CN1537029A

CN1537029A - Apparatus for mixing and reacting at least tow fluids

Info

Publication number: CN1537029A
Application number: CNA028113551A
Authority: CN
Inventors: K・M・旺当布舍; K·M·旺当布舍; 级; S·阿布多; 尔; V·赫塞尔; 特; H·洛伊; S·哈尔特
Original assignee: Universal Oil Products Co
Current assignee: Honeywell UOP LLC; Universal Oil Products Co
Priority date: 2001-05-07
Filing date: 2002-05-06
Publication date: 2004-10-13
Anticipated expiration: 2022-05-06
Also published as: JP2005512760A; WO2002089966A2; CN1280005C; EP1412067A2; KR100845200B1; WO2002089966A3; KR20040020900A

Abstract

A novel apparatus for mixing and reacting at least two fluids is disclosed. Excellent mixing and superior pressure drop characteristics are achieved in a device comprising at least two supply channels to feed a mixing chamber and create a vortex. The alignment of the supply channels is such that fluids are introduced into the chamber at both tangential and radial directions. In the case of gas/liquid mixing, particularly advantageous is the injection of the liquid stream tangentially and the gas stream radially. Reaction of the fluids can take place within the mixing chamber or in a separate reactor in fluid communication with the mixing chamber outlet. The mixer/reactor apparatus is especially useful for reactions where rapid diffusion is critical.

Description

Being used for will at least two kinds of equipment that fluid mixes and reacts

The background of invention

The present invention relates to be used at least two kinds of fluids are mixed and the novel device of reaction.This equipment comprises mixing chamber, at least two pipeline and mixing chamber outlets that are used to discharge the fluid-mixing materials flow that are used for injecting to the chamber with tangent line and radial direction fluid.Can be incorporated into a reaction zone in the mixing chamber or separation with it.

When at least two kinds of fluids were mixed, the purpose that realize was to obtain even distribution as much as possible.Use w.Ehrfeld, V.Hessel, H.L we to be published in " microreactor in 2000 at Wiley-VCH, the new technology of modern chemistry " static mixer of (Microreactors, New Technology for ModernChemistry) 41-85 page or leaf is favourable.For liquid, known static mixer is that the micron-sized adjacent fluid layer that replaces has obtained the incorporation time between several milliseconds to 1 second by producing thickness.The higher diffusion constant of gas makes its mixing even faster.Different with the dominant dynamic mixer of the influence of turbulent-flow conditions, the predetermined geometry of static mixer has been realized accurately determining of convection cell layer width and the evolving path.Consequently, having obtained very narrow incorporation time distributes.This has provided a large amount of possibilities of carrying out the optimization of chemical reaction at selectivity, productive rate even security.

Another advantage of static mixer is reducing of part dimension, and this makes itself and the integrated of neighbouring device (for example heat exchanger and reactor) become easier.Process optimization can be reinforced owing to the pressure between two or more parts in enclosure space interacts.Static mixer not only can be used for the formation of liquid/liquid and gas/gas mixture class, also can be used for the formation that liquid/liquid emulsion and liquid/gas disperse thing.Also can be used for heterogeneous static mixer and phase transfer reaction.

Use the static mixer of multi-layer stacks or fluid layer principle in one plane to have the channel design (the same, 64-73 page or leaf) of the mixing of wide 25-40 micron.These passages are divided into a plurality of modes parallel and that alternately flow round about fluid streams that arrange, that separate with two kinds of fluids to be mixed.Adjacent fluid streams shifted out horizontal plane vertically upward, pass slit and be in contact with one another.But, using the structure method of formationing be suitable for large-scale production, only can be decreased in the scope below the micron with channel geometry with based on this fluid layer width with limited degree.

Further reducing of the size of the fluid layer of use multi-layer stacks principle by so-called " geometric focusing " realization.The static mixer that is used for this principle of use of harmful substance reaction is described in by T.M.Floyd etc. that W.Ehrfeld edits, Springer is published in " little reaction technology: industrial prospect in 2000; The 3rd little reaction technology international symposium/IMRET3 collection of thesis " (" Microreaction technology:Industrial prospects; Proceedings of theThird International Conference on Microreaction Technology/IMRET3 ") in the 171-179 page or leaf.The adjacency channel that replaces of two kinds of fluids to be mixed extends into funnel shaped chamber from the outside with semicircle opening formation radially outward, and is merged into passage narrow, that elongate.The fluid streams of layering mixes in the chamber and is transferred in the slype, thereby has reduced the width of each fluid layer.Under these laminar flow conditions, mixing is diffusible purely.Therefore, by the fluid layer width being decreased to micron has obtained Millisecond with subordinate incorporation time.Thereby the shortcoming of this structure is narrow passage must obtain completely, mix closely by long enough.This needs big structure and has caused higher pressure loss.

Different with these disclosed contents, equipment of the present invention provides solution on record with at least two kinds of quick, mixed uniformly problems of fluid, and has kept character and economic design that low pressure descends simultaneously.The effective mixing that is provided is used in combination with chemical reaction.Before reaction, do not bring the use eddy current of remarkable pressure loss or the mode of mixing chamber to mix to promote to mix fully feed components.Making us interested especially is that the fabulous dispersion of reactant can overcome those reactions of diffusion-restricted.Although can use it in the multiple application, the present invention is specially adapted to the small-scale or the little married operation that combine with reacting phase.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is used at least two kinds of fluids are mixed and the blender/reactor apparatus of reaction and overcome the pressure the mixed method high and restriction that diffusion is not enough that descends.Mixing is by realizing so that spiral generally flow path to be provided in the tangential direction of mixing chamber and the materials flow of injecting each fluid in the radial direction.Although can use it in the multiple application, the present invention is specially adapted in small-scale married operation or the little mixing.The present invention also can combine with reacting phase.

In first implementation, the present invention is used for equipment that the first fluid materials flow is mixed with second fluid streams.This equipment comprises first service, and wherein this first service has and is used to accept first service receiving terminal of first fluid materials flow and the first service outlet side opposite with the first service receiving terminal.This equipment also comprises second service, and wherein this second service has and is used to accept second service receiving terminal of second fluid streams and the second service outlet side opposite with the second service receiving terminal.This equipment also comprises the mixing chamber that is communicated with the first and second service outlet side fluids of first and second services.In the first and second service outlet sides one feed mixing chamber with tangential direction substantially, and another person in the first and second service outlet sides feeds mixing chamber with radial direction substantially.This equipment also comprises and is used to discharge the mixing chamber outlet product materials flow, that be communicated with mixing chamber core fluid.

In another implementation, the present invention is used for equipment that the first fluid materials flow and second fluid streams are mixed and react.This equipment comprises first service, and this first service has and is used to accept first service receiving terminal of first fluid materials flow and the first service outlet side opposite with the first service receiving terminal.This equipment also comprises second service, and this second service has and is used to accept second service receiving terminal of second fluid streams and the second service outlet side opposite with the second service receiving terminal.This equipment also comprises the mixing chamber of wherein having placed catalyst.This mixing chamber is communicated with at the first and second service outlet side fluids with first and second services.In the first and second service outlet sides one feed mixing chamber with tangential direction substantially, and another person in the first and second service outlet sides feeds mixing chamber with radial direction substantially.This equipment also comprises the mixing chamber outlet that is communicated with mixing chamber core fluid that is used to discharge the product materials flow.

In another implementation, the present invention is used for equipment that the first fluid materials flow and second fluid streams are mixed and react.This equipment comprises first service, and this first service has and is used to accept first service receiving terminal of first fluid materials flow and the first service outlet side opposite with the first service receiving terminal.This equipment also comprises second service, and this second service has and is used to accept second service receiving terminal of second fluid streams and the second service outlet side opposite with the second service receiving terminal.This equipment also comprises the mixing chamber that is communicated with at the first and second service outlet side fluids with first and second services.In the first and second service outlet sides one feed mixing chamber with tangential direction substantially, and another person in the first and second service outlet sides feeds mixing chamber with radial direction substantially.This equipment also comprises the mixing chamber outlet that is communicated with mixing chamber core fluid that is used to discharge the product materials flow.This equipment also comprises the reactor that has entrance and exit and determined the catalyst retaining space, and wherein reactor inlet is communicated with the mixing chamber outlet fluid.

