CN1483994A - Gear wheel error measuring method and device thereof - Google Patents
Gear wheel error measuring method and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1483994A CN1483994A CNA031320554A CN03132055A CN1483994A CN 1483994 A CN1483994 A CN 1483994A CN A031320554 A CNA031320554 A CN A031320554A CN 03132055 A CN03132055 A CN 03132055A CN 1483994 A CN1483994 A CN 1483994A
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Abstract
The invention is a method to measure gear error and the equipment. It adopts binder to make metal slice with a certain shape and size as the measuring edge strip of the measuring gear, pasted in the selected position to make the 'paste-type measuring gear', adopts the sensor to convert angular displacement signal into electric signal, which amplified to enter in phase comparator, to obtain the corner phase difference between the measuring and measured gears, inputs the phase difference into the computer for analysis to obtain each monomial and integrated error of the measured gear and obtain the space diagram of gear surface error, integrated error diagram and contact shape diagram.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to the measurement mechanism of machining, refer in particular to a kind of gear error measuring method and corresponding measurement mechanism thereof.The present invention can obtain tooth surface error stereographic map, global error figure and contact aspect graph, and can reflect the relation between each individual error and the composition error in the result each individual error, a composition error of measuring prototype gear in the circulation.
Background technology
Prototype gear method at present commonly used has two kinds, co-ordinate-type geometric measurement method and engagement type motion measurement method.The two respectively has relative merits.The co-ordinate-type geometric measurement method has solved the flank of tooth problems of measurement of cylindrical gear, bevel gear and hypoid gear, and can draw the tooth surface error stereographic map by the tooth surface shape with the three-coordinates measuring machine prototype gear.But can only measure single gear with coordinate measuring machine, and can not in engagement, measure, thereby what obtain can only be individual error.Because the result of use of gear is by the composition error reflection of gear, i.e. the result of each individual error combined action, therefore the individual error of measuring can not directly be judged the transmission performance of gear effectively.Bevel gear is different with cylindrical gear with hypoid gear in addition, and they do not have unified theoretical curved surface, and theoretical curved surface will be obtained by complicated calculating by specific job operation and concrete machined parameters.Therefore come the method for prototype gear error to be very limited by coordinate measuring machine.Engagement type motion measurement method is by present widely used gear error single face engagement mensuration and measuring machine thereof, this method is by sending signal with the coaxial mounted respectively sensor of two mutual meshed gears, the treated unevenness error that obtains in transmission process, this error is tangential composition error, the synthesis result that can reflect tooth surface shape error and each gear teeth mutual position error, but this method can not obtain the individual error of gear and the concrete position that error occurs, can not reflect between each individual error and the relation between individual error and the composition error, more not know the trend line that contact point moves at the flank of tooth.Method more commonly used is to roll checking machine prototype gear contact (area) pattern by gear mesh for bevel gear and hypoid gear.A pair of gear is engaged transmission under the mutual alignment of regulation, on the flank of tooth of engagement, tint simultaneously, after transmission, obtain the impression that has contact (area) pattern, judge the quality of gear with size, shape and the position on the flank of tooth thereof of impression size, this method efficient height, directly perceived.But it only can reflect an aspect of Error of Gears, i.e. contact precision, and can not record each individual error, can not obtain error information.
Russian Patent SU599155 discloses a kind of measuring method of using on existing gear error single face engagement measuring machine, this method is to stick a polymer resin strip profile of tooth thin slice or/and stick a polymer resin strip teeth directional thin slice in a certain flank of tooth upper edge teeth directional direction in a certain flank of tooth upper edge of the master gear of its use tooth depth direction.Its thickness is not more than the sideshake of gearing mesh.Then with tested gear and this master gear on single face engagement machine to rolling engagement, thereby measure tested tooth-formation of gear and tooth alignment error.This invention is not suitable for the little error measure of gearing mesh sideshake.The polyester diaphragm can produce distortion when engagement in addition, and the meeting stress deformation also can cause excessive error during engagement.
