CN1508389A - Thermal recovery method for coal seam gas - Google Patents

Thermal recovery method for coal seam gas Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1508389A
CN1508389A CNA021556903A CN02155690A CN1508389A CN 1508389 A CN1508389 A CN 1508389A CN A021556903 A CNA021556903 A CN A021556903A CN 02155690 A CN02155690 A CN 02155690A CN 1508389 A CN1508389 A CN 1508389A
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coal bed
heating
coal
well
injection
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CNA021556903A
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CN100351491C (en
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杨胜来
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China University of Petroleum Beijing
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China University of Petroleum Beijing
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Abstract

The invention discloses a coal bed gas thermal extracting method. The coal bed methane usually exists on the surface of the coal bed aperture in adsorbent state, and the production of the methane demands at least two courses of desorption and seepage, therefore the rates of desorption and penetration are the main cause of methane producing rate. It injects thermal energy in the thermal driving mode to increase free energy of the absorbed coal bed gas (methane), so as to increase the desorption rate of the methane and at the same time and make the gas swell by heat to accelerate the seepage flow, which increases the coal bed gas output by a wide margin and realizes the purpose to industrial development of the coal bed gas.

Description

The heating exploitation method of coal bed gas
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly improve coal bed gas well output, at a high speed develop the method and the technology of coal bed gas, be meant the heating exploitation method of coal bed gas especially, belong to the coal chemical industry technical field.
Background technology
Coal bed methane gas (Coal bed Methane) is called for short coal bed gas, and the colliery claims gas or biogas, be form in the coal-forming process, still be the natural gas of reservoir with the coal seam, main component is methane (CH 4).Methane is valuable resource, the energy and the industrial chemicals of high-quality, what can be used as conventional gas takes over the energy or the additional energy, but, if do not develop coal bed gas in advance, methane will enter mine laneway and may cause gas explosion accident in the coal mining process, or enter atmosphere, causes environment pollution as waste gas.Therefore, the exploitation coal bed gas can make full use of valuable natural resources, prevents Gas Explosion Accidents in Coal Mines, protect atmospheric environment.
China's coal bed gas aboundresources begins relevant company the nineties and uses for reference the experience that the U.S. successfully develops coal bed gas, the exploitation coal bed gas, and hundreds of mouths of dig a well, but test effect is undesirable, subject matter is to yield poorly that (gas production is above 1000 meters 3/ day well only account for total drilling well number about 10%), the output instability, can not reach the standard of industrialized developing.
Test shows that Chinese coalbed methane reservoir characteristics are different with other countries, and it is impracticable indiscriminately imitating simply and using other country's experience, must develop the development technique that is fit to Chinese coal seam characteristics.
The reason that gas production is little is mainly: compare with conventional gas, the storing mode of coal bed gas to be being adsorbed as master, reservoir energy low (pressure is low), poor permeability, and the output process of coal bed gas is at first depressurization desorption, seepage flow in pore media then.This shows the output process complexity of coal bed gas, output is subjected to the restriction of desorption rate and seepage velocity, unless at indivedual very reservoirs of high osmosis, otherwise only rely on very high gas production and the recovery ratio of the difficult acquisition of natural energy, necessary searching and research improve the new method of exploitation rate (or producing tolerance daily) and recovery ratio.
The conventional oil natural gas extraction can be adopted the method for water filling or natural gas injection, increases strata pressure and energy, reaches the displacement petroleum gas, realizes the purpose of exploitation at a high speed.And for coal bed gas, if high pressure water injection or gas injection, then pressure of coalbed gas increases, because methane is ADSORPTION STATE, increases pressure and is unfavorable for that desorb emits, even the free gas of desorb is adsorbed again.So water filling or gas injection cause the coal bed gas can't desorb, have only the step-down could desorb, it is inappropriate therefore adopting high pressure water injection, gas injection.
