Below will the invention will be further described by concrete example
Antidepressant effect and the study on mechanism thereof of embodiment 1 " heart is pleased "
1 material and method
1.1 the animal Kunming mouse is male, body weight 18~22g.Providing by Military Medical Science Institute's Experimental Animal Center. each organizes mice all under the same conditions, freely drinks water, ingests, keeps natural light.
1.2 medicine Radix Ginseng, Poria, Rhizoma Acori Graminei, Radix Polygalae (3: 3: 2: 2) all available from PLA General Hospital Chinese medicine pharmacy, soak 30min after, decoct 30min, twice merging filtrate is condensed into every 1ml and contains the 1g crude drug, 4 ℃ of refrigerators are preserved.Positive drug DESIPRAMINE (SIGMA company, lot number: 200-373-1).The hydrocortisone test kit is provided by the East Asia immunity.Standard substance: norepinephrine (Norepinephrine, NE, Sigma company, lot number; 200-095-0); Dopamine (Dopamine, DA, Sigma company, lot number: 200-527-8) 5-hydroxy tryptamine (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT, Sigma company, lot number: 153-98-0); 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-hydrooxyindole-3-aceticacid, 5-HIAA, Sigma company, lot number: 200-195-4) trisodium citrate; Perchloric acid (Beijing chemical reagent work, analytical pure); Methanol (Beijing chemical reagent work, chromatographically pure); Water is the experiment ultra-pure water.
13 instruments, 1050 type high performance liquid chromatographs (U.S. Hewlett-Packard); 1046 type fluorescence detectors (U.S. Hewlett-Packard); Bondapar Phenyl chromatographic column (U.S. waters company); The 15R refrigerated centrifuge (U.S. Heraeus biofuge) that exceeds the speed limit.
2 experimental techniques
2.1 the mandatory swimming test of mice
2.1.1 experiment grouping and administration: it is administration 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, 7 days, 14 days district's groups that mice is distinguished component at random, and each district's group is divided into matched group at random, positive controls, ' heart is pleased ' high, medium and low dosage group.Matched group is given and normal saline 0.2ml/20g, and positive controls is given and Desipramine 0.2mg/20g, and high, medium and low dosage group is given and crude drug 0.12ml/20g, 0.06ml/20g, 0.03ml/20g.Each group is irritated stomach, 1 time/day.
2.1.2 the mensuration of mice dead time: each district group mice carries out the forced swimming experiment behind the successive administration last.Mice is put into high 20cm, in the glass beaker of diameter 10cm, the dark 10cm of water in the cup, water temperature 25 ℃ ± 1,1 in each beaker begins behind the 2min to observe, and observes to continue 4min, mice dead time (stop to struggle or apparent floating state, the persistent period of tiny limb motion to keep head to keep afloat only arranged) in water in this 4min of accumulative total.
2.2 hydrocortisone assay: mice after the swimming is extractd eyeball and gets blood, (5000rmin-1) centrifugal 5min at a high speed, and separation of serum is put-70 ℃ of refrigerators and is preserved to be measured.Adopt radio immunoassay (RIA) to measure hydrocortisone content, the operating procedure by specification carries out [2].
2.3 the mensuration of central neurotransmitter
Collection of specimens and processing: each district group mice carries out the forced swimming experiment behind the successive administration last, sacrificed by decapitation mice after swimming finishes, head is placed on the ice platform, rapidly brain is taken out, place liquid nitrogen container, after leave in-78 ℃ of cryogenic refrigerators, treat that whole sample collections fully after, carry out the mensuration of neurotransmitter.Test was taken out cerebral tissue and add the ice-cold 0.1mol/L HCLO4 of 0.5ml the same day, operates in ice bath with glass homogenizer, and 4 ℃, the centrifugal 30min of 15000g, the taking-up supernatant, recentrifuge 10min gets supernatant, direct injected 50 μ l.