In another implementation, the present invention is used for equipment that the first fluid materials flow and second fluid streams are mixed and react.This equipment comprises first service, and this first service has and is used to accept first service receiving terminal of first fluid materials flow and the first service outlet side opposite with the first service receiving terminal.This equipment also comprises second service, and this second service has and is used to accept second service receiving terminal of second fluid streams and the second service outlet side opposite with the second service receiving terminal.This equipment also comprises the mixing chamber that is communicated with at the first and second service outlet side fluids with first and second services.In the first and second service outlet sides one feed mixing chamber with tangential direction substantially, and another person in the first and second service outlet sides feeds mixing chamber with radial direction substantially.This equipment also comprises mixing chamber outlet mixture flow, that be communicated with mixing chamber core fluid that is used for discharging from mixing chamber first and second fluids.This equipment also comprises the reactor that has entrance and exit and determined the catalyst reserved area, and wherein reactor inlet is communicated with the mixing chamber outlet fluid.

In another implementation, the present invention is the laminated assembly that is used at least two kinds of fluids mixing.This assembly comprise basic for the plane, have outer surface and inner surface and defined and be used for first and second fluids are accepted to the cap rock of first and second feeding-passages of assembly.First and second feeding-passages extend to inner surface to form first and second ingress ports from outer surface.This assembly also comprises the basic mixed layer plane, that have upper surface and lower surface that is, wherein thereby mixed layer upper surface closure is placed on and has defined first feed path on the cap rock inner surface, and this first service has and first feed path receiving terminal of first feeding-passage fluid connection and the first feed path outlet side opposite with the first feed path receiving terminal.Cap rock and mixed layer have also defined second feed path, and this second service has and second feed path receiving terminal of second feeding-passage fluid connection and the second feed path outlet side opposite with the second feed path receiving terminal.Cap rock and mixed layer have also defined the mixing chamber that is communicated with the first and second feed path outlet side fluids, wherein one of first or second feed path outlet side feeds mixing chamber with tangential direction substantially, and another person in the first and second feed path outlet sides feeds mixing chamber with radial direction substantially.Cap rock and mixed layer have also defined and have been used for the mixture flow of first and second fluids from mixing chamber mixing chamber outlet passage that discharge, that be communicated with the mixing chamber fluid.

In another implementation, the present invention is the laminated assembly that is used at least two kinds of fluids.This assembly comprise basic for the plane, have outer surface and inner surface and defined and be used for first and second fluids are accepted to the cap rock of first and second feeding-passages of assembly.First and second feeding-passages extend to inner surface to form first and second ingress ports from outer surface.This laminated assembly also comprises and basic is the mixed layer plane, that have upper surface and lower surface, thereby mixed layer upper surface closure places and defined first feed path with the first feed path receiving terminal that is communicated with the first feeding-passage fluid and first feed path outlet side opposite with the first feeding-passage receiving terminal on the cap rock inner surface.Mixed layer be connected with closed cap ground from and defined second feed path with the second feed path receiving terminal that is communicated with the second feeding-passage fluid and second feed path outlet side opposite with the second feed path receiving terminal.Mixed layer be connected with closed cap ground from and defined and had the mixing chamber that is positioned over catalyst wherein.Mixing chamber is communicated with the first and second feed path outlet side fluids, wherein one in the first and second feed path outlet sides feed mixing chamber with tangential direction substantially, and another person in the first and second feed path outlet sides feeds mixing chamber with radial direction substantially.Thereby the mixing chamber outlet passage is communicated with the mixing chamber fluid product materials flow is discharged from mixing chamber.

In another implementation again, the present invention is used at least two kinds of fluid streams are mixed and the method for reaction randomly.This method comprises to be made the first fluid materials flow flow through first feeding-passage and the first fluid materials flow radially is injected into mixing chamber.This method also comprises to be made second fluid streams flow through second feeding-passage and second fluid streams tangentially is injected into mixing chamber forming eddy current, and the mixture of first and second fluids that mix is discharged in the centre of this eddy current certainly.This method also can further comprise reacts fluid-mixing in reative cell.

Implementation of these and other and purpose will become more clear after invention is described in detail.

The accompanying drawing summary

Accompanying drawing 1 is to have shown to have a plurality of vertical views of mixing chamber that alternately lead to the service of mixing chamber with tangential direction and radial direction.

Accompanying drawing 2 is to have shown two kinds of fluids premixed vertical view in service before being injected into mixing chamber.

Accompanying drawing 3 is to have shown a plurality of vertical views that the service and the service of two kinds of fluids mixing are rotated between tangential direction and radial direction with respect to mixing chamber.

Accompanying drawing 4 has shown the static mixer/reactor (for the purpose of clear each plate being separated) of the parts that comprise the plate that stacks, wherein the blender plate has defined and has had a plurality of open architectures of mixing chamber that alternately enter the service of mixing chamber with tangential direction and radial direction, and the reaction plate of blender plate below has defined the open architecture of reactor.

Accompanying drawing 5 has shown the static mixer/reactor (for clarity sake with each sheet separately) of the parts that comprise the plate that stacks, wherein the blender plate is constructed to make the premixed in feed path before being injected into mixing chamber of two kinds of fluids, and the reaction plate of reactor top has defined the open architecture of reactor.

The detailed description of invention

As mentioned above, the present invention relates to through improved, be used for two or more fluids are mixed and the equipment of reaction.Generally, the described fluid mixture that can be any gaseous state and liquid or material.Fluid also can have the solid constituent that is dissolved or dispersed in wherein, thereby the solution of lysed solid and slip (slurry that has for example comprised the liquid reactants of solid catalyst particle) also be can be used among the present invention.Other fluid (for example gas/liquid mixture, the gas of having carried particle secretly and three-phase slurry) that comprises a plurality of phases also be can be used for of the present invention.According to the present invention, the married operation of realizing before the reaction also comprises known dissolving, emulsification and scatter operation.Consequently, the mixture that obtains comprises that solution, liquid/liquid emulsion and gas/liquid and solid/liquid disperse thing.Blender/reactor apparatus of the present invention and method have can be used to form gas/liquid dispersion thing sharply, the fluid of at least a in the case injection mixing chamber contains gas or admixture of gas, and the another kind of at least fluid that injects contains liquid, liquid mixture, solution, dispersion thing or emulsion.

To be used to carry out chemical reaction according to blender/reactor of the present invention, particularly be the chemical reaction of feature with the DIFFUSION CONTROLLED.As mentioned below, reactant streams can be injected mixing chamber respectively or at first it led to the service premixed of this chamber.The concrete property of reaction is depended in optimum selection.For example, need reside permanently that the reaction of staying the time can be used premixed and realize best, preferably be undertaken by avoiding reactant to contact in the upstream of mixing chamber and under the situation that catalyst-free exists, have the reaction that non-selective accessory substance forms.The device (for example temperature or pressure sensor, flowmeter, heating element or heat exchanger) that is used for controlling chemical reaction can be integrated into blender/reactor apparatus.Comprise in the implementation (describing later on) of assembly of the layer that closure ground has connected that of equipment these devices can be arranged in that layer above or below the mixing chamber is gone up and can functional with it connection.As mentioned above, in order to carry out the heterogeneous catalysis chemical reaction, blender/reactor apparatus can also comprise catalysis material.

Depend on concrete application, comprise chemical reaction (wishing to obtain the mixing fully of fluid in the case), it may be favourable that multiple other fluid is introduced mixing chamber.This type of fluid replacement comprises for example chemical stabilizer, emulsifying agent, corrosion inhibiter, reaction promoter, polymeric chain terminator and analog.Even solid or liquid catalyst can be introduced mixing chamber to carry out desired response.Certainly, to be mixed and the reaction fluid can contain the added substance of sneaking into.No matter whether reaction takes place by place catalyst in mixing chamber in mixing chamber, the mixture that forms in the mixing chamber is discharged by the mixing chamber outlet that is communicated with mixing chamber (preferably its core) fluid.