At present, a kind of CO at coal bed gas is arranged 2Absorption method, this method is to utilize CO 2Have the adsorptivity higher, inject CO than methane 2After, squeeze methane or change its characterization of adsorption.But this method is suitably step-down also, CH in the step-down process 4Desorb, CO 2Have strong adsorptivity and occupy CH 4The position, thereby make CH 4Keep free state.Total process is: the producing well step-down that drives a well, and inject well and inject CO 2, the methane desorb is a free state after the step-down, CO 2Absorption.Increase injection pressure then, methane can't adsorb, can only be along flow of pore from the gas well output.After producing a period of time, step-down once more, the injection and the output of carrying out next circulation.But because the step-down process is at producing well, and CO 2Be injecting the well injection, so CH 4With CO 2Competition may not take place simultaneously, in addition because therefore the circulation repeatedly with step-down of boosting can not improve gas production very significantly.This is a kind of theoretic method at present.
By discovering CH under the high temperature 4Adsorption capacity reduce greatly, adopt thermal methods heating coal seam can increase CH 4Desorption rate, simultaneously when gases are heated, they expand in the process of transmitting to the coal seam for heat energy, helps setting up producing pressure differential, thereby increase the gas well daily output significantly.Current, the patent of heating exploitation viscous crude is arranged, but thermal methods is not introduced the precedent of exploiting coal bed methane.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of heating exploitation method of coal bed gas, and methane output is improved.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of heating exploitation method of coal bed gas comprises the steps: at least
Step 1, injection: from injecting well, inject heat energy, make the coal seam heating to the stratum;
Step 2, gas production: when injecting heat energy, from the producing well exploiting coal bed methane.
Described heat energy kind comprises at least: hot fluid or one of chemical agent oxidative heat generation or electrically heated mode or its combination.
When the mode of injecting with hot fluid heated, the concrete steps of this exploitation method were as follows:
Step a1: from injecting the continuous heated fluid injection of well head, make the coal seam heating, and gas displacing coal-bedly advance towards producing well;
Step a2: in heated fluid injection, from the producing well exploiting coal bed methane.
Described hot fluid is at least superheated steam or hot water.
The injection condition of described hot fluid is:
Implantation temperature: the temperature of heated fluid injection should be far above the original temperature of bed gas reservoir, consider various heat waste after, can make coal seam average temperature rising more than 20-60 ℃;
Injection pressure :≤coal seam fracture pressure;
Injection rate: every rice bran oil layer: 0.01-0.2kg/s
The injection total amount of described hot fluid is determined according to coal seam thickness, coal seam degree of porosity, exploitation well group area, when gas-producing well output is lower than industrial gas production standard, stops gas injection.
When injecting heat energy with microwave heating, the concrete steps of this exploitation method are as follows:
Step b1: to being installed in the microwave generator power supply that injects into well, the microwave that makes it be used to heat to the coal seam emission;
Step b2: when injecting heat energy, from the producing well exploiting coal bed methane.
Described microwave heating is: directly heat the coal seam by microwave generator, or by microwave generator water is heated, with the heat heating coal seam of heating water generates.
Described microwave generator is installed in the position, coal seam of injecting well, and microwave frequency is 1NHZ-10GHZ, and power is 100 kilowatts-1000 kilowatts.
Before injecting heat energy, at first natural aerogenesis; When the same day, gas production was lower than the industrialized developing standard, heat energy reinjected.
Described injection well and producing well all are at least flatly, and the injection well is that injecting heat is the gas production of well group heat injection power when different well heads carries out more than two mouthfuls with gas production simultaneously.
Described heat energy injection rate makes the coal seam temperature raise 20 ℃ at least; And being not less than industrial gas with the producing well gas production is standard.
The heating exploitation method of coal bed gas is by making the coal seam heat temperature raising to coal seam heated fluid injection (superheated steam or hot water) or other method (chemical agent oxidative heat generation or electrical heating) that increases heat energy.Quicken desorb on the one hand, make ADSORPTION STATE methane become free state rapidly, the coal bed gas of hot fluid displacement free state in the process of advancing is advanced towards producing well on the other hand.Owing to quickened desorb, add the thermal expansion of gas, make producing well output be increased sharply.
Select to inject which kind of heat energy, mainly consider according to combined factors such as injection scale, installation cost, running costs.The input height of general heat injection steam, but heat is also high, and effect of increasing production is best.The equipment investment of hot-water flooding is little, but the heat capacity of water is also low, and effect of increasing production is not as steam injection.The characteristics that chemical oxidizing agent is given birth to heat or electrical heating method are that equipment investment is little, and applying flexible is convenient, are suitable for the test of small-sized gas field or well group.
