CN1485172A - Principal axis device - Google Patents
Principal axis device Download PDFInfo
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- CN1485172A CN1485172A CNA031533116A CN03153311A CN1485172A CN 1485172 A CN1485172 A CN 1485172A CN A031533116 A CNA031533116 A CN A031533116A CN 03153311 A CN03153311 A CN 03153311A CN 1485172 A CN1485172 A CN 1485172A
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- Prior art keywords
- main shaft
- aforementioned
- gas
- guide rod
- housing structure
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 46
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 206010015856 Extrasystoles Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010000060 Abdominal distension Diseases 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000024330 bloating Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001815 facial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
- F16C32/0629—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion
- F16C32/064—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion the liquid being supplied under pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
- B23Q1/26—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members
- B23Q1/38—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members using fluid bearings or fluid cushion supports
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
- F16C32/0681—Construction or mounting aspects of hydrostatic bearings, for exclusively rotary movement, related to the direction of load
- F16C32/0696—Construction or mounting aspects of hydrostatic bearings, for exclusively rotary movement, related to the direction of load for both radial and axial load
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2322/00—Apparatus used in shaping articles
- F16C2322/39—General buildup of machine tools, e.g. spindles, slides, actuators
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
- Turning (AREA)
Abstract
A bottomed hole opened to an end part on the opposite side to the holding side of a drill is formed around a rotation axis of the spindle. A center guide provided with a plurality of air supply holes of a journal gas bearing at the outer periphery is fitted to the bottomed hole and supported to a housing. Compressed air is blasted from the air supply holes to support the spindle radially from the center side. Since the spindle of such constitution can reduce mass, natural frequency is heightened to obtain structure causing no unstable phenomenon even if rotated at high speed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to possess the main shaft that at one end has the mechanism that keeps cutter and can rotate the main shaft device of the gas bearing mechanism that supports this main shaft freely.
Background technique
Fig. 5 is the sectional view of the main shaft device in the printed base plate perforator of representing always.In the figure, on the front end of the main shaft 1 in being contained in housing 10 (underpart of figure), form female cone face 1t.That is to say that main shaft 1 has along axial formed blind hole 7, on the core of the bottom surface of this blind hole 7, form and connect axial through hole.And the internal surface of this through hole becomes the above-mentioned conical surface 1t in forward end (downside of figure) hole enlargement.In addition, on the periphery of collet 2, form the male cone (strobilus masculinus) face 2t that has with the same angle of conical surface 1t.On the core of collet 2, the hole 4 that drill bit (cutter) 3 is engaged is set along connecting with extending axially.Collet 2 have from conical surface 2t to the hole 4 ground, and become a plurality of undercut groove (not shown)s that the equal angles compartment of terrain forms in a circumferential direction.
In addition, in interior all sides of main shaft 1,, supporting bar 5 via guide sleeve 6 in the rear end side (upside of figure) of collet 2.Bar 5 is fixed, is being supported with the form of the center hole that is matched with guide sleeve 6.Between the bottom surface 7a and guide sleeve 6 of formed blind hole 7 on the internal surface of main shaft 1, compression is being provided with the belleville spring 8 that collet 2 is loaded to the top of figure.And, closely contacting with conical surface 1t by conical surface 2t, collet 2 keeps drill bit 3 by the frictional force between hole 4 internal surfaces and drill bit 3 surfaces to the internal diameter direction resiliently deformable and closure strongly.
In housing 10, the hole 11 that cooperates main shaft 1 freely can be slided and rotate to formation.Axial central part in this hole 11 forms accommodation section 11b to the external diameter direction with bloating, with this accommodation section 11b in the position of rotor 9 subtends on disposing coil (stator) 12.Coil 12 is connected in unillustrated inverter power supply.
On the part in the face of the hole 11 in the housing 10, to radially, and the compartment of terrain of reserving regulation on the axes O direction is provided with a plurality of air vents 13 (gas spraying hole) that comprised in the orifice restriction profile shaft neck pneumatic bearing.The direction of air vent 13 ejection gases (being pressurized air here) is the direction vertical with axes O, in illustrated occasion, respectively disposes two row up and down respectively at coil 12.Below, the axle journal pneumatic bearing of 13 groups of the air vents that possesses the downside that is disposed at coil 12 is called pneumatic bearing A, the axle journal pneumatic bearing of 13 groups of the air vents that possesses the upside that is disposed at coil 12 is called pneumatic bearing B.Air vent 13 is connected to the 1st supplying mouth 14.
