equipped it as same very dangerous not timing bomb, all might explode, burn and discharge toxin at any time, jeopardize the people's life and property.So, how can thoroughly prevent these danger, to avoid incident poisonous, that objectionable impurities jeopardizes common people's life to occur once more? this should pick up from the source by let us.We are as you know: the processing and the production of modern industry metal can class, though all be that some special trade enterprises up-to-standard through the national departments concerned approval, that have certain equipment capability come specialty manufacturing.Can be owing to its production technology backward relatively, cause in whole process of production, can making the part metals steel plate to be subjected to certain internal injury evil.For example: some steel plates can be owing to equipment or some artificial factor in the operation of rolling, and phenomenon thin, that thickness ununiformity is even appears in product as a result; Also have in the process of digging system half arc, semicircle and make also having of the local damaged of steel plate; It is because defect cause of steel plate material aspect or the like that individual other more arranged.And the problem that these phenomenons caused with the naked eye can not found as general operation and user of service.Even you adopt the X-ray equipment defect-detecting equipment also to be not easy the delicate variation of finding that its inside configuration takes place.These internal injuries or the thin position of decreasing have only the iron and steel fatigue phase through a stage, just can show.For example indivedual tank bodies bulge, distortion will occur through the use in a stage, extremely other in addition also phenomenons such as serious corrosion, seepage can appear, be exactly actual performance the most directly perceived, this hides some dangers for can for again the more appearance of serious accident.And the design service life of the modern metal bare steel can of result often all surpassed 10 years in addition have up to 20 years, though country early has regulation to require the said goods must be every two---carried out a tank body and check in 3 years.Be in the north temperate zone of the earth in our its geographic position of country, nationwide south, northern area winter, summer the temperature difference all can surpass four, 50 spend more than, the temperature difference at its relative two is exactly the natural situation of hundred, 80 degree, this will inevitably accelerate the displaying as early as possible of iron and steel fatigue phase, more can influence steel endoplasm structure from you and certain variation occur.Extreme corrosive property as the extremely sensitive formed high pressure characteristic of effumability of oil, chemical industry fluid-like state physical product and strong acid, strong alkali further can strengthen the promotion that steel plate is produced deformation again.Especially the tank body of those removable vehicle class institute prestowages waves, violent jolting strongly in traveling process, has powerful impact and crowded ability and fluid oil, watery flow of matter bring, can make the steel plate damaged part take place obviously to change.Cause tank body local bulge, distortion etc. to occur.Even self breakage do not appear in whole tank body, also can cause some peripheral configuration because of overusing or long neglected and in disrepair, acid and alkali corrosion, more likely be owing to collide with, scrape behavior such as hit, cause tank body leakage phenomenon to occur, jeopardize peripheral masses' life and property.We must not wait for according to this animated reality, guarantee the safety of people's lives and properties, should prevent trouble before it happens.My recent design goes out a whole set of naked jar of prevention metal comprehensively, is avoiding Exposure to Sunlight, fire to bake heatproof degree steep variation; Prevent that the naked jar body of iron and steel is owing to interior pressure, the perhaps outside local explosion that reason caused such as collide with; Prevent tank car because break turn causes the problem of aspects such as unbalance rollover, take concrete counter-measure to rectify and improve comprehensively.Believing from then on can be to the generation and the appearance of above-mentioned unsafe condition, the effect that has prevention and stop.Greatly strengthen its safety and reliability, the case of avoiding jeopardizing people's life and property further occurs, and perhaps more can reduce destructive property damage or the like, to the country, society all is highly profitable.Below just please allow me do with detailed introduction to every expert.This first measure is exactly: for the naked jar of metal is worn " armor "; The people who generally understands a little metal solder knowledge knows, two block plates and electric welding rod three parts are under the heat of high-temperature electric arc merges in the welding process of metal foil, is combined into two plates to be linked together to the banded structure of projection along seam for one.The intensity at this band shape weld seam position is better than the stretch-proof and the hardness of steel plate itself.This be because the molecular structure of iron under big electric current action of high temperature, the matter density enhanced results that you mutually combine has taken place to change in its carbon content.Add composition be complementary with it, by high temperature melt the accumulation interlock of metal electric welding rod part, very significantly along the position of Steel Structure Weld trend no matter be dull and stereotyped might as well or tank body, its breakage resistant luer degree is much larger than non-weld.This conclusion draw us can be by real-life, the numerous oil tank or general accident hull damaged parts of breakage of having met with are investigated: the tank body distortion and the iron and steel of 90 percent above accident breakage torn all non-weld in position (removing the exception that damaged part by chance is positioned at weld), and its phenomenon is fairly obvious.So, we just make full use of these characteristics, bring into play its preceence comprehensively, whole when manufacturing each metalloid high and low pressure tank body (especially high pressure resistant jar) to use that up-to-date means come be our existing novel metal tank body " encryption supercharging ".That is to say, no matter be the metal can class of what shape, in our design and manufacturing process, all (concrete big I at interval is according to the tank body requirement of withstand voltage about 20 centimetres to whenever being separated by along the original soldered of tank body, or thin, the thick degree of steel plate and decide), it is thin, thick equally with tank body to stick on one of outer repair welding, and material is identical and change system into equally that to paste weldering position radian consistent with tank body, is about 20 centimetres and multiply by 20 centimeter square or close steel plate piece.And as horizontal, vertical arrangement or the interlocking spread all over all can, whole can body is sticked on full weld, does not make omission.And the result who handles as the method, promptly imitative as " fish scale " is next to the shin, and for example protection in ancient times " armor " health.Making our cylinder of steel " all over " is weld seam, and therefore buildup thickness even the local existence of indivedual tank body is difficult for found defective, also can change take place everywhere, has reached a new withstand voltage degree.

