CN1450015A - Building material additives with automatic humidity-regulating function and preparation process and use thereof - Google Patents
Building material additives with automatic humidity-regulating function and preparation process and use thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1450015A CN1450015A CN 03112380 CN03112380A CN1450015A CN 1450015 A CN1450015 A CN 1450015A CN 03112380 CN03112380 CN 03112380 CN 03112380 A CN03112380 A CN 03112380A CN 1450015 A CN1450015 A CN 1450015A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a building material additive with the fanction of automatically regulating humidity, belonging to the separation field of gas or steam. Its composition contains (by weight portion) 10-70 portions of sepiolite family minerals, 2-40 portions of wood fibre, 5-40 portions of compound phosphate, 0.1-10 portions of cellulose, 2-10.5 portions of active carbon, 0-3 portions of inorganic antibacterial agent and 0-3 portions of mildew-resisting agent, and its preparation method includes the following steps: pickling sepiolite family minerals, activating and mixing all the components, making slurry, forming, roasting and breaking, etc. Said invented additive can be added into various building materials, and can effectively improve indoor environment air quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the separation field of gas or steam, relate in particular to a kind of humidity-controlling functional material that carries out the indoor humidity adjustment by adsorption moisture or release moisture.
Background technology
As everyone knows, the relative humidity of human survival optimum environment is between 40～70%.
When relative humidity is lower than 40%, delamination, distortion can take place so that cracking in a lot of article such as paint, coating, bamboo wood, furniture etc., people's skin dries out and becomes dry, and because eye, nose and oral mucosa drying, people's respiratory system resistibility is descended, and people can not feel well even be sick; Simultaneously, ambient moisture is low excessively, causes the very strong gram-positive microorganism reproduction speed of influenza virus and virulence to be accelerated, and with the dust diffusion, easily causes the popular of disease and transmissible disease.
And when relative humidity greater than 70% the time, bacterium and microbial reproduction quicken, and people are caught easily; The wall in organic goods such as leather, bamboo wood, textiles, food, medicine and room etc. goes mouldy, damages by worms.
Zones such as building venue, dwelling house, owing to be subjected to season, environmental influence, indoor material is rotten to cause mould to breed in a large number, makes the intensity of buildings be badly damaged, but also can produce a large amount of germs and go mouldy, and mankind's activity or living environment are worsened.
Address this problem, prior art uses the atmospheric moisture setting device to the indoor ventilation that dehumidifies more; So not only can consume electric power, and because coal fired power generation also can produce more greenhouse gases, and nonideal selection.
Therefore, research and development can produce absorption, desorption performance to indoor water vapour automatically under the different humidity condition, and have the particularly necessary from humidity adjusting material of antibiotic and antimildew function.
The material that only possesses wettability power is commonly called siccative.So-called from humidity adjusting material, be meant that have can be according to the variation of humidity in the ambient air, can be automatically from ambient air draws water the moisture that stores in the material can be released into material in the ambient air again.Because it possesses the function of absorption and discharging moisture, when indoor environment humidity raise, it can absorb airborne moisture, and indoor humidity is descended; When indoor environment humidity reduced, it can discharge adsorbed moisture, indoor humidity is raise, thereby reach the purpose of regulating, control indoor air humidity with the variation of environment automatically.
September 4 2002 day for announcing, a kind of sepiolite type natural mineral series active drying agent and manufacturing process thereof are disclosed in the Chinese patent of notification number CN1367035A, it handles the sepiolite ore with chemical process, add other nonmetalliferous ore of the natural water-retaining capacity of tool of different content and make serial dried drying prescription, be applicable to food, medicine, transportation, the product protection against the tide of industries such as electronics.Can only be dry but there is, can not regulate the deficiency of atmospheric moisture automatically.
Summary of the invention
But but technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of not only moisture absorption but also moisture releasing, can regulate the having from building materials additive of damping function and its production and application of indoor air humidity automatically.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of building materials additive that has from the damping function is provided, it is characterized in that the components by weight percent of additive is as follows:
Sepiolite group mineral: 10～70 parts; Wood fibre: 2～40 parts; Composite phosphate: 5～40 parts; Mierocrystalline cellulose: 0.1～10 part; Gac: 2～10.5 parts; Inorganic antiseptic: 0～3 part; Mould inhibitor: 0～3 part.
