CN1488467A - Glass product and method for detecting matter charateristic in said product - Google Patents

Glass product and method for detecting matter charateristic in said product Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1488467A
CN1488467A CNA031439047A CN03143904A CN1488467A CN 1488467 A CN1488467 A CN 1488467A CN A031439047 A CNA031439047 A CN A031439047A CN 03143904 A CN03143904 A CN 03143904A CN 1488467 A CN1488467 A CN 1488467A
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China
Prior art keywords
product
glass
focal length
local deformaton
distortion
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Granted
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CNA031439047A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN100333870C (en
Inventor
尤拉・特林克斯
尤拉·特林克斯
・威兹曼
安德烈·威兹曼
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Schott AG
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Schott Glaswerke AG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/06009—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with optically detectable marking
    • G06K19/06046—Constructional details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
    • B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers
    • B44C5/0407—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers containing glass elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44F—SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES
    • B44F1/00—Designs or pictures characterised by special or unusual light effects
    • B44F1/06—Designs or pictures characterised by special or unusual light effects produced by transmitted light, e.g. transparencies, imitations of glass paintings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
    • C03B23/02—Re-forming glass sheets

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
  • Thermal Transfer Or Thermal Recording In General (AREA)

Abstract

Product made from glass or transparent glassy material comprises a surface (100) having a local deformation (102) for a lens. An Independent claim is also included for a process for inspecting a property of a substance in a product made from glass or other transparent glassy material comprising illuminating the product with diffuse light and inspecting the property of the substance with an optical inspection system.

Description

Glassy product and the method that detects material property in this product
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of glassy product or a kind of other product transparent, glass-like materials, and a kind of method that detects the material property of adorning in this type of glassy product.
Background technology
Prior art discloses and has variously identified or the method for mark on glass.For example, can utilize from the transparent film of pasting, have mark and stick on glass and identify or mark; Another method is to utilize laser radiation to identify or mark on glass.
Disclose among the DE4407547C2 and a kind ofly produced the method that its inside contains market object by transparent material; There is a narrow space in described interior of articles, forms the tiny crack (Mikrorisse) of point-like in this space by laser radiation.These tiny cracks have the diameter that can distinguish for bore hole.
WO92/03297 A1 (=DE4126626C2) a kind of similar method is disclosed, in the method, the inner material to be marked of glass object is ionized through laser radiation, thereby also forms similar tiny crack.
WO94/14567 discloses another kind of corresponding method, and this method also is to produce the image of discerning by form partial tiny crack at interior of articles.
In the method for above-mentioned prior art, adopt energy density greater than 10 7W/cm 2Solid statelaser (Nd:YAG).A defective of above-mentioned these methods is to have only specific glass just can react with this type of laser radiation; Another defective is that micro-cracked structure can cause damage to the material property of the glass behind the mark.
WO00/32349A1 and WO00/32531A1 also disclose employing solid statelaser (Nd:YAG) carries out mark for glass method.Thereby these methods avoid forming the tiny crack that may cause glass breakage by selecting laser parameter.But a defective of these methods is that the mark that produces can not be the bore hole finding; Another defective of these methods is for laser beam being focused on glass inside, and the capacity of glass must be enough greatly, or the glass minimum wall thickness (MINI W.) is not less than as 1mm, to avoid crack growth to the surface.
For the wavelength that solid statelaser produced, glass is quite transparent (being that optical maser wavelength can be passed glass), in the case, makes still can react to each other or carry out mark, can be at the absorption layer of coating on glass.EP0761377B1 discloses such method, and it for example is the material layer enterprising row labels of the Nd:YAG laser apparatus of 1.06 μ m in coating that this method adopts wavelength.DE4224282A then discloses another kind of corresponding method, and this method is in the enterprising row labels of the special glass that is mixed with metal.
