CN1454870A

CN1454870A - Composite expansion haycite of flyash and shale

Info

Publication number: CN1454870A
Application number: CN02132687A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑家瑞
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2002-07-25
Filing date: 2002-07-25
Publication date: 2003-11-12

Abstract

The present invention is a flyash shale composite expansion ceramsite for civil engineering concrete. Said invention uses flyash as main material and uses shale as ceramsite expansion adjuvant and adhesive, and adopts the processes of pulverizing shale into powder, mixing the shale powder with flyash according to a certain ratio to make them into spherical material, preheating, roasting, cooling and screening to make the external layer of the spherical material form viscous air-impervious congruent melt at a certain temp. and make its interior produce gas and have enough pressure to make the sphere expand to form the flyash and shale composite expansion ceramsite. Said invention is high in wet sphere strength, good in resistance to decrepitation and has good firing-expansion effect.

Description

Composite expansion haycite of flyash and shale

Technical field: the invention belongs to material of construction, relate to a kind of concrete inorganic light-weight aggregate of civil construction project that is used for, be a kind of be the composite expansion haycite of raw material with flyash and shale.

Background technology: expanded ceramsite is to be used for the concrete inorganic light-weight aggregate of civil construction project.The concrete product that with the expanded ceramsite is the aggregate manufacturing possesses lightweight, high-strength, many premium propertiess such as good heat insulation, sound insulation.In American-European countries's use history of existing five more than ten years.

Expanded ceramsite is meant the light-weight aggregate made from manual method.Principal item comprises the clay swelling haydite, shale expansion haydite, powder coal ash expanding haydite.

The clay swelling haydite is to be raw material with the clay, burns to expand through balling-up to form; The shale expansion haydite be divided into shale be crushed to certain particle size directly calcining and shale pulverized granulation after calcine two kinds of methods again; The traditional production method of powder coal ash expanding haydite has following several:

(1) batching, granulation, the calcining in certain proportion of flyash and clay and expansion aiding agent forms.Its medium clay soil plays binding agent,

(2) flyash and spent pulping liquor batching, granulation, calcining forms.Wherein low pulp waste plays binding agent, expansion aiding agent.As Japanese Patent Laid promptly is this method No. 288697.

Produce the expanded ceramsite that is suitable for industrial use, in the technological process of calcining haydite, must possess following two conditions simultaneously:

(1) at a certain temperature, the skin at haydite forms one deck viscid, air-locked fused matter;

(2) simultaneously, must there be the chemical reaction that discharges gas take place in haydite inside, and can produces enough pressure and make the pellet expansion,

What raw material production expanded ceramsite that don't work all must impel above-mentioned two conditions to form simultaneously by stable technology method.With the clay is the clay swelling haydite of feedstock production, and raw material resources are very abundant, but in arable area limited today, a large amount of use glue ± is used for building, and is disadvantageous to the mankind's development.On the angle that economizes the land resource, use clay to prepare expanded ceramsite, not the developing direction of this area.The expanding powder flyash haydite not only has all premium propertiess of expanded ceramsite, more because it is that to utilize the waste residue-fly ash in electric power plant of power plant emission be main raw material, environment protection and economic Sustainable development is had significance.But all be unable to do without in the middle of the batching of expanding powder flyash haydite with the matrix material of clay, and in the successful proportioning, the shared ratio of clay all is not less than 35% as granulation in the past.So just need to consume a large amount of land resources; even to be cost to occupy cultivated land; this just makes the environment protection effect of expanding powder flyash haydite have a greatly reduced quality, and therefore needs to seek new matrix material substitute for clay, thereby makes the expanding powder flyash haydite that more vast potential for future development be arranged.

All need to add a small amount of expansion aiding agent in the batching of expanding powder flyash haydite, the effect of expansion aiding agent is exactly under the condition of high temperature, when the skin of haydite forms one deck viscid, in the time of air-locked fused matter, produces the gas that possesses enough pressure in inside, makes haydite swelling.In the achievement in research of present reported expanding powder flyash haydite, expansion aiding agent all belongs to restricted area, and because the expansion aiding agent price is higher, although its ratio shared in batching is very low, still accounts for bigger ratio in raw materials cost constitutes.

Summary of the invention: the present invention is a raw material with the waste residue fly ash in electric power plant of power plant emission, with cheap, resource extensively, the shale that easily obtains is expansion aiding agent and binding agent, purpose provides a kind of intensity height, and haydite density and tap density are little, the composite expansion haycite of flyash and shale that water-intake rate is high.

The present invention is a main raw material with the waste residue and pulverized fuel ash of power station discharging, is expansion aiding agent and binding agent with natural mineral shale.After the shale pulverizing, to prepare burden by a certain percentage with flyash, mixing and stirring is made the ball material then, gives heat, calcining, cooling, screening at last.In flyash mixing and system ball process, shale powder bonds together flyash, forms spheroid.When giving heat and calcining, the outer layer growing of the above-mentioned spheroid that forms under the certain temperature goes out one deck viscid, air-locked fused matter.Chemical reaction takes place in the inside at above-mentioned spheroid, generates gas, and produces enough pressure, and pellet is expanded.