Wherein, described sepiolite group mineral comprise sepiolite, attapulgite and/or Palygorskite; Described wood fibre comprises wood chip or modified wood chips; Described composite phosphate comprises calcium phosphate, trimagnesium phosphate, zinc phosphate, Calcium Pyrophosphate, magnesium pyrophosphate and/or zinc pyrophosphate; Described Mierocrystalline cellulose comprises methylcellulose gum, ethyl cellulose, propyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose and/or cellulose acetate; Described gac is a granulated active carbon; Described inorganic antiseptic comprises rare earth activated inorganic antiseptic agent, silver-based inorganic antibacterial agent and/or glassiness inorganic antiseptic; Described mould inhibitor comprises zinc oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide and/or aluminum oxide.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method who has from the building materials additive of damping function, it is characterized in that preparation technology comprises the following steps:
(1) sepiolite group mineral pre-treatment: comprise pickling and activation, with the diluted mineral acid aqueous solution to its pickling after 5～60 minutes, 80～300 ℃/activation 6～24 hours;
(2) preparation is from the building materials additive of damping function: comprise mixing, slurrying, moulding, roasting, fragmentation, pretreated sepiolite group mineral, wood fibre, composite phosphate and granulated active carbon mix makes mixing raw material; The cellulose aqueous solution that adds 2～12%w/w in mixing raw material stirs and makes slurry; The slurry modeling is shaped to base substrate; Base substrate was made grog in 8～24 hours 150～200 ℃/roasting; Grog is broken into 200～400 order particles, promptly makes the additive finished product.
The present invention also provides the another kind of preparation method who has from the building materials additive of damping function, it is characterized in that preparation technology comprises the following steps:
(1) sepiolite group mineral pre-treatment: comprise pickling and activation, with the diluted mineral acid aqueous solution to its pickling after 5～60 minutes, 80～300 ℃/activation 6～24 hours;
(2) preparation is from the building materials additive of damping function: comprise mixing, slurrying, moulding, roasting, fragmentation, pretreated sepiolite group mineral, wood fibre, composite phosphate, granulated active carbon, inorganic antiseptic and mould inhibitor mix makes mixing raw material; The cellulose aqueous solution that adds 2～12%w/w in mixing raw material stirs and makes slurry; The slurry modeling is shaped to base substrate; Base substrate was made grog in 8～24 hours 150～200 ℃/roasting; Grog is broken into 200～400 order particles, promptly makes the additive finished product.
The present invention also provides a kind of building materials Application of Additives that has from the damping function, it is characterized in that additive is added in sand-cement slurry, lime mortar, indoor wall coating or the light composite ceiling board raw material, construction process continues construction routinely, can make the indoor wall, metope or the smallpox sheet material that have from the damping function.
Compared with the prior art, advantage of the present invention is:
1. have good from the damping function.The building inner decorative material (as top ceiling), interior wall coating material of using this additive preparation can moisture absorptions when indoor humidity is high, moisture releasing when indoor humidity is low, thus indoor humidity is remained in the more comfortable scope of human body sensory.
2. by after pickling, the heat-activated, the specific surface area of sepiolite, attapulgite or Palygorskite can reach 400m
2More than/the g, structural characteristics make it possess a large amount of moisture moisture and the ability of harmful chemical of adsorbing.
3. use wood fibres such as wood chip or modified wood chips can strengthen the damping performance, can also realize the comprehensive utilization of waste resource.
4. be added with Mierocrystalline cellulose and composite phosphate, behind sintering, produce the secondary aperture that is different from the sepiolite microvoid structure, changed the wetting ability of secondary aperture and the flowing-path of water molecules, under the situation of external energy not, changed that according to ambient moisture water molecules is discharged voluntarily.
5. adding has suitable sterilant and mould inhibitor, can make to have automatic humidifying, be adsorbed with harmful substances and material of construction antibiotic, antimildew function, can effectively improve the indoor air quality of room and working space.
6. raw material obtains easily, and production technique is simple, and low cost of manufacture has good market outlook and application value.
7. use this additive, can reduce or cancel the working time and the number of times of indoor air humidity setting device, save energy.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is further elaborated.
Fig. 1 is the microtexture synoptic diagram of additive of the present invention.
1 is the micropore in the sepiolite group mineral after overpickling, heat-activated among the figure; The 2nd, through sintering process, discharge the secondary aperture that the back forms as the fibrin gasification of modeling forming agent.
Embodiment
Among Fig. 1, the outside of the micropore 1 after overpickling, heat-activated in the sepiolite group mineral is inclusive with through the sintering process fibrin gasification and discharges a large amount of secondary apertures 2 that the back forms, and both form symbiosis pore structure form.