The temperature of heated fluid injection should be far above the original temperature of bed gas reservoir, consider various heat waste after, can make coal seam average temperature rising more than 20-60 ℃; The pressure that injects should be tried one's best high satisfying the needs that inject fast, but Gao Buying is higher than the fracture pressure in coal seam.
During The field, should carry out business accounting and evaluation, take all factors into consideration and determine each parameter according to actual coal seam situation.
The heating power mode of driving is well group, the gas displacing coal-bed process of block hot-fluid injection.
Gas production obviously rises to suitable.Injection rate should satisfy the requirement of aerogenesis speed, generally drops to when being lower than industrial standard in the producing well gas production, stops to inject.
The present invention has following advantage:
1, the desorption rate of coal bed gas (methane) has been improved in the heating coal seam;
2, temperature raises, and gas expands, and has improved seepage velocity;
3, heating exploitation also has the effect of removing the shaft bottom pollutant and dredging obstruction;
4, heating power drives the purpose that can realize continuously, exploit at a high speed.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention one;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention two;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention three.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments technical scheme of the present invention is described further:
Embodiment one: vapours heating exploiting coal bed methane
As shown in Figure 1, design one is annotated one and is adopted Liang Koujing, injects superheated steam continuously from the well head that injects well 1, the temperature of heated fluid injection is controlled at the original temperature far above bed gas reservoir, particularly, consider various heat waste after, the scope that this temperature raises is at least more than 20-60 ℃; The pressure that injects is not more than the fracture pressure in coal seam, and should satisfy the needs that inject fast as far as possible.Steam advances in coal seam 4 after entering coal seam 4 by injection well 1 shaft bottom, heats the coal seam on the one hand, and the original temperature in coal seam is improved, and quickens the desorb of CH4, makes the methane of ADSORPTION STATE become free state methane; The coal bed gas of steam displacement free state in the process of advancing is advanced to producing well 2 on the other hand.Owing to quickened desorb, add the thermal expansion of gas, make the output of producing well 2 be increased sharply.This method is continuous steam in jection, and up to a large amount of steam of producing well 2 outputs, condensation water, or the coal bed gas daily output stops steam in jection when being lower than industrial standard.This moment, the adsorption capacity in coal seam reduced greatly, and desorption rate improves corresponding raising, and therefore the daily output of producing well improves and be improved, and instantaneously increased production nearly thousand times.
Embodiment two: heating using microwave seam mining coal bed gas
As shown in Figure 2, design one is annotated one and is adopted Liang Koujing, and microwave generator 3 is installed in 4 positions, coal seam of injecting well 1, ground industrial power 5 is powered to microwave generator 3 by cable 6, microwave generator 3 launched microwaves directly heat underground coal seam 4 with microwave, and coal seam 4 temperature are raise.Between the frequency range 1NHZ-10GHZ of microwave, the power of microwave generator is 100 kilowatts-1000 kilowatts, and coal seam, heating back temperature reaches more than 400 ℃.Desorb is quickened in the heating coal seam, makes ADSORPTION STATE methane become free state rapidly.Owing to quickened desorb, add the thermal expansion of gas, make the output of producing well 2 be increased sharply.
Embodiment three: microwave down-hole boiler heating power exploiting coal bed methane
As shown in Figure 3, design at least one notes one and adopt Liang Koujing, wherein 1 for injecting well, and another mouthful well 2 is a producing well.Microwave generator 3 is installed in 4 positions, coal seam of injecting well 1, and ground industrial power 5 is powered to microwave generator by cable 6, by microwave generator generation microwave.From ground through oil pipe 7 to the microwave generator water filling, microwave generator is heated as steam or hot water to water, steam or hot water inject the coal seam.The coal seam is heated.Reach the purpose that improves methane output.
It should be noted that at last: above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not breaking away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of heating exploitation method of coal bed gas is characterized in that: comprise the steps: at least
Step 1, injection: from injecting well, inject heat energy, make the coal seam heating to the stratum;
Step 2, gas production: when injecting heat energy, from the producing well exploiting coal bed methane.