The patent No. is that 88100521 gear integrated error testers have proposed a kind of new gear error measuring method---how much kinematic error mensurations.This method can be measured individual event geometric error, integrated motion error and the global error etc. of tested gear simultaneously by adopting the motion of Special Master Gear and tested gearing mesh.It has overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned two kinds of traditional errors and has had the advantage of " co-ordinate-type geometric measurement method " and " engagement type motion measurement method " concurrently.Adopted the method for known machining, electromachining, chemical process or their combinations, to the flank of tooth of original gear, remove measurement and process and make with the remainder the protruding rib band that keeps on the gear teeth.Said method is all removed excess stock and is made required the particular measurement gear teeth and the transmission gear teeth from the original gear entity.It is particularly useful for the making of steel matter prototype gear.But there are two problems: 1 adopt machining, when electric processing method is made prototype gear, because of the machining shape component difficulty is big, processing charges height, uneconomical practicality.2 adopt the chemical process method, simple and easy to operate, but need sour alkali solution when making, unfavorable to environmental protection; Because of manually-operated,, be difficult to remedy again, cause the waste product waste easily in case make mistakes.Complex manufacturing process not only, cost is very high, and all will make special gear for the gear of different size, wastes a large amount of manpower and materials.This situation makes this method be very restricted in actual applications.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned technology, the invention provides a kind of new measuring method, it adopts on the flank of tooth of master gear pastes method wiry and makes special " adhesive type prototype gear ", by sensor the angular displacement signal that produces in prototype gear and the tested gearing mesh process is become electric signal, be amplified into phase comparator through signal amplifier, by relatively obtaining the phase differential of two gear corners, this phase differential is imported every error that Computer Analysis obtains gear, through the printer output measurement result.
The process of measuring is divided into two parts: 1) earlier with this prototype gear and the tested gearing mesh of known each individual error, measurement data deposits computing machine in, sets up the expert opinion database.2) with prototype gear and tested gearing mesh, the expert opinion database comparative analysis that records data and form previously obtains tested gear and comprises various control informations such as the size shape of individual error, composition error and contact (area) pattern and position and gear global error, tooth surface error stereographic map.
The device of realizing this method comprises adhesive type prototype gear and the two sensors, the grating dish of processing signals, the signal amplifier that link to each other respectively with prototype gear, tested gear, phase comparator with two groups of signals are connected simultaneously reaches the computing machine and the printer that connect successively.
The adhesive type prototype gear be with specific bonding agent with the tinsel of definite shape size measurement rib band as prototype gear, according to certain rules, firmly stick on the select location of the selected gear teeth of prototype gear parent and be made.
Tinsel is pasted direction and be can be 3 kinds on the flank of tooth: a shape tooth is that tinsel is pasted along the profile of tooth direction, and b shape tooth is that tinsel is pasted along the teeth directional direction, and c shape tooth is that tinsel is pasted along the gear teeth the angular direction.Pasting the gear teeth wiry distributes on prototype gear and is at interval.Pasting wiry number and position decides according to the accuracy requirement of the gear number of teeth and measurement.The sheet metal thickness of this specific dimensions is generally less than 0.5mm.Paste variation in thickness wiry (comprising) less than 0.1 μ m/mm because the tinsel height change that alite paste causes.Kind difference according to prototype gear can be divided into adhesive type cylindrical measurement gear, adhesive type circular cone prototype gear and the accurate involute urve circular cone of adhesive type prototype gear etc.
The superiority that this method has:
1. contain much information, the present invention can detect tested gear and comprise every errors such as each individual error, composition error, global error and contact (area) pattern in the one-shot measurement process.Install the tooth surface error stereographic map that appended software analysis can also obtain gear, information such as the stereographic map of actual gear by this.Relatively Russian Patent SU599155 has only comprised profile of tooth and teeth directional deflection error information in the method for gear surface stickup polymer resin strip profile of tooth thin slice among the result of its measurement.