Additive of the present invention is from the humidity adjusting material main body with the sepiolite breeze of porous matter, makes it to form the micropore 1 of a large amount of several nm to tens nm by pickling, activation modification, and these micropores can absorb and store moisture automatically in moderate amount of moisture (40%-80%) scope; Use the method for modeling shaping modification, in the sepiolite behind overpickling, activation modification, add Mierocrystalline cellulose and phosphoric acid salt, with certain temperature sintering; Fibrin gasification as the modeling forming agent in the sintering process is discharged, and forms the secondary aperture 2 about a large amount of 30nm; Adding phosphoric acid salt improves the wetting ability of secondary aperture 2 inwalls; By adding wood fibre, adsorptive power and the damping performance of gac to strengthen this additive; By the combination and the acting in conjunction of said components,, promptly can be made into the building materials additive that has automatic humidifying, is adsorbed with harmful substances through aforesaid preparation process.
Embodiment 1
(1) getting commercially available sepiolite powder 10kg, is that 4% aqueous hydrochloric acid carries out pickling in 5 minutes with concentration, and the consumption of acid exceeds with the submergence powder;
(2) sepiolite powder after the pickling is carried out 24 hours activation treatment under 80 ℃ of temperature;
(3) sepiolite after will activating and the commercially available wood chip of 2kg, the commercially available particle diameter of the 5kg calcium phosphate and the commercially available mesopore granulated active carbon of 2kg that are 2 microns mixed 3 hours, made mixing raw material;
(4) the commercially available methylcellulose gum of 0.1kg is added water and be configured to weight concentration than the cellulose aqueous solution that is 2%;
(5) in mixing raw material, add cellulose aqueous solution, stirred 1 hour, make slurry;
(6) pour slurry into mould, modeling is shaped to the rectangle base substrate of 10 * 10 * 10cm;
(7) base substrate is carried out roasting in 24 hours under 150 ℃ of temperature, make grog;
(8) grog is broken into 400 order particles, promptly makes the additive finished product;
(9) additive is added in the indoor wall coating by 6% part by weight, construction process continues construction routinely, can make the indoor wall that has from the damping function.
Sepiolite (sepiolite, Mg8[Si
12O
30] (OH)
412H
2O), belong to sepiolite group (comprising sepiolite, attapulgite or Palygorskite), be a kind ofly to have the rich magnesium porous matter clay mineral of monocline or rhombic system laminate structure (referring to the chemical industry dictionary, August in 2000 the 4th edition is P.348), it has zeolite water passage and the tubulose penetrating via that runs through entire structure.Actual specific surface area is generally 230m
2About/g, can reach 400m by specific surface area after pickling, the heat-activated
2More than/the g.Because sepiolite has big specific surface area and duct hole, thereby can adsorb a large amount of water and polar material.At normal temperatures and pressures, the sepiolite water that can adsorb is bigger 2～2.5 times than itself weight.
Present wetting ability owing to containing a large amount of hydroxyls in the wood fibre (wood fibres), draw extraneous moisture easily.When temperature is 150-300 ℃, the wood materials pyrolysis is apparent in view, the chemical constitution of wood materials begins to change, unstable components wherein, decompose volatilization such as the material that generates carbonic acid gas and carbon monoxide as hemicellulose, form vesicular structure, help better bringing into play its absorption and humidity conditioning function.Wood chip for well, also can adopt assorted pine sawdust with the timber of Fagaceae, Betulaceae or needle Ochnaceae; If can adopt 0.5～8% sig water (as sodium hydroxide NaOH) to soak before use and be processed into modified wood chips, then better effects if in 1～6 hour.
Gac (active carbon) has vesicular structure, and gas, steam or colloidal solids are had powerful adsorptive power, and the total surface area of its every gram can reach 500～1000m
2Granulated active carbon (granular active carbon) can be used for adsorbed gas and steam.
Mierocrystalline cellulose (cellulosre, (C
6H
10O
5)
n), a kind of natural organic high-molecular compound is made up of many dehydration β-glucose, can the coking gradually owing to dewater when being heated to more than 150 ℃.
Water adsorption phenomenon in the above-mentioned humidity adjusting material be since in the sepiolite structure kapillary contraction of micropore produce, the condensing pore radius and the relation of relative humidity are expressed as with Kelvin equation: r=-(2V γ cos θ)/RTLn (P/P
0).Can extrapolate in theory, in relative humidity 40%-90% scope, the radius of pore should be 2-10nm.By a large amount of such micropore that exactly distributing in the sepiolite structure after pickling, the heat-activated modification, make it have very big suction, moisture releasing capacity.
The dehumidification process then is that the intrinsic standoff ratio at interface is enough to overcome the tension force on pore surface when external environment atmospheric moisture step-down, and the moisture in the micropore is separated out.This inverse process is normally not unapproachable under the situation of energy in addition in conventional material.
Discover that contain the big slightly secondary aperture of radius in the outside of sepiolite micropore, improving its wetting ability can be attracted to the moisture in the sepiolite structure micropore in the secondary aperture, is discharged in the air by the secondary aperture again, finishes the moisture releasing process.