WO95/05286A1 provides a kind of to carry out mark in glass inside and not to change the method for glass surface.For local stress under the surface being guided to about 50 μ m depths, this method has adopted focus place energy density to be at least 6kW/cm 2CO 2Laser apparatus.A defective of this method is that the gained mark can not be the bore hole finding.
In addition, DE3121138C2 also discloses a kind of method of ambetti product.This method adopts a kind of laser beam, the glass material that the beta maximum energy of this light beam can the evaporometer surface layer or the optical clarity of glass is changed.
DE3145278C2 provides another kind of and has utilized laser beam to remove the method for material on the glass surface.This method utilizes the local absorption matrix that laser beam is divided into a plurality of independent light beams.
In addition, DE4132817A1 discloses a kind of method of utilizing laser beam that the glass on some point of pending surface is melted.The method of this removal material has a defective, that is: must use extraction equipment to remove evaporable glass material; And this method can cause damage to material property.
A common defects of aforesaid method is: because laser processing is to carry out under the temperature that is lower than transformation temperature (Transformationstemperatur), in order to discharge The stress of glass, must be before laser processing, add man-hour or the processing back is heat-treated glass.
DE19926878A1 provides a kind of method of utilizing laser beam engraved glass vessel.This method adopts a kind of enamel, and this enamel is made of the composition of vitrifiable matrix and a kind of pigment, and described pigment can react and change the color of described composition under the effect of laser beam.
In addition, WO99/00215A1 disclose a kind of with various known methods be combined as the basis, in glass surface and inner method of carrying out mark.
WO96/10777 discloses a kind of UV of utilization laser radiation and has carried out the method for mark at glass surface, but can only form the microtexture that must just can distinguish by vision aid.
JP09278494A discloses and a kind of glass substrate has been carried out the method for mark, and what this method adopted is the YLF Lasers that wavelength is approximately 262nm.
JP10101379A discloses another and glass has been carried out the method for mark; It is the pulse laser beam of 2300nm that this method adopts wavelength, and each position that need be labeled on glass is applied 3 to 100 secondary actions.
DE3425263A1 has described and has a kind ofly utilized laser radiation that information is write the intravital method of transparent material.By selecting laser spot, information just can be labeled the into different depths the inside of this transparent material.
DE19646331 has described a kind of embossment making method of utilizing the direct mark of laser.This method puts on energy on the substrate by focussed laser beam, forms localized heat and expands, thereby form partial viscous deformation.
DE19646332 discloses a kind of based on laser, in the inner method that forms letter of workpiece.
DE19823257A1 discloses a kind of method, and this method is utilized high-intensity laser pulse, makes the delustring spectrum (Extinktionsspektrum) of the dielectric materials that comprises metal particle produce a kind of certain, permanent variation.This variation excites the surface plasma (Oberflaechenplasmon) of metal particle to form the delustring band by high intensity laser beam and produces.
The Glass Containers of mark can be used for holding liquid, as medicament etc.When usually pharmacy quality being detected, medicament is placed in the Glass Containers.Be useful on the optical detection apparatus that carries out this quality examination in the prior art, this optical detection apparatus can be used for measuring automatically the quantity of particulate in the per unit volume liquid, maybe can be used for detecting other attribute.The defective of Glass Containers is that mark on the Glass Containers can make optical detection go wrong in the prior art, even detection can't be carried out.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of glassy product of improvement or a kind of by other product transparent, that glass-like materials is made.In addition, the present invention also aims to provide method a kind of improvement, that detect the material property that is positioned at glassy product.
Purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the feature of each independent claim, and dependent claims have then provided preferred embodiment.
In the present invention, glassy product or by other product transparent, that glass-like materials is made is by carrying out mark at a place of this product surface or the local deformaton of many places; And each or whole local deformaton all can have the effect of lens.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, aforesaid local deformaton has the annular of being essentially border on glass surface.According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, described local deformaton has on glass surface and is essentially oval-shaped border.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, realize the information coding is write in the local deformaton by focal length.It can be the corresponding focal length of a local deformaton that the coding of information writes, and also can be the corresponding a plurality of different focal lengths of identical local deformaton, or the corresponding a plurality of different focal lengths of a plurality of local deformaton.And the distance between each distortion also can be used for information is encoded.