11 the forward end in the hole (downside of figure) is provided with the axle accommodation section 11c and can be contained in the formed annular recessed portion 11d in 11c ground, this accommodation section to flange 1f that the forward end of main shaft 1 is accommodated in rotation freely.With this annular recessed portion 11d in the upper and lower surface of flange 1f subtend on, form a plurality of air vents 15 in a circumferential direction.These a plurality of air vent 15 air feed directions are respectively to the axes O direction, and possess thrust pneumatic bearing C with the form that is connected in the 2nd air supply opening 16.
One end of push rod 20 (upper end of figure) is fixed in the piston 22 of bigeminy.The piston 22 of bigeminy is disposed in the chamber 11a of bigeminy of the cylinder portion that constitutes the top be disposed at housing 10.The the formed the 3rd and the 4th supplying mouth 23,24 is communicated in chamber 11a respectively on housing 10.Spring 25 supplies to the compressed-air actuated occasion of supplying mouth 24 in thereby blocking-up former because of certain, and prevention piston 22 falls and push rod 20 is contacted with bar 5.
Next, the action of the main shaft device always with above-mentioned formation is described.Supply with pressurized air from supplying mouth 23, piston 22 is descended.So along with the decline push rod 20 of piston 22 moves and catch bar 5 to the below of figure, the loading force that overcomes belleville spring 8 makes collet 2 move to the below of figure.
Whereby, the conical surface 2t one of collet 2 leaves conical surface 1t, and then collet 2 is opened because the power to the internal diameter directive effect of collet 2 disappears, so can take out drill bit 3 from collet 2 under this state.Then, behind another drill bit 3 insertion collets 2, stop to supply to supplying mouth 24, piston 22 is risen to the compressed-air actuated supply of supplying mouth 23 and pressurized air.Move to the top of figure with this push rod 20 1, the loading force of belleville spring 8 is collet 2 closures with regard to making conical surface 2t crimping conical surface 1t, borrow this drill bit 3 to remain in main shaft 1 powerfully.
Then, pressurized air is supplied to supplying mouth 14,16.So main shaft 1 is by the function of pneumatic bearing A, B, the axis that makes its axis and hole 11 is radial support as one man, and leans on the function of thrust pneumatic bearing C to support in the axes O direction.Under this state, if to coil 12 supplying electric currents, then in rotor 9, rotate moment of torsion, main shaft 1 rotation by the magnetic field that takes place in the coil 12.
Then, housing 10 is moved along the axes O direction, by drill bit 3 operative workpieces by unillustrated mechanism.
In recent years, the needs of the perforate of the very small diameter below 0.1mm processing have increased.In order to process the hole of very small diameter efficiently, the rotating speed that improves main shaft is effective.And the occasion making the main shaft high speed rotating that adopts pneumatic bearing exists the natural frequency that improves main shaft as far as possible, avoids taking place on the main shaft necessity of the excessive distinctive wild effects of pneumatic bearing such as vibration.
In order to improve the natural frequency of main shaft, alleviating main shaft weight is effectively, in this occasion, and the two kinds of methods of method that can consider to reduce the method for outside dimension and shorten total length.
But, if reduce the outside dimension of main shaft, then because reduce, so exist the danger that makes generation wild effect when the main shaft high speed rotating with the bearing rigidity (bearing intensity) when the pneumatic bearing supporting spindle.In addition, in order to shorten the total length of main shaft, though the distance between the row of the air vent 13 of shortening formation pneumatic bearing A, B, perhaps only disposing a certain side of pneumatic bearing A, B necessitates, but no matter in any occasion, all because the above-mentioned bearing rigidity that pneumatic bearing causes reduces, so exist the danger that makes generation wild effect when the main shaft high speed rotating.
Summary of the invention
Therefore the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of is to make the main shaft high speed rotating improve work capacity person, and the bearing rigidity ground that does not reduce pneumatic bearing again constitutes, thereby solves the main shaft device of above-mentioned the problems of the prior art.