Experiment shows that the effect when the little pore radius of the secondary of generation is the 30nm left and right sides is best.Find simultaneously, in humidity adjusting material to inhale, the moisture releasing capacity is reigning, is by causing several nm that kapillary shrinks micropore to tens nm; And what moisture was played diffusion and controlled its velocity of diffusion is secondary aperture more than the 30nm.
Sepiolite can be selected earthy sepiolite or the fiber sepiolite product that Yi County, Hebei, Leping, Jiangxi or liuyang hunan are produced for use in the present embodiment; It is the lignocellulosic products of the precious permanent wood fibre of German import wood fibre or the Jilin Province limited liability company of TC165～5000 that wood chip can be selected the trade mark for use; Granulated active carbon can be selected the ZH series of Zhuhai starlight gac company limited, the PR-Z series of Foochow benefit ring carbon element company limited or the PJ series granulated active carbon product of Shanxi Xinhua Chemical Plant for use; Carboxymethyl cellulose can be selected the product of Shandong auspicious safe chemical industry (group) company limited or Wenzhou Ouhai daily-use chemical industry company for use, and other prescription materials do not have particular requirement.
Test result to the additive that makes according to present embodiment prescription and method:
(1) the damping performance of additive:
Moisture uptake: ambient moisture is 90% o'clock, and water-intake rate 75% in 24 hours; The moisture releasing amount: ambient moisture is 20% o'clock, 24 hours rates 70% that discharge water.
(2) the damping performance of indoor wall:
Moisture uptake: ambient moisture is 90% o'clock, 24 hours water regain 90g/m
2The moisture releasing amount: ambient moisture is 20% o'clock, 24 hours rate 50g/m that discharge water
2
Embodiment 2
(1) getting commercially available sepiolite powder 70kg, is that 8% aqueous sulfuric acid carries out pickling in 60 minutes with concentration, and the consumption of acid exceeds with the submergence powder;
(2) sepiolite powder after the pickling is carried out 6 hours activation treatment under 300 ℃ of temperature;
(3) sepiolite after will activating and 40kg through 5.6% sig water (as sodium hydroxide NaOH, down with) to soak the commercially available particle diameter of handling in 3.5 hours of wood chip, 40kg be that 10 microns the commercially available microporous particles gac of trimagnesium phosphate, 10.5kg, the commercially available rare earth activated inorganic antiseptic agent of 3kg and 3kg particle diameter is that the zinc oxide (as mould inhibitor) of 35 nanometers mixed in stirrer 6 hours, makes mixing raw material;
(4) cellulose acetate of 10kg is added water and be configured to weight concentration than the cellulose aqueous solution that is 12%;
(5) in mixing raw material, add cellulose aqueous solution, in stirrer, stirred 5 hours, make slurry;
(6) pour slurry into mould, it is that 5cm, height are the right cylinder base substrate of 10cm that modeling is shaped to radius;
(7) base substrate is carried out roasting in 8 hours under 200 ℃ of temperature, make grog;
(8) grog is broken into 200 order particles, promptly makes the additive finished product;
(9) additive is added in the light composite ceiling board raw material by 15% part by weight, construction process continues to make construction routinely, can make to have from damping and light composite ceiling board antibiotic, antimildew function.
In the present embodiment, the rare earth activated inorganic antiseptic agent can be selected the product of Shandong Origine Nanomaterial Engineering Co., Ltd. or Zhoushan Tomorrow Nanomaterials Co., Ltd for use, Nano-class zinc oxide can adopt the product of honor industry nano material company limited or Shanxi Feng Hai nanosecond science and technology company limited, and all the other are with embodiment 1.
By adding antiseptic-germicide and mould inhibitor, make this additive increase antibiotic, antimildew function on basic having to get from the damping function.
Test result to the additive that makes according to present embodiment prescription and method:
(1) the damping performance of additive:
Moisture uptake: ambient moisture is 90% o'clock, and water-intake rate 90% in 24 hours; The moisture releasing amount: ambient moisture is 20% o'clock, 24 hours rates 85% that discharge water.
(2) the damping performance of indoor ceiling:
Moisture uptake: ambient moisture is 90% o'clock, 24 hours water regain 100g/m
2The moisture releasing amount: ambient moisture is 20% o'clock, 24 hours rate 70g/m that discharge water
2
(3) the antibacterial and mouldproof performance of indoor ceiling:
But streptococcus aureus was killed rate in 24 hours: greater than 99.7%; To the streptococcus aureus antibacterial circle diameter: greater than 12mm; But intestinal bacteria were killed rate in 24 hours: greater than 94.9%; To the intestinal bacteria antibacterial circle diameter: greater than 12mm; To the cladosporium herbarum sterilizing rate: more than 90%; To the aspergillus niger sterilizing rate: more than 90%.
