CN1521655A - Computer-aided teaching system and method for stimulated aviation training - Google Patents
Computer-aided teaching system and method for stimulated aviation training Download PDFInfo
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- CN1521655A CN1521655A CNA031136923A CN03113692A CN1521655A CN 1521655 A CN1521655 A CN 1521655A CN A031136923 A CNA031136923 A CN A031136923A CN 03113692 A CN03113692 A CN 03113692A CN 1521655 A CN1521655 A CN 1521655A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an computer-aided instruction system and method for aviation analog airplane exercise, wherein the system comprises, (1) at least a data processing server for receiving and storing the flight data and trainee exercise quality estimation results collected by the analog airplane flight data acquisition device, (2) an analog airplane data sending terminal program module embed in the master control program of the analog airplane, (3) at least a user terminal for displaying user interface and entry instruction connected to the data processing server, (4) an estimation workstation connected to the data processing server. The invention can realize the objective estimation for exercise quality of analog airplane flight.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of computer aided instruction system and method thereof of aviation analog machine training, particularly relate to and a kind ofly can will can realize in the analog machine training that the data of quantitative management handle, transfer to by original complete subjective evaluation and to adopt technological means to realize, even can carry out the computer aided instruction system and the method thereof of the aviation analog machine training that the emulation playback comments on the training process in the analog machine to the omnidistance objective evaluation of analog machine flight training quality.
Background technology
Air transportation is the system of a high complexity, relate to personnel, aircraft and running environment three big key elements, according to various statistics, in the dangerous incident of flight (containing accident and accident proneness) that takes place, accounted for 70% because of what the unit reason caused, therefore, civil aviaton circle is consistent both at home and abroad generally acknowledges: the aircrew is as the manipulation and the supvr of aircraft flight, be in the core status of control system, the height of its quality closes important meaning to guaranteeing that flight safety has to cause, and reducing the unit mistake is that the minimizing accident takes place, improve the pre-defence line of the primary key of aviation safety level.In order to solve the problem of human factor, the airline of various countries or scientific research institution of civil aviaton are all carrying out positive research to human factor, except in practical flight running, to how before the aircrew enters actual operation and afterwards, to continue to operation system and personnel effectively management and the monitoring, stablize, high-quality initial training, repacking training and refreshment be an important source of guarantee aviation safety.
Flight simulator is the training tool that can provide near Live Flying, also be that the aircrew accepts the important training place to aircraft handling and management, so improve the analog machine training quality to cultivating high-quality flight troop, ensure that aviation flight safety has very important meaning.Existing Simulator Hardware equipment mainly comprises kinematic system, visual system, manipulation load, airborne equipment, Instructor Operating System, instrument and interfacing equipment, main control computer, wherein, visual system comprises what comes into a driver's viewing hardware generation system and what comes into a driver's computing machine and software thereof; Airborne equipment then has two types: (1) whole or most of Displaying Meters and corresponding supervisory computer are true aircraft components, the analog machine emulation of this configuration is very strong, still exists the problem that some flying qualities that transmit between aircraft components and instrument display parameter can't directly obtain from the analog machine main control computer; (2) whole sensing equipment and aircraft obtain real world data interface by software simulation, can obtain all data by the main control computer of analog machine; Interfacing equipment---rack, be special the setting for the connection of analog machine main control computer and the various instrument supervisory computer relevant with flight, because the various instrument on the analog machine all adopt the instrument on the aircraft, can not directly be connected with main control computer; Main control computer then is the control center of analog machine, the overwhelming majority control of analog machine all concentrates on here, the core calculations of aircraft flight model is to carry out on main control computer, the pilot concentrates through the interface rack in inputs such as the action of driving cabin such as switch electric switch, primary control surface, throttles and is sent in the main control computer, main frame is sent to (referring to Fig. 1) in the driving cabin to information such as the attitude of aircraft, position, instrument demonstrations through the interface rack again through after calculating.
Analog machine itself is furnished with flight simulation software, is the tool software that is used for moving, safeguarding analog simulation.It comprises operating system software and simulation softward and the back-up environment platform (CAELIB) thereof write by manufacturing company.Wherein the back-up environment platform mainly is compiling link library and some tool software.Operating system software mainly is divided into main control software, what comes into a driver's software, instructor station's software.Main control software moves on main control computer, it is the core of simulator system, it is made up of a lot of program modules, comprise the program module of each system of simulated aircraft, the traffic control program between the module etc., these program modules are through after compiling, be connected with the function library file of analog machine, generate the executable file of two analog machine operations of sp0c0.exe and ap0c0.exe host process.Sp0c0.exe is synchronized process (Synchronous), and with stable time interval operation, ap0c0.exe is asynchronous process (Asynchronous), does not have the stable time interval during operation, generally is used for the input/output interface module.Instructor station's software is the operation interface that the required analog machine of flight training is provided to the pilotinstructorpiston.What comes into a driver's software is the software that generates the analog machine what comes into a driver's.