Chromatographic condition: mobile phase is the 20mmol/L trisodium citrate, and regulating PH with Hcl is 5.0, adds the methanol of 5% (V/V) behind the membrane filtration of 0.45 μ m, and through ultrasonic degas, flow velocity is 1.0ml/min before using.The fluorescence detector wavelength is set to: excitation wavelength (EM) 280nm, emission wavelength (EX) 315nm; With peak area quantification.
The preparation of standard substance and the preparation of standard curve: precision takes by weighing NE, DA, 5-HT, 5-HIAA, places the 10ml volumetric flask respectively, adds 0.1mol/lHCLO
4To scale, shake up.Get NE131ug/ml, DA 127 μ g/ml, 5-HT 111 μ g/ml, 5-HIAA 107 μ g/ml standard solution respectively.Get above-mentioned standard solution and get NE, DA, 5-HT, 5-HIAA series concentration respectively through dilution preparation standard curve.Area under curve behind the sample introduction (Y) returns concentration (X).
2.4 the statistical method experimental result is used the SPSS statistical software, adopts variance analysis, group difference carries out with the T check, and gained is the result represent with x ± S.
3. result
3.1 ' heart is pleased ' is to the influence of the mandatory swimming of mice
Table 1 " heart please " is to the influence of the mandatory swimming of mice (X ± S)
The mandatory non-swimming time of mice (s)
Group n 1 day 3 days 5 days 7 days 14 days
High dose group 10 57.7 ± 21.9
*94.5 ± 17.7 72.8 ± 22.4 62.6 ± 21.1
*102.7 ± 35.7
Middle dosage group 10 38.0 ± 28.9
*69.4 ± 24.4
*58.4 ± 29.4
*57.5 ± 29.5
*74.3 ± 12.1
*
Low dose group 10 87.9 ± 12.9
*97.0 ± 31.8 96.9 ± 19.3 67.0 ± 19.8
*112.3 ± 22.9
Positive drug group 10 29.3 ± 9.7
*44.7 ± 20.6
*58.0 ± 22.6
*55.0 ± 23.3
*48.7 ± 23.0
*
Matched group 10 94.6 ± 18.6 108.7 ± 24.3 114.8 ± 27.9 139.9 ± 28.5 132.3 ± 13.0
*Compare P<0.05 with matched group
*Compare P<0.01 with matched group
3.2 " heart is pleased " is to the influence of mice plasma hydrocortisone
Table 2 " heart please " is to the influence of mice plasma hydrocortisone content (X ± S)
N hydrocortisone content (ng/ml)
1 day 3 days 5 days 7 days 14 days
Normal group 10 15.8 ± 2.4 13.9 ± 3.3 16.4 ± 6.5 13.6 ± 4.1 14.9 ± 5.7
Matched group 10 69.3 ± 9.2
##56.6 ± 15.1
##61.4 ± 5.3
##53.7 ± 7.4
##58.4 ± 17.7
##
Positive controls 10 44.9 ± 5.2
##53.3 ± 5.3
##56.6 ± 9.7
##54.1 ± 5.7
##49.7 ± 9.1
##
High dose group 10 54.3 ± 8.0
##56.3 ± 6.7
##47.0 ± 7.6
* ##32.2 ± 8.1
* ##47.3 ± 6.2
##
Middle dosage group 10 46.9 ± 3.1
* ##48.5 ± 9.4
##50.1 ± 2.9
##29.8 ± 6.3
* ##30.3 ± 6.7
* ##
Low dose group 10 41.3 ± 2.0
* ##56.5 ± 5.2
##61.8 ± 7.7
##52.5 ± 12.8
##53.3 ± 9.0
##
*Compare P<0.05 with matched group
##Compare P<0.01 with normal group
3.2 " heart is pleased " is to the influence of neurotransmitter in the mouse brain
Table 3 " heart is pleased " different dosing time depression model mice central neurotransmitter NE content (μ g/g wet tissue)
Administration administration in 1 day administration in 3 days administration in 5 days administration in 7 days 14 days
Negative control group (n=6) 0.69 ± 0.03 0.76 ± 0.03 0.91 ± 0.01 0.51 ± 0.07 0.82 ± 0.06