Blender/reactor that at least two kinds of fluids mix is comprised that mixing chamber and at least two are used for the fluid flood chamber and are arranged in service on its periphery according to of the present invention being used for before reaction.Service feeds feasible inwardly concentric the flowing of particular fluid formation helical form of injecting with the flow velocity of regulation of mode of mixing chamber.This eddy current has formed the phenomenon significant prolongation residence time of fluid in mixing chamber improved mixed nature thus.The foundation of desirable helical form and inside flow path mainly is that fluid injects the angle of mixing chamber and the function of fluid dynamic energy.Radially or (for cylinder mixing chamber) will can not get the helical form flow path unless the fluid that injects along the direction of directly pointing to its center is subjected to having on the tangential direction effect of another fluid of enough kinetic energy.The present invention by with first and second fluids to be mixed with tangent line and radially both direction inject and to have obtained outstanding mixing.Thereby thereby the kinetic energy of preferred tangential direction fluid component is enough to have and it is adopted have the overall helical form type of flow that enough number of turns are effectively mixed with radial direction fluid component is crooked.One other fluid is injected with radial direction because a kind of fluid injects with tangential direction, obtains the desirable spiral helicine and inside type of flow thereby the ratio of the fluid dynamic energy of the fluid that the fluid that tangential direction flows and radial direction flow is preferably greater than 0.5.

Thereby after having set up suitable condition and having formed desirable helical flow mode, the real inner surface of the fluid contact mixing chamber that flows along the outmost turns of spiral only.The shape and size that depend on mixing chamber, this fluid have occupied the major part of the pressure decline that causes because of friction loss in the mixing chamber.In contrast be that the fluid that constitutes inner ring only contacts with the fluid of rotation on all sides.Form before this and fluid of each circle after this flows on same direction.Owing to these reasons, the pressure loss that blender/reactor of the present invention produced is than only using the multi-layer stacks structure and correspondingly using the issuable pressure loss of static mixer of long mixed path low.In the case, fluid flows with opposite direction as the layer that replaces.Therefore, bigger along the friction effect between the adjacent fluid materials flow of straight line or crooked path flow.The advantage that interrelates with the use that is used for fluid equipment of the present invention of mixing before reaction can by before reaction the diffusion of minor structure mix obtain low pressure loss and large contact surface amass and reside permanently stay the time aspect realization.Although can easily make wherein comprise catalyst, be the Compact Design of form with the micro-mixer, the present invention does not get rid of medium or large-scale operation.

With another advantage that the present invention interrelates is each circle fluid of fluid spiral or eddy current and contacting of a last circle or next circle fluid, and this diffusion to reactant mixes has made contribution.Preferably, the lamination shape flox condition in the mixing chamber is compared more than the annular fluid action and is preponderated.But the turbulent-flow conditions of compartmentalization also may be formed by total inside flowing of fluid spiral or eddy current.

In order to form inside spiral flow path, at least one service is led to mixing chamber with acute angle or tangential direction.In addition, fluid can be formed part with its body enters blender/reactor or enters blender/reactor as the fluid boundary layer extremely to a certain degree of premixed before entering one or more feed paths.Generally speaking, desirable at the fluid vortex that becomes the multilayer of arranging on the vertical direction with the eddy current plane in order to form, the fluid of tangential direction is kept the laminar flow state when entering mixing chamber.

Feed path in one plane can be arranged and opening around public mixing chamber.No matter the quantity of employed service is how much, need at least two services, service preferably distributes along the girth of mixing chamber symmetrically.Can use these services to supply with identical reaction-ure fluid, for example reactant A can be supplied with by service 1 and 3 respectively, and reactant B can be supplied with by service 2 and 4 respectively.In addition, each pipeline can be supplied with different fluids, and for example pipeline 1,2,3 and 4 can provide fluid A, B, C and D respectively.In addition, feed path can be arranged on a plurality of planes around the mixing chamber.Can will inject mixing chamber in the feed path of identical or different fluids on being arranged in any given plane.Thus, can be by at the different mixing chambers (mixing chamber that for example on horizontal plane, has circular cross section) that fluid injected general type with respect to the feed path on the axial height of mixing chamber.Use this type of design to obtain even longer fluid spiral, the corresponding longer residence time that obtains in mixing chamber.

The mixing chamber preferable shape is cylindrical shape substantially, and therefore preferably has the basic circular cross section that is.Cross section is circular but diameter of a circle increases on the short transverse of axle or reduces, thus make the shape of mixing chamber actual be taper rather than cylindrical shape also be fine.The mixing chamber cross section advantageously is fixed on the plane of basic horizontal (mixing chamber outlet is basically perpendicular to above-mentioned plane) or roughly on the vertical direction.Certainly, mixing chamber can have other shape of cross section, particularly circular (for example oval).If be round generally, even triangle or other polygonal shape also are acceptables at the angle that its drift angle forms.The shadow region (promptly not having the constant zone of flowing) that can have problems if the form of circle or curve has avoided angle or limit to exist.For preferred columnar mixing chamber, the height of service (entering the zone of mixing chamber at least at it) preferably is less than or equal to the height of mixing chamber.

In preferred design, many feed paths alternately feed mixing chamber with tangent line and radial direction.This specific implementation scheme of equipment is disperseed in the thing particularly useful in the gas/liquid that question response is provided.Herein, so that the feed path of liquid stream is the best with the angle feeding mixing chamber sharper keen than the feed path of gas streams.Consequently, gas streams is become the liquid of rotation to interrupt becomes independent bubble.Particularly preferably, the feed path of liquid feeds mixing chamber with tangential direction, and the feed path of gas feeds mixing chamber with radial direction.The gas/liquid that this design has promoted to have is little, steep Size Distribution is closely disperseed the formation of thing and has been supplied basic mixture uniformly in the reaction prerequisite thus.

Blender/reactor apparatus comprises the mixing chamber outlet of the fluid-mixing materials flow that is provided for downstream application.Mixing chamber outlet and the core of mixing chamber, preferably its central point fluid is communicated with and discharges fluid-mixing thus.For example, if mixing chamber is cylindraceous and therefore has circular cross section that mixing chamber outlet is communicated with mixing chamber core (preferred center point) fluid and fluid-mixing is taken out from here.In preferred implementation, mixing chamber have water intaking square to substantially vertically extend up or down thus for circular cross section and mixing chamber outlet substantially.Consider concrete fluid and character thereof, the cross-sectional area of the outlet of comparing with the area of the cross section of the feed path that feeds mixing chamber with mixing chamber will be set to the eddy current of the needed multilayer circle stream that inwardly flows is formed.Preferably, the mixing chamber outlet pipeline has the circular cross section situation of pipe (for example for), and the diameter ratio of mixing chamber and mixing chamber outlet is greater than 5.

Be not placed on mixing chamber or be not used as under the situation that fluid streams adds in the catalyst for reaction of the reactant that is used for mixing fully, need an independent reactor in the downstream of mixing chamber.In the case, reactor accommodates catalyst usually in the catalyst staying space.Catalyst also can be by continuous injecting reactor (for example as the continuous injecting reactor of solid quilt that is dispersed in the liquid reactants slip).

Separate if also wish the product that to leave reactor, also a separator can be set in the downstream of reactor.In the case, separator will have the inlet of product and be respectively applied for overhead product and at least two outlets of tower bottom product.The relative volatility and/or other character that depend on reaction-ure feeding, product and accessory substance also may need tower bottom product or overhead product are looped back mixing chamber.Can be with the service injection mixing chamber of recycle stream by tangent line or radial direction.In addition, also can be before recycle stream be injected mixing chamber with one of recycle stream and reactant streams with mode premixed described below.Another possibility is that separated fluid or its part are circulated to the mixing chamber outlet that is positioned at the direct upstream of catalyst bed.Certainly, separator can use the separation method in any amount of known technology, comprises flash separation, distillation, film separation, extraction, crystallization and similar approach.

In another implementation, one or more other fluids are by independent service or by this other fluid and the premixed service of a kind of fluid to be mixed are entered mixing chamber.This type of other fluid can comprise the added substance of stabilized with mixture (for example emulsifying agent).If use other feed path that this type of material is provided, they can be advantageously feed mixing chamber with tangential direction, and each all has the existence of this other fluid between adjacent each layer circle stream of fluid spiral thereby make.In addition, if use other feed path that gas composition is provided to comprising at least a fluid vortex that is in the fluid in the mixing chamber, these gas feed paths should with radial direction or with radially and and tangent line between intermediate angle feed mixing chamber.Consequently, institute's gas supplied is broken into minute bubbles by the fluid spiral and is disperseed subtly.