The purpose of analog machine training: one, initial training, allowing does not have the student of airmanship, according to the requirement of analog machine drill outline, is familiar with and grasps the related airmanship of various flight subjects.Two, repacking training and refreshment allow the pilot that graduated according to the requirement of analog machine drill outline, further improve airmanship, progressively are promoted as copilot or captain.And differentiate whether a student has finished the requirement of drill outline, grasped the airmanship that drives an airplane, then need the student after finishing various training subjects, by the teacher according to relevant appraisal standards, by investigating the performance of student in the flight examination, each project that is flown is given a mark, and whether last comprehensive these marks pass through the flight examination with the decision student.Though the hardware device of analog machine is carrying out technology innovation always, but the teaching means that it adopted does not but have obvious variation, especially the teacher student is flown comment on and test on, be all the time adopt fly the oral explanation in back, the modes such as explanation and manual marking of drawing.Because flight control is the process of a complexity, in driving cabin, there are hundreds of instrument that several thousand parameters are provided, for certain flight constantly, investigate a plurality of flight projects possibly according to the requirement of examination outline, wherein might relate to a plurality of instrument and numerous parameters, even the teacher has abundant driving experience, also differ and follow the tracks of too many flight parameter surely simultaneously, the therefore this oral mode of commenting on, giving a mark by hand will inevitably be brought following defective:
(1) because test is that therefore subjective evaluation is excessive in to subject's test and appraisal according to inspectoral manual scoring fully, occur because of overlooker's difference, and the situation than big-difference also appears in scoring thereupon, causes the flight permission criteria disunity;
(2) because shortage to the sight playback of teaching process and simulated flight process, is commented on the influence that the subjective idea of drillmaster was omitted and was subjected in easy appearance, cause specific aim and objectivity not strong, the student may not fully understand the technology status of oneself;
(3) lack teaching (inspection), (inspection) both sides' visual observation, bring suitable difficulty to execution standardization teaching and test and appraisal, in addition, after entering airline after flying cadet's graduation, in it grows into qualified copilot or captain's the very long time, to accept a plurality of teachers' training and different inspectoral inspections, the subjective factor adverse effect is very outstanding.
External had some airlines and analog machine manufacturing company to recognize the problem that exists in the analog machine teaching, developed some technology:
1. ALASKA AIRLINES INC. has adopted a kind of computer-aided assessment system on the McDonnell Douglas series analog machine of its company, this system can assess and gives a mark those airmanship indexs that can quantize that unit in the analog machine training process is handled, and exports each flight section purpose target time list.
2. the aviation analog machine is made company---and a record playback system has been installed additional in Canadian CAE Inc. on the analog machine of producing in the recent period.This system can write down 30 minutes analog machine flight course, and can reproduce on analog machine.Its weak point is that (1) is because the recording time weak point can't carry out record to whole flight course; (2) take the analog machine training time, must playback on analog machine, the cost height can't participate in control, is inconvenient to impart knowledge to students; (3) playback of passenger cabin video recording and cabin sound and analog machine reproduction are separate, can't play at one time.
3. the CADS system (Computer Aided DebriefingSystem) that produces of Britain's flying quality company (FDC company) is the analog machine auxiliary training system that operates on the small-sized workstation of SGI company, can carry out emulation by the analog machine related data that the user provides, the whole training process of playback, it can also record the video recording in the driving cabin simultaneously, with the emulation synchronous playing.Its weak point is that (1) self does not have the analog machine data unload function, must provide the analog machine service data by system's applying unit, and the discernible form of data-switching CADS system; (2) do not have the quantitative evaluation part of flight control, carry out the quantitative evaluation of flight control if desired, the flight control character surveillance software (FOQA) that can only use the said firm to develop at practical flight.Because in the practical flight process is to handle according to normal flight, but many subjects of analog machine training then are at the training of the flight performance under the abnomal condition, and therefore common FOQA software can't be applied in the analog machine training assessment; (3) its analogue system is positioned a general-purpose system, all using an interface and same set of instrument to handle to institute's organic type shows, specific aim is relatively poor, adopts a fixing 3D airport model simultaneously, influence unit in simulation process to aircraft landing place right judgement whether; (4) data and audio frequency and video sampling rate are low, cause simulated effect undesirable, and serious jump sense is arranged during the audio frequency and video playback, and image quality is poor; (5) hardware capabilities is lower, and power system capacity is less, and a general configuration is merely able to carry out 4 hours emulation, and when a unit carries out simulation run, just can not obtain flying quality and audio frequency and video at the unit of analog machine flight; (6) automaticity is general, needs the special messenger to safeguard, and is subjected to the restriction in place.
4.SimAuthor company can provide the system that is referred to as FlightViz, the CADS of it and FDC company is similar, be that a cover may operate in the flight figure analogue system on the PC, be mainly used in and cooperate FOQA software, SimAuthor company on FlightViz, to increase the playing back videos function so that this software can be used for the graphical simulation of analog machine training.
Though above-mentioned prior art has all been used computer technology, but all be independently single system, it or not the function of having only flight graphical simulation/reproduction, the function of having only assessment and marking exactly, the solution of complete analog machine training aided education of one cover and assessment analog machine flight control quality is not provided, and do not carry out good the combination with analog machine software and hardware system and analog machine teaching process, can not provide really system tool effectively easily for the analog machine training units.
