CN1475297A - Steam and ammonia gas corona actirating stack gas desulfurizing denitrating method - Google Patents

Steam and ammonia gas corona actirating stack gas desulfurizing denitrating method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1475297A
CN1475297A CNA031338682A CN03133868A CN1475297A CN 1475297 A CN1475297 A CN 1475297A CN A031338682 A CNA031338682 A CN A031338682A CN 03133868 A CN03133868 A CN 03133868A CN 1475297 A CN1475297 A CN 1475297A
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China
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ammonia
steam
flue gas
corona discharge
electrode
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杰 李
李�杰
吴彦
王宁会
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Dalian University of Technology
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Dalian University of Technology
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

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Abstract

A process for desulfurizing and denitrating fume features that the water vapour and ammonia gas are sprayed by the discharge electrodes of corona discharge to remove SO2 and NOx from fume. Said discharge electrodes are needle tube and the low-voltage electrode is smooth stainless steel plate. Its advantages are high effect, low cost and no secondary pollution.

Description

Steam and ammonia corona discharge activation flue gas desulfurization and denitration method
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental protection technical field, relate to the technical method that a kind of gas pollutant is administered, refer more particularly to a kind of low temperature plasma flue gas desulfurization and denitrification technical method.
Background technology
Fast development along with the countries in the world industrial economy, fossil fuel consumption as main energy sources sharply increases, fossil fuel increases in the discharge capacity of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide and some other gas pollutant that combustion process produced thereupon, wherein sulfur dioxide (SO 2), nitrogen oxide (NOx) is the water molecules in sour gas and the atmosphere, forms acid rain, brings serious economy loss and environmental pollution to the mankind.As China at nineteen ninety-five SO 2Discharge capacity be 2,370 ten thousand tons because acid rain pollutes and SO 2Pollute the economic loss caused up to more than 1,100 hundred million yuan, near 2% of GDP then.Nineteen ninety-five, China's thermoelectricity installed capacity reaches 1.6 hundred million kW, SO 2Discharge capacity is 8,300,000 tons, accounts for 35% of the whole nation, reaches 2.2 hundred million kW, SO to thermoelectricity installed capacity in 2000 2Discharge capacity accounts for about 50% of the whole nation, expects thermoelectricity installed capacity in 2010 and reaches 3.7 hundred million kW, SO 2Discharge capacity accounts for 66% of the whole nation.The SO of China 2Discharging realizes overall control, especially acid rain control district and SO 2SO is subdued in the control zone 2The emphasis of total amount should be placed on the coal-burning power plant, and simultaneously, it also is very important that NOx removes.
Main fume desulphurization method is the limestone/gypsum wet method on the current industrial, the characteristics of this method are the desulfurization degree height, stable, withstand load, be subjected to the flue gas influence factor little, but secondary pollution, the amount of by-products with waste discharge is big, floor space is big, investment and all more high shortcoming of operating cost.
At present, the method for researching and developing has flue gas desulfurization and denitrification (FGD) method of electron beam and pulsed discharge plasma, and the principle of these two kinds of methods is the neutral gas molecule (N that utilize in high energy electron and the flue gas 2, O 2, H 2O etc.) collision produces some active free radical (O, OH, HO 2, O 3Deng), the SO in these free radicals and the flue gas 2And NO xMolecular reaction generates SO 3, NO xWith sulfuric acid, nitric acid, NH is being arranged 3Under the condition that exists, accessory substances such as sulphur ammonium and ammonium nitrate have been generated, through being processed into agrochemical.Advantage be electronic beam method dry removal arranged, do not produce waste water and dregs, simultaneously desulphurization denitration, accessory substance can recycling.But the shortcoming of electronic beam method is that the life-span of manufacturing technology complexity, electron gun is limited; The shortcoming of pulsed discharge method is that rising front is the pulse power manufacturing technology difficulty height of nanosecond, can't reach the large-scale industrial application degree at present.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is shortcoming for flue gas desulfurization and denitrification (FGD) method that overcomes electron beam and pulsed discharge plasma, the principle of corona discharge that adopts atmospheric pressure to realize easily down, utilize steam and ammonia corona discharge activation flue gas desulfurization and denitration method, carry out removing of acid contaminant in the flue gas.Its principle is to apply discharge high voltages such as high direct voltage or ac high-voltage or low-frequency high-voltage in pin-plate electrode system, form corona discharge, allow steam and ammonia spray, like this by sparking electrode, steam and ammonia directly are subjected to the high energy electron effect in the high electric field region, produce OH, HO 2, NH, NH 2, N 2 +Isoreactivity free radical and ion, the SO in the oxidation flue gas 2And NO xMolecular reaction generates SO 3NO with high price x, finally generate accessory substances such as sulphur ammonium and ammonium nitrate.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: use principle of corona discharge, sparking electrode is the tubule of needle-like, low-field electrode is the big plate of radius of curvature, allow steam and ammonia by the ejection of sparking electrode needle tubing, under the direct effect of corona discharge field, be activated processing, produce some relevant living radical and ions, remove the SO in the flue gas 2And nitrogen oxide NOx.