As mentioned above, when at least one service provides the tangential substantially fluid injection in mixing chamber and another service provides injection substantially radially at least, can obtain surprising good mixed nature.In the chamber, bring eddy current formation be tangential fluid motion, above-mentioned eddy current interrupts the fluid of Radial Flow or fine dispersion.No matter being shaped as of chamber is circular or oval, the fluid that the mobile finger of radial direction points to the mixing chamber center flows.The mobile finger direction of tangential direction and this radial direction flow into the right angle and generally on the mixing chamber surface or flowing near the mixing chamber surface.Substantially tangentially or radial direction mobile mean that outstanding mixed nature of the present invention can be by being not strictly along tangent line or radial direction but be in 30 ° in these directions and obtain with interior flowing yet.

In preferred implementation, blender/reactor apparatus comprises and only is not two but a plurality of alternately substantially along the service of tangent line and feeding mixing chamber substantially radially.Term " replaces " and refers to that tangential service (representing with T) and service radially (representing with R) are to occur at least one is in the plane at mixing chamber periphery place with the order of TRTR.Feed path also can alternately be arranged in more than on the plane, for example can arrange on the two dimensional surface of the periphery of mixing chamber and length with the form of chess chessboard.By on level and vertical two planes, changing its position (on this position, fluid being injected mixing chamber), can form the multi-spiral flow path that inwardly flows with one heart.Thus, can realize the spiral of for example dual or triple types.These fluid spirals are positioned on the plane together and round a center, its arrangement mode makes corresponding each layer circle stream adjacent mutually.

In addition, service is not only alternately arranged with tangent line and radial direction with respect to mixing chamber, and they are also preferably for alternately fluid connection of first and second fluids to be mixed.For the situation of gas streams being mixed (this mixing is for example to realize that chemical reaction is desirable) with liquid stream, when being injected mixing chamber with tangent line and radial direction respectively, gas and liquid stream obtaining excellent result aspect the mixing.Under the prerequisite that is not limited to any specific mechanisms or theory, the inventor believes that the liquid of tangential direction is broken into tiny bubble with the gas streams that radial direction flows when entering mixing chamber.As mentioned above, the kinetic energy of the fluid that injects of tangential direction is preferably at least 0.5 times of kinetic energy of the fluid that radial direction injects.This has guaranteed comprehensive formation of inside mobile spiral, obtains effectively to mix required enough residence times thereby provide.

Importantly, should note to make whole services to get these directions.Only it need get these directions near be communicated with and influence the part that fluid enters the direction of mixing chamber with the fluid of mixing chamber.For this reason, service is called has receiving terminal respectively and outlet side is suitable.Receiving terminal is communicated with fluid or feed fluid to be mixed, and outlet side is communicated with the mixing chamber fluid and play the flow direction of control fluid with respect to mixing chamber.In a possible design, feed path can have basic uniform cross-sectional area on its whole length from the receiving terminal to the outlet side.That yes is possible for the material alterations of the direction of service from receiving terminal to outlet side, and if near the space of many pipelines the mixing chamber be limited, even may be desirable.In addition, can be easily by making service from the acceleration that narrow realization enters the fluid of mixing chamber that becomes of its receiving terminal to outlet side, and this be often be improve mix desirable.The particular design that makes service become narrow in mode so comprises infundibulate, water droplet shape or leg-of-mutton design.

In another preferred implementation, can before being injected mixing chamber, first and second fluids mix (being premixed).In the case, equipment can also be included in and realize in the feed path that this type of mixes required element.Answer long enough under the prerequisite of not bringing excessive pressure to descend, to provide good premixed for being used to realize this type of premixed feed path, feed path.A specific method relates to the use that distributes manifold, makes the premixed materials flow for the treatment of in the feed path at first be divided into a plurality of shallow bid materials flows by distribution duct.Can be subsequently the shallow bid materials flow of these chargings or initial fluid be sent into the service inlet at a plurality of points (preferably to repeat or the mode of the sequence that crosses one another)." repetitive sequence " refers to for fluid A and B, and fluid streams is the arrangement of neighbour of pattern to repeat at least one plane.For example, the alternate succession of ABAB is exactly a kind of repetitive sequence.Certainly, other repetitive sequence (for example AABAAB) also is possible.In addition, also can adopt identical principle more than the premixed of two kinds of fluids.For example, for three kinds of fluid A, B, C are mixed in feed path, term " repetitive sequence " can comprise the order of many possible independent fluid boundary layers, for example ABCABC or ABACABAC.The distribution duct of fluid layer or formation fluid layer also can be arranged in more than on the plane with repetitive sequence.For example, they can the form with the chess chessboard be arranged on two dimensional surface.Preferably that fluid streams is parallel to each other with the pipeline that interrelates with different fluid and arrange with identical direction.

In the aforesaid premixed that two or more materials flows were mixed before the adding mixing chamber is manipulated, can will treat that premixed fluid is divided into a plurality of less distribution materials flows, these less distribution materials flows subsequently in sending into service before by with repetitive sequence alternately or stratification arrange.Since service generally have than each distribute that materials flow was admitted to the much smaller cross-sectional area of cross-sectional area sum, can be known as through premixed materials flow and to be " focused " before entering mixing chamber.This focusing has increased the flow velocity of cutting apart materials flow and has reduced its layer thickness, thereby has promoted to have in the mixing chamber formation of the inside helical flow of circle stream as much as possible.

Preferably, the cross-sectional area sum of distribution duct is 1.5 to 500 with the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the service that merges at its receiving terminal.When with two or more fluids in this way during premixed, be used to accept fluid streams and its manifold that is expelled to a pipeline (being service) preferably had curved surface at itself and service junction through arranging.In order to fall the mixed nature that provides best under the pressure when using premixed, for whole service, suppose that cross-sectional geometry is certain, length and the ratio of width preferred 1 to 30 in minimum.When the service cross section changed, for example when service became narrow at close mixing chamber place, the above-mentioned width that is compared to the service outlet side that is communicated with the mixing chamber fluid was suitable for.

As mentioned above, formed the fluid whirl of inwardly flowing with one heart, subsequently the mixture that forms has been discharged from the center of fluid vortex.In using premixed concrete preferred implementation, be suitable in blender/reactor apparatus of the present invention three kinds of fluids mixed before reaction, wherein in the upstream of second service with the second and the 3rd fluid premixed.In this implementation, equipment comprises many second distribution duct and many articles the 3rd distribution duct that respectively the second and the 3rd fluid separated.As mentioned above, thus the second and the 3rd fluid distribution pipe that can use manifold to accept to arrange with repetitive sequence is forcing each boundary layer that forms the second and the 3rd fluid streams near the second service place before injecting mixing chamber.First fluid can be sent into mixing chamber by first service without mixing.This specific implementation scheme when the second and the 3rd fluid be liquid and with tangential direction to inject mixing chamber, first fluid be gas and have advantage when injecting mixing chamber with radial direction especially.

Blender/the reactor that meets above generality particular type that describe, that obtain outstanding mixed nature comprise at least two basic for the plane, closure ground or the layer that links together with the form of fluid sealing.In this kind equipment, connect definition pipeline, mixing chamber and other direct fluid structure with the closure of setting up between the adjacent layer.For example, can form to suppress onboard or slave plate on thoroughly cut out and the form of the plate in the depression that forms or slit forms described layer.But when linking together with the arrangement mode of fluid sealing, thereby adjacent plate will fence up these depressions or slit and form the structure (for example passage) that can hold fluid streams under pressure.Depend on the thickness of plate and the height of chamber, some structure (for example mixing chamber) can connect definite fully by the closure between two or more plates.If mixing chamber only is in side of a plate or the surface compacting forms, rather than from side of a plate or the surface thoroughly cut out and form, then the mixing chamber outlet structure also can be included on the same block of plate, and extends to the relative face of the plate that is pressed into mixing chamber from mixing chamber.If mixing chamber thoroughly cuts out from a plate and forms, need to use another piece plate of closure connection at least with it to form mixing chamber outlet structure.Certain structures (for example feed pipe) can pass completely through two or polylith plate more.