Embodiment 3
(1) getting commercially available sepiolite powder 40kg, is 7% aqueous nitric acid pickling 32 minutes with concentration;
(2) sepiolite powder after the pickling is carried out 15 hours activation treatment under 190 ℃ of temperature;
(3) to soak the commercially available particle diameter of handling in 6 hours of wood chip, 22.5kg through 0.5% sig water be that 6 microns the commercially available nanoporous granulated active carbon of zinc phosphate, 6.25kg, calcium oxide and the commercially available silver-based inorganic antibacterial agent of 1.5kg that the 1.5kg particle diameter is 67 nanometers mixed in stirrer 4.5 hours for sepiolite after will activating and 21kg, makes mixing raw material;
(4) carboxymethyl cellulose of 5kg is added water and be configured to weight concentration than the cellulose aqueous solution that is 7%;
(5) in mixing raw material, add cellulose aqueous solution, in stirrer, stirred 3 hours, make slurry;
(6) pour slurry into mould, it is that 5cm, height are the right cylinder base substrate of 5cm that modeling is shaped to radius;
(7) base substrate is carried out roasting in 16 hours under 175 ℃ of temperature, make grog;
(8) grog is broken into 300 order particles, promptly makes the additive finished product;
(9) additive is added in the sand-cement slurry by 9% part by weight, construction process continues construction routinely, can make the indoor wall that has from damping and antibacterial.
In the present embodiment, silver-based inorganic antibacterial agent can be selected the product of Shandong Origine Nanomaterial Engineering Co., Ltd. or Zhoushan Tomorrow Nanomaterials Co., Ltd for use, and all the other are with embodiment 2.
Test result to the additive that makes according to present embodiment prescription and method:
(1) the damping performance of additive:
Moisture uptake: ambient moisture is 80% o'clock, and water-intake rate 82% in 24 hours; The moisture releasing amount: ambient moisture is 30% o'clock, 24 hours rates 77% that discharge water.
(2) the damping performance of indoor wall:
Moisture uptake: ambient moisture is 80% o'clock, 24 hours water regain 95g/m
2The moisture releasing amount: ambient moisture is 30% o'clock, 24 hours rate 60g/m that discharge water
2
(3) anti-microbial property of indoor wall:
But streptococcus aureus was killed rate in 24 hours: greater than 99%; To the streptococcus aureus antibacterial circle diameter: greater than 11.5mm; But intestinal bacteria were killed rate in 24 hours: greater than 99%; To the intestinal bacteria antibacterial circle diameter: greater than 11.8mm.
Embodiment 4
(1) getting commercially available sepiolite or Attapulgite stone flour 25kg, is that 2.5% aqueous nitric acid carries out pickling in 60 minutes with concentration;
(2) sepiolite after the pickling or Attapulgite stone flour are carried out 19.5 hours activation treatment under 135 ℃ of temperature;
(3) to soak the commercially available particle diameter of handling in 5.3 hours of wood chip, 13.5kg through 1.8% sig water be that magnesium oxide or the aluminum oxide that 4 microns Calcium Pyrophosphate or magnesium pyrophosphate, 4.2kg micropore or nanoporous granulated active carbon, the commercially available glassiness inorganic antiseptic of 0.75kg and 0.75kg particle diameter are 50 nanometers mixed in stirrer 3.75 hours for sepiolite after will activating or Attapulgite stone flour and 11.5kg, makes mixing raw material;
(4) ethyl cellulose of 2.6kg or propyl cellulose are added water and be configured to weight concentration than the cellulose aqueous solution that is 9.5%;
(5) in mixing raw material, add cellulose aqueous solution, in stirrer, stirred 2 hours, make slurry;
(6) pour slurry into mould, modeling is shaped to the rectangle base substrate of 10 * 10 * 10cm;
(7) base substrate is carried out roasting in 20 hours under 162 ℃ of temperature, make grog;
(8) grog is broken into 250 order particles, promptly makes the additive finished product;
(9) additive is added in the lime mortar by 5.5% part by weight, construction process continues to make construction routinely, can make to have from damping and indoor wall antibiotic, bacteria resistance function.
In the present embodiment, glassiness inorganic antiseptic can be selected the product of Shandong Origine Nanomaterial Engineering Co., Ltd. for use, and all the other together
Embodiment 2.