Summary of the invention
First purpose of the present invention a kind ofly can will can realize in the analog machine training that the data of quantitative management handle with regard to providing, and is transferred to by original complete subjective evaluation and adopts technological means to realize computer aided instruction system and method thereof to the aviation analog machine training of the omnidistance objective evaluation of analog machine flight training quality.
Second purpose of the present invention is that a kind of normal operation that neither influences analog machine further is provided, can carry out the emulation playback to the training process in the analog machine again, the computer aided instruction system and the method thereof of the aviation analog machine training of technical support is provided for instruction analysis and real event analysis.
First purpose of the present invention can realize by following technical measures: the computer aided instruction system of aviation analog machine training comprises
1. at least one data processing server,
It is a data receiving end of internal memory program at least, is used to receive the analog machine flying quality that collects, and generates a control documents, is used to store each user's information; At least one database is used to store the flying quality that collects and the assessment result of Student Training's quality.
2. analog machine data sending terminal program module
It is one and is embedded in the program that is used to catch the analog machine flying quality in the analog machine primary control program, when analog machine moves flying quality is caught and is noted and issue data processing server.
3. at least one user terminal
It comprises at least one display screen that is used for the explicit user interface and is used for the input media of input instruction, is used for the running of input instruction control native system, shows various relevant informations; The user terminal internal memory contains the terminal control module, this module partly is made up of the interface of application program and service transmission and Control Component, wherein the interface of application program is to be used for man-machine interface mutual between user and the native system, service transmission and Control Component part are used for that then the user is operated on the interface action is carried out logical operation and is sent user instruction to data processing server, control database, make them be in servo condition.User terminal links to each other with data processing server, and server component is installed on the data processing server.
4. evaluation work station
It comprises a main frame, internal memory analog machine flight training assessment software module and analog machine flight assessment
Standard database, be connected with data processing server, be used for to gather and to be stored in automatically the analog machine flying quality of database of data processing server and the relevant parameters in the analog machine flight evaluation criteria database and carry out corresponding computing, draw assessment result, be stored in again in the database of data processing server.
Described analog machine flying quality comprises that the attitude, position, instrument of aircraft show, the pilot is in the flight parameter and the controlled variable such as control action of driving cabin.
The running of described control native system comprises and starts or stops native system or start or stop the analog machine data acquisition, perhaps accesses student's analog machine training examination achievement and data analysis and statistics.
Described various relevant information comprises user's information, analog machine flying quality, set course project, student's training examination achievement and data analysis and statistics etc.
Described user's information comprises the beginning/stand-by time of user name, password, data recording, this user's data filename etc.
Described input media can be keyboard, mouse or have keyboard and the control desk of mouse function etc.
First purpose of the present invention can also be further perfect:
Described data processing server adopts UDP/IP procotol and the network service of analog machine main control computer to the acquisition scheme of analog machine flying quality, is connected in the udp port of analog machine main control computer.Help obtaining the high-efficiency reliable data acquisition like this, because udp protocol does not need the take over party to transmitting the affirmation of message, so transfer efficiency height, be applicable to a spot of information of transmission, its reliability is guaranteed by hardware and application program, and the network connection also helps avoiding the operation to analog machine to cause the influence that can not estimate.
Described user terminal can have two, or more than two, but one of them and analog machine instructor station are integrated, make the analog machine instructor station except operation interface function with the required analog machine of flight training, also increased and sent the native system operation interface function of gathering the analog machine data command and setting up user profile, remaining user terminal then can be positioned over and comment on the chamber, is used to show student's training examination achievement and data analysis and statistics.
Can also dispose other output units, be connected in data processing server, as printer prints student's training examination achievement and data analysis and statistics etc.
Because analog machine flying quality acquisition process is moved on different hardware respectively with assessment, therefore adopt LAN (Local Area Network) that their connection are a whole set of system, can make each computer hardware platforms among the present invention be positioned over suitable place, for example the computing machine of image data is owing to be subjected to the restriction of audio-video signal line length, can not be away from the analog machine driving cabin, therefore place it in analog machine main control computer machine room (safeguarding duty room), the flight quality assessment then can be placed on computing machine comments on the chamber, like this can be so that unit and analog machine maintainer are independent of each other, the crew also can not change original training mode, comment on the analog machine training and do not disturb mutually, can carry out simultaneously, promptly one group of crew carries out the analog machine training, and another group crew can comment on the situation of training or examination simultaneously in the chamber of commenting on.Some control computer of analog machine also are to connect by network, connect by gateway between two networks, guarantee that simulator system and native system safe operation are enclosed in two network segments.
The computer-aided instruction method of aviation analog machine training:
(1) sends the instruction that the user gathers the analog machine flying quality by user terminal;
(2) catch the instruction of user's image data by the data receiver program, begin to receive by being embedded in student's flying quality that analog machine data sending terminal program is noted in the analog machine primary control program;
(3) the data receiver program is stored into the analog machine flying quality that receives in the database;
(4) the analog machine flight training assessment software module by internal memory in the evaluation work station compares computing with the relevant parameter in analog machine flying quality in above-mentioned (3) and the analog machine flight evaluation criteria database automatically, draws assessment result;
(5) assessment result is stored in the database of data processing server, in order to query calls;
(6) by user terminal inquiry and show the assessment result of above-mentioned student's flight training quality.