2. easy to make, cost is low, the precision height, and the present invention makes prototype gear by paste method wiry on the flank of tooth of master gear, adopts the method for chemical corrosion to make prototype gear with respect to patent 88100521.5, and cost of manufacture obviously reduces.What secondly the present invention adopted is the relative error measuring method, the error of prototype gear itself is eliminated in software, therefore measuring method of the present invention can measuring accuracy reach 5 grades gear, and the precision of prototype gear only needs 5 grades, and patent 88100521.5 adopts is direct method of measurement prototype gear, and to need the precision of prototype gear be 3 grades if measuring accuracy is 5 grades a gear; Want the gear of prototype gear ability energy measurement 5 class precisions of 3 class precisions equally with Russian Patent SU599155 measuring method.So reducing, the present invention measures the precision that cost has improved measurement.
3. applied widely, adopt the present invention can measure the various gears that comprise straight spur gear, spiral gear, straight bevel gear and spiral bevel gear etc., the gear error that also is fit to various materials is measured.
4. efficiency of measurement height, clamping of the inventive method can be measured the various control informations of gear.
5. universal preferably, the data that this method is measured are except showing error information or by printer prints output, can also export error information by the mode of data file by computing machine, and convenient further error mechanism of production is analyzed.Have good man-machine interface, simple to operate, good reliability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the profile of tooth of three kinds of prototype gears, the tooth error of a shape tooth prototype gear wherein, the tooth alignment error of b shape tooth prototype gear, the global error of c shape tooth prototype gear.
Fig. 2 is the error measure schematic diagram
Fig. 3 is the sequential schematic of the various stickup gear teeth on prototype gear.The tested gear 2-of 1-prototype gear 3-grating dish 4-signal amplifier 5-phase comparator 6-computing machine 7-display 8-printer
Embodiment
Selected in the present embodiment prototype gear is a straight bevel gear.The parameter of straight bevel gear is as follows: modulus is 5.4 millimeters, and the number of teeth is 16, pressure angle 22.5 degree, and pitch cone is apart from 50.94 millimeters.The prototype gear that the present invention makes is seen Fig. 1, and measurement mechanism is seen Fig. 2.
Specific implementation process is as follows:
As shown in Figure 1, the prototype gear of present embodiment is to make by the method for pasting sheet metal on the flank of tooth of master gear.Profile of tooth is divided three classes: a type tooth is used for measuring tooth error, and b type tooth is used for measuring tooth alignment error, and c type tooth is used for measuring global error.Distribution sequence is according to position distribution shown in Figure 3 on gear.This gear number of teeth is 16, and gear teeth numbering is followed successively by No. 1 to No. 16.According to the rule that tinsel is pasted, pasting the gear teeth wiry is at interval, therefore paste the gear teeth wiry be respectively 1,3 ..., No. 13 teeth.And 2,4,6,8,10,12,14,15,16 be standard tooth.Can select gear to paste the quantity and the position of sheet metal according to the precision of tested gear and the number of teeth of gear in the actual measurement.A type tooth has 3 in this example, and they are along teeth directional position difference.Same b type tooth has 3, respectively along the profile of tooth direction.C type tooth has one, is used to measure global error.
Measurement mechanism is seen Fig. 2, it comprises adhesive type prototype gear and the two sensors, the grating dish (3) of processing signals, the signal amplifier (4) that link to each other respectively with prototype gear (2), tested gear (1), the phase comparator (5) that is connected simultaneously with two groups of signals, and the computing machine (6) and the printer (8) that connect successively, concrete measuring process is as follows:
(1) at first the gear of known individual error is installed on the measuring instrument, becomes driving gear, this prototype gear is installed on the slave spindle, become engaged wheel (perhaps both being exchanged installation), two gears can be intermeshed at the volley.Drive initiatively main shaft rotation, drive driven shaft rotation thereby two gears are meshing with each other.In engagement process the error information of measuring is deposited in computing machine, set up the expert opinion database.
(2) gear of above-mentioned known error is changed to tested gear and prototype gear meshes by above-mentioned steps, measures error information.Obtain the various errors of tested gear by comparative analysis, again by computing machine or printer output error result with the expert opinion database software.Wherein control information can also be called for other analysis software with the form of data file.
Claims (4)
1. gear error measuring method, it is characterized in that adopting on the flank of tooth of master gear and to paste method wiry and make special " adhesive type prototype gear ", by sensor the angular displacement signal that produces in prototype gear and the tested gearing mesh process is become electric signal, be amplified into phase comparator through signal amplifier, by relatively obtaining the phase differential of two gear corners, this phase differential is imported every error that Computer Analysis obtains gear, through the printer output measurement result.