Sparking electrode of the present invention is made of the person in charge and needle tubing.Wherein, the person in charge is the bigger metal tube of radius of curvature, and diameter is more than 10mm; Needle tubing is the less metal tube of radius of curvature, diameter is in the 1-10mm scope, and the needle tubing electrode is installed on the person in charge, is between pin and the pin on the same plane, and this plane and low pressure plate electrode plane parallel, between pin-pin between distance and the pin-plate proportionate relationship of distance be 0.6-1.Like this, steam and ammonia import through being responsible for, and by the ejection of needle tubing electrode, at first by high electric-field intensity zone and high energy electron collision, directly by the electric field activation processing, produce free radical and active ion.
Low pressure plate electrode of the present invention is a metallic plate, and shape can be plate (one), and airflow direction is parallel with dull and stereotyped direction.
The voltage of corona discharge of the present invention can adopt on positive direct-current high voltage source, negative dc high voltage power supply, industrial frequency AC high voltage source, low-frequency high-voltage power supply and the DC high-voltage power supply stack to exchange or the low-frequency high-voltage power supply in any power supply mode.The voltage that high voltage source forms is applied between pin-plate electrode, and wherein, high pressure one end is added on the pin electrode, and low pressure one end is added on the plate electrode, and the electric-field intensity between pin-plate electrode is a little less than the electric field of the spark discharge of corona discharge.
SO in the addition of additive steam of the present invention and ammonia and flue gas flow and the flue gas 2Measure relevant.The addition of steam guarantees that the water content (or relative humidity) in the flue gas is lower than the saturation moisture content (saturated humidity 100%) of flue gas under the temperature at that time, thereby guarantees that the inventive method is a dry flue gas desulphurization method.If only contain single S O in the flue gas 2Or during NOx, the addition of ammonia is pressed SO in ammonia mole and the flue gas 2The ratio of mole is not higher than 2: 1 ratios and adds, and is not higher than 1: 1 ratio in the ratio of NOx mole in ammonia mole and the flue gas and adds.If contain SO simultaneously in the flue gas 2During with NOx, the addition of ammonia is not higher than 2 times of SO 2Mole and the summation of the mole of 1 times of NOx carry out, in order to avoid cause ammonia waste and tail gas that ammonia leakage is arranged.
Reactor flue-gas temperature of the present invention is 60-80 ℃.
The steam of sparking electrode of the present invention and ammonia spray and can adopt two kinds of schemes to carry out.First kind of scheme only carried out the corona discharge activation to steam or ammonia, carries out FGD, has only a kind of sparking electrode of gas activation this moment in the reactor.Second kind of scheme is steam and the activation of ammonia corona discharge simultaneously, carries out FGD, and the sparking electrode of two kinds of gas activations is arranged in the reactor this moment.
Beneficial effect of the present invention and benefit are to adopt steam and ammonia corona discharge activation flue gas desulfurization and denitration method, shortcomings such as the manufacturing technology difficulty that has overcome two kinds of FGD methods of electron beam and pulsed discharge low temperature plasma is big, relative high, the fluctuation of service of manufacturing with operating cost, have that principle is simple, the manufacturing technology difficulty is little, cost is low, tail gas ammonia concentration is little, non-secondary pollution, the life-span is long and advantage such as easy to use, SO in can various fire coals of extensive use and fuel industrial boiler, especially coal-fired plant boiler flue gas 2Remove with NOx, reduced sour gas and acid rain and polluted the harm that brings to people's life.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the schematic diagram of corona discharge electrode steam or ammonia spraying fume desulfurizing method of denitration technology.
Accompanying drawing 2 is schematic diagrames of corona discharge electrode structure.
Accompanying drawing 3 is schematic diagrames of corona discharge electrode steam and ammonia while spraying fume desulfurizing denitrating technique.
Among Fig. 1, (1) pin electrode, (2) are responsible for, (3) low-field electrode (ground connection), (4) high voltage source, (5) insulator, (6) NH 3(g), (7) H 2O (g), (8) reactor, (9) tracheae, (10) flue, (11) product is collected ash bucket, and (12) contain SO 2With the NOx flue gas, (13) lead.
Among Fig. 2, (1) pin electrode, (2) are responsible for, (3) low-field electrode, (4) ground connection.
Among Fig. 3, (1) pin electrode, (2) are responsible for, (3) low-field electrode (ground connection), (4) high voltage source, (5) insulator, (6) NH 3(g)/H 2O (g), (7) H 2O (g)/NH 3(g), (8) reactor, (9) tracheae, (10) flue, (11) product is collected ash bucket, and (12) contain SO 2With the NOx flue gas, (13) lead.
The specific embodiment