Embodiment 5
(1) getting commercially available attapulgite or Palygorskite powder 55kg, is that 6% aqueous sulfuric acid carries out pickling in 18 minutes with concentration;
(2) attapulgite after the pickling or Palygorskite powder are carried out 10.5 hours activation treatment under 245 ℃ of temperature;
(3) attapulgite after will activating or Palygorskite and the commercially available wood chip of 30.5kg, the commercially available particle diameter of 31.2kg are that 8 microns zinc phosphate or Calcium Pyrophosphate, 8.4kg mesopore or nanoporous granulated active carbon and the commercially available rare earth activated inorganic antiseptic agent of 2.3kg or glassiness inorganic antiseptic mixed 5.25 hours, make mixing raw material;
(4) carboxymethyl cellulose of 7.5kg or cellulose acetate are added water and be configured to weight concentration than the cellulose aqueous solution that is 4.5%;
(5) in mixing raw material, add cellulose aqueous solution, in stirrer, stirred 4 hours, make slurry;
(6) pour slurry into mould, it is 5cm that modeling is shaped to radius, and height is the right cylinder base substrate of 5cm;
(7) base substrate is carried out roasting in 12 hours under 187 ℃ of temperature, make grog;
(8) grog is broken into 350 order particles, promptly makes the additive finished product;
(9) additive is added in the lime mortar by 12% part by weight, construction process continues construction routinely, can make the indoor wall that has from damping and antibacterial.
In the present embodiment, antiseptic-germicide can be selected the product of Shandong Origine Nanomaterial Engineering Co., Ltd. for use, and all the other are with embodiment 2.
Test result to the additive that makes according to present embodiment prescription and method:
(1) the damping performance of additive:
Moisture uptake: ambient moisture is 80% o'clock, and water-intake rate 68% in 24 hours;
The moisture releasing amount: ambient moisture is 30% o'clock, 24 hours rates 57% that discharge water.
(2) the damping performance of indoor wall:
Moisture uptake: ambient moisture is 80% o'clock, 24 hours water regain 85g/m
2
The moisture releasing amount: ambient moisture is 20% o'clock, 24 hours rate 53g/m that discharge water
2
(3) anti-microbial property of indoor wall:
But streptococcus aureus was killed rate in 24 hours: greater than 99.2%;
To the streptococcus aureus antibacterial circle diameter: greater than 12mm;
But intestinal bacteria were killed rate in 24 hours: greater than 96.8%;
To the intestinal bacteria antibacterial circle diameter: greater than 11.8mm.
Embodiment 6
(1) the sepiolite group mineral are selected sepiolite or Palygorskite for use, and the aqueous nitric acid with 4.75% carries out pickling in 46 minutes;
(2) the sepiolite group mineral after the pickling are carried out 20 hours activation treatment under 180 ℃ of temperature;
(3) sepiolite group mineral after will activating and 2kg soak the wood chip handled in 1 hour, Calcium Pyrophosphate that particle diameter is 8 microns or zinc pyrophosphate and mesopore or microporous particles gac through 8% sig water and mix and make mixing raw material;
(4) ethyl cellulose of 7.5kg or carboxymethyl cellulose are added water and be configured to weight concentration than the cellulose aqueous solution that is 6%;
(5) in mixing raw material, add cellulose aqueous solution, in stirrer, stirred 4 hours, make slurry;
(6) modeling is shaped to the rectangle base substrate of 10 * 10 * 10cm;
(7) base substrate is carried out roasting in 20 hours under 162 ℃ of temperature, make grog;
(8) grog is broken into 250 order particles, promptly makes the additive finished product;
(9) additive is added in the light composite ceiling board raw material by 6% part by weight, construction process continues to make construction routinely, can make the light composite ceiling board that has from the damping function.
All the other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 7
(1) select each 20kg of attapulgite and Palygorskite for use, the aqueous hydrochloric acid with 6% carries out pickling in 32 minutes;
(2) the sepiolite group mineral after the pickling are carried out 18 hours activation treatment under 200 ℃ of temperature;
(3) the sepiolite group mineral after will activating and 7.5kg wood chip, the 2.5kg particle diameter magnesium pyrophosphate that is 8 microns and 2.5kg zinc pyrophosphate and 1kg nanoporous and 1kg microporous particles gac mix and make mixing raw material;
(4) cellulose acetate of 5.5kg and 3kg ethyl cellulose are added water and be configured to weight concentration than the cellulose aqueous solution that is 8%;
(5) in mixing raw material, add cellulose aqueous solution, in stirrer, stirred 5.5 hours, make slurry;
(6) modeling is shaped to the rectangle base substrate of 10 * 10 * 10cm;
(7) base substrate is carried out roasting in 10 hours under 190 ℃ of temperature, make grog;
(8) grog is broken into 380 order particles, promptly makes the additive finished product;
(9) additive is added in the indoor wall coating raw material by 10% part by weight, construction process continues to make construction routinely, can make the indoor wall that has from the damping function.