Can not look down upon this near the phenomenon of beating " patch ", this simple processing means in fact, not only do not make what (according to adding layer and lack about 2/3rds approximately) of tank body weightening finish, instead be subdivided into latticed crisscross reinforcement " arrangement of reinforcement " generally for big block plate than being abound with.It just is similar to " modern fire balloon " net and protects anti-broken structural principle: no outer cover string bag is the balloon cracky then, has the outer layer net trellis protection will anti-stormy waves, comes must be doubled and redoubled voltage endurance capability and Dent resistance therefrom.In addition, so processing more can make those experiences topple on the vehicle-mounted tank body of contingency and the ground surface or car and car between hard thing when colliding with, the possibility that is punctured steel plate reduces widely.Reticular density makes greater than the hard thing more than 20 centimetres and is merely able to sting the commissure or adds on layer steel plate, and is difficult to puncture our iron and steel tank body really less than 20 centimetres hard thing.Here it is, and we give the effect of " armor " that tank body newly wears, will inevitably make tank body itself for no matter being congenital existing defective and the position that does not have defective, all correspondingly increased anti-in pressure or resist the ability of external bump.Under identical condition, will inevitably reduce the probability of whole tank body generation deformation again comprehensively and reduce the outer breakage rate that clashes into.This is the new mode that has reality protection meaning.

At the same time, we also must " wear the thermal insulation clothing " for those load tank body inflammable, explosive liquid object; Add a series of measures such as protecting sleeve into and out of discharge side for liquid substance.That is to say that we also will adopt fire-retardant glass fabric parcel tank body, and interior filling mineral rock wool etc. is fire-retardant, thermal insulation material cover protects tank body and prevents that Exposure to Sunlight, fire are roasting, also needs be coated with the waterproof paint vehicle and avoid corrosion outward.Make the metal high and low pressure tank body fire prevention of our new production, ability withstand voltage, rust protection further strengthen, and can delay the iron and steel fatigue phase comprehensively like this.We also need aim at naked pipe, valve, an oral area position externally and install the enhanced protection cover additional.Prevent " the not broken pipe of tank body leaks earlier " in the accident process; " main jar do not decrease valve malfunctioning " etc. is difficult to the appearance of artificial restriction problem.Certainly, these back two processing means are just current not to have too big novelty, however must can protect just now through naked jar of the metal of so handling perfectly safe!