Positive controls (n=6) 0.70 ± 0.06 1.10 ± 0.01
*1.35 ± 0.01
*1.25 ± 0.02
*1.25 ± 0.01
*
High dose group (n=6) 0.70 ± 0.03 0.74 ± 0.03 1.06 ± 0.02
*0.68 ± 0.08 0.88 ± 0.06
Middle dosage group (n=6) 0.71 ± 0.05 0.95 ± 0.06
*0.94 ± 0.13 0.68 ± 0.05 0.89 ± 0.02
Low dose group (n=6) 0.77 ± 0.01 0.90 ± 0.13 1.09 ± 0.02
*0.83 ± 0.13
*0.86 ± 0.19
Table 4 " heart is pleased " different dosing time depression model mice central neurotransmitter DA content (μ g/g wet tissue)
Administration administration in 1 day administration in 3 days administration in 5 days administration in 7 days 14 days
Negative control group (n=6) 0.96 ± 0.01 0.98 ± 0.14 1.05 ± 0.07 0.84 ± 0.13 1.10 ± 0.05
Positive controls (n=6) 0.95 ± 0.06 0.94 ± 0.01 1.09 ± 0.01 0.96 ± 0.02 1.06 ± 0.01
High dose group (n=6) 1.00 ± 0.07 0.93 ± 0.01 1.30 ± 0.11 0.98 ± 0.11 1.10 ± 0.03
Middle dosage group (n=6) 1.49 ± 0.68 1.17 ± 0.17 1.14 ± 0.03 0.93 ± 0.01 1.09 ± 0.10
Low dose group (n=6) 0.95 ± 0.06 1.39 ± 0.41 1.23 ± 0.01 1.02 ± 0.06 1.03 ± 0.22
Table 5 " heart is pleased " different dosing time depression model mice central neurotransmitter 5-HT content (μ g/g wet tissue)
Administration administration in 1 day administration in 3 days administration in 5 days administration in 7 days 14 days
Negative control group (n=6) 1.43 ± 0.05 3.49 ± 0.45 3.07 ± 0.11 1.29 ± 0.15 1.41 ± 0.04
Positive controls (n=6) 1.73 ± 0.07
*1.82 ± 0.01
*1.65 ± 0.01
*1.92 ± 0.02
*1.85 ± 0.01
*
High dose group (n=6) 1.53 ± 0.08 3.22 ± 0.06
*3.35 ± 0.36 1.74 ± 0.03
*1.72 ± 0.06
*
Middle dosage group (n=6) 1.47 ± 0.07 3.51 ± 0.41 2.73 ± 0.31 1.50 ± 0.10
*1.58 ± 0.01
*
Low dose group (n=6) 1.36 ± 0.01 3.82 ± 0.43 2.98 ± 0.18 1.74 ± 0.24
*1.51 ± 0.07
Table 6 " heart is pleased " different dosing time depression model mice central neurotransmitter 5-HIAA content (μ g/g wet tissue)
Administration administration in 1 day administration in 3 days administration in 5 days administration 14 in 7 days is big
Negative control group (n=6) 0.16 ± 0.06 0.28 ± 0.12 0.26 ± 0.05 0.39 ± 0.08 0.32 ± 0.01
Positive controls (n=6) 0.11 ± 0.01 0.30 ± 0.01 0.24 ± 0.01 0.28 ± 0.02 0.35 ± 0.01
High dose group (n=6) 0.11 ± 0.01 0.39 ± 0.01 0.44 ± 0.08
*0.40 ± 0.01 0.38 ± 0.06
Middle dosage group (n=6) 0.21 ± 0.16 0.53 ± 0.12
*0.34 ± 0.01
*0.40 ± 0.01 0.42 ± 0.02
*
Low dose group (n=6) 0.28 ± 0.06
*0.49 ± 0.06
*0.51 ± 0.01
*0.56 ± 0.04* 0.53 ± 0.04
*
Table 7 " heart is pleased " different dosing time depression model mice central neurotransmitter 5-HT/5-HIAA ratio
Administration administration in 1 day administration in 3 days administration in 5 days administration in 7 days 14 days
Negative control group (n=6) 8.94 ± 0.08 12.46 ± 0.38 11.80 ± 0.94 3.31 ± 0.65 4.41 ± 0.96
Positive controls (n=6) 15.72 ± 0.14 6.06 ± 0.77 6.88 ± 0.28 6.85 ± 0.34 5.29 ± 0.14
High dose group (n=6) 13.9 ± 0.56
*8.26 ± 0.41
*7.61 ± 0.09
*4.35 ± 0.52 4.53 ± 0.37
Middle dosage group (n=6) 7 ± 0.19
*6.62 ± 0.67
*8.03 ± 0.35
*3.75 ± 0.18 3.76 ± 0.71
Low dose group (n=6) 4.86 ± 0.21
*7.8 ± 0.34
*5.84 ± 0.24
*3.1 ± 0.45 2.85 ± 0.65