In order to solve above-mentioned problem, the present invention is characterized in that in the main shaft device that possesses main shaft that the cutter retaining mechanism is at one end arranged and rotation support this main shaft freely to housing structure gas bearing mechanism,
On aforementioned main shaft, along axially forming hollow portion from aforementioned end to end,
On aforementioned housing structure, possess at least the integrated radial ground of aforementioned main shaft is supported, along extending axially of aforementioned main shaft plugged in the guide rod member of aforementioned hollow portion, aforementioned gas bearing mechanism supports aforementioned main shaft by the gas that sprays from this gas spraying hole at the gas spraying hole that forms and have the space ejection gas between the inner peripheral surface of this outer circumferential face and aforementioned main shaft on the outer circumferential face of aforementioned guide rod member with inner circumferential surface.
If use the present invention, then can be by the axle journal pneumatic bearing that possesses the gas spraying hole at supporting spindle reliably radially, simplify air bearing structure and make the main shaft total length than always short and make it weight reduction, can improve the natural frequency of main shaft.Thereby, do not reduce pneumatic bearing bearing rigidity and can be both stably supporting spindle make it high speed rotating, improve work capacity.In addition, with this, can seek the miniaturization of device.
In this occasion, if aforementioned guide rod member overall fixed is then more effective in aforementioned housing structure.
In addition, moving axially of aforementioned main shaft propped up the push rod that is held in aforementioned housing structure and can makes aforementioned cutter retaining mechanism action freely if aforementioned guide rod member constitutes double as, then more effective.
In addition, also can constitute and also possess the gas spraying hole that has at the space ejection gas of formation on the inner peripheral surface of aforementioned housing structure between the outer circumferential face of this inner peripheral surface and aforementioned main shaft, by from the gas of this gas spraying hole ejection the gas bearing mechanism of aforementioned main shaft with its outer circumferential face support.
In addition, also can constitute and also possess the annular recessed portion that on aforementioned housing structure, forms the annular radial ground expansion of aforementioned main shaft, on aforementioned main shaft, form and be contained in aforementioned annular recessed portion ground, to the annular radial of this main shaft the ring-type teat given prominence to, have on two sides of aforementioned annular recessed portion, form and to the gas spraying hole of the space ejection gas of two sides of aforementioned ring-type teat, by support the gas bearing mechanism of aforementioned main shaft in the axial direction from the gas of this gas spraying hole ejection.
If use the present invention, then owing to have and be disposed at, so there is no need to be provided with the sort of pneumatic bearing B (with reference to Fig. 5) that possesses in always the main shaft device to the axle journal gas bearing of the gas spraying hole (air vent) of the outer circumferential face of the guide rod member of the integrated radial ground of the main shaft at least in housing structure support supporting spindle reliably diametrically.As a result, because the total length of main shaft can alleviate main shaft weight, so the natural frequency of main shaft improves than the amount that always shortens the length that is equivalent to save pneumatic bearing B.Thereby, can not reduce by pneumatic bearing and come bearing rigidity when the supporting spindle, can under the state of supporting spindle stably, make it high speed rotating.In addition, though in the enough big occasion of the bearing rigidity of above-mentioned axle journal gas bearing, the formation of omitting the sort of pneumatic bearing A (with reference to Fig. 5) that possesses in the main shaft device always also becomes possibility, but in this occasion, compare the total length of further shortening main shaft with the formation of only omitting pneumatic bearing B, can further alleviate the weight of main shaft.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sectional view according to the main shaft device of the 1st embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view according to the main shaft device of the 2nd embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view according to the main shaft device of the 3rd embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the sectional view according to the main shaft device of the 4th embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the sectional view of main shaft device always.
Embodiment
Below, based on illustrated embodiment the present invention is described.
(the 1st embodiment)
Fig. 1 is the sectional view according to the main shaft device of the 1st embodiment of the present invention, to having the key element with the same formation of Fig. 5, have same function key element (component part) though but and the slightly different key element (component part) of shape with same function give same label and omit its explanation.
Main shaft device in the present embodiment possesses main shaft 1 that collet (cutter retaining mechanism) 2 is arranged on the end (downside of Fig. 1) and the gas bearing mechanism that can support this main shaft 1 to this housing (housing structure) 10 rotations freely in housing 10.