Described analog machine flight evaluation criteria is provided with by flight course project pattern.The flight course project is according to relevant analog machine drill outline and paper formulation, it has divided mission phase in advance, subject clearly flies, formulate the Conditions of corresponding scoring item, the teacher is as long as start course project like this, training or examination process will be moved automatically, also can evaluated system obtain simultaneously about mission phase and section's purpose information, when the pilot is carried out overall score, added three layers of weights, be respectively: the project weights of ground floor, the subject weights of the second layer, the 3rd layer stage weights, last examination total points computing formula is:
Total points=∑ Phase I * Phase I weights I=1,2 ..., L
Stage branch=∑ subject J * subject J weights J=1,2 ..., M
Subject branch=∑ project K * project K weights K=1,2 ..., the use of three layers of weights of N makes total performance assess more science, more reasonable, more accurate.
Second purpose of the present invention can realize on the basis of the technology implementation scheme of first purpose of the present invention that the computer aided instruction system of i.e. aviation analog machine training comprises
1. at least one data processing server,
It comprises at least one data receiver program, be used to gather the flying quality of analog machine, the attitude, position, instrument that comprises aircraft shows, the pilot is in the flight parameter and the controlled variable such as control action of driving cabin, opens and the synchronous operation of control figure audio-video document; At least one capture card is used to accept the order of Data Receiving program, is the discernible digitizing audio-video document of computing machine with sound, the video two-way analog signal conversion of driving cabin; At least one database is used to store assessment result and other related datas of the flying quality that collects and digitizing audio-video document and Student Training's quality.
2. analog machine data sending terminal program module
It is one and is embedded in the program that is used to catch the analog machine flying quality in the analog machine primary control program, when analog machine moves flying quality is caught and is noted and issue data processing server.
3. at least one Voice ﹠ Video receiving trap
Be used to gather the video and the audio-frequency information of the training in the analog machine driving cabin.
4. at least two user terminals
Have at least a user terminal to comprise an input media that is used for the display screen at explicit user interface and is used for input instruction, be used for the running of input instruction control native system, show various relevant informations; Have another user terminal internal memory video reproduction program at least, be used to play the video record in the simulation cabin; Each user terminal all links to each other with data processing server.
5. evaluation work station
It comprises a main frame, internal memory analog machine flight training assessment software module and analog machine flight evaluation criteria database, be connected with data processing server, be used for to gather and to be stored in automatically the analog machine flying quality of database of data processing server and the relevant parameters in the analog machine flight evaluation criteria database and compare computing, draw assessment result, be stored in again in the database of data processing server.
6. simulation work station
It comprises the graphics workstation that at least one is connected with data processing server, and internal memory graphical simulation playback program is used to move and demonstrate the simulation figure of analog machine flight course.
The system of second purpose of the present invention can also be further perfect:
Described digitizing audio-video document preferably adopts MPEG (Moving Pictures Expert Group) form, because the audio frequency and video that the emulation playback system is play, be by shooting of the camera in the analog machine driving cabin and microphone pickup, pass through the capture card collection on the data processing server again, form the digitizing audio-video document, can play on computers.And MPEG (Moving Pictures Expert Group) form was exactly designed for Internet video originally, can original image information be compressed, and ratio of compression can reach very high.Accept the order of Data Receiving program, the MPEG compressing card is operated,, and be compressed into the mpeg file form the sound of driving cabin, video signal digitization.
Described Voice ﹠ Video receiving trap can utilize the original cockpit voice recording device of some analog machines to make apparatus for receiving audio, and in driving cabin, add at least one video receiving apparatus, as camera head, also can camera head be set, so that write down the situation of crew training comprehensively in different orientation.
One of them can be integrated described user terminal with the analog machine instructor station, the analog machine instructor station is increased send the native system operation interface function of gathering the analog machine data command and setting up user profile; Video reproduction program can with a flight assessment software shared hardware platform, the two shared user terminal makes the demonstration of total system partly seem compacter, helps user's operation.Therefore another or more a plurality of user terminal then can be positioned over and comment on the chamber, be used to show the student training examination achievement, data analysis is with statistics and play the simulation cabin and record a video.
Described simulation work station is selected the graphics workstation of U.S. SGI (Silicon Graphics Inc) company for use.Because the SGI graphics workstation has obtained using widely in the exploitation of flight Simulation System, some gordian technique has become the standard of industry.
The present invention can also increase an emulator control program in simulation work station, this program provides control interface and control for simulation process on the one hand, for the video reproduction program that operates on the user terminal provides the emulation synchronizing signal, synchronous on the other hand to guarantee that emulation and audio frequency and video are play.Simulated program (is traditionally arranged to be certain value in 1 second) and sends the progress of current simulation process at set intervals by emulator control program, promptly begin to count and how long carried out from emulation, video reproduction program goes out the play position of current video according to this Time Calculation, because emulated data and video all are to begin at one time to record, the starting point unanimity, so the content of two program broadcasts also is synchronous, even emulation is through velocity variations, but when sending synchronous control signal, all with current up-to-date simulation time position informing video reproduction program, and adjust the position of video playback voluntarily according to this time by video reproduction program.