4. conclusion
A kind of stable, reliable, classical depression model---forced swimming model is adopted in this experiment, the antidepressant effect of having investigated " heart is pleased " carries out Study on mechanism simultaneously, measures " heart is pleased " influence to monoamine neurotransmitter content in depression model mice plasma hydrocortisone content and the brain.The result shows that " heart is pleased " each dosage group all can shorten the dead time during the mandatory swimming of mice in various degree, has compared significant statistical significance with matched group.Prompting " heart is pleased " is similar to clinical antidepressant Western medicine desipramine (positive control drug) effect, the effect with tangible antidepressant and anxiety, but desipramine has significant side effects, and " heart is pleased " is without any side effects.
It is generally acknowledged, the content of depressed generation and the interior neurotransmitter of brain such as dopamine, 5-hydroxy tryptamine, norepinephrine is relevant, present studies show that, the cerebrospinal fluid of depressive patients, blood plasma and urocortisol raise, can not suppress hydrocortisone (7) in the blood with dexamethasone, the prompting depression also raises with hydrocortisone substantial connection." heart is pleased " influence to monoamine neurotransmitter content in depression model mice plasma hydrocortisone content and the brain has been measured in this research, the result shows, " heart is pleased " can reduce hydrocortisone content in the depressed animal blood slurry, the content of mouse brain interior NE, 5-HT and metabolite 5-HIAA thereof is raise, and the ratio of 5-HT/5-HIAA is on a declining curve, and prompting " heart is pleased " has activation to 5-HT neuron in the mouse brain.
In sum, our Chinese medicine of being made up of Radix Ginseng, Poria, Rhizoma Acori Graminei, Radix Polygalae that studies show that has tangible antidepressant effect, in its antidepressant effect and the depressed animal blood slurry of its reduction in concentration of cortisol, the rising brain content of NE, 5-HT and metabolite 5-HIAA thereof relevant.
Embodiment 2 hearts are pleased the depressed clinical impression of treatment and are observed
1, diagnostic criteria
Object is from the Neurology Department psychology consultation clinic, and we adopt Zung self-appraisal depression scale (SDS) and self-appraisal depressive symptom self-appraisal scale (Wakefield table), and evaluation once before administration.Secondary cases depression person due to the eliminating physical disease is as the object of observation.The same evaluation table of reuse is evaluated once after the administration, and clinical efficacy is by 4 grades of evaluations.
The patient has 16 examples, male's 11 examples, and women's 5 examples, 21~52 years old age, the people of schooling junior middle schools 4,3 people of senior middle school, above 9 people of junior college do blood, routine urinalysis, liver, renal function and Electrocardioscopy before the treatment.