2. a kind of gear error measuring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the process of measuring is divided into two parts:
(1) earlier with this prototype gear and the tested gearing mesh of known each individual error, measurement data deposits computing machine in, sets up the expert opinion database.
(2) with prototype gear and tested gearing mesh, the expert opinion database comparative analysis that records data and form previously obtains size shape and position and gear global error that tested gear comprises individual error, composition error and contact (area) pattern.
3. realize the device of this method, it comprises adhesive type prototype gear and the two sensors, the grating dish (3) of processing signals, the signal amplifier (4) that link to each other respectively with prototype gear (2), tested gear (1), the phase comparator (5) that is connected simultaneously with two groups of signals, and the computing machine (6) and the printer (8) that connect successively, it is characterized in that the adhesive type prototype gear be with bonding agent with the tinsel of definite shape size measurement rib band as prototype gear, firmly stick on the select location of the selected gear teeth of prototype gear parent and be made.
4. gear error measurement mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that tinsel pastes direction and can be 3 kinds on the flank of tooth: a shape tooth is that tinsel is pasted along the profile of tooth direction, b shape tooth is that tinsel is pasted along the teeth directional direction, and c shape tooth is that tinsel is pasted along the gear teeth the angular direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03132055 CN1194214C (en) | 2003-07-17 | 2003-07-17 | Gear wheel error measuring method and device thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03132055 CN1194214C (en) | 2003-07-17 | 2003-07-17 | Gear wheel error measuring method and device thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1483994A true CN1483994A (en) | 2004-03-24 |
| CN1194214C CN1194214C (en) | 2005-03-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 03132055 Expired - Fee Related CN1194214C (en) | 2003-07-17 | 2003-07-17 | Gear wheel error measuring method and device thereof |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100460848C (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2009-02-11 | 长沙航空工业中南传动机械厂 | Gear-loading contact detecting machine |
| CN101893435A (en) * | 2010-06-09 | 2010-11-24 | 王延忠 | Method for detection tooth surface of face gear |
| CN101915667A (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2010-12-15 | 北京工业大学 | Integrated error measuring technology and method thereof of gear pair |
| CN102062591B (en) * | 2009-11-11 | 2012-07-04 | 沈阳理工大学 | Singlechip-based radial composite error measurer |
| CN103712795A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-09 | 北京工业大学 | Efficient measurement element, device and method for integrated gear errors |
| CN104075888A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-10-01 | 北京控制工程研究所 | Device and method for measuring gear meshing backlash through electrical noise |
| CN109738283A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-05-10 | 内蒙古第一机械集团股份有限公司 | A kind of measuring system and measurement method of the loaded deflection of gear |
-
2003
- 2003-07-17 CN CN 03132055 patent/CN1194214C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100460848C (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2009-02-11 | 长沙航空工业中南传动机械厂 | Gear-loading contact detecting machine |
| CN102062591B (en) * | 2009-11-11 | 2012-07-04 | 沈阳理工大学 | Singlechip-based radial composite error measurer |
| CN101893435A (en) * | 2010-06-09 | 2010-11-24 | 王延忠 | Method for detection tooth surface of face gear |
| CN101893435B (en) * | 2010-06-09 | 2012-07-25 | 王延忠 | Method for detection of tooth surface of face gear |
| CN101915667A (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2010-12-15 | 北京工业大学 | Integrated error measuring technology and method thereof of gear pair |
| CN103712795A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-09 | 北京工业大学 | Efficient measurement element, device and method for integrated gear errors |
| CN103712795B (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2016-04-06 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of Efficient measurement of gear global error, apparatus and method |
| CN104075888A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-10-01 | 北京控制工程研究所 | Device and method for measuring gear meshing backlash through electrical noise |
| CN109738283A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-05-10 | 内蒙古第一机械集团股份有限公司 | A kind of measuring system and measurement method of the loaded deflection of gear |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1194214C (en) | 2005-03-23 |
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