No matter the number of the independent plate that uses in the given structure, according to its function, the blender/reactor apparatus in an implementation of the present invention comprises at least two different layers.Different basic for the layer on plane on the concrete function of performance comprise to feed components distribute, passage transmits and mix.In the object lesson with the plate forming device, each layer can comprise more than a plate, perhaps, and in some specially-shaped method, more than a kind of function or the also only form of plate existence of layer.

Ground floor is that internal structure basic that is used for external fluid materials flow to be mixed is offered blender/reactor apparatus is the cap rock on plane.Cap rock has outside and inner face and has determined first and second fluids acceptance is entered first and second feeding-passages of assembly.Thereby these first and second feeding-passages extend to inner surface from outer surface and form first and second inlet ports.The second layer is to have the basic of upper surface and lower surface to be the mixed layer on plane, and wherein the mixed layer upper surface is connected with the cap rock inner surfaces enclose.Fluid between the layer is tightly connected and has determined to have first feed path of the first feed path receiving terminal that is communicated with the first feeding-passage fluid and the first feed path outlet side opposite with the first feed path receiving terminal.Sealing between cap rock and the mixed layer connects second feed path of also having determined to have the second feed path receiving terminal that is communicated with the second feeding-passage fluid and the second feed path outlet side opposite with the second feed path receiving terminal.This connects has also determined the mixing chamber that is communicated with the first and second fluid feed path outlet side fluids, wherein one in the first or second fluid feed path outlet side enters mixing chamber with tangential direction substantially, and another person in the first or second fluid feed path outlet side enters mixing chamber with radial direction substantially.Connection between two-layer also defined be used for the mixture flow of first and second fluids discharge mixing chamber, the mixing chamber outlet passage that is communicated with the mixing chamber fluid.As mentioned above, can place catalyst in the mixing chamber to realize desirable chemical reaction.If do not hold catalyst in the mixing chamber, the feed components of then having mixed is reacted in independent structure.

In layer structure, by connect two or more the polylith plate form structure.Be on another plane and be depression (for example groove or blind hole) perpendicular to the typical structure that the material on this plane centers on.The structure that has defined passage (for example fluid feed path) can form with the form that extends to the groove that partially or completely passes plate on the degree of depth.Material is passed in slit (for example groove or hole), is promptly only centered on by the material on the plane in the side.Stack other layer by the mode with sealing, the open architecture that is formed by depression or slit has formed direct fluid structure (for example feed path, mixing chamber or feed arrangement).The cap rock of laminated assembly and/or bottom have been sealed in the mode of fluid-tight in the outside have been determined for feeding-passage (this feeding-passage can be slit or groove) that fluid to be mixed provides and/or has been at least one outlet that the mixture of formation provides.

When laminated assembly was made of the plate that stacks, they should be by the process fluid to be mixed and the material of the enough inertia of product that make are made.This will help avoid potentially owing to the burn into erosion, distortion, fracture or the expansion that are exposed to the fluid plate that causes under the treatment conditions or other illeffects.Preferably, the inert material of making equipment is selected from polymer (being the plastics of example with polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene for example), metal, alloy, glass, quartz, pottery and semi-conducting material.Depend on desirable character in the different phase of mixing and/or reacting, each plate can use identical or different material.Randomly, cover plate, channel plate, dispenser panel and blender plate are made with transparent material (particularly glass, quartz glass or photosensitive glass) at least, thereby allow easily married operation to be observed.For the use of blender/reactor in small-scale operations, plate preferably has 10 microns to 5 millimeters thickness.Certainly, thicker plate may be more suitable in forming mixing chamber.In addition, can use two or more the polylith plate form the passage of chamber or lengthening.Be suitable for the interconnected method of plate for example being comprised with the fluid seal form suppress, weld, seal, splicing or anode connect.Be applicable to that the method for making plate comprises known precision optical machinery and micromechanics production method (for example laser ablation, spark eroding, injection moulding, punching press and electro-deposition).Its standard industry methods which comprises at least the forming step that uses high-energy radiation and electro-deposition and (if suitable) casting also is suitable for.

Arranged in the specific implementation of the present invention that forms by the plate that stacks at blender/reactor apparatus, pipeline configuration generally forms in plate as passage.The open architecture of feed path and mixing chamber is to be defined by at least one block of plate as the blender plate.These open architectures are sealed the blender plate in the mode of fluid-tight by cover plate, and cover plate has determined to be used for accepting from the source that is positioned at blender/reactor upstream the feeding-passage of fluid to be mixed.Similarly, the defined open architecture of other each plate described below is closed when being connected with at least one adjacent plate formation closure.Cover plate can but must not be defined for the passage (being the mixing chamber outlet passage) that fluid-mixing is discharged.In addition, if also used other plate, feeding-passage and/or mixing chamber outlet passage can be determined by these plates (rather than cover plate).Because most convenient during being manufactured on it and having the constant thickness or the degree of depth of plate itself is also more favourable to have the same degree of depth with the feed path and/or the mixing chamber that are defined by these plates.

As what mentioned in the general description of equipment, feed path can have uniform cross-sectional area or become narrow leading on the direction of mixing chamber (promptly from its receiving terminal separately to its outlet side).No matter feed path becomes narrow or keeps substantially invariable cross-sectional area, the ratio of the mixing chamber width on the plane of the width of feed path (entering the point measurement of mixing chamber respectively at it) and the fluid spiral of formation in operation preferably advantageously is less than or equal to 1: 10.In other words, be cylindrical shape substantially or have and substantially be the mixing chamber of circular cross section that the ratio of mixing chamber diameter and each feed path outlet side width is greater than 10 for proterties.For the mixing chamber of cone shape, this ratio is applicable to the average diameter of mixing chamber.

According to the general description and the function of above equipment of illustrating, the blender plate also can define the open architecture of a plurality of feed paths, and each feed path alternately is communicated with the mixing chamber fluid with tangential direction/radial direction.Under this particular case, the use of other plate (for example channel plate and dispenser panel) can alternately be guided first and second fluids into feed path.The channel plate is connected and has defined the open architecture of a plurality of first and second distribution ports on a surface with the blender plate, each distributes port at one end to be communicated with the dispenser panel defined first or the second distribution structure fluid respectively.Dispenser panel connects with the surface of the channel plate that is not connected with the blender plate, and first and second distribution structures are communicated with the first and second feeding-passage fluids respectively.What be not communicated with fluid distribution structure fluid first and second distributes the end of ports then to be communicated with the feed path fluid of blender plate respectively separately, thereby the injection to mixing chamber of first and second fluids that replace on the space is provided.

In addition, channel plate and dispenser panel being used for other function also is fine certainly.For example, according to the equipment of above generality definition, two kinds of fluid streams can be closed in the upstream and the 3rd feed pre-mixer of feed path before injecting mixing chamber.In the case, be called as the second and the 3rd fluid if treat premixed fluid streams, the channel plate will define the open architecture of a plurality of the second and the 3rd distribution ports that are communicated with its corresponding fluid distribution structure fluid respectively.Distribute port can advantageously generate a row and be used to each slit of the second and the 3rd fluid to be supplied with, wherein a feed path is accurately distributed in each slit.Thus, for premixed described herein, each slit alternately is used for the second and the 3rd fluid is supplied to mixing chamber by common feed path.

In addition, the blender plate will further define and be used for accepting materials flows alternately, divided first and second fluids and it is mixed to the open architecture of the focus cell of a feed path.In many aspects, focus cell works to be similar to the manifold in the generality equipment of the present invention.First fluid can be injected mixing chamber by the feed path that separates, only be used for first fluid, also it can be mixed with one of other two kinds of fluids.Therefore, although implementation described above has been represented the blender/reactor apparatus that preferably reacts, in fact exist countless versions according to the invention, several or multiple materials flow mixed and the scheme (wherein fluid premixed or not premixed in feed path) of reaction.In addition, also plate can be arranged to carry out different types of operation with various order.For example, when married operation combines with the premixed of multiple feed path or feed steam, preferably use dispenser panel as mentioned above.This dispenser panel can be between cover plate and blender plate or below the blender plate.In addition, used suitable direct fluid structure after, the channel plate must be between blender plate and dispenser panel, and can be positioned at above or below these plates according to desirable.

