CN109232012B - Attapulgite or bentonite-based plant fiber composite humidity control material - Google Patents
Attapulgite or bentonite-based plant fiber composite humidity control material Download PDFInfo
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- CN109232012B CN109232012B CN201811054044.7A CN201811054044A CN109232012B CN 109232012 B CN109232012 B CN 109232012B CN 201811054044 A CN201811054044 A CN 201811054044A CN 109232012 B CN109232012 B CN 109232012B
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of clay deep processing, and discloses a attapulgite or bentonite-based plant fiber composite humidity controlling material which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: plant fiber: attapulgite or bentonite: calcium chloride = 1: 1-5: 0.001 to 1; the preparation steps are as follows: firstly, preparing attapulgite or bentonite slurry and plant fiber slurry respectively, then uniformly mixing the attapulgite or bentonite slurry and the plant fiber slurry according to a certain proportion, adding a calcium chloride solution, stirring and dispersing, then carrying out deep-freezing and quick-freezing, and then carrying out freeze-drying treatment to obtain the composite humidity-controlling material; the obtained composite humidity-controlling material has the pore diameter mainly distributed in 5nm, the porosity up to 98.8 percent and the BET specific surface area of 70m2·g‑1An apparent density of 0.04 to 0.1 g/cm‑3The moisture absorption and release rate is as high as 60 percent of the mass of the material; the composite humidity-controlling material has low density, low heat conductivity, large moisture absorption and release capacity, simple preparation process, low raw material cost and no pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of clay deep processing, in particular to a attapulgite or bentonite-based plant fiber composite humidity-controlling material.
Background
The concept of humidity control material, which is a material capable of automatically adjusting the relative humidity of air without external means, was first proposed by the japanese scholars, west vine, and the like. The humidity controlling material can be classified into two broad categories, organic and inorganic, depending on the kind of the humidity controlling base material. The humidity control mechanism of the organic humidity control material can be understood as the interaction of various van der Waals forces between the surface of organic molecules and water molecules; the humidity control performance of the inorganic humidity control material is determined by the pore structure and the diffusion of water vapor molecules in the pores. In view of the mechanism of moisture absorption and desorption of the inorganic humidity control material, the process is substantially a process of condensation of water vapor in the pores of the material and vaporization of the liquid thereof, and this process depends on the size of the radius of the pores of the material. Research shows that the Kelvin pore radius range of the material is about 2-20 nm, namely, the water vapor has the reversible adsorption function in the pore diameter range.
The single humidity-controlling material is difficult to meet the requirements of high moisture absorption capacity and high moisture absorption and release speed at the same time, and the composite humidity-controlling material becomes a hot spot. The conditioning material prepared by compounding sodium metasilicate and soluble ferric salt can realize quick moisture release and has good repeated moisture absorption and release capacity; pengzhler (CN 102304348B) of Zhejiang science and technology discloses a preparation process of a composite humidity-controlling material of inorganic salt, diatomite and alumina, and the prepared material has high humidity response speed and high humidity content.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the attapulgite or bentonite-based plant fiber composite humidity controlling material which has good mechanical property, abundant ideal pore structure, low density, low thermal conductivity, large moisture absorption and release capacity, simple preparation process, low raw material cost and no pollution.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention provides an attapulgite or bentonite-based plant fiber composite humidity controlling material, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: plant fiber: attapulgite or bentonite: calcium chloride = 1: 1-5: 0.001 to 1.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the attapulgite or bentonite-based plant fiber composite humidity controlling material, which comprises the following steps: s1: preparing plant fiber slurry by using plant fibers and deionized water, and preparing attapulgite or bentonite slurry by using attapulgite or bentonite and deionized water; s2: mixing the plant fiber slurry with the attapulgite or bentonite slurry, adding calcium chloride and deionized water, uniformly stirring, and then carrying out deep-cooling quick-freezing to obtain a blocky solid; wherein the mass ratio of the plant fibers in the plant fiber slurry to the attapulgite or bentonite in the attapulgite or bentonite slurry to the calcium chloride is 1: 1-5: 0.001 to 1; s3: and (3) drying the blocky solid in vacuum at the temperature of below 20 ℃ below zero to obtain the attapulgite or bentonite-based plant fiber composite humidity-controlling material.
Further, in the S1, after adding calcium chloride and deionized water, and before deep-freezing and quick-freezing, 2-8% by mass of attapulgite or bentonite sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution with the concentration of 2wt% is added and uniformly stirred. The addition of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution can obviously improve the mechanical strength of the finally obtained composite humidity-controlling material.
Preferably, in the S1, the concentration of the plant fiber slurry is 1wt% to 2wt%, and the concentration of the attapulgite or bentonite slurry is 2wt% to 5 wt%.
Preferably, in the step S2, the ratio of the deionized water to the substances except for the deionized water in the final mixed slurry is 95-99: 1-5, that is, the total content of the substances except for the deionized water in the final mixed slurry is 1% -5%.
Preferably, in the S2, the temperature of the deep-freezing is-80 ℃ to-200 ℃.