13 groups of air vents that are disposed at the downside of coil 12 possess in as the pneumatic bearing A of axle journal gas bearing.That is to say, this pneumatic bearing A has and is facing and the inner peripheral surface of the axle accommodation section 11c of housing 10 forms and the air vent 13 of space (axle accommodation section 11c) ejection gas between the outer circumferential face of this inner peripheral surface and main shaft 1, constitute by from the gas of these air vent 13 ejections the gas bearing mechanism of its outer circumferential face support of main shaft 1 usefulness.15 groups of air vents possess in thrust gas bearing C in addition.The main shaft device of the present embodiment does not possess in the main shaft device always illustrated in fig. 5, by 13 crowds of pneumatic bearing B that constituted of air vent of the upside that is disposed at coil 12.
Central authorities' guide rod 30 possesses along the axial region 30a of the chamber 32 of axial formation hollow shape described later and the aforementioned flange part 30b that integrally forms in the rear end side (upside of figure) of this axial region 30a.Central authorities' guide rod 30, its axis and axes O as one man leave the front end of axial region 30a (downside of figure) and are matched with blind hole 7 with gap, and integrally are fixed in housing 10 with the form that flange part 30b is supported in stepped part 10a.That is to say that radial and axial integrally the propping up of 30 pairs of main shafts 1 of central guide rod is held in housing 10, guarantee the reference position of the main shaft 1 that will support with axle journal pneumatic bearing D described later.Two end part at central guide rod 30 form the hole 31 that connects central part vertically and push rod 20 is cooperated sliding freely respectively.Placement diameter is greater than the aforementioned cavity 32 in this hole 31 between the hole 31 and 31 at this external axial region 30a place.
On the outer circumferential face of central guide rod 30 facing to the inner peripheral surface of the main shaft 1 that blind hole 7 is arranged, along the air vent 33 that is possessed among axle journal pneumatic bearing (gas bearing mechanism) D of axes O direction configuration multiple row (illustrated occasion 3 row) orifice restriction type, and in every row, a plurality of air vents 33 along the circumferential direction dispose.That is to say, on the outer circumferential face of the axial region 30a of central guide rod 30, connect and wear a plurality of above-mentioned air vents 33 so that be communicated in chamber 32, these air vents 33 axial region 30a axially on roughly equally spaced every a plurality ofly be provided with in groups.And in each of this air vent group, air vent 33 becomes the equal angles compartment of terrain and is disposing on the circumferencial direction of axial region 30a.The bearing rigidity of above-mentioned axle journal pneumatic bearing D is more than bearing rigidity equal of the pneumatic bearing B shown in Fig. 5.
Above-mentioned push rod 20 possesses minor diameter 20a, large-diameter portion 20b, the flange part 20c that is possessed on the bottom of this large-diameter portion 20b, the protuberance 20d that is possessed on the top of this large-diameter portion 20b, and from the formed intercommunicating pore 34 of the axial upside of overall intermediate portion.Minor diameter 20a forms with hole 31 roughly the same diameters and less than the diameter of chamber 32, so that can slide in the hole 31,31 at central guide rod 30 two ends and chamber 32.Large-diameter portion 20b forms the diameter greater than minor diameter 20a, projects upwards from the flange part 30b of central guide rod 30, is embedded in the center hole 22a of piston 22.Protuberance 20d forms the diameter that is slightly smaller than large-diameter portion 20b, and is outstanding upward from the center hole 22a of piston 22, highlights from the center hole 10b of the topmost part of housing 10.Intercommunicating pore 34, the end of one side are arranged in the intermediate portion of push rod 20 via perforation hole 35 is communicated in chamber 32, and the opposing party's end 36 is connected in unillustrated source of compressed air.Moreover the label 39 among the figure is enclosed within the annular construction member on the protuberance 20d at facial place on the piston 22.
Next, the action of the present embodiment is described.That is to say, if respectively pressurized air is supplied to the end 36 of the intercommunicating pore 34 of supplying mouth 14,16 and push rod 20, then 36 compressed and supplied air form axle journal pneumatic bearing D via the flange part 30b that is supported in stepped part 10a from fixing, as to prop up the central guide rod 30 that is held in housing 10 air vent 33 ejections from the end.Whereby, the main shaft 1 that is positioned at the outer circumferential side of central guide rod 30 radially is being supported from central side.In addition, the occasion always shown in pneumatic bearing A and Fig. 5 is same, from the outside at radial support main shaft 1.Therefore, by axle journal pneumatic bearing D and pneumatic bearing A, the axis and the axes O of main shaft 1 rotation as one man radially are being supported well.In addition, thrust pneumatic bearing C is same with occasion always, and supporting spindle 1 on the axes O direction.
