CN1477394A - Rapid Identification Method of Magnoliaceae Seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to a method for identifying seeds, and mainly relates to a method for identifying seeds of magnolia plants. Magnoliaceae plants are mostly tall evergreen trees with beautiful tree shapes, which are excellent urban street trees and garden greening tree species, but the identification of Magnoliaceae seeds is a major difficulty encountered by garden workers when selecting species. The endocarp has a special shape in the chalazal area, which can be used to accurately and quickly determine whether it is a Magnoliaceae seed or not. And it can be identified to the level of genus or species, which has strong practicability in garden seed selection and seedling cultivation, and is also of great help to the collection and identification of field specimens. There is no relevant technology and method for the identification of Magnoliaceae seeds at home and abroad. The invention provides a rapid identification method for Magnoliaceae plant seeds, the genus or species can be identified by the method, and the method has great significance in practice.

Description

Rapid Identification Method of Magnoliaceae Seeds

technical field

The invention belongs to a method for identifying seeds, and mainly relates to a method for identifying seeds of magnolia plants.

Background technique

Magnoliaceae plants are mostly tall evergreen trees with beautiful tree shape and wide crown. They are excellent urban street trees and garden greening trees, such as lotus magnolia. Many kinds of flowers are fragrant and elegant, and the fragrance is long-lasting and pleasant. They are the raw materials for extracting high-grade essences, such as magnolia. Some species are traditional Chinese medicines in my country, such as magnolia magnolia and Magnolia officinalis. However, the identification of Magnoliaceae seeds is a major difficulty for gardeners when selecting seeds. How to quickly identify the seeds of Magnoliaceae plants is of great significance.

The inner seed coat of Magnoliaceae seeds has a special shape in the chalazal zone, which is only found in this family in Magnoliaceae so far, so it is very easy to distinguish it from seeds of other families. The shape is divided into two categories: hole type and tube type. The pore type is a small perforation in the chalazal zone of the endotesta. The genus Manglietia, the genus Aromadendron, the genus Talauma (8 species), the genus Elmerrillia and the genus Liriodendron have this type. The cast is composed of a small pit formed by the chalaza region of the endotesta and a small tube protruding from the bottom of the pit. The tubules are upright with Manglietiastrum, Talauma (3 species), unisexual Magnolia, Alcimandra, Michelia, Paramichelia and Tsoongiodendron. There are only pseudomonophanous magnolias with curved tubules. Utilizing this feature, it is only necessary to remove the outer testa and middle testa of the seed, and check whether there is a hole or a tube structure in the joint area of the inner testa, and it can be accurately and quickly determined whether it is a Magnoliaceae seed. This has strong practicability in garden seed selection and seedling cultivation, and is also of great help to the collection and identification of field specimens. The identification of the seeds of Magnoliaceae plants is currently not available at home and abroad.

Related technologies and methods.

The invention provides a magnolia seed identification method, and the genus or species can be identified by the method. The seed coat of mature Magnoliaceae seeds can be divided into three layers: the outermost layer of leather, that is, the outer testa, is bright vermilion or pink, and is extremely smooth. The middle layer is fleshy, that is, the mesocarp, milky white, rich in fat, and feels greasy to the touch. The innermost wood layer is hard and mostly black, but also yellow and brown.

Contents of the invention

1. If it is a fresh and mature Magnoliaceae seed, place it directly under a binocular dissecting microscope, peel off the outer testa and middle seed coat with a scalpel from the micropylar end, and use dissection to target the chalazal area, especially the chalazal foramen Treat with the chalazal tube orifice and the chalazal fossa. Since the middle seed coat of Magnoliaceae seeds is rich in fatty substances, in order to completely remove the seed coat and chalazal area, reveal the shape completely and not damage the structure of the chalazal area, the seeds can be placed in 70-75% ethanol solution and vibrated with ultrasonic waves ;

2. For dry Magnoliaceae seeds, soak them in warm water at about 50-55°C for 24 hours, then boil them for 1 hour to soften the outer testa and middle testa, and then remove them from the micropyle end under a dissecting microscope. Begin by peeling off the outer and middle seed coats with a scalpel. After the seeds are dry, clean the chalazal area with a brush and a dissecting needle. The treatment steps for fresh seeds are then repeated. The cleaned seeds were sprayed with gold film by ion sputtering, and the morphology of the chalazal area of the endocarp was observed and photographed under a JSM-T300 scanning electron microscope. Combined with other characteristics of the inner testa and the size of the seeds, the seeds can be quickly identified, and can be identified to the level of genus or species.

Example:

The dry seeds sent by Xiaba Huamuchang, Dutou Village, Baijia Township, Liuyang City, Hunan Province, are first soaked in warm water at about 50°C for 24 hours, and then boiled for 1 hour to completely soften the outer and middle seed coats, and then put them in the binocular Under the dissecting microscope, peel off the outer testa and middle seed coat with a scalpel from the micropylar end. After the seeds are dry, place the seeds in 70% ethanol solution and vibrate with ultrasonic wave for 1 hour, and clean the chalazal area with a brush and dissecting needle. The cleaned seeds were sprayed with gold film by ion sputtering, and the morphological characteristics of the chalazal area of the endocarp were observed and photographed under a JSM-T300 scanning electron microscope. Then it was identified as Ledong Pseudomonas magnolia according to its features of curved chalazal tube, smooth inner testa surface and no seed ridge indentation.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of Magnoliacea plant seed rapid identification method is characterized in that this method comprises the steps:

1), fresh and ripe Magnoliaceae seed, directly place under the binocular anatomical lens, begin exosper and mesosperm to be divested totally from micropylar end with scalpel, and with dissecting needle indetical points district, especially the chalaza hole and the chalaza pipe mouth of pipe and chalaza nest are handled, seed can be placed on then and use supersonic oscillations in the ethanolic solution, seed morphology is appeared fully and not damage the Chalazal Region structure and identified;

2), Gan Zao Magnoliaceae seed, can be soaked in water earlier 24 hours, boiled again 1 hour, make exosper and mesosperm softening fully, under anatomical lens, begin exosper and mesosperm to be divested totally then with scalpel from micropylar end, treat seed drying after, with writing brush and dissecting needle Chalazal Region is handled totally, is repeated above-mentioned 1 then), the treatment step of middle fresh seeds; Handle clean seed with ion sputtering method spraying plating gold film, under the JSM-T300 scanning electron microscope, observe endotesta Chalazal Region form and take pictures, just can carry out Rapid identification in conjunction with endotesta further feature and seed size again seed.

2, according to the Magnoliacea plant seed rapid identification method described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that described 1) in ethanolic solution be the ethanolic solution of 70-75%.

3, according to the Magnoliacea plant seed rapid identification method described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that described 2) in the soaked temperature of water logging be 50-55 ℃.