2, method:
After seeking advice from, patient promptly stops using other antidepressant drug 7 days, take " heart is pleased " water decoction (Radix Ginseng 1-9g, Poria 3-12g, stone Chang 1-6g, Radix Polygalae 0.5-2g) then, 1 dose of decoction day takes 2 times, take medicine and carry out Zung self-appraisal depression scale (SDS) and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) scoring after 4 weeks, and do blood, routine urinalysis, liver, renal function and Electrocardioscopy.
3, therapeutic outcome
Recovery from illness: mental symptom all disappears, and emotion is optimistic, and insight recovers; Produce effects: mental symptom disappears substantially, and insight is most of to be recovered; Effectively: mental symptom is improved substantially, and insight partly recovers; Invalid: mental symptom does not have improvement.Among the 16 routine patients, 11 examples of fully recovering, produce effects 3 examples, effective 1 example, invalid 1 example; Obvious effective rate 87.5%, effective percentage 93.8%.
The scale scoring:
SDS scoring: be 45.92 ± 3.9 before the treatment; Treatment back 35.43 ± 9.33, the scoring of treatment back significantly descends; Wakefield shows scoring: being 23.68 ± 5.72 before the treatment, is 13.55 ± 3.95 after the treatment, and the scoring of treatment back significantly descends.
Untoward reaction
After taking medicine, the patient do not see obvious adverse reaction.
Model case:
The patient * * *, man, 20 years old, the sophomore, during senior middle school and the classmate quarrel and fight noisily after head collided, headache, giddy appear, nervous, insomnia, suspect own head angiorrhexis, occur anorexia, depressed, school grade decline then, row Zung self-appraisal depression scale (SDS) scoring 45 minutes, nervous system and the internal medicine no abnormality seen of having a medical check-up, every inspections such as Cranial Computed Tomography inspection, electrocardio, brain electricity are all normal, got rid of organic disease, and clinical diagnosis is a depression.Take " heart please " water decoction, take 2 times 1 dose of decoction day, take medicine 4 week the back above-mentioned symptoms obviously alleviate, carrying out Zung self-appraisal depression scale (SDS) scoring is 23 minutes, depressive symptom is obviously alleviated, and carries out blood, routine urinalysis, liver, renal function and Electrocardioscopy no abnormality seen.
4, discuss
At present, clinically had multiple effective antidepressant, still, still had 1/3 patient effect very undesirable approximately, and it is obvious to take toxic and side effects for a long time.For example, effective although desipramine is treated depression clinically, tangible asthenia also appears, calm and cholinolytic activity side effect such as (causing xerostomia, forgetful).Therefore, seek antidepressant imperative novel, low toxicity.Based on Chinese medicine compound clinical experience in thousand and its homogeneity of curing the disease and globality, Chinese medicine compound may have unique antidepressant effect.
Theory of Chinese medical science is thought " The heart controls mental activities, excess of the heart is then liked, have a guilty conscience then sad ", and depressed and anxiety are all relevant with the mind, the motive, painstaking effort." heart please " prescription is followed the Therapeutic Principle of the traditional Chinese medical science about " emotional disorder " fully: " reinforcing the heart of nourishing blood, tranquilizing the mind, waking up the patient from unconsciousness by clearing away phlegm " and decide.The medicine that has benefiting qi and nourishing blood to calm the nerves in " heart please " side has heart-spleen boosting and the medicine of mind tranquilizing and the heart calming, and having eliminates the phlegm has one's ideas straightened out and the medicine of mind tranquilizing and the heart calming, happy hole is arranged and the medicine of mind tranquilizing and the heart calming, and this prescription has embodied Chinese medicine compound multi-level, many target spots of curing the disease, inherent relevant characteristics.
This clinical experiment adopts Zung self-appraisal depression scale to investigate the antidepressant effect of " heart is pleased ".The result shows that depression, anxiety symptom that " heart is pleased " causes for a variety of causes have obvious effects, and without any side effects.