Another preferred implementation according to the present invention is described, and local deformaton can form the lens of spherical form or cylinder form, and its diameter is 0.5mm to the maximum, is preferably to be lower than 0.3mm.Be advisable to be lower than 0.1mm with the distortion of the glass surface profile of Surface Vertical, preferably be lower than 0.05mm.
Another preferred implementation according to the present invention is described, and lip-deep one or more local deformatons produce when producing glassy product, for example in tube-pulling apparatus.Like this, produce the treatment step that glass just can omit special additional marking afterwards.
Preferably, the local deformaton on surface can form like this: at first, select a mark position along drawing process on its surface in tube-pulling apparatus, the glass temperature of this position is higher than the transformation temperature of glass; Then, utilize laser pulse to apply effect, thereby on glass surface, form mark on glass.
In addition, even under the high temperature of producing Glass tubing, the present invention still can produce apparent mark, and can not produce tiny crack simultaneously.Marking operation and production process may in conjunction with, make this already present high temperature method described by the present invention to utilize, and if there is no these are higher than the high temperature of transformation temperature, so just must form such high temperature in the course of processing subsequently.
A special advantage of the present invention is that it can be contained in the successive production process, and can not postpone production process or it is caused disadvantageous effect.
Another advantage of the present invention is to form the mark of low-stress on the surface, and can not produce tiny crack, and therefore, the material property of the glassy product of producing can not be adversely affected because of mark processing.In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, laser beam is controlled, made it in very short time, keep maximum power.From this respect, in order reduce to import the stress of glass to greatest extent, the selection of maximum power should be depended on the physical parameter of glass, as the thermal expansivity of glass and thermal conductivity etc.
This pure thermal interaction is enough to satisfy the needs that apply witness marking at glass surface, because the residing temperature of glass to be marked is higher than transformation temperature, thereby deals with and is more prone to.Correspondingly, apply mark and only need relatively low laser power.
A preferred embodiment of the present invention has adopted the quasi-continuous CO of pulse 2Laser beam by adopting different laser beam pulses/spacing rations, just can be stamped the permanent marks of different pattern through the glass surface of laser, as point, stroke or line etc.
The Controlling System that produces laser beam can advantageously be connected on the measuring system, and this makes and can carry out mark to the glass that those metering facilitys by quality monitoring detect associated disadvantages.For example, if this metering facility detects glass defect, as bubble, projection etc., metering facility will send corresponding signal to the electronic controls of laser, so mark has been made on the surface of the corresponding position on the material, these are marked at both can be used to refer in subsequently the production process must take necessary aftertreatment measure, also can be used for rejecting corresponding product.
Can also make bore hole can't see mark by selecting the burst length and/or the maximum power rank of laser beam, but can only just can observe by using microscope or polariscope.Mark also can do the imaging bar code such can be machine-readable form.
Use method of the present invention, add the mark that to palm off, can prevent the product personation to glass.Equally, also can use method of the present invention to add ATTACH LABEL, logo (logo) or other necessary product marking to glass, prevent the purpose of palming off to reach, can not destroy the material property of glass simultaneously, and labeling process is combined among the production process.
Because method of the present invention is contactless marking method, when therefore relevant device being installed, can install separately, its production unit with other is separated, this just gives additional benefit of the present invention, that is: maintenance requirement is low, can adopt easy, portable marking arrangement.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the coded message in the product reads by optical system, the distance on this systematic survey surface between the local deformaton and/or the focal length of local deformaton.The measured data of decoding can obtain corresponding information.
Need not the deposition of material during mark, this is a remarkable advantage of the present invention.In addition, can not cause tiny crack when forming local deformaton, also can not cause negative impact or produce mechanical tension, can avoid use can cause the splitter (Splitter) or the chip of tiny crack like this to mechanical stability.