Below by the blender/reactor apparatus and the method that realize chemical reaction element of the present invention is described.Depend on concrete application and process conditions, the present invention can adopt element described herein and parts any number combination and without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing concrete preferred implementation of the present invention is described.These implementations are to be used for further illustrating the present invention rather than the in addition any discomfort restriction of working as of of the present invention general generality scope that subsidiary claims are illustrated.The of the present invention similar parts of representing in two or more accompanying drawings are with identical figure notation, but also use symbol " ' " mark.

Accompanying drawing 1 has been described preferred, as to have connected the mixing chamber of tangential direction service 10 and radial direction service 12 on it vertical view.Tangential direction pipeline 10 will be set up suitable residence time and mix needed swirl shape or corkscrew motion is given fluid.Thereby the kinetic energy of the fluid that tangential direction is injected should be converted into the helical form flow path from the mixing chamber outlet (not shown) that direct sensing is positioned at mixing chamber 14 centers by enough big flow path with the latter with respect to the kinetic energy of the fluid that radial direction is injected.Preferably, in order to realize this motion, the kinetic energy of the fluid that tangential direction flows is at least 0.5 times of kinetic energy of the fluid that flows of radial direction.Therefore, when the implementation with accompanying drawing 1 is used for liquid/gas is mixed when reacting then, gas is radially injected mixing chamber and liquid is tangentially injected mixing chamber, and this is because the general remarkable kinetic energy greater than gas of the kinetic energy of flowing liquid.

The relative kinetic energy that depends on two kinds of fluids, the fluid of getting radial direction during beginning may also may not be bent to the fluid of getting tangential direction the same closely around flow path in.In other words, compare with fluid tangentially, the fluid of getting radial direction during beginning can have the number of turns of equal number or the less number of turns at it on the path of mixing chamber outlet.

As a rule, the pipeline of tangential direction will be used to carry first fluid, and the pipeline of radial direction will be used to carry second fluid.Therefore, first fluid will be dispensed to each tangential direction service 10 by many first fluid distribution duct (not shown)s.Similarly, second fluid will be dispensed to each radial direction service 12 by many second fluid distribution pipe (not shown)s.The design of the pipeline of tangential direction or radial direction is based on the direction of the pipeline outlet side 18 that feeds supply chamber.

Tangential direction service 10 and radial direction service 12 all are described to have closed end in vertical view.Thus, the fluid of sending into these services from the receiving terminal 16 of separately service respectively enters above or below shown cross section.Certainly, can provide fluid to service by the service that is on the same plane (and same block of plate).

Accompanying drawing 2 shown by two with the of the present invention implementation of mixing chamber 14

' service

26,28 in the same plane to service 10 ' the supply fluid of tangential direction.With the same in accompanying drawing 1, blender/reactor apparatus comprises the radial direction service 12 ' that also is communicated with mixing chamber 14 ' fluid.In this implementation, can use radial direction service 12 ' that first fluid A is sent into mixing chamber, can use tangential direction service 10 ' that the mixture flow of the second fluid B and the 3rd fluid C is sent into mixing chamber.The second fluid streams B and the 3rd fluid streams C are distributed into a plurality of less fluid streams by many second fluid distribution pipes 20 and the 3rd fluid distribution pipe 22 separately.These distribution duct are intersected in the import department of manifold 24 provides the premixed of the second fluid B and the 3rd fluid C with the upstream at the service 10 ' of its tangential direction separately.The inlet of manifold 24 is communicated with second distribution duct 20 and the 3rd distribution duct 22 fluids, and its outlet only is communicated with at its receiving terminal 16 ' fluid that is not communicated with mixing chamber 14 ' fluid with service 10 '.Mixing chamber outlet 19 extends to above or below the plane of mixing chamber 14 ' cross section so that the materials flow of fluid-mixing is extracted out.

According to accompanying drawing 2, the service 10 ' that is used for the fluid-mixing materials flow is supplied to mixing chamber 14 ' is narrower than the

pipeline

26,28 that is used to supply with second fluid B to be mixed and the 3rd fluid C.Accompanying drawing 2 has also been described the service 10 ' of the width tangential direction than the width sum of the

distribution duct

20,22 of the inlet that leads to manifold 24 littler.Certainly, fluid enters speed in the mixing chamber and service and is inversely proportional at the area to the point of mixing chamber injection.Use narrow passage or make service narrow down leading on the direction of mixing chamber 14 ' (as shown in) for the service 12 ' of radial direction accelerated fluid and enter the speed of mixing chamber 14 ' and generally speaking improved mixed nature.

Accompanying drawing 3 shown fluid that the pipeline 12 ' by radial direction enters by with similar premixed another implementation of mode of the fluid that enters by tangential direction pipeline 10 '.In the case, the distribution duct 32 of using many distribution duct 30 that are communicated with the 4th fluid D fluid and being communicated with the 5th fluid E fluid is divided into less materials flow separately with these fluids.The inlet that subsequently these materials flows is distributed second manifold 34 of the service 12 ' that into leads to radial direction in the mode of mutual cross arrangement.Again, as shown in accompanying drawing 2, as from comparing more narrow service 10 ', 12 ' with tangential and radial direction service 10 ', 12 ' feed pipe 26 ', 28 ', 36,38 separately as can be seen, before fluid enters mixing chamber 14 with its flow velocity increase.Again, mixing chamber outlet 19 ' extends to above or below the plane of mixing chamber 14 ' cross section so that the materials flow of fluid-mixing is extracted out.

Accompanying drawing 4 illustrate be used for fluid with mix with the corresponding to mode of the equipment of accompanying drawing 1 and react stack board device.Many tangential direction pipelines 10 ' and radial direction pipeline 12 ' all alternately with mixing chamber 14 ' and two kinds of independent fluid streams all fluid be communicated with, thereby make a kind of fluid only tangentially inject mixing chamber 14 ', and one other fluid is only radially injected mixing chamber 14 '.Accompanying drawing 4 illustrates a kind of blender/reactor of particular type of the plate that stacks that comprises fluid-tight, wherein for understandable purpose plate is separately shown.In these parts, cover plate or layer 40 have defined the open architecture of the feeding-

passage

42,44 that is used for accepting separately each fluid.In the case, the form of passage is the hole that extends through cover plate 40 and provide the fluid of each fluid to be communicated with the plate (being dispenser panel 46) of below.

Dispenser panel or layer 46 have only defined respectively the first fluid distribution structure 48 that is communicated with separately feeding-

passage

42,44 fluids and the open architecture of the second fluid distribution structure 50.These

fluid distribution structures

48,50 extend through dispenser panel 46 and provide first and second fluids to distribute port 52 and second to distribute the alternately fluid of port 54 to be communicated with at the tie point place with many first.Be connected the open architecture that channel plate or layer 56 have defined these

fluids distribution ports

52,54 with a face that is in dispenser panel 46 direct belows.According to this accompanying drawing, fluid distributes port the 52, the 54th, extends through the hole of channel plate 56.Thus, fluid distribute

port

52,54 each at one end with first fluid distribution structure 48 and the second fluid distribution structure 50 alternately fluid is communicated with, and each its opposite end also with tangential direction feed path 10 ' and radial direction feed path 12 ' alternately fluid be communicated with.Particularly, fluid distributes

port

52,54 to be communicated with at its receiving terminal 16 ' fluid separately with feed path 10 ', 12 ' separately.

With the same in the accompanying drawing 1, tangent line and radial direction feed path 10 ', 12 ' outlet side 18 ' are communicated with mixing chamber 14 ' fluid so that first and second fluids are added wherein.The structure of mixing chamber 14 ' and many feed paths 10 ', 12 ' (each bar all has receiving terminal 16 ' and outlet side 18 ') is by 58 definition of blender plate, and the surface is connected with the lower surface of channel plate 56 thereon.Feed path 10 ', 12 ' outlet side 18 ' alternately feed mixing chamber 14 ' with tangent line and radial direction.At last, thus mixing chamber outlet 19 ' is communicated with the central area fluid of mixing chamber 14 ' fluid and vertically extends out from blender plate 58 the fluid-mixing materials flow is discharged.In this implementation, mixing chamber outlet 19 ' is the hole that extends through another piece plate (being transfer blade 60), and this plate is connected with the bottom surface of blender plate 58 on its end face.Feeding-passage 42,44 and mixing chamber outlet 19 ' can be processed screw thread with allow in a total work flow with other pipeline and equipment between be connected.In addition, they also can be reequiped, so as with various accessory couplings or be connected, brazing connects or other method is attached thereto.