Described graphical simulation playback program has three key elements: (1) three-dimensional simulation model, comprise model aircraft, airport model, instrument model etc., and these models are set up according to real dimensional data, constitute simulating scenes, are emulation vivid bases true to nature; (2) analog machine flying quality is the basis of emulation authenticity, has only correct analog machine flying quality, can reproduce for teacher and unit provide real emulation; (3) Simulation drive program, the analog machine flying quality according to downloading drives various realistic models, finishes simulation process.
Other output units of configuration on network, as projector with video playback as a result enlarging projection watch, perhaps carve disc player, make VCD or VCR use for reference by MPEG capture card compression.
Method in second purpose of the present invention realizes on the basis of the computer-aided instruction method of first purpose aviation analog machine training of the present invention:
(1) sends the instruction that the user gathers the analog machine flying quality by user terminal;
(2) catch the instruction of user's image data by the data receiver program, begin to receive by being embedded in student's flying quality that analog machine data sending terminal program is noted in the analog machine primary control program, and the simulating signal by shooting of the camera in the analog machine driving cabin and microphone pickup;
(3) the data receiver program is stored into the analog machine flying quality that receives in the database;
(4) the analog machine flight training assessment software module by internal memory in the evaluation work station compares computing with the relevant parameter in analog machine flying quality in above-mentioned (3) and the analog machine flight evaluation criteria database automatically, draws assessment result;
(5) assessment result is stored in the database of data processing server, in order to query calls;
(6) thus access and show the assessment result of above-mentioned student's flight training quality and the data of other training by user terminal input user profile so that the drillmaster comments on student's training or examination situation;
(7) thus enter analogue system by user terminal and simulation work station input user profile, download the flying quality of emulation;
(8) when receiving emulator command, carry out the emulation running by the graphical simulation playback program, demonstrate certain student's analog machine flight simulation figure by the screen of simulation work station, the audio frequency and video playing program is play video recording of analog machine driving cabin and cabin sound simultaneously.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) technical scheme of enforcement first purpose of the present invention, the computer-aided instruction scheme of objective evaluation flight training quality can be provided for the training of analog machine, for the standardization of flight training, standardization provide a whole set of analytical approach and means, avoided manual scoring subjective evaluation excessive and scoring occurs and occur than big-difference, cause the skimble-scamble situation of flight permission criteria.
(2) technical scheme of enforcement second purpose of the present invention, increasing training process emulation on the basis of objective evaluation reproduces, make teacher and student after finishing the analog machine flight training, the flight course and the details of watching in all directions in the chamber on analog machine can commented on, so that operating mistake and unit matching problem that the teacher occurs according to the student, in conjunction with emulation and video recording picture, carry out explaining repeatedly and at length, do not have the mode of commenting on general of concrete reference before having improved, make the student stay more deep study impression.Simultaneously, reproduce by real emulation, difference understanding and understanding to flight course that unified teaching two aspects may exist solve unnecessary dispute.
(3) the present invention can provide a cover complete analog machine training assisted teaching system and method, comprise objective evaluation and emulation reproduction, make flight training unit and student oneself can really recognize concrete flight training and examination situation, find out the problem that the flight operation aspect exists, improved method is discussed, thereby improve the teaching level and the quality of flight training greatly, reach final goal the reach of safety critical point, assurance flight safety.
(4) by the present invention, aircrew's technical ability situation not only can be understood by airline, find the undertrained part, but also can monitor aircraft performance and engine behavior, thereby, running quality is carried out overall monitor for the aviation safety management and the technical management of company provides more convenient, instant, objective foundation.
(5) the present invention adopts designs such as data acquisition plan, each subsystem hardware of software embedding analog machine primary control program independently operate, grid connectivity scenario, make application of the present invention need not change the method and the pattern of original analog machine training, also can not cause harmful effect the original software and hardware of analog machine.
(6) because each subsystem moves respectively, their connection are a whole set of system on different hardware by network (LAN (Local Area Network)).Simultaneously, some control computer of analog machine also are to connect by Ethernet, connect by gateway between two networks, and total system is enclosed in two network segments, help the safety of simulator system and the present invention operation.
(7) connection of network, make each computer hardware platforms among the present invention can be positioned over suitable place, for example the computing machine of image data is owing to be subjected to the restriction of audio-video signal line length, can not be away from the analog machine driving cabin, therefore can place it in analog machine main control computer machine room (safeguarding duty room), flight assessment and the used again computing machine of emulation then can be placed on comments on the chamber, like this can be so that between unit and the analog machine maintainer, perhaps two groups of crews training and comment between be independent of each other, the crew also can not change original training and comment on pattern, one group of crew trains or examines when commenting on, and another group the crew can train in the analog machine driving cabin.