All the other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 8
(1) select 40kg sepiolite and 30kg attapulgite for use, the aqueous hydrochloric acid with 7% carries out pickling in 18 minutes;
(2) the sepiolite group mineral after the pickling are carried out 12 hours activation treatment under 220 ℃ of temperature;
(3) sepiolite group mineral after will activating and 36kg soak aluminum oxide that the wood chip handled in 4 hours, zinc phosphate that the 30kg particle diameter is 3 microns and 10kg Calcium Pyrophosphate, 11kg microporous particles gac and 1kg particle diameter be 87 nanometers and 1kg zinc oxide through 3.75% sig water and mix and make mixing raw material;
(4) ethyl cellulose of 5.2kg and 4kg carboxymethyl cellulose are added water and be configured to weight concentration than the cellulose aqueous solution that is 10.5%;
(5) in mixing raw material, add cellulose aqueous solution, in stirrer, stirred 3.5 hours, make slurry;
(6) to be shaped to radius be 5cm in modeling, and height is the right cylinder base substrate of 10cm;
(7) base substrate is carried out roasting in 14 hours under 158 ℃ of temperature, make grog;
(8) grog is broken into 280 order particles, promptly makes the additive finished product;
(9) additive is added in the lime mortar by 14.5% part by weight, construction process continues construction routinely, can make the indoor wall that has from damping and bacteria resistance function.
All the other are with embodiment 2.
Present embodiment is joined the fungicidal properties of indoor wall:
To the cladosporium herbarum sterilizing rate: more than 91%; To the aspergillus niger sterilizing rate: more than 93%.
Embodiment 9
(1) the sepiolite group mineral are selected sepiolite or Palygorskite for use, and the aqueous nitric acid with 5% carries out pickling in 46 minutes;
(2) the sepiolite group mineral after the pickling are carried out 8 hours activation treatment under 300 ℃ of temperature;
(3) sepiolite after will activating and 28kg wood chip, the particle diameter calcium phosphate that is 8 microns or trimagnesium phosphate, microporous particles gac, 0.75kg silver-based inorganic antibacterial agent and the agent of 0.75kg rare earth activated inorganic antiseptic and particle diameter are that the zinc oxide of 100 nanometers or aluminum oxide mix and make mixing raw material;
(4) cellulose acetate of 7kg or methylcellulose gum are added water and be configured to weight concentration than the cellulose aqueous solution that is 3.5%;
(5) in mixing raw material, add cellulose aqueous solution, in stirrer, stirred 2.5 hours, make slurry;
(6) modeling is shaped to the rectangle base substrate of 15 * 15 * 15cm;
(7) base substrate is carried out roasting in 22 hours under 180 ℃ of temperature, make grog;
(8) grog is broken into 320 order particles, promptly makes the additive finished product;
(9) additive is added in the light composite ceiling board raw material by 13.5% part by weight, construction process continues to make construction routinely, can make the light composite ceiling board that has from damping, antibiotic, bacteria resistance function.
All the other are with embodiment 3.
Embodiment 10
(1) the sepiolite group mineral are selected attapulgite or Palygorskite for use, and the aqueous sulfuric acid with 3.6% carries out pickling in 46 minutes;
(2) the sepiolite group mineral after the pickling are carried out 23 hours activation treatment under 100 ℃ of temperature;
(3) sepiolite after will activating and 10kg wood chip, 10kg modified wood chips, the particle diameter trimagnesium phosphate that is 9 microns or zinc phosphate, mesopore or microporous particles gac, silver-based inorganic antibacterial agent or rare earth activated inorganic antiseptic agent and particle diameter are that the calcium oxide of 80 nanometers or magnesium oxide mix and makes mixing raw material;
(4) carboxymethyl cellulose of 1kg or propyl cellulose are added water and be configured to weight concentration than the cellulose aqueous solution that is 6.5%;
(5) in mixing raw material, add cellulose aqueous solution, in stirrer, stirred 3.5 hours, make slurry;
(6) modeling is shaped to the rectangle base substrate of 10 * 10 * 10cm;
(7) base substrate is carried out roasting in 15 hours under 190 ℃ of temperature, make grog;
(8) grog is broken into 220 order particles, promptly makes the additive finished product.
All the other are with embodiment 3.
Embodiment 11
(1) select 20kg sepiolite and 22kg Palygorskite for use, the aqueous hydrochloric acid with 6% carries out pickling in 40 minutes;
(2) sepiolite after the pickling and Palygorskite are carried out 14 hours activation treatment under 210 ℃ of temperature;
(3) sepiolite after will activating and Palygorskite and 18kg modified wood chips, 12kg particle diameter are that 6 microns magnesium pyrophosphate and 11kg zinc pyrophosphate, 7kg nanoporous granulated active carbon, 1kg silver-based inorganic antibacterial agent and 0.7 glassiness inorganic antiseptic and 0.8kg particle diameter are that the calcium oxide of 80 nanometers and 0.7 aluminum oxide mix and make mixing raw material;
(4) ethyl cellulose of 1kg and 0.8kg carboxymethyl cellulose are added water and be configured to weight concentration than the cellulose aqueous solution that is 8%;
(5) in mixing raw material, add cellulose aqueous solution, in stirrer, stirred 3.5 hours, make slurry;
(6) modeling is shaped to the rectangle base substrate of 5 * 5 * 5cm;
(7) base substrate is carried out roasting in 16 hours under 170 ℃ of temperature, make grog;
(8) grog is broken into 300 order particles, promptly makes the additive finished product.