Therefore, such marking operation can not influence the material property of glass structure or glass.Be to observe mark, still rely on optical detection apparatus to observe mark, depend on used intensity of laser beam by bore hole.And deformation process (Umformprozess) or firepower are polished (Feuer-politur) can remove mark with no damage.DE4132817 provides a kind of treatment process of removing mark.In the method, the part on surface is equal to the effect of the energy through laser radiation or other, and the glass on surface is by local melting.
The present invention can combine glass marker processing with production process, such as in tube-pulling apparatus (Rohrziehanlage).The pipe that tube-pulling apparatus produces is through further being processed into glassware.In this production process, can before taking out, read mark at pipe to small part.
Adopt product of the present invention, also be particularly conducive to and detect material (as the liquid) attribute that is positioned at glassy product.Use scattered light to throw light on and to reduce the lens effect that local deformaton produces.When using the material in the optical detection Equipment Inspection glassy product, can adopt scattered light irradiation glassy product, to detect the attribute of its inner material of being adorned.For example, this method can be measured the quantity of particulate in the certain volume.
Based on the lens effect of local deformaton, the visibility of mark is different because of different lighting systems.If use parallel incident beam, the visibility of mark increases; If use scattered beam, the visibility of mark reduces.
Brief Description Of Drawings
Below, explained preferred implementation of the present invention in greater detail with reference to the attached drawings, wherein:
The synoptic diagram of local deformaton on the surface of Fig. 1 glassy product;
Fig. 2 uses the inventive method formed mark on the glassy product surface;
The shape synoptic diagram of used laser pulse when Fig. 3 forms mark on glass surface;
Be used on Fig. 4 glass surface coded message various local deformatons synoptic diagram;
Pulse/the spacing ration of the quasi-continuous lasing bundle of used generation local deformaton in Fig. 5 tube-pulling apparatus;
Fig. 6 forms the tube-pulling apparatus of local deformaton at glass surface;
The schema of detection material attribute in Fig. 7 an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 has the mark of annular local deformaton;
The annular local deformaton that Fig. 9 is independent.
Among the above-mentioned figure, each Reference numeral implication is:
Glass material 01
Draw direction 02
Metering facility 03
Lead 04
Drive unit 05
Laser apparatus 06
Laser head 07
Refrigerating unit 08
High frequency electric source 09
Focusing optics 10
Camera lens flushing arrangement 11
Drawing machine 12
Pipe 13
Aftertreatment 14
Input unit 15
Coding device 16
Surface 100
Local deformaton 102
Oval border 104
Geometrical axis 106
Geometrical axis 108
Width 110
The shape 112 of similar lens
The shape 114 of similar lens
The degree of depth 116
Surface 400
Local deformaton 402
Local deformaton 404
Local deformaton 406
Local deformaton 408
Annular boundary 410
Diameter 412
Annular boundary 414
Diameter 416
Annular boundary 418
Diameter 420
Oval border 424
Principal direction 426
The shape 428 of similar lens
The shape 430 of similar lens
The shape 432 of similar lens
The shape 434 of similar lens
Distance 436
Distance 438
Distance 440
Surface 800
Local deformaton 802
Embodiment
Fig. 1 has shown a kind of surface 100 of glassy product, and local deformaton 102 is positioned on the surface 100, and this local deformaton 102 has an oval-shaped border 104 on surface 100.
Oval border 104 has geometrical axis 106 and 108; Along on the geometrical axis 108, the width of local deformaton 102 (or minor axis diameter) 110 is preferably and is not more than 0.5mm, is more preferably to be lower than 0.3mm.
Fig. 1 has also shown along the cross-sectional view on the surface 100 of geometrical axis 108.Shown in this cross-sectional view, local deformaton 102 has the shape 112 of similar lens, and it has specific focal length along axle 108.