(8) data of the present invention and audio frequency and video adopt the acquisition scheme of UDP/IP procotol and the network service of analog machine main control computer, make the collection of data efficient and reliable.When teacher and unit come out to come into when commenting on the chamber from the analog machine driving cabin again, access the assessment result of training just now and data analysis, statistics in just can end user's terminal, need not wait for a long time, perhaps through changing loaded down with trivial details operation such as file mode.
(9) the present invention can realize training graphical simulation to reproduce and the audio-visual synchronization broadcast, emulation is reproduced reach perfect effect.Because simulated program is merely able to reproduce aircraft position, flight attitude, instrument numerical value, various operating rod states etc., but can't show the cooperation of unit, information such as propaganda directed to communicate.When using the emulation reproduction to carry out crash analysis, if there is the cabin sound to cooperate, then not only find out the immediate cause of accident easily, but also help probing into profound reason.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment shown in the drawings the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the network connection layout of existing aviation analog machine;
Fig. 2 is the network connection layout of one of embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the system data flow process figure of one of embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is system's pie graph of one of embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the programmed logic figure of one of embodiment of the invention.
Computer aided instruction system and the method thereof of the aviation analog machine training shown in Fig. 2～5 are embodiments of the invention One of, it is applied on the analog machine of Canadian CAE Inc. production. Original simulator system is by analog machine, simulation The formations such as machine main control computer, what comes into a driver's computer, supervisory control comuter, analog machine rack are by 10M Ethernet coaxial electrical The cable series connection is the analog machine LAN. Tutoring system of the present invention comprises a data processing server, is embedded in the CAE mould Analog machine data sending terminal program module, Voice ﹠ Video receiving system, user terminal, assessment worker in the plan machine primary control program Making station, simulation work station, printer or projecting apparatus etc., is Dell (DELL) server by data processing server Connect with the analog machine LAN, adopt UDP/IP procotol and the network service of analog machine main control computer, be connected in mould The udp port of plan machine main control computer; Data processing server again by a hub respectively with the evaluation work station, Simulation work station, printer or miscellaneous equipment connect (referring to Fig. 2), and user terminal has 5, user terminal with The analog machine instructor station who is positioned at the analog machine cabin is integrated, and terminal software is embedded among the analog machine instructor station, makes simulation The machine instructor station increases the native system operation interface function that sends collection analog machine data command and set up user profile; Two usefulness The family terminal is PC as the assessment display, connects with the evaluation work station by assessment multi-channel separate screen device; Two users eventually End connects with simulation work station by emulation multi-channel separate screen device as emulation display (SGI); An above-mentioned assessment is aobvious Show device and emulation display be positioned over comment on indoor, be used for to show the student training examination achievement, data analysis and statistics and Play the video recording of simulation cabin. If needs are demonstrated for the more situation of number, big demonstration chamber can also be set, With projector's projection simulation model and cabin video, projector both connected with assessment multi-channel separate screen device, also with simulation work station Connect. Another assessment display and emulation display then are positioned over the Simulation Evaluation machine room. The Voice ﹠ Video receiving system is Be arranged in microphone and the camera of analog machine, they and data processing server link, and are used for recording training process. This The related input unit of system comprises the console (ginseng that has keyboard and mouse function on keyboard, mouse and the instructor station See Fig. 5).
Shown in Fig. 3,4, data processing server---DELL server is the maincenter of native system, the data receiver journey Order, audio collection program and video acquisition program all are stored in the data processing server. Earlier by the teacher the analog machine instructor station Operate, import user profile and send instruction to the DELL server by network, native system is by being embedded in then The data receiver program catches and record analog machine flying quality in the analog machine primary control program, comprise aircraft attitude, position, Instrument shows, the pilot is in flight parameter and the control parameters such as control action of driving cabin, issues DELL by network Server by microphone and camera record passenger cabin sound and training live telecast, is issued the DELL server by network simultaneously; Carry out data by the DELL server and process, comprise the analog machine flying quality that to receive, generate one for this usefulness The control documents at family, and store these flying qualities in database; Meanwhile, the DELL server is opened and is controlled The simultaneously operating of digitlization audio-video document is computer by capture card with sound, the video two-way analog signal conversion of driving cabin Discernible digitlization audio-video document, and be stored in the database; By the evaluation work station automatically with the simulation in the database Corresponding parameter in machine flying quality and the analog machine flight evaluation criteria database is carried out corresponding computing, draws the assessment knot Really, be stored in again in the database of data processing server, can comment on the inquiry of indoor PC and comment by being positioned at then Estimate the result. The simulation work station that native system possesses mainly comprises the SGI emulating host computer, internal memory figure simulation reconstruction program And emulator control program, can automatically carry out computing according to the analog machine flying quality, fly thereby draw operation and demonstrate analog machine The simulation figure of row process, and can play in conjunction with audio frequency and video by the PC work station and demonstrate is implemented in and just comments in the chamber Can watch in all directions flight course on analog machine and the purpose of details, the behaviour that the teacher can be occurred according to the student Make wrong and unit matching problem, carry out repeatedly and at length explanation, do not have commenting on general of concrete reference before having improved Difference understanding and understanding to flight course that mode, unified religion, two aspects may exist solve unnecessary dispute.