Describe narration the specific embodiment of the present invention and most preferred embodiment in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Sparking electrode 1: because the present invention adopts principle of corona discharge, electrode structure is pin 1-plate 3 structures, steam 7 and ammonia 6 spray from sparking electrode 1, therefore, sparking electrode needle tubing 1 is to make with thin stainless steel tube, and thin stainless steel tube is installed on the relatively large stainless steel person in charge 2 of radius of curvature.In order to make under the identical average field intensity, near the electric-field intensity height needle point, the external diameter of needle tubing 1 is typically chosen in 1-10mm, single needle electrode 1 length is 30-50mm, and all pin electrodes 1 are in the same plane, and this plane is parallel with low pressure plate electrode 3, the person in charge 2 diameter is more than 10mm, according to what of smoke treatment flow, determine the number be responsible for, distance is for more than the 200mm between the person in charge 2 who faces mutually.If need be, in the time of just meeting the requirements of removal effect or higher removal effect, two cover sparking electrodes 1 should be put into 8 li of reactors to steam and ammonia corona discharge activation processing simultaneously; If need in the time of just can meeting the requirements of removal effect, only a cover sparking electrode 1 need be put into 8 li of reactors to a kind of additive corona discharge activation processing of steam or ammonia, can reduce device manufacturing cost and operating cost.The number of sparking electrode 1 will be considered from two combined factors of pin electrode 1 jet velocity according to reactor 8 sizes and gas 6,7, generally speaking, require flue gas time of staying of reactor 8 less than 10 seconds, steam 7 and ammonia 6 are about 3m/s from pin electrode 1 jet velocity.
Low-field electrode 3: low-field electrode 3 can adopt the smooth metal plate, also can adopt undaform smooth metal plate, the placement that is parallel to each other of plate 3 and plate 3, and distance is 100-150cm generally between the low-field electrode 3.
Reactor 8: reactor is installed pin 1-plate electrode 3 systems for 8 li, and flue gas sprays by the needle tubing 1 of sparking electrode, enters reactor 8, is activated and produces free radical and active ion, the SO in the oxidation flue gas 2And NOx, reach the purpose that removes.The temperature of flue gas 12 is at 60-80 ℃ in the reactor 8, flue gas 12 time of staying of reactor 8 less than 10 seconds, can carry out the design of reactor 8 sizes according to the flow of wanting smoke treatment 12 like this.Steam 7 emitted doses guarantee that the water content of flue gas is lower than the saturation moisture content of flue gas in the reactor 8, generally speaking, keep water content in (mass percent rate) below 10%.The emitted dose of ammonia 6 is not higher than 2 times of SO 2Mole and the summation of the mole of 1 times of NOx.Ash bucket 11 is to collect product ammonium salt, and conduit 10 imports and derive reactor with containing dusty gas and handling the back flue gas.When separately steam 7 or ammonia 6 being carried out the corona discharge activation and carry out flue gas desulfurization and denitrification, steam 7 or ammonia 6 spray by sparking electrode 1, and ammonia 6 or steam 7 are that the front end from reactor 8 adds; When simultaneously steam 7 and ammonia 6 being carried out the corona discharge activation and carry out flue gas desulfurization and denitrification, steam 7 and ammonia 6 all are to spray by sparking electrode 1.
High voltage source: the 4th, to the pin 1 and plate 3 power supplies of corona discharge, can be direct current positive high voltage power supply, negative direct current high voltage power supply, industrial frequency AC high voltage source or the like.Insulator 5 is isolated the source of the gas and the high voltage of ammonia 6 and steam 7.Tracheae 9 generally adopts the thermal insulating pipe with the person in charge 2 of ammonia 6 and steam 7 importing sparking electrodes.Lead 13 is high-voltage connections.
In most preferred embodiment of the present invention, pin electrode 1 external diameter is 4mm, internal diameter 2mm, and the length of single pin 1 is 30mm, facing 1 distance of pin electrode mutually is 30mm, being responsible for 2 external diameters is 12mm, and internal diameter is 8mm, length 1000mm, the effective depth of electric field is 80mm, pin 1-plate electrode 3 spacings are 75mm, and pin electrode 1 number is 50 on the every person in charge 2, and low pressure plate electrode 3 spacings are smooth stainless steel flat plates.Distance is 200mm between the person in charge 2 of the activated electrode of steam 7 and ammonia 6 corona discharges, is a person in charge.The length of reactor 8 is 1000mm, height 1000mm, and thickness is 200mm, reactor 8 skins are heat-insulation layers.Flue gas 12 adopts simulated flue gas, is by air and industrial SO 2Mix SO 2Initial concentration can be adjusted, and does not contain NOx gas in the simulated flue gas.Ammonia 6 is industrial ammonias, and flow is regulated by shutoff valve, and addition is according to NH 3And SO 2Mol ratio is 2 ratio adding.Steam 7 is produced by the steam generator of electrical heating type, and flow is regulated by shutoff valve, and accurately water content is tested by digital humidity tester.In application process, the addition of steam 7 guarantees that the water content of simulated flue gas is lower than the saturation moisture content of flue gas, generally speaking, requires the water content of flue gas to be lower than 10% (mass percent).At the simulated flue gas flow is 50Nm 3/ h, the flue gas mean temperature in the reactor 8 is 65 ℃, SO 2Initial concentration is 1500ppm, according to NH 3And SO 2Mol ratio is 2 ratio adding ammonia, and steam 7 additions make the simulated flue gas water content reach 6.2% (mass percent), and pin 1-plate electrode 3 systems apply 32kV positive direct-current high pressure, and discharge energy consumption is 1Wh/Nm 3Condition under, when sparking electrode sprays ammonia separately, SO 2Removal efficiency be 68.8%; When the independent injection water steam of sparking electrode, SO 2Removal efficiency be 70%; When sparking electrode sprays ammonia 6 and steam 7 simultaneously, SO 2Removal efficiency can reach 82%.