2, the heating exploitation method of coal bed gas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described heat energy kind comprises at least: hot fluid or one of chemical agent oxidative heat generation or electrically heated mode or its combination.
3, the heating exploitation method of coal bed gas according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: when the mode of injecting with hot fluid heated, the concrete steps of this exploitation method were as follows:
Step a1: from injecting the continuous heated fluid injection of well head, make the coal seam heating, and gas displacing coal-bedly advance towards producing well;
Step a2: in heated fluid injection, from the producing well exploiting coal bed methane.
4, the heating exploitation method of coal bed gas according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described hot fluid is at least superheated steam or hot water; The injection condition of this hot fluid is:
Implantation temperature: the temperature of heated fluid injection should be far above the original temperature of bed gas reservoir, consider various heat waste after, can make coal seam average temperature rising more than 20-60 ℃;
Injection pressure :≤coal seam fracture pressure;
Injection rate: every rice bran oil layer: 0.01-0.2kg/s
5, the heating exploitation method of coal bed gas according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: when injecting heat energy with microwave heating, the concrete steps of this exploitation method are as follows:
Step b1: to being installed in the microwave generator power supply that injects into well, the microwave that makes it be used to heat to the coal seam emission;
Step b2: when injecting heat energy, from the producing well exploiting coal bed methane.
6, the heating exploitation method of coal bed gas according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described microwave heating is: directly heat the coal seam by microwave generator, or by microwave generator water is heated, with the heat heating coal seam of heating water generates.
7, the heating exploitation method of coal bed gas according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described microwave generator is installed in the position, coal seam of injecting well, and microwave frequency is 1NHZ-10GHZ, and power is 100 kilowatts-1000 kilowatts.
8, the heating exploitation method of coal bed gas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: before injecting heat energy, and at first natural aerogenesis; When the same day, gas production was lower than the industrialized developing standard, heat energy reinjected.
9, the heating exploitation method of coal bed gas according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described injection well and producing well all are at least flatly, and injecting well is, injecting heat is the gas production of well group heat injection power when different well heads carries out more than two mouthfuls with gas production simultaneously.
10, the heating exploitation method of coal bed gas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described heat energy injection rate makes the coal seam temperature raise 20 ℃ at least; And being not less than industrial gas with the producing well gas production is standard.
CNB021556903A 2002-12-13 2002-12-13 Thermal recovery method for coal seam gas Expired - Fee Related CN100351491C (en)

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Cited By (16)

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WO2009039776A1 (en) * 2007-09-19 2009-04-02 Institute Of Rock And Soil Mechanice, Chinese Academy Of Sciences An exploitation system and method for displacing coal bed gas by mixed gas through a pumping drainage way which is under a well
CN102434142A (en) * 2011-11-30 2012-05-02 中国神华能源股份有限公司 Coal underground gasification method
CN102747998A (en) * 2012-06-29 2012-10-24 中国石油大学(北京) Shale gas production increasing method and shale gas production increasing equipment
CN102913222A (en) * 2012-11-20 2013-02-06 中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限公司工程服务公司 Oxidation process completion method of horizontal well for developing coalbed methane
CN103225497A (en) * 2013-04-16 2013-07-31 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Exploitation method of vaporizing formation water and displacing heavy oil by microwaves in situ
CN103470236A (en) * 2013-09-16 2013-12-25 中国海洋石油总公司 Automatic reinjection water heating production increasing process of coal-bed gas well