Under this state,, make main shaft 1 rotation to coil 12 supplying electric currents.And, by unillustrated mechanism housing 10 is gone up in axes O direction (above-below direction of figure) and moved, by drill bit 3 operative workpiece (not shown)s.
As above explanation, in according to embodiment of the present invention, because the axle journal pneumatic bearing D that is made of the air vent on the outer circumferential face that is disposed at central guide rod 30 33 can reliably and stably support this main shaft 1 diametrically in the inboard of main shaft 1, so there is no need to be provided with the sort of pneumatic bearing B (with reference to Fig. 5) that is possessed in always the main shaft device.Thereby, can improve natural frequency by the weight (reducing quality) that alleviates main shaft 1 the total length of main shaft 1 than the amount that always shortens the length be equivalent to save pneumatic bearing B.Therefore, can not reduce, can make it high speed rotating with the state of supporting spindle 1 stably with the bearing rigidity when the pneumatic bearing supporting spindle 1.In addition, even owing to compare with the main shaft of structure always and to set maximum speed to such an extent that higher wild effect does not take place yet, so can improve working ability.
In addition because in the present embodiment, air vent (gas spraying hole) 13 at the space ejection gas of formation on the inner peripheral surface of housing 10 between the outer circumferential face of this inner peripheral surface and main shaft 1 is arranged, possesses pneumatic bearing (gas bearing mechanism) A that its outer circumferential face of main shaft 1 usefulness is supported by from the gas of these air vent 13 ejections, so except above-mentioned axle journal pneumatic bearing D, lean on pneumatic bearing D supporting spindle 1 more stably.
In this external the present embodiment, on housing 10, be provided with the annular recessed portion 11d that can accommodate flange (ring-type teat) 1f.And then on main shaft 1, the annular radial of this main shaft 1 ground is formed above-mentioned flange 1f highlightedly, so that be contained in above-mentioned annular recessed portion 11d.And, have on the bi-side of above-mentioned annular recessed portion 11d formation to the air vent (gas spraying hole) 15 of the space ejection gas of the bi-side of flange 1f, be provided with by from the gas of these air vent 15 ejections thrust pneumatic bearing of supporting spindle 1 (gas bearing mechanism) C in the axial direction.Therefore, can lean on thrust pneumatic bearing C on the axes O direction, stably to support the main shaft of stably supporting diametrically by axle journal pneumatic bearing D, pneumatic bearing A as mentioned above 1.
(the 2nd embodiment)
Next, describe by Fig. 2 the 2nd embodiment just according to the present invention.This figure is the sectional view according to the main shaft device of the present embodiment.Because the present embodiment, compare with the last embodiment shown in Fig. 1, it is different that only central guide rod 30 and push rod 20 integrally constitute this point, other parts are roughly the same, so, to having the key element with Fig. 1, the same formation of Fig. 5, have same function key element (component part) though and the slightly different key element (component part) of shape with same function give same label and omit its explanation.
That is to say between the chamber 11a at the interior side place of housing 10 and coil accommodation section 11b, to possess the minor diameter 10d that fixes with the state that cooperates guide member 40 cylindraceous and at the formed stepped part 10c of lower side of this minor diameter 10d.Guide member 40 has the roughly the same internal diameter of external diameter with the central guide rod 30 of the present embodiment, to support by stepped part 10c and to be fixed in the form that (just is fixed in the housing 10) in the minor diameter 10d, the above-mentioned central guide rod 30 that inserts is sliding freely led along axes O direction (above-below direction of Fig. 2).