In addition, Fig. 1 has shown also that along the sectional view of geometrical axis 106 on this direction, local deformaton 102 has the shape 114 of similar lens, and its focal length is big slightly.
The full depth 116 of local deformaton 102 is advisable to be lower than 0.1mm, preferably is lower than 0.05mm.Local deformaton 102 can be arbitrarily along the length on the geometrical axis 106.Because lens effect, the visibility of the mark that local deformaton 102 forms is different with the difference of lighting system.If incident beam is substantially parallel, then lens effect is the most high-visible; If adopt scattered beam, then lens effect more or less decreases.
In addition, use optical device can measure the shape 112 of similar lens and 114 focal length.Preferred mode is: by selecting focal length information is encoded, and this information can be read by the focal length of measuring is decoded.
The preferred method that forms local deformaton 102 on surface 100 is: glass temperature is risen to be higher than transformation temperature, use laser pulse that glass surface 100 is applied effect then; This laser pulse shock surface 100 forms local deformaton 102.
This process is preferably in the tube-pulling apparatus carries out.If the direction basically identical of the direction of motion of tube-pulling apparatus and geometrical axis 106, the Glass tubing in the tube-pulling apparatus has determined the width of local deformaton 102 along geometrical axis 106 with respect to the speed of laser so.To introduce in more detail below.
Fig. 2 has shown a single marking magnification ratio, that form by laser pulse on glass surface.Form this mark, at first will rise to the transformation temperature that is higher than glass to the temperature of glass to be marked, greatly about 500-600 ℃, because of the type of glass different.When labeling process combined with the glass production process, corresponding laser marking equipment was installed in the position of glass process, and the mark temperature of this position must be higher than the transformation temperature of glass.
To glass surface temperature capping to be marked, except that can forming the visible mark, avoid glass surface and laser to produce other interaction.
Therefore, the laser pulse of ejaculation and the interaction of glass surface are heat effect, can not cause the physics or the chemical transformation of glass material.Especially, can avoid the ionization or the formation tiny crack of glass material basically.
Mark lengths shown in Figure 2 is 1.3mm.Oval mark be by glassy phase to be marked for the laser source motion and forms, thereby the speed of moving and the length of laser pulse have determined oval length.
Fig. 3 has shown the temporal correlation of corresponding laser pulse.Laser pulse has a rise time t AnAfter the rise time, laser reaches maximum power, uses P in Fig. 3 PeakExpression; After laser energy reaches maximum, descend immediately, reduce to 0 in fall time in the tab again.
When selecting maximum power Ppeak, preferably except heat effect, other effect does not take place on pending surface and the product.Therefore, the physical parameter of glass to be marked is depended in the selection of maximum power Ppeak, i.e. the thermal expansivity of glass and thermal conductivity etc.In this respect, also can consider the chemical property of glass.
Rise time tan preferably so selects, and it is minimum promptly to reach the used time of maximum power Ppeak.The minimum asynchronism(-nization) that different laser is used.The selection of laser parameter (as pulse width, recurrent interval) depends on and wants the labeling pattern that obtains, for example lines length of mark etc.
Reach after the maximum power Ppeak, the input laser energy interrupt immediately, make laser pulse work output with fall time tab reduce to 0 again; Similarly, fall time, tab was a kind of parameter by the equipment decision.When using CO2 laser, rising and fall time can be respectively 50 to 60 μ s, form the pulse width tpulse of about 100 to 120 μ s.But, also can select the longer burst length, as tpulse=300 or longer.
By adopting a plurality of connections and eclipsed laser pulse, can form the successive coding line from the teeth outwards.This coding line has the substantially invariable degree of depth and keeps.Also can utilize laser pulse sequence to come modulation depth, thereby in coding line, deposit information in.By measuring depth profile and the demodulation on the coding line, the just information that can recover to deposit in.
Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram of another embodiment of glassy product of the present invention.This glassy product has surface 400 and local deformaton 402,404,406 and 408.