Described digitizing audio-video document adopts mpeg format, and capture card is accepted the order of Data Receiving program, and the MPEG compressing card is operated, and the sound of driving cabin, video signal digitization, and is compressed into the mpeg file form.
Described simulation work station is selected the graphics workstation of U.S. SGI company for use, in simulation work station, increase an emulator control program simultaneously, this program provides control interface and control for simulation process on the one hand, for the video reproduction program that operates on the user terminal provides the emulation synchronizing signal, synchronous on the other hand to guarantee that emulation and audio frequency and video are play.Simulated program sent the progress of current simulation process every 0.5 second by emulator control program, promptly begin to count and how long carried out from emulation, video reproduction program goes out the play position of current video according to this Time Calculation, because emulated data and video all are to begin at one time to record, the starting point unanimity, so can realize that two program play content are synchronous, even emulation is through velocity variations, but when sending synchronous control signal, all with current up-to-date simulation time position informing video reproduction program, and adjust the position of video playback voluntarily according to this time by video reproduction program.
Actual situation about using: after teacher and unit enter analog machine, if thinking, the teacher needs to start the present invention, he can operate by Instructor Operating System's the page, at first start the present invention, reader group id and self-ordained password, at this moment the acquisition subsystem that comprises data receiver program and audio-video collection card in the DELL server captures the instruction from the Instructor Operating System, begin to receive the student's flying quality that is embedded in data transmission blocks transmission in the analog machine control program, and by shooting of the camera in the analog machine driving cabin and microphone pickup generation simulating signal, and by the sound of audio-video collection card with driving cabin, video two-way analog signal conversion is the discernible digitizing audio-video document of computing machine, and the data receiver program is stored into analog machine flying quality and the digitizing audio-video document that receives in the database; After the teacher passes through Instructor Operating System's control end-of-page data acquisition, the watchdog routine notice appraisal procedure of evaluation subsystem, the subject that appraisal procedure can quantize according to data contrast flight standard is at once assessed and is given a mark, simultaneously flying quality and assessment result are stored in the database, at this moment, teacher and student just can obtain assessment result by the query interface on the evaluation work station.On the other hand, data acquisition program is sent to flying quality and unit relevant information (sign, password etc.) on the simulation work station after gathering end immediately, and this moment, analogue system just can be carried out emulation and audio frequency and video playback at any time.Like this, come into when teacher and unit and to comment on the chamber, the teacher can import the score that some needs the manual evaluation project by related interfaces, just can take the end product of assessment, can also all assessment results be printed by printer; The teacher imports emulator command again, carry out the emulation running by the graphical simulation playback program, demonstrate certain student's analog machine flight simulation figure at the screen of simulation work station, comprise model aircraft, airport model, instrument model etc., simultaneously the audio frequency and video playing program is play video recording of analog machine driving cabin and cabin sound, so just can explain at the problem that occurs in the flight course just now.
Claims (9)
1. the computer aided instruction system of aviation analog machine training comprises:
(1) at least one data processing server,
It is a data receiving end of internal memory program at least, is used to receive the analog machine flying quality that collects, and generates a control documents, is used to store each user's information; At least one database is used to store the flying quality that collects and the assessment result of Student Training's quality.
(2) analog machine data sending terminal program modules
It is one and is embedded in the program that is used to catch the analog machine flying quality in the analog machine primary control program, when analog machine moves flying quality is caught and is noted and issue data processing server.
(3) at least one user terminal
It comprises at least one display screen that is used for the explicit user interface and is used for the input media of input instruction, is used for the running of input instruction control native system, shows various relevant informations; The user terminal internal memory contains the terminal control module, this module partly is made up of the interface of application program and service transmission and Control Component, wherein the interface of application program is to be used for man-machine interface mutual between user and the native system, service transmission and Control Component part are used for that then the user is operated on the interface action is carried out logical operation and is sent user instruction to data processing server, control database, make them be in servo condition.User terminal links to each other with data processing server, and server component is installed on the data processing server.
(4) evaluation work station
It comprises a main frame, internal memory analog machine flight training assessment software module and analog machine flight evaluation criteria database, be connected with data processing server, be used for to gather and to be stored in automatically the analog machine flying quality of database of data processing server and the relevant parameters in the analog machine flight evaluation criteria database and carry out corresponding computing, draw assessment result, be stored in again in the database of data processing server.
2. the computer aided instruction system of aviation analog machine training according to claim 2 is characterized in that it comprises:
(1) at least one data processing server,
It comprises at least one data receiver program, be used to gather the flying quality of analog machine, the attitude, position, instrument that comprises aircraft shows, the pilot is in the flight parameter and the controlled variable such as control action of driving cabin, opens and the synchronous operation of control figure audio-video document; At least one capture card is used to accept the order of Data Receiving program, is the discernible digitizing audio-video document of computing machine with sound, the video two-way analog signal conversion of driving cabin; At least one database is used to store assessment result and other related datas of the flying quality that collects and digitizing audio-video document and Student Training's quality.