Above-mentioned central guide rod 30 in the present embodiment possess with Fig. 1 in the axial region 30a axial region 30c of same external diameter roughly of central guide rod 30, form on the top of this axial region 30c, has the 30d of the portion that inserted of same external diameter roughly with the large-diameter portion 20b of the push rod 20 shown in Fig. 1, be located at these axial regions 30c and inserted flange part 30e between the 30d of portion, and project upwards and outstanding from the center hole 10b of housing 10 from the center hole 22a of piston 22, diameter is slightly smaller than the protuberance 30f of slotting the 30d of portion.And central guide rod 30 is fixed in this piston 22 in fact to be clipped in the form restriction of 39 of flange part 30e and annular construction members and relatively moving of piston 22.
This central guide rod 30, possesses the chamber 32 that is formed extended at both sides along axis direction at central part, on the axes O direction, dispose the air vent 33 that multiple row (illustrated occasion 3 row) constitutes axle journal pneumatic bearing D, and and pushes protrusion 30g push strut 5 and guide sleeve 6 side-prominent to the bottom.In every row that above-mentioned air vent 33 is disposed on the axes O direction, on the circumferencial direction of central guide rod 30, be provided with a plurality of so that become equal angles at interval.
As shown in above, though the central guide rod 30 in the present embodiment has the function of the push rod 20 in above-mentioned the 1st embodiment concurrently, but because the formation of other parts as mentioned above, with action in the present embodiment and above-mentioned the 1st embodiment come down to identical, the explanation that repeat the Therefore, omited.
If use this present embodiment, then can obtain and the roughly same effect of above-mentioned the 1st embodiment, and on central guide rod 30, have the function of push rod 20, compare the effect that can also obtain further simplification device structure with above-mentioned the 1st embodiment whereby.
(the 3rd embodiment)
Fig. 3 is the sectional view according to the main shaft device of the 3rd embodiment of the present invention, to having the key element with Fig. 1, the same formation of Fig. 5, have same function key element (component part) though but and the slightly different key element (component part) of shape with same function give same label and omit its explanation.
Main shaft device in the present embodiment, be not to be provided with pneumatic bearing A this point with the main shaft device difference shown in Fig. 1, in opposition side (upside of Fig. 3) the configuration flange 1f of the collet (cutter holding part) 2 of main shaft 1 front end this point, and make the piston 22A this point that constitutes piston 22 by ().With this, the air vent (gas spraying hole) 15 that is located at the below among Fig. 1 is arranged at the position facing to flange 1f of the central part office of housing 10.
In the enough big occasion of bearing rigidity of axle journal gas bearing D, as shown in Figure 3, owing to there is no need to be provided with the pneumatic bearing A that is possessed in the main shaft device of Fig. 1, so compare the total length that can further shorten main shaft 1, weight reduction with the occasion of Fig. 1.
In addition, owing to pass through opposition side configuration flange 1f at the collet 2 of main shaft 1 front end, the center of gravity of main shaft 1 is positioned near the central authorities of axes O direction, so, can prevent the phenomenon of the axis tilt of main shaft 1 more effectively in the occasion that makes main shaft 1 high speed rotating.And then owing to constitute piston as a piston 22A, institute can alleviate main shaft device weight more so that formation is simple.
Though as above, the main shaft device in the present embodiment has a plurality of differences with the main shaft device shown in Fig. 1, but because the formation of other parts as mentioned above, with the action in the present embodiment, with above-mentioned the 1st embodiment come down to identical, the explanation that repeat the Therefore, omited.
(the 4th embodiment)
Fig. 4 is the sectional view according to the main shaft device of the 4th embodiment of the present invention, to having the key element with Fig. 1, the same formation of Fig. 5, have same function key element (component part) though but and the slightly different key element (component part) of shape with same function give same label and omit its explanation.
Main shaft device in the present embodiment, be with the difference of the main shaft device shown in Fig. 1, pneumatic bearing A this point is not set, flange 1f is disposed at opposition side (upside of Fig. 4) this point of the collet (cutter holding part) 2 of main shaft 1 front end, and, with utilizing the dop (centrifugal chuck) of centrifugal force as cutter holding device this point.
In utilizing the above-mentioned dop of centrifugal force No. the 5 997 223, U. S. Patent (for example with reference to), in the cutter confining force of the retaining member that keeps cutter, that utilizes that main axis rotation causes is added in centrifugal force on the aforementioned retaining member, when the loading and unloading cutter, reduces the rotating speed of main shaft and removes confining force.Therefore, among Fig. 1 as the push rod 20 of the mechanism that uses of loading and unloading cutter with become unwanted as the piston 22 of the driving mechanism of push rod 20.Thereby, can reduce the constituent part of main shaft 1, further alleviator weight.