Local deformaton 402 has annular boundary 410 on surface 400.Annular boundary 410 has diameter 412.Local deformaton 404 has annular boundary 414, and its diameter is represented with 416; Local deformaton 406 has annular boundary 418, and its diameter is represented with 420.One preferred embodiment in, diameter 420 is roughly the same with diameter 412.
Local deformaton 408 is corresponding to the local deformaton in the preferred implementation shown in Figure 1 102.The oval border 424 of local deformaton 408 is corresponding to the oval border 104 of Fig. 1.
Local deformaton 402 to 408 on the surface 400 is arranged on the principal direction (Vorzugsrich-tung) 426.This principal direction 426 is surface 400 direction of relative movement with respect to laser in tube-pulling apparatus.
In addition, Fig. 4 gives along the sectional view of principal direction 426.From sectional view, local deformaton 402 has the shape 428 of similar lens, and local deformaton 404 has the shape 430 of similar lens, and local deformaton 406 has the shape 432 of similar lens, and local deformaton 408 has the shape 434 of similar lens.
By the shape 428 of similar lens, can define the particular focal length of local deformaton 402.The shape 432 of similar lens is basic identical with the shape 428 of similar lens, thereby its focal length is identical.
The shape 430 of similar lens has quite low radius-of-curvature, so focal length is bigger.Local deformaton 408 has two kinds of different focal lengths, that is: by the focal length of shape 434 decision of similar lens, and another focal length (seeing also the similar lens shape 112 of Fig. 1) that draws by the similar lens shape of local deformaton 408 in vertical direction.
Local deformaton 402 is represented with 436 with the distance of local deformaton 404; Distance between the local deformaton 404 and 406 is 438; Distance between the local deformaton 406 and 408 is 440.
If suitably the length of chosen distance 436,438,440 and the focal length of local deformaton 402 to 408 can write a kind of information through coding or un-encoded in the surface 400.
Writing coded message will can make up information distribution or single focal length to focal length-spacing or focal length by suitable coding method on the surface; Then, with pulse laser surface 400 is applied effect, this pulse laser will be implemented control corresponding, so that produce the local deformaton corresponding to coded message on surface 400.
Fig. 5 is when laser head is passed through with specific draw speed in surface 400, the temporal correlation synoptic diagram of the laser pulse that laser head is emitted.The shape of these pulses is corresponding with laser pulse shown in Figure 3.Along with pulse width t PulseVariation, formed the different local deformatons that the different boundary profile is arranged on the surface.
Spacing between the mark lines that glass surface forms can be with pulse distance t PauseCycle change and change.
Fig. 6 is the device of continuous production glass or Glass tubing (for example in tube-pulling apparatus).Here can adopt US1,218,598 described Dan Na (Danner) methods.In addition, can also adopt Vello method, A-Zug method (DE-AS1025581 is described) or other glass stretching method.
In tube-pulling apparatus, glass material 1 is pressed the speed basic translation of direction to set of arrow 2, and draw speed is lower than 6 meter per seconds, preferably about 4 meter per seconds.
In the tube-pulling apparatus of Fig. 6, after the Glass tubing that is made of glass material 1 is drawn out, at first by metering facility 3.Metering facility 3 is used to check one or more attributes of glass material 1, and other the irregular situation as bubble, projection or glass material also can be used for checking defective, or checks other attribute.Can on the glass original tape, arrange this metering facility easily in the position of 400 ℃ of points.If laser labelling is used for the mark defective, laser must be positioned at along the position in draw direction metering facility downstream.
If do not follow certain test condition, metering facility 3 will send corresponding signal to the drive unit 5 of laser apparatus 6 by lead 4.
Except drive unit 5, laser apparatus 6 also comprises CO 2Laser head 7, suitable cooling apparatus 8 and high frequency electric source 9.After being activated the triggering of device 5, laser head 7 generates CO 2Laser pulse, and be mapped to glass material 1 by focusing optics 10.