CN103742113A (en) * 2014-01-06 2014-04-23 贵州盘江煤层气开发利用有限责任公司 Infrared yield increasing equipment for use under coal-bed gas well
CN104234740A (en) * 2014-09-03 2014-12-24 太原理工大学 Low-medium pressure air displacement high-pressure coalbed gas system and method thereof
CN104632270A (en) * 2015-01-06 2015-05-20 中国矿业大学 Oscillating impulse type high-energy gas fracturing and heat injection alternating gas-extracting method
CN106499368A (en) * 2016-10-26 2017-03-15 西南石油大学 A kind of deep seafloor top layer gas hydrate mining methods
CN107387045A (en) * 2017-07-20 2017-11-24 苏州大学 A kind of coal bed gas heating exploitation system and recovery method
CN104428490B (en) * 2011-12-20 2018-06-05 埃克森美孚上游研究公司 The coal bed methane production of raising
CN109403924A (en) * 2018-09-29 2019-03-01 山西晋城无烟煤矿业集团有限责任公司 A kind of single coal bed gas well injection hot water driving gang of wells method for increasing
CN109519157A (en) * 2018-09-29 2019-03-26 山西晋城无烟煤矿业集团有限责任公司 Heat yield-increasing technique in coal bed gas well underground
CN112901120A (en) * 2021-03-30 2021-06-04 西安科技大学 Coal bed gas U-shaped well gas injection circulation negative pressure extraction device and method
CN113982589A (en) * 2021-10-26 2022-01-28 西安交通大学 Temperature control method and system for in-situ mining of rich coal

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WO2009039776A1 (en) * 2007-09-19 2009-04-02 Institute Of Rock And Soil Mechanice, Chinese Academy Of Sciences An exploitation system and method for displacing coal bed gas by mixed gas through a pumping drainage way which is under a well
CN102434142A (en) * 2011-11-30 2012-05-02 中国神华能源股份有限公司 Coal underground gasification method
CN102434142B (en) * 2011-11-30 2014-12-03 中国神华能源股份有限公司 Coal underground gasification method
CN104428490B (en) * 2011-12-20 2018-06-05 埃克森美孚上游研究公司 The coal bed methane production of raising
CN102747998A (en) * 2012-06-29 2012-10-24 中国石油大学(北京) Shale gas production increasing method and shale gas production increasing equipment
CN102747998B (en) * 2012-06-29 2015-11-25 中国石油大学(北京) Shale gas method for increasing and shale gas yield-increasing apparatus
CN102913222A (en) * 2012-11-20 2013-02-06 中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限公司工程服务公司 Oxidation process completion method of horizontal well for developing coalbed methane
CN103225497B (en) * 2013-04-16 2015-07-08 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Exploitation method of vaporizing formation water and displacing heavy oil by microwaves in situ
CN103225497A (en) * 2013-04-16 2013-07-31 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Exploitation method of vaporizing formation water and displacing heavy oil by microwaves in situ
CN103470236A (en) * 2013-09-16 2013-12-25 中国海洋石油总公司 Automatic reinjection water heating production increasing process of coal-bed gas well
CN103470236B (en) * 2013-09-16 2016-02-10 中国海洋石油总公司 Coal bed gas well Automatic-heating reinjected water yield-increasing technique
CN103742113A (en) * 2014-01-06 2014-04-23 贵州盘江煤层气开发利用有限责任公司 Infrared yield increasing equipment for use under coal-bed gas well
CN104234740A (en) * 2014-09-03 2014-12-24 太原理工大学 Low-medium pressure air displacement high-pressure coalbed gas system and method thereof
CN104234740B (en) * 2014-09-03 2016-04-13 太原理工大学 A kind of low middle pressure air displacement high pressure coal seam gas train and method thereof
CN104632270A (en) * 2015-01-06 2015-05-20 中国矿业大学 Oscillating impulse type high-energy gas fracturing and heat injection alternating gas-extracting method
CN104632270B (en) * 2015-01-06 2016-11-16 中国矿业大学 A kind of oscillating impulse formula high enegry gas fracturing and heat injection alternation mash gas extraction method
CN106499368A (en) * 2016-10-26 2017-03-15 西南石油大学 A kind of deep seafloor top layer gas hydrate mining methods
CN107387045A (en) * 2017-07-20 2017-11-24 苏州大学 A kind of coal bed gas heating exploitation system and recovery method
CN109403924A (en) * 2018-09-29 2019-03-01 山西晋城无烟煤矿业集团有限责任公司 A kind of single coal bed gas well injection hot water driving gang of wells method for increasing
CN109519157A (en) * 2018-09-29 2019-03-26 山西晋城无烟煤矿业集团有限责任公司 Heat yield-increasing technique in coal bed gas well underground
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CN113982589A (en) * 2021-10-26 2022-01-28 西安交通大学 Temperature control method and system for in-situ mining of rich coal

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