(2) analog machine data sending terminal program modules
It is one and is embedded in the program that is used to catch the analog machine flying quality in the analog machine primary control program, when analog machine moves flying quality is caught and is noted and issue data processing server.
(3) at least one Voice ﹠ Video receiving trap
Be used to gather the video and the audio-frequency information of the training in the analog machine driving cabin.
(4) at least two user terminals
Have at least a user terminal to comprise an input media that is used for the display screen at explicit user interface and is used for input instruction, be used for the running of input instruction control native system, show various relevant informations; Have another user terminal internal memory video reproduction program at least, be used to play the video record in the simulation cabin; Each user terminal all links to each other with data processing server.
(5) evaluation work station
It comprises a main frame, internal memory analog machine flight training assessment software module and analog machine flight evaluation criteria database, be connected with data processing server, be used for to gather and to be stored in automatically the analog machine flying quality of database of data processing server and the relevant parameters in the analog machine flight evaluation criteria database and compare computing, draw assessment result, be stored in again in the database of data processing server.
(6) simulation work station
It comprises the graphics workstation that at least one is connected with data processing server, and internal memory graphical simulation playback program is used to move and demonstrate the simulation figure of analog machine flight course.
3. the computer aided instruction system of aviation analog machine training according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that described data processing server can adopt UDP/IP procotol and the network service of analog machine main control computer to the acquisition scheme of analog machine flying quality, is connected in the udp port of analog machine main control computer.
4. the computer aided instruction system of aviation analog machine according to claim 3 training is characterized in that LAN (Local Area Network) is a whole set of system with each computer hardware series connection, is connected by gateway between native system network and the analog machine network.
5. according to the computer aided instruction system of claim or the training of 4 described aviation analog machines, it is characterized in that described user terminal can have two or more, one of them and analog machine instructor station are integrated, remaining user terminal then can be positioned over and comment on the chamber, is used to show student's training examination achievement and data analysis and statistics.
6. the computer-aided instruction method of aviation analog machine training may further comprise the steps:
(1) sends the instruction that the user gathers the analog machine flying quality by user terminal;
(2) catch the instruction of user's image data by the data receiver program, begin to receive by being embedded in student's flying quality that analog machine data sending terminal program is noted in the analog machine primary control program;
(3) the data receiver program is stored into the analog machine flying quality that receives in the database;
(4) the analog machine flight training assessment software module by internal memory in the evaluation work station compares computing with the relevant parameter in analog machine flying quality in above-mentioned (3) and the analog machine flight evaluation criteria database automatically, draws assessment result;
(5) assessment result is stored in the database of data processing server, in order to query calls;
(6) by user terminal inquiry and show the assessment result of above-mentioned student's flight training quality.
7. the computer-aided instruction method of aviation analog machine training according to claim 6 is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) sends the instruction that the user gathers the analog machine flying quality by user terminal;
(2) catch the instruction of user's image data by the data receiver program, begin to receive by being embedded in student's flying quality that analog machine data sending terminal program is noted in the analog machine primary control program, and the simulating signal by shooting of the camera in the analog machine driving cabin and microphone pickup;
(3) the data receiver program is stored into the analog machine flying quality that receives in the database;
(4) the analog machine flight training assessment software module by internal memory in the evaluation work station compares computing with the relevant parameter in analog machine flying quality in above-mentioned (3) and the analog machine flight evaluation criteria database automatically, draws assessment result;
(5) assessment result is stored in the database of data processing server, in order to query calls;
(6) thus access and show the assessment result of above-mentioned student's flight training quality and the data of other training by user terminal input user profile so that the drillmaster comments on student's training or examination situation;
(7) thus enter analogue system by user terminal and simulation work station input user profile, download the flying quality of emulation;
(8) when receiving emulator command, carry out the emulation running by the graphical simulation playback program, demonstrate certain student's analog machine flight simulation figure by the screen of simulation work station, the audio frequency and video playing program is play video recording of analog machine driving cabin and cabin sound simultaneously.
8. the computer-aided instruction method of aviation analog machine training according to claim 7, it is characterized in that in simulation work station, increasing an emulator control program, this program provides control interface and control for simulation process on the one hand, regularly provide the emulation synchronizing signal for the video reproduction program that operates on the user terminal on the other hand, send the progress of current simulation process, promptly begin to count and how long carried out from emulation, video reproduction program goes out the play position of current video according to this Time Calculation, and is synchronous to guarantee that emulation and audio frequency and video are play.
9. according to the computer aided instruction system of claim 7 or the training of 8 described aviation analog machines, it is characterized in that described graphical simulation playback program has three key elements: (1) three-dimensional simulation model, comprise model aircraft, airport model, instrument model etc., these models are set up according to real dimensional data, constituting simulating scenes, is emulation vivid basis true to nature; (2) analog machine flying quality is the basis of emulation authenticity, has only correct analog machine flying quality, can reproduce for teacher and unit provide real emulation; (3) Simulation drive program, the analog machine flying quality according to downloading drives various realistic models, finishes simulation process.
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