Focusing optics 10 comprises a camera lens rinser 11 facing to the one side of glass material, and it is not described in detail in Fig. 6.In the embodiment at this place, the laser beam that is penetrated by laser head 7 the temperature of position of ballistic glass material 1 be approximately 600 ℃, be higher than the transformation temperature of glass material 1.
In the ensuing parts of tube-pulling apparatus, the temperature of glass material 1 continues to drop to 400 ℃ and 200 ℃ respectively.In the rear end of tube-pulling apparatus drawing machine 12 is arranged, drawing machine 12 makes glass material 1 do desired translational movement.In the downstream of drawing machine 12, the glass material that is drawn out divides in the inlet pipe 13, if need, can handle in aftertreatment 14
The drive unit 5 control laser heads 7 of laser apparatus 6 make glass material 1 in the pipe of pulling out through the out-of-date effect that stands laser pulse, and it only causes heat effect basically on glass material 1 surface, and this is in front to existing mentioning in the description of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.The definite position of mark is by focusing optics 10 decisions.
Among the embodiment shown in Figure 6, the operating distance on the position of focusing optics 10 and glass material 1 surface is about 63.5mm.Because the degree of depth of radiation focus point has a scope, trombone slide displacement meeting causes the deviation of desirable focus, as long as for example be lower than ± 1mm, just can ignore.
The direct air-flow of camera lens rinser 11 usefulness flushing focusing optics 10 is to avoid the aggregation lens of making dirty such as cullet.
The laser parameter of drive unit 5 can so be set, as with pulse width t Pulse(see figure 2) is made as 60 μ s, and pulse-repetition is made as 10kHz.Maximum power can be about 200W, and corresponding mean power is 120W.Because draw speed is approximately 4m/s, the lines that utilize size to be approximately 0.25 * 0.1mm form mark, and each lines is approximately 0.4mm in glass material 1 lip-deep distance.
So, in last Glass tubing product 13 or go up the mark that forms in product processed (as ampoule) subsequently and can be the bore hole finding, and need not by vision aid.The projection that this can not cause glass surface can not produce stress or tiny crack yet.Can by heat-treat as ampoule, modes such as (annealing furnace) and thermal shocking test to this, the assay of corresponding product and unmarked product is without any difference.
Focusing optics 10 is carried out suitable design, just can form the mark of any pattern at glass surface, these marks can be product labelling or other any marks (for example mark of doing for production monitoring) of decorative pattern, trade mark, logo, necessity.
In addition, can install laser apparatus 6 and/or focusing optics 10, they are moved with respect to the pipe of pulling out in the tube-pulling apparatus is parallel, laser beam also can be parallel with glass material 1, press the direction of arrow 2 and pass through certain components, thereby can get more complicated patterns on the surface of glass material 1.Like this, optics just might with draw speed move and with the synchronized movement of pipe.
Can choose the use scanner wantonly.After corresponding marking operation was finished, laser apparatus 6 and/or focusing optics 10 were got back to original position once more, waited for new round marking operation.
The control signal that drive unit 5 receives labelling apparatus 16 is optional or a set up function.Wait for that information encoded is sent to input unit 15.Input unit 15 can be a Personal Computer.Coding device 16 also can utilize Personal Computer, as utilizes relevant computer program to wait and realize.
Coding device 16 can utilize the distance between focal length and/or the adjacent local deformaton that information is encoded.Distance between focal length and the local deformaton is corresponding to specific pulse sequence, and the pulse of these pulse sequences has pulse width t PulseWith pulse distance t Pause, can form corresponding local deformaton at glass surface.
Fig. 7 is the description to a kind of applicable cases of product of the present invention.Step 700 is that (as prior figures 6 described tube-pulling apparatus) produce product according to the method described in the present invention.In process of production, by local deformaton coded message (as product information etc.) is write in the glassy product.
In step 702, pour into a kind of liquid in the glassy product, as medicament etc.