Accompanying drawing 4 illustrates the use of extending mixing chamber plate 58 and transfer blade 60 under the situation that passes completely through blender plate 58 at mixing chamber 14 ' and feed path 10 ', 12 '.Also can be by mixing chamber 58 and feed path 10 ', 12 ' structure impresss in the blender plate or the assembly of etching formation accompanying drawing 4, thus make mixing chamber outlet 19 ' extend through mixing chamber plate 58 to its another side.Therefore, be considered as each layer in a broad sense to have the laminated assembly that independent function is a feature if will stack board component, mixed layer as shown in Figure 4 comprises blender plate 58 and transfer blade 60.But by mixing chamber 14 ' and feed path 10 ', 12 ' are stamped in the blender plate 58, mixed layer certainly only comprises a plate.Similarly, can use one or more plate to form other layer, even a plate can play a part more than a layer.

As mentioned above, can use equipment of the present invention to realize chemical reaction therein by in mixing chamber 14 ', placing catalyst.In addition, can use independently reaction plate 62 and reaction between fluid and mixing chamber are separated fully.Above-mentioned reaction plate 62 has defined at an end of reaction plate 62 or mask to be had inlet and the open architecture of the reactor 64 of outlet is arranged at the other end or mask.Thus, reactor 64 extensions pass completely through reaction plate 62 as described.Reactor inlet is communicated with mixing chamber outlet 19 ' fluid.Thereby place reaction plate 62 belows to be provided for that product is guided out laminated assembly the gripper shoe 66 or guide to other the reactor effluent passage 68 of structure (for example separator) of assembly.Reactor effluent passage 68 is communicated with the reactor outlet fluid.

The reactor 64 that is connected to form by the closure of reaction plate 62 and transfer blade 60 can have catalyst is retained in wherein device, for example sieve and other porous medias.Generally speaking, by the bottom that above-mentioned medium is placed on reactor 64 catalyst is retained in the reactor 64.Above-mentioned medium is by the annular surface support of upper surface that form in reactor, support plate 66 when less reactant passing away 68 aligns with the exit opening of reactor 64.In addition, only also can use a closure to be placed on the effect of the firm and hard existing conversion zone of transfer blade 60 belows, and not use independent reaction plate 62 and support plate 66 to form conversion zone.In the case, reactor not exclusively extends through only plate, but with its be stamped in the plate to desirable, less than the degree of depth of plate thickness.The reactor outlet passage extends through the relative face of plate to plate from reactor bottom.As shown, transfer blade 60, reaction plate 62 and support plate 66 have, and the thickness separate, provide catalyst retaining space and further that response function and other are possible downstream function (for example flash separation) to separate with response function with mixing is provided.

Accompanying drawing 5 illustrates corresponding to another laminated plate static mixer/reactor apparatus of mode fluid is mixed with the equipment of accompanying drawing 2.Tangential direction feed path 10 ' and radial direction feed path 12 ' lead to mixing chamber 14 ', and are communicated with it by feed path 10 ', 12 ' outlet side 18 '.In accompanying drawing 5, first fluid feeding-passage 42 ' is communicated with the receiving terminal 16 ' fluid of the radially feed path 12 ' that narrows down on the direction of pointing to mixing chamber 14 '.Cover plate 40 ' has not only defined the open architecture of first feed path 42 ', but also has defined second feeding-passage 26 ' and the 3rd feeding-passage 28 ' that is used to accept the second and the 3rd fluid to be mixed.Cover plate has also defined vertical and from the plane upwardly extending reactor effluent passage 68 ' of the cross section that defined mixing chamber 64.Reactor effluent passage 68 ' is guided out laminated assembly with product or guides to other structure (for example separator) in the assembly.Reactor effluent passage 68 is communicated with the reactor outlet fluid.

In the implementation of accompanying drawing 5, an end or the mask of reactor and mixing chamber being used independently, are defined in reaction plate 62 ' have the reaction plate 62 ' of the open architecture of the reactor 64 ' that enters the mouth and have outlet at the other end to separate.Thus, 64 extensions of reactor shown in pass completely through reaction plate 62.In the case, reaction plate 62 ' is placed the below of cover plate 40 ', and the reactor inlet that is positioned at the bottom surface of reaction plate 62 ' is communicated with mixing chamber outlet 19 ' fluid, and extends upward from mixing chamber 14 '.Place reaction plate 62 belows so that the mixing chamber outlet 19 ' that is communicated with reactor inlet 64 fluids to be provided transfer blade 60 '.Thereby mixing chamber outlet 19 ' is communicated with the mixture flow of discharging fluid with mixing chamber core fluid.

Direct-connected at its lower surface with cover plate 40 ' is the blender plate 58 ' of open architecture that has defined the feed path 12 ' of the feed path 10 ' of mixing chamber 14 ', tangential direction and radial direction.Each above-mentioned feed path all has receiving terminal 16 ' and outlet side 18 ' in contrast.The orientation of the specific feed path outlet side 18 ' that is communicated with mixing chamber 14 ' fluid has determined that feed path is tangential direction or radial direction.Blender plate 58 ' has also defined the open architecture of the focus cell 24 ' with entrance and exit, and wherein the focus cell inlet is communicated with many second fluidic distribution passages 20 ' and many articles the 3rd fluidic distribution passages 22 ' fluids of cross arrangement.The focus cell outlet is communicated with the receiving terminal fluid of tangential direction feed path 10 '.

Direct-connected at its lower surface with blender plate 58 ' is to have defined many second to distribute port 54 ' and many articles the 3rd channel plates 56 that distribute port 55.One end of each second distribution port 54 ' is communicated with the second fluid distribution structure, 50 ' fluid.The opposite end of each second distribution port is communicated with the second distribution passage, the 20 ' fluid that leads to focus cell 24 '.Similarly, an end of each the 3rd distribution port 55 is communicated with the 3rd fluid distribution structure 51 fluids.The opposite end of each the 3rd distribution port 55 is communicated with the 3rd distribution passage 22 ' fluid that leads to focus cell 24 '.This design allows the second and the 3rd fluid being injected into the preceding premixed of mixing chamber 14 ', and the fluid velocity that mixes back the second and the 3rd fluid increases.

At last, blender/reactor comprises and having defined and the second and the 3rd fluid feed passage 26 ', the 28 ' base plate 61 ' of the second and the 3rd fluid distribution structure 50 ' that is communicated with of fluid, 51 open architecture respectively.Different with in the accompanying drawing 4, these feeding-passages 26 ', 28 ' extend through more than a plate, and in fact they have also penetrated blender plate 58 ' and channel plate 56 ' except that cover plate 40 '.The upper surface of base plate 61 ' is connected with the lower surface closure of channel plate 56 '.Although the implementation of accompanying drawing 5 comprises that many second are distributed passages 20 ' and the 3rd to distribute passage 22 ', the second to distribute port 54 ' and the 3rd distribution port 55 also can directly be connected with the inlet of focus cell 24 ' and do not need to distribute passage.

Provide the purpose of following examples to be to illustrate some aspect of the present invention and not limit it as wide region listed in claims.

Embodiment 1-5

Comprise the parts of the plate that stacks and use the static mixer of eddy flow mixing principle to flow as already described with the glass manufacturing whether to have formed helical form under the observation different condition.Water and air is injected mixing chamber with respect to the tangent line of mixing chamber and direction radially in the edge respectively.Use has mobile whether formation of helical form of the high-speed camera observation working fluid of digital figure processing capacity.This easily determines in the path of the bubble from observe current.Experimental result is summarised in the table 1.

Table 1

Embodiment number	Discharge (ml/hr)	Air mass flow (ml/hr)	Kinetic energy is than water/air	Spiralization is/denys
Embodiment number	Discharge (ml/hr)	Air mass flow (ml/hr)	Kinetic energy is than water/air	Spiralization is/denys	??1	?100	??7,800	?0.04	Not
??2	?600	??12,000	?0.66	Be	??1	?100	??7,800	?0.04	Not
??2	?600	??12,000	?0.66	Be	??3	?900	??12,000	?1.49	Be
??4	?600	??3,600	?7.41	Be	??3	?900	??12,000	?1.49	Be
??4	?600	??3,600	?7.41	Be	??5	?900	??3,600	?16.7	Be

From these results, can see, when the kinetic energy ratio of liquid/gas is 0.66 or has obtained desirable helical form when higher and flow.The following of kinetic energy ratio of estimating the fluid that tangent line/radial direction flows is limited to 0.5.Should be noted that if flow pattern becomes turbulent flow from laminar flow the much higher handling capacity of the fluid that tangential direction flows can stop the formation of eddy flow.But, in the case, still take place to mix fully.