In addition, the pneumatic bearing of mentioning in each embodiment is a kind of of bearing, utilizes other gas to replace the gas bearing of air also to be fine certainly.
Though abovely based on embodiment the present invention has been described, the embodiment described in the present invention is signifier for example, is not qualification person.In addition, scope of invention is represented by appended technological scheme, is not limited to the description of embodiment.Thereby, belong to the distortion or the change of technological scheme, all be scope person of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a main shaft device possessing the main shaft that at one end has the cutter retaining mechanism and can rotating in the main shaft device of the gas bearing mechanism that freely housing structure is supported this main shaft, is characterized in that,
On aforementioned main shaft, along axially forming hollow portion from aforementioned end to end,
On aforementioned housing structure, possess at least the integrated radial ground of aforementioned main shaft supported, along extending axially of aforementioned main shaft plugged in the guide rod member of aforementioned hollow portion,
Aforementioned gas bearing mechanism supports aforementioned main shaft by the gas that sprays from this gas spraying hole at the gas spraying hole that forms and have the space ejection gas between the inner peripheral surface of this outer circumferential face and aforementioned main shaft on the outer circumferential face of aforementioned guide rod member with inner circumferential surface.
2. the main shaft device described in claim 1, wherein aforementioned guide rod member overall fixed is in aforementioned housing structure.
3. the main shaft device described in claim 1, wherein aforementioned guide rod member constitute double as and moving axially of aforementioned main shaft are propped up freely the push rod that is held in aforementioned housing structure and can makes aforementioned cutter retaining mechanism action.
4. the main shaft device described in the claim 1 to 3 any one, wherein also possesses the gas spraying hole that has at the space ejection gas of formation on the inner peripheral surface of aforementioned housing structure between the outer circumferential face of this inner peripheral surface and aforementioned main shaft, by the gas bearing mechanism that aforementioned main shaft is supported with its outer circumferential face from the gas of this gas spraying hole ejection.
5. the main shaft device described in the claim 1 to 4 any one, wherein
On aforementioned housing structure, form annular recessed portion to the annular radial ground expansion of aforementioned main shaft,
On aforementioned main shaft, form and be contained in aforementioned annular recessed portion ground, to the annular radial of this main shaft the ring-type teat given prominence to,
Also possess have on two sides of aforementioned annular recessed portion, form and to the gas spraying hole of the space ejection gas of two sides of aforementioned ring-type teat, by support the gas bearing mechanism of aforementioned main shaft in the axial direction from the gas of this gas spraying hole ejection.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP234010/2002 | 2002-08-09 | ||
| JP2002234010 | 2002-08-09 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1485172A true CN1485172A (en) | 2004-03-31 |
| CN100482388C CN100482388C (en) | 2009-04-29 |
Family
ID=28035981
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031533116A Expired - Fee Related CN100482388C (en) | 2002-08-09 | 2003-08-08 | Principal axis device |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100482388C (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2391498B (en) |
| TW (1) | TW200402344A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100427250C (en) * | 2006-12-18 | 2008-10-22 | 广州市大族高精电机有限公司 | Air floated high speed electric mandrel |
| CN101351286B (en) * | 2006-10-26 | 2011-02-02 | 株式会社津上 | Spindle device |
| CN102202831A (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2011-09-28 | 阿特拉斯·科普柯工具公司 | Drill spindle unit |
| CN105683600A (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2016-06-15 | 盖迪科斯系统公司 | Single axis rotational gas bearing with feed-through |