Claims (4)

1. steam and ammonia corona discharge activation flue gas desulfurization and denitration method, according to principle of corona discharge, allow additive steam and ammonia spray by the sparking electrode of corona discharge, reach the purpose that removes sulfur dioxide in flue gas and nitrogen oxide, it is characterized in that: steam, ammonia enter the flue gas desulfurization and denitrification reactor by the sparking electrode injection of corona discharge.
2. a kind of steam according to claim 1 and ammonia corona discharge activation flue gas desulfurization and denitration method, it is characterized in that: the high-voltage suppling power of flue gas desulfurization and denitrification is DC high-voltage power supply, ac high voltage source and low-frequency high-voltage power supply.
3. a kind of steam according to claim 1 and ammonia corona discharge activation flue gas desulfurization and denitration method, it is characterized in that: in the flue gas desulfurization and denitrification process, utilize sparking electrode ammonia or steam to spray separately, two kinds of schemes that ammonia and steam sparking electrode spray are simultaneously carried out.
4. a kind of steam according to claim 1 and ammonia corona discharge activation flue gas desulfurization and denitration method, it is characterized in that: sparking electrode is the little metal tube of radius of curvature, and the external diameter of metal tube is 3-10mm, and low-field electrode is the flat board of metal.
CNA031338682A 2003-07-04 2003-07-04 Steam and ammonia gas corona actirating stack gas desulfurizing denitrating method Pending CN1475297A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101829485A (en) * 2010-04-30 2010-09-15 武汉工程大学 Method for desorbing sulfur dioxide in industrial exhaust gas utilizing barometric pressure microwave jet plasma technology
CN101171070B (en) * 2005-05-06 2012-10-17 国立大学法人岐阜大学 Dry simultaneous desulfurization/denitrification apparatus for exhaust gas
CN107233785A (en) * 2016-03-29 2017-10-10 苏州迈沃环保工程有限公司 The method and system of exhuast gas desulfurization denitration are carried out using super-pressure low temperature plasma
CN109569218A (en) * 2019-01-03 2019-04-05 燕山大学 A kind of desulfurization and denitrification integral equipment
CN111256406A (en) * 2020-01-20 2020-06-09 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Electromagnetic preservation structure, electromagnetic preservation device and refrigeration equipment

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101171070B (en) * 2005-05-06 2012-10-17 国立大学法人岐阜大学 Dry simultaneous desulfurization/denitrification apparatus for exhaust gas
CN101829485A (en) * 2010-04-30 2010-09-15 武汉工程大学 Method for desorbing sulfur dioxide in industrial exhaust gas utilizing barometric pressure microwave jet plasma technology
CN107233785A (en) * 2016-03-29 2017-10-10 苏州迈沃环保工程有限公司 The method and system of exhuast gas desulfurization denitration are carried out using super-pressure low temperature plasma
CN109569218A (en) * 2019-01-03 2019-04-05 燕山大学 A kind of desulfurization and denitrification integral equipment
CN109569218B (en) * 2019-01-03 2020-11-17 燕山大学 Desulfurization and denitrification integrated equipment
CN111256406A (en) * 2020-01-20 2020-06-09 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Electromagnetic preservation structure, electromagnetic preservation device and refrigeration equipment

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