In geological notion, shale has a variety of, and the used shale of the present invention is to define from the characteristic angle that is used for expanded ceramsite production.Shale can be divided into burning and expand shale and can not burn the shale two big classes that expand under heaving shales haydite incinerating technology condition.The used shale of the present invention comprises to burn and expands shale and can not burn the shale two big classes that expand.

Burning that the present invention is used expanded shale and can not be burnt bloated shale, replaces the clay in other expanded ceramsite to play binding agent, and complete lean property flyash used among the present invention is bonded together, and makes and forms the required sphere of haydite.

In addition, the used shale of the present invention plays swelling agent in the lytag calcination process.Prepare burden in varing proportions with flyash with shale, at a certain temperature, the air-locked fused matter of skin formation one deck viscid at pellet can produce the gas that possesses enough pressure in pellet inside simultaneously, pellet is expanded, form the haydite that is applicable to the construction work requirement.

The weight proportion of raw materials used flyash of the present invention and shale is: flyash 30%～80%, shale 70%～20%.

The chemical constitution of the flyash of different power plant emissions is different; The chemical constitution of the shale in the different places of production is also different.Both proportionings will be determined according to the performance of the Chemical Composition of raw material and the haydite that will produce.

(1) with shale as binding agent, shale powder and flyash proportion are respectively and carried out balling-up experiment in 4: 6,5: 5, respond well, wet bulb highly falls from 2 meters and does not break; Wet bulb is directly delivered under room temperature environment 300 ℃, 400 ℃, 500 ℃, 600 ℃ the thermal environment, is heated to over dry, and ball does not have explosion.This illustrates with the binding agent of shale as the lytag balling-up, wet bulb intensity height, and anti-spalling is good, can adapt to the needs of industrial-scale production.

(2) be the 1:1 batching with shale and flyash proportion, carry out lytag and burn the experiment of expanding.Calcine the lytag that can make following performance by different thermal regulations.

Proportioning: shale 50% flyash 50%	Haydite density g/cm ³	Tap density kg/m ³	Water-intake rate %	Break planar condition
Proportioning: shale 50% flyash 50%	Haydite density g/cm ³	Tap density kg/m ³	Water-intake rate %	Break planar condition	Sample A	0.849	467	10.3	The particle epidermis is the thick sorrel duricrust of one deck 1～2mm, and the center is the vesicular grey black.
Sample B	0.898	494	8.4		Sample A	0.849	467	10.3
Sample B	0.898	494	8.4	Sample C	0.930	512	7.3
Sample D	0.960	528	4.0	Sample C	0.930	512	7.3	The particle section is a sorrel, and small pore evenly gathers.
Sample D	0.960	528	4.0	Sample E	1.170	644	2.0

Experimental result shows, shale and flyash batching are produced flyash-shale composite expansion haycite can receive the good burning effect that expands.

Embodiment: make 600 grades of flyash-shale composite expansion haycites by this preparation expanded ceramsite method.

1, raw material: certain power plant fly ash, certain place of production shale.

2, raw material Chemical Composition:

Composition % SiO ₂Al ₂O ₃Fe ₂O ₃CaO MgO Na ₂O K ₂Finger is moulded in O igloss

Flyash 65.86 21.38 4.19 1.43 1.51 1.02 2.54 1.92

Shale 59.76 16.41 6.13 2.28 3.21 2.76 3.52 4.88 14.2

3, proportioning raw materials (weight %)

Flyash 50%, shale 50%

4, admixtion Chemical Composition:

Admixtion 62.8l 18.9 5.17 1.86 2.37 1.89 3.03 3.40

5, admixtion moisture content: 27%

6, give heat, calcinating system

(1) wet bulb is gone into kiln for 400 ℃ and is given heat, drying, 15～20 minutes cycles.

(2) pellet goes into to burn till stagnant temperature: 1080 ℃

(3) burn 1130 ℃ of bloated temperature

(4) 1080 ℃ to 1130 ℃ heated up 12～20 minutes.

7, burn till the composite expanded pottery of back flyash-shale and expect relevant performance index:

Pellet density: 1.02g/cm ³

Water-intake rate: 7.8%

Tap density: 561kg/m ³

Resulting product is 600 grades of flyash-shale composite expansion haycite.

Claims

1, a kind of composite expansion haycite of flyash and shale includes major ingredient, swelling agent and binding agent, it is characterized in that major ingredient is that flyash, swelling agent and binding agent are shale; Is flyash 30%～80% being ground into powdered shale with the flyash weight ratio, and the mixed of shale 70%～20% forms the ball material; At a certain temperature, ball material outer layer growing goes out the air-locked fused matter of one deck viscid, and inside produces gas and produces enough pressure, and the ball material is expanded, and forms the composite expansion haycite with flyash and shale composition.

2, composite expansion haycite of flyash and shale according to claim 1 is characterized in that shale can be to burn bloated shale, also can be to burn bloated shale.

3, composite expansion haycite of flyash and shale according to claim 2, the weight ratio that it is characterized in that major ingredient flyash and binding agent, expansion aiding agent shale is a flyash 70%, shale 30%.