In step 704, throw light on this liquid to detect its attribute by scattered beam.Can reduce the lens effect of local deformaton on the glassy product surface as the scattered beam of lighting source.
In step 706, utilize optical detection apparatus detecting liquid attribute.Local deformaton can not caused disadvantageous effect to the operation of optical detection apparatus on the glass surface, and this is a remarkable advantage.
In step 708, the user can read coded message from glassy product.The purpose of information is read in realization must measure the focal length of local deformaton on the glass surface.Result after decoding is measured in step 710, and the back information output of will decoding.Can finish decoding and output information by Personal Computer.
In Fig. 8, the surface 800 of glassy product has local deformaton 802, and the spacing of these local deformatons is 2.13mm.Local deformaton 802 has near the annular border, thereby has the effect of sphere lens.
In a preferred embodiment, utilizing output rating is the relevant CO of 30 Watt, 350 K 2Laser is made local deformaton 802.The speed of Glass tubing in tube-pulling apparatus is 2.47m/s; Under T=510 ℃ temperature, surface 800 is carried out laser pulse and is handled.
Fig. 9 is the enlarged view of single local deformaton 802.The diameter of local deformaton 802 is approximately 0.4mm.

Claims (14)

1, a kind of by glass or other product transparent, that glass-like materials is made, this product has surface (100; 400; 800); It is characterized in that: have at least one local deformaton that can realize lens effect (102 on the described surface; 402,404,406,408; 802); Wherein, by the focal length of selecting described at least one local deformaton information encoded in into described at least one local deformaton.
2, product as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described lip-deep described distortion has the annular of being essentially border (410,414,418; 802).
3, product as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described lip-deep described distortion has and is essentially oval-shaped border (104; 424).
4, product as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described distortion forms as coding line, and wherein, information is modulated to be advanced in the depth profile of coding line.
5, as the described product of one of above-mentioned claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: described distortion is a reversible, can adopt firepower to polish and be removed.
6, as the described product of one of above-mentioned claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: described distortion has at least one first focal length, wherein, by selecting described at least one first focal length information is encoded.
7, product as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: described distortion also has second focal length, wherein, by selecting described first focal length and second focal length information is encoded.
8, as the described product of one of above-mentioned claim 1-7, it is characterized in that: this product has a plurality of local deformatons, between described a plurality of distortion spacing is arranged, and wherein, by selecting described spacing information is encoded.
9, as the described product of one of above-mentioned claim 1-8, it is characterized in that: this product has first local deformaton that has first focal length and second focal length at least and has trifocal second local deformaton, wherein, between described first distortion and described second distortion spacing is arranged, information is encoded by selecting described first, second and third focal length and this spacing.
10, as the described product of one of above-mentioned claim 1-9, it is characterized in that: described lens effect is equivalent to the effect of sphere or cylindrical lens basically.
11, as the described product of one of above-mentioned claim 1-10, it is characterized in that: with principal direction (106; 426) width of vertical described distortion (110) is lower than 0.5mm, preferably is lower than 0.3mm.
12, as the described product of one of above-mentioned claim 1-11, it is characterized in that: the degree of depth of described distortion (112) is 0.1mm to the maximum, preferably is 0.05mm to the maximum.
13, a kind of method that detects by glass or other material property transparent, in the formed product of glass-like materials is characterized in that: the surface (100 of described product; 400; 800) has at least one local deformaton that can realize lens effect (102; 402,404,406,408; 802), this method may further comprise the steps:
-use scattered beam that described product is thrown light on;
-use the optical detection system that the material property in the described product is detected.
14, glassware is characterized in that as the purposes of information carrier: the glass surface of described glassware has a plurality of local deformatons, and each local deformaton all has lens effect; Wherein, by selecting the focal length of described lens effect, and information is encoded in the into described local deformaton.
CNB031439047A 2002-07-25 2003-07-25 Glass product and method for detecting matter charateristic in said product Expired - Fee Related CN100333870C (en)

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