| CN105825877A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-08-03 | 朱光波 | Data storing and reading method and apparatus |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005008582B4 (en) * | 2005-02-24 | 2007-02-22 | Aerolas Gmbh, Aerostatische Lager- Lasertechnik | Coupling for non-rotatable connection of two shafts |
| DE102006056634B3 (en) * | 2006-11-30 | 2008-03-06 | Aerolas Gmbh, Aerostatische Lager- Lasertechnik | High speed spindle, has spindle shaft, which has axial through-hole through which tool holder shaft passes and tool holder shaft is coupled with spindle shaft torque-proof but axially displayable relative to tool holder shaft |
| CN101774031B (en) * | 2010-03-03 | 2011-11-30 | 湖南大学 | Ultrahigh speed precise pneumatic micro spindle unit |
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| US3430318A (en) * | 1967-03-10 | 1969-03-04 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Machine tools and instruments |
| JPS4816028Y1 (en) * | 1969-05-30 | 1973-05-08 | ||
| DE2225360C2 (en) * | 1972-05-25 | 1982-09-23 | Heinz 4050 Mönchengladbach Beisemann | Hydrostatic radial bearing with pockets - has inner bush, with outer bush stepped recess for each inner pocket |
| FR2390627A1 (en) * | 1977-05-13 | 1978-12-08 | Renault | HYDROSTATIC ROTATING SHAFT BEARING |
| JPS5565723A (en) * | 1978-11-14 | 1980-05-17 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Lubricating configuration of floating bush |
| DE3231133A1 (en) * | 1982-08-21 | 1984-02-23 | Zahnräderfabrik Renk AG, 8900 Augsburg | HYDRODYNAMIC BEARING ARRANGEMENT |
| DD222670A1 (en) * | 1983-12-30 | 1985-05-22 | Leipzig Werkstoffpruefmasch | DEVICE FOR HYDROSTATIC STORAGE OF CYLINDRICAL KOERPERS |
| JPS6119502A (en) * | 1985-06-19 | 1986-01-28 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Spindle device |
| US4761876A (en) * | 1986-04-18 | 1988-08-09 | Dynamotion Corporation | High speed precision drilling system |
| DE3738305A1 (en) * | 1987-11-11 | 1989-05-24 | Stromag Maschf | Device for the radial feed of hydraulic fluid and/or cooling fluid to hydraulically actuated switching elements |
| GB2235259B (en) * | 1989-07-28 | 1993-10-27 | Ntn Toyo Bearing Co Ltd | Spindle assembly with externally pressurised gas bearing |
| DE4119465A1 (en) * | 1991-06-13 | 1992-12-17 | Leidenfrost Reinhold | DEVICE FOR TRANSMITTING A HYDRAULIC PRESSURE FROM A FIXED OUTDOOR PART TO A ROTATING SHAFT |
| JP3517263B2 (en) * | 1994-02-03 | 2004-04-12 | Ｎｔｎ株式会社 | Hydrostatic gas bearing spindle |
| JPH09257037A (en) * | 1996-03-26 | 1997-09-30 | Toshiba Mach Co Ltd | Spindle head for machine tool |
| JPH09285944A (en) * | 1996-04-23 | 1997-11-04 | Toshiba Mach Co Ltd | Main spindle abnormality detector for air bearing type machine tool |
| US5997223A (en) * | 1998-09-22 | 1999-12-07 | Electro Scientific Industries, Inc. | High speed drilling spindle with reciprocating ceramic shaft and edoubl-gripping centrifugal chuck |
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2003
- 2003-08-01 TW TW092121096A patent/TW200402344A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-08-08 CN CNB031533116A patent/CN100482388C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-08-08 GB GB0318699A patent/GB2391498B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101351286B (en) * | 2006-10-26 | 2011-02-02 | 株式会社津上 | Spindle device |
| CN100427250C (en) * | 2006-12-18 | 2008-10-22 | 广州市大族高精电机有限公司 | Air floated high speed electric mandrel |
| CN102202831A (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2011-09-28 | 阿特拉斯·科普柯工具公司 | Drill spindle unit |
| CN102202831B (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2016-10-12 | 阿特拉斯·科普柯工业技术公司 | Drill spindle unit |
| CN105683600A (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2016-06-15 | 盖迪科斯系统公司 | Single axis rotational gas bearing with feed-through |
| CN105683600B (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2017-11-03 | 盖迪科斯系统公司 | Single-shaft-rotation gas bearing with through hole |
| CN105825877A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-08-03 | 朱光波 | Data storing and reading method and apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TWI301432B (en) | 2008-10-01 |
| GB0318699D0 (en) | 2003-09-10 |
| GB2391498B (en) | 2005-06-08 |
| CN100482388C (en) | 2009-04-29 |
| GB2391498A (en) | 2004-02-11 |
| TW200402344A (en) | 2004-02-16 |
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