Claims

1. be used for the equipment with first fluid materials flow and the mixing of second fluid streams, this equipment comprises:

First service, this pipeline have and are used to accept first service receiving terminal of first fluid materials flow and the first service outlet side opposite with the first service receiving terminal;

Second service, this pipeline have and are used to accept second service receiving terminal of second fluid streams and the second service outlet side opposite with the second service receiving terminal;

Mixing chamber, this mixing chamber is communicated with the first and second service fluids at the first and second service outlet sides, wherein, in the first or second service outlet side one feeds mixing chamber with tangential direction substantially, and another person in the first and second service outlet sides feeds mixing chamber with radial direction substantially; With

Be used to discharge the mixing chamber outlet of the mixture flow of first and second fluid streams, this mixing chamber outlet is communicated with mixing chamber core fluid.

2. according to the equipment that is made of laminated assembly of claim 1, this assembly comprises:

Basic for the plane, have outer surface and inner surface and define and be used for first and second fluids are accepted to the cap rock of first and second feeding-passages of assembly.First and second feeding-passages extend to inner surface to form first and second ingress ports from outer surface;

Basic is the mixed layer plane, that have upper surface and lower surface, wherein mixed layer upper surface closure is placed on the cap rock inner surface, thereby limits first feed path that first service is provided and second feed path of second service and the mixing chamber that is communicated with the first and second feed path outlet side fluids are provided; With

Thereby provide the mixing chamber outlet of mixing chamber outlet passage by substantially limiting and being communicated with the mixing chamber fluid for the layer on plane.

3. according to the equipment of claim 1 and 2, wherein cap rock and mixed layer comprise one or more plate that stacks arrangement with fluid sealing mode.

4. according to the equipment of claim 1 to 3, wherein plate has 10 microns to 5 millimeters thickness.

5. according to the equipment of claim 1 to 4, wherein mixing chamber also comprises the catalyst that is positioned over wherein.

6. according to the equipment of claim 1 to 4, this equipment also comprises the reactor that has entrance and exit and define the catalyst retaining space, and wherein reactor inlet is communicated with the mixing chamber outlet fluid.

7. according to the equipment of claim 1 to 6, wherein the shape of mixing chamber is cylindrical shape substantially, and mixing chamber diameter and mixing chamber outlet diameter ratio are greater than 5.

8. according to the equipment of claim 1 to 7, wherein mixing chamber has the basic circular cross section that is on the plane of basic horizontal, and mixing chamber outlet is basically perpendicular to the plane of above-mentioned basic horizontal.

9. according to the equipment of claim 2 to 8, wherein mixing chamber outlet extends substantially vertically outer surface to cap rock from the blender plate, thereby is formed for outlet port that the mixture flow of first and second fluids is discharged from assembly.

10. according to the equipment of claim 1 to 9, wherein also comprise:

Many the first fluid distribution duct that are used to distribute the first fluid materials flow;

Many second fluid distribution pipes that are used to distribute second fluid streams; With

Many receiving terminals be communicated with the first and second fluid distribution pipe fluids respectively and outlet side alternately substantially with tangential direction with feed first and second services of mixing chamber substantially with radial direction.

11. according to the equipment of claim 1 to 10, wherein at least one in first or second service narrows down and the length of first and second services is 1 to 30 with ratio at the width of outlet side in the direction from the service receiving terminal to the service outlet side.

12. the equipment according to claim 1 to 9 wherein also comprises:

Many second fluid distribution pipes that are used to distribute second fluid streams;

Many the 3rd fluid distribution pipes that are used to distribute the 3rd fluid streams; With the manifold with entrance and exit, the manifold inlet is communicated with the second and the 3rd distribution duct fluid of arranging with repetitive sequence and the manifold outlet is communicated with the second service receiving terminal fluid.

13. equipment according to claim 2 to 9, wherein mixing chamber is communicated with many feed path fluids, each feed path has receiving terminal and outlet side, and supply with outlet side alternately substantially with tangential direction with substantially with radial direction feeding mixing chamber, this laminated assembly comprises that also have upper surface and a lower surface basic is the Distribution Layer on plane, be connected on the cap rock inner surface to Distribution Layer upper surface closure and Distribution Layer lower surface closure be placed on the mixed layer upper surface, Distribution Layer is inserted between cap rock and the mixed layer, thereby limits:

A plurality of first distributes port, and each port at one end is communicated with and is communicated with the fluid feed path receiving terminal fluid that replaces at an opposite end respectively with first fluid distribution structure fluid; With

A plurality of second distributes port, each port at one end is communicated with the second fluid distribution structure fluid and is communicated with at the receiving terminal fluid of an opposite end with the fluid feed path that is not communicated with the first distribution port fluid that replaces respectively, wherein the first fluid distribution structure is communicated with the first feeding-passage fluid, the second fluid distribution structure is communicated with the second feeding-passage fluid, thereby and mixed layer upper surface closure be placed on the Distribution Layer lower surface and define feed path.

14. equipment according to claim 2 to 9, wherein cap rock has also defined and has been used for the 3rd fluid is accepted the 3rd feeding-passage into assembly, thereby the 3rd feeding-passage extends to the cap rock inner surface from the cap rock outer surface and forms the 3rd ingress port, laminated assembly also comprise have upper surface and lower surface, be the Distribution Layer on plane substantially, be placed on the cap rock inner surface to Distribution Layer upper surface closure and Distribution Layer lower surface closure be placed on the mixed layer upper surface, Distribution Layer is inserted between cap rock and the mixed layer, thereby limits:

A plurality of second distributes port, and each port has the second distribution port arrival end and second that is communicated with the second fluid distribution structure fluid and distributes the port port of export; With

The a plurality of the 3rd distributes port, each port has the 3rd distribution port arrival end and the 3rd that is communicated with the 3rd fluid distribution structure fluid and distributes the port port of export, wherein the second fluid distribution structure is communicated with the second feeding-passage fluid, the 3rd fluid distribution structure is communicated with the 3rd feeding-passage fluid, thereby and mixed layer upper surface closure be placed in and define focus cell on the Distribution Layer lower surface with entrance and exit, the focus cell inlet is communicated with the second and the 3rd distribution port port of export fluid of arranging with repetitive sequence, and the focus cell outlet is communicated with the second feed path receiving terminal fluid.

15. with the methods that at least two kinds of fluids mix, this method comprises:

The first fluid materials flow carried by first feeding-passage and with the first fluid materials flow being that the direction of radial direction is injected mixing chamber substantially;

Second fluid streams carried by second feeding-passage and with second fluid streams being thereby that the direction of tangential direction is injected mixing chamber and formed eddy current substantially; With

The materials flow of first and second fluids that will be through mixing is discharged from the core of eddy current.

16. according to the method for claim 15, thereby wherein the ratio of the kinetic energy of second fluid and the kinetic energy of first fluid produces fluid vortex at least 0.5 in mixing chamber.

17. according to the method for claim 15 to 16, wherein the shape of mixing chamber is cylindrical shape substantially.

18., wherein also comprise a plurality of fluid streams alternately injected mixing chamber with tangential direction and radial direction by many feeding-passages conveyings and with fluid streams according to the method for claim 15 to 17.

19., wherein also comprise first and second fluid streams quickened leading on the direction of mixing chamber by feeding-passage according to the method for claim 15 to 18.

20. the method according to claim 15 to 19 wherein also comprises:

Second feed path is distributed between a plurality of second distribution materials flows; The 3rd fluid streams is distributed between a plurality of the 3rd fluids distribution materials flows; With

Before entering mixing chamber, injection distribute materials flow to be arranged in second feeding-passage with repetitive sequence with the second and the 3rd.

21. according to the method for claim 15 to 20, wherein the first fluid materials flow is that the gas and second fluid streams are liquid.

22., comprise also that wherein the mixture with fluid reacts in reative cell according to the method for claim 15 to 21.