All the other are with embodiment 3.
Embodiment 12
The sepiolite group mineral are selected sepiolite or attapulgite for use; Be added with 32kg in the component and soak the wood chip of handling in 4 hours, aluminum oxide or the magnesium oxide that the 2.2kg particle diameter is 80 nanometers through 3.75% sig water, all the other are with embodiment 5.
Although the present invention has been done detailed explanation, to those skilled in the art, only otherwise leaving the spirit and scope of the present invention can be obvious as various changes and modifications.
Claims (11)
1. building materials additive that has from the damping function, it is characterized in that: the components by weight percent of additive is as follows:
Sepiolite group mineral: 10～70 parts; Wood fibre: 2～40 parts; Composite phosphate: 5～40 parts; Mierocrystalline cellulose: 0.1～10 part; Gac: 2～10.5 parts; Inorganic antiseptic: 0～3 part; Mould inhibitor: 0～3 part.
2. according to the described building materials additive that has from the damping function of claim 1, it is characterized in that described sepiolite group mineral comprise sepiolite, polygorskite and/or attapulgite.
3. according to the described building materials additive that has from the damping function of claim 1, it is characterized in that described wood fibre comprises wood chip or modified wood chips.
4. according to the described building materials additive that has from the damping function of claim 1, it is characterized in that described composite phosphate comprises calcium phosphate, trimagnesium phosphate, zinc phosphate, Calcium Pyrophosphate, magnesium pyrophosphate and/or zinc pyrophosphate.
5. according to the building materials additive that has from the damping function as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described Mierocrystalline cellulose comprises methylcellulose gum, ethyl cellulose, propyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose and/or cellulose acetate.
6. according to the described building materials additive that has from the damping function of claim 1, it is characterized in that described gac is a granulated active carbon.
7. according to the described building materials additive that has from the damping function of claim 1, it is characterized in that described inorganic antiseptic comprises rare earth activated inorganic antiseptic agent, silver-based inorganic antibacterial agent and/or glassiness inorganic antiseptic.
8. according to the described building materials additive that has from the damping function of claim 1, it is characterized in that described mould inhibitor comprises zinc oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide and/or aluminum oxide.
9. preparation method who has from the building materials additive of damping function as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: preparation technology comprises the following steps:
(1) sepiolite group mineral pre-treatment: comprise pickling and activation, with the diluted mineral acid aqueous solution to its pickling after 5～60 minutes, 80～300 ℃/activation 6～24 hours;
(2) preparation is from the building materials additive of damping function: comprise mixing, slurrying, moulding, roasting, fragmentation, pretreated sepiolite group mineral, wood fibre, composite phosphate and granulated active carbon mix makes mixing raw material; The cellulose aqueous solution that adds 2～12%w/w in mixing raw material stirs and makes slurry; The slurry modeling is shaped to base substrate; Base substrate was made grog in 8～24 hours 150～200 ℃/roasting; Grog is broken into 200～400 order particles, promptly makes the additive finished product.
10. an another kind of preparation method who has from the building materials additive of damping function as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that preparation technology comprises the following steps:
(1) sepiolite group mineral pre-treatment: comprise pickling and activation, with the diluted mineral acid aqueous solution to its pickling after 5～60 minutes, 80～300 ℃/activation 6～24 hours;
(2) preparation is from the building materials additive of damping function: comprise mixing, slurrying, moulding, roasting, fragmentation, pretreated sepiolite group mineral, wood fibre, composite phosphate, granulated active carbon, inorganic antiseptic and mould inhibitor mix makes mixing raw material; The cellulose aqueous solution that adds 2～12%w/w in mixing raw material stirs and makes slurry; The slurry modeling is shaped to base substrate; Base substrate was made grog in 8～24 hours 150～200 ℃/roasting; Grog is broken into 200～400 order particles, promptly makes the additive finished product.
11. building materials Application of Additives that has from the damping function as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: additive is added in sand-cement slurry, lime mortar, indoor wall coating or the light composite ceiling board raw material, construction process continues construction routinely, can make the indoor wall, metope or the smallpox sheet material that have from the damping function.
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