Security and stability for vehicle-mounted metal can, except we want strict regulations load, limit for height two aspects (control overload and the height of stipulating tank body), we also must thoroughly improve all the automobile supporting part bit architectures except that railway groove tank car, to avoid the rollover phenomenon of vehicle in the break turn process.Let us at first is analyzed the reason that why the tank car preference is turned on one's side so! All know to some extent for the flowing power characteristics of liquid in fact, why the tank car railway carriage or compartment all is designed to circle or oval-shaped reason and has also made full use of this characteristic just.Yet the flowing power of liquid is to some extent still to lose because of the change of compartment shape, and only circle or oval-shaped advantage are more more.These influences for the safety traffic aspect of vehicle all are identical.Why say so? this is to determine because of the vehicle carrying structure.They all are to be born a heavy burden by the steel plate shock mitigation system for medium tonnage or large-tonnage load-carrying vehicle.And the steel plate bumper is to become turriform to be arranged in a combination by successively decrease the one by one high resiliency steel plate of (or reversed arrangement) size of multilayer size.Its shock absorption principle is exactly after the ground floor steel plate bears the pressure that does not live in the compartment, presses to second layer steel plate,---by that analogy, last drop point load is on axletree.Certainly, every layer of steel plate all is that certain utmost carrying ability is arranged, and the sum total of this limit of vehicle both sides steel plate bumper has just determined the gross deadweight of this car.This all is in like manner for all lorries.So, this is also identical, that also in like manner, why tank car is than other vehicles preference rollovers? root just is that the flowing power of liquid is big, cause vehicle's center of gravity depart from excessive due to.When vehicle emergency was turned, the inertia of vehicle can make whole center of gravity get rid of outward on the one hand, and nearly all weight is all pressed to the steel plate shock mitigation system of a side under action of centrifugal force, caused the serious overload of outside bumper.It is oppositely arciform just might to press this moment quick-fried tire or car body a part meeting invar plate bumper to be pressed into, thereby has reduced compartment and whole height, causes the tire of swiping, and punctures tire (tire of this moment is overload also) at last; On the other hand, even tire is not crushed, and the centrifugal inertial force of vehicle can make the liquid in the tank body pour into a side, owing to the combined action of tank skin and liquid fluidity, liquid is refluxed to reversing sense after being rushed to the limit; After reverberating the limit, can pour into the outside again once more, resemble as the wave effect repeatedly.And this application force just pushes over a fan wall as everybody and once gushes repeatedly to push and be pressed on the steel plate bumper, and car load is played pendulum until overturning.The principle and the process of the easy rollover of liquid tank car that Here it is, we must be improved at this phenomenon.Our practice is: let us is according to the size of vehicle tonnage, the difference of structure, and appropriate location adds a non-return contact between both sides, compartment bottom girder and vehicle semiaxis sheath, and the excessive bullet of controlling shock mitigation system falls.What is called the non-return contact? that is exactly when the compartment center of gravity because the flowing power effect of liquid, making should be by the relative weight of four or eight tires (just answering the weight of both sides tire carrying), the carrying of two helper spring bumpers, when complete two or four tires, helper spring bumper carrying by a side, must cause the opposite sense back of a bow that is of this bumper to descend, and whole compartment has all been descended highly: the compartment bottom girder is about about 40 centimetres apart from the interval of car semiaxis sheath during the script empty wagons, has about 15 centimetres and the relative spacing of this moment is only also surplus.So, if during complete vehicle curb condition, between vehicle tyre and the tire backplate 20 centimetres of spacings, will inevitably cause swiping between tire backplate and the tire this moment.If we are at the straight short wooden stake that increases about 25 centimetres between compartment bottom girder and the vehicle semiaxis oversheath, when because gravity presses down the spacing during less than 25 centimetres that makes car body and vehicle semiaxis oversheath, this steel short wooden stake promptly supports to therebetween.Stop the overflexing of steel plate bumper, car body is controlled when it drops to a certain degree.So promptly can give play to the cushioning effect of bumper, the mutual scratching tire in other positions, compartment in the time of can avoiding bumper ineffective again.Just remain between compartment and the tire and have certain spacing.This also plays and stop excessively departing from of vehicle body simultaneously, reduces liquid substance and gushes the swing degree, can protect the steel plate bumper to suffer damage again, has strengthened the driving safety performance of vehicle relatively.Our anti-rolling new measure of being taked at the metal tank car that Here it is, it is equally applicable to various lorry structures in fact.Be bound to strengthen modern vehicle safety, fast speed riding stability, the incidence of further minimizing accident is for our motherland's socialist modernization drive makes a due contribution comprehensively!

In sum; we are at the pressure-resistant treatments of naked jar of all kinds of high and low pressure metals of modern times; the transformation of thermal insulation protection and vehicle stability; the fire prevention of this series products, explosion-proof ability have been strengthened comprehensively; reduced the accident rate of vehicle, inevitable abundanter economic benefit and the good social benefit of also can winning.

The metal can that we mentioned in the top literary composition also just as figure pastes the welding block structure outward: 1, figure: 2, indicate like that, and the configuration of relevant tank body external thermal insulation, owing to its be belong to well-known methods here I with regard to no longer repetition.As for the non-return contact pattern and the position of the rollover prevention structure of groove jar vehicle class, also be will be according to various vehicle structure different and not corresponding to.(large-scale multiple-axle vehicle can be provided with non-return contact, many places) is as long as but can be real play a protective role can be made into bar, the short wooden stake class of Any shape.Its basic status is just as figure: 3, with figure: 4, showing.We mentioned in the protecting sleeve literary composition for tank body peripheral hardware pipe, valve, mouth, and were very important too in fact.Therefore we take an independent drawings marked, should be the project of can not ignore.Here simply enumerate our design, should discuss.Tentative is as figure: 5.OK, " three is anti-" manufacturing improvement new process of naked jar of our high and low pressure metal and tank car just make referrals to roughly here earlier, may also there be certain deficiency in foregoing, would like to ask every expert and adds to give advice.Thanks for Your Cooperation!

Claims

1, a kind of brand new technology method is transformed the metal bare steel can manufacturing technology of the petrochemical complex class application that comparatively falls behind at present.It is characterized in that: on current technology means basis, the steel plate piece of identical material according to requirement of withstand voltage, is suitably adjusted flexibly at interval, grasped thin and thick, spread all over to subsidize and be welded on naked tank body outside face, make it form new structure.Can allow new-type tank body in withstand voltage, anti-collision and prevent that Exposure to Sunlight, fire prevention are roasting, anticorrosion, prevent all having the quite raising of level aspect the abilities such as explosion.Particularly removable metalloid jar---vehicle-mounted naked jar anti-overturning is provided with the aspect, and customized design has gone out vehicle limit unbalance loading: the non-return contact structure.Improved widely and delivered safety, unfailing performance inflammable and explosive, poisonous and harmful petrochemical complex series products.Reduce above-mentioned substance and leak, contaminated environment, jeopardize the appearance of common people's safety of life and property case, and be of value to socialist modernization drive.

2, the non-return contact structure is divided into two kinds of the shaft-like fixed type of steel and the shaft-like clearance adjustable types of steel spiral.