Preferably, in the S3, the vacuum drying temperature is-20 ℃ to-70 ℃ and the vacuum drying time is 24h to 72 h.
Preferably, the plant fiber is wood fiber, bamboo fiber or grass fiber.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1, the plant fiber can construct a frame structure of the composite humidity-controlling material; the attapulgite clay has good affinity with plant fiber and is a natural one-dimensional nano material, and the attapulgite clay and the plant fiber are compounded to endow the composite humidity-controlling material with good mechanical property and rich ideal pore structure;
2, the attapulgite and the plant fiber have good hydrophilicity, and provide a material basis for humidity adjustment;
3, the composite humidity controlling material takes attapulgite as a main material and plant fiber as an auxiliary material, and the raw materials are cheap, green and nontoxic;
4, the composite humidity-controlling material has the pore diameter mainly distributed below 8nm, the porosity up to 98.8 percent and the BET specific surface area of 70m2·g-1An apparent density of 0.04 to 0.1 g/cm-3The moisture absorption and release rate is as high as 60 percent of the mass of the material;
5, the composite humidity control material has low density, low thermal conductivity, large moisture absorption and release capacity, simple preparation process, low raw material cost and no pollution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM electron microscope image of the attapulgite-based plant fiber composite humidity controlling material;
FIG. 2 is an SEM electron microscope image of the attapulgite-based plant fiber composite humidity controlling material;
FIG. 3 is a pore size distribution curve diagram of the attapulgite-based plant fiber composite humidity controlling material.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1:
the embodiment provides an attapulgite-based wood fiber composite humidity-controlling material, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: plant fiber: attapulgite or bentonite: calcium chloride = 1: 4: 0.556.
the preparation method of the attapulgite-based wood fiber composite humidity controlling material comprises the following steps:
taking 2g of primary wood pulp, adding 100g of deionized water, soaking for 30min, and homogenizing for 3min for 10 times by a homogenizer to obtain 2wt% wood fiber slurry; taking 5g of the attapulgite-based composite humidity-regulating material, adding 95g of deionized water, and pulping for 30min at 10000rpm of a pulping machine to prepare 5wt% of attapulgite slurry; taking 4g of 5wt% attapulgite clay slurry, adding 2.5g of 2wt% wood fiber slurry, 0.0278g of calcium chloride and 3.5g of deionized water, pulping at high speed and mixing uniformly; pouring the mixed sample into a mould to carry out quick freezing at-196 ℃; and (4) carrying out freeze-drying treatment on the frozen sample to finally obtain the attapulgite-based composite humidity-regulating material. The density of the obtained sample was 0.042g/cm3BET specific surface area 68m2·g-1The maximum moisture absorption amount reaches 61.2 percent of the self weight of the material.
Embodiment 2:
the embodiment provides an attapulgite-based wood fiber composite humidity-controlling material, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: plant fiber: attapulgite clay: calcium chloride = 1: 1.25: 0.169.
the preparation method of the attapulgite-based wood fiber composite humidity controlling material comprises the following steps:
taking 2g of primary wood pulp, adding 100g of deionized water, soaking for 30min, and homogenizing for 3min for 10 times by a homogenizer to obtain 2wt% wood fiber slurry; taking 5g of attapulgite, adding 95g of deionized water, and pulping for 30min at 10000rpm of a pulping machine to obtain 5wt% of attapulgite slurry; taking 4g of 5wt% attapulgite clay slurry, adding 8g of 2wt% wood fiber slurry, 0.0278g of calcium chloride and 0g of deionized water, pulping at high speed and mixing uniformly; pouring the mixed sample into a mould to carry out quick freezing at-196 ℃; and (4) carrying out freeze-drying treatment on the frozen sample to finally obtain the attapulgite-based composite humidity-regulating material. The density of the obtained sample was 0.046g/cm3BET specific surface area 54m2 g-1, maximum moisture absorption 53.5% of the material's own weight.
Embodiment 3:
the embodiment provides an attapulgite-based bamboo fiber composite humidity-controlling material which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: plant fiber: attapulgite clay: calcium chloride = 1: 4: 0.265.
the preparation method of the attapulgite bamboo fiber composite humidity controlling material comprises the following steps:
taking 2g of primary bamboo pulp, adding 100g of deionized water, soaking for 30min, homogenizing for 3min each time for 10 times by a homogenizer to obtain 2wt% bamboo fiber pulp; taking 5g of attapulgite, adding 95g of deionized water, and pulping for 30min at 10000rpm of a pulping machine to obtain 5wt% of attapulgite slurry; taking 4g of 5wt% attapulgite clay slurry, adding 2.5g of 2wt% bamboo fiber slurry, 0.0132g of calcium chloride and 3.5g of deionized water, pulping at high speed and mixing uniformly; pouring the mixed sample into a mould to carry out quick freezing at-196 ℃; and (4) carrying out freeze-drying treatment on the frozen sample to finally obtain the attapulgite-based composite humidity-regulating material. The density of the obtained sample was 0.037g/cm3BET specific surface area 69m2·g-1At the mostThe large moisture absorption amount reaches 44.8 percent of the self weight of the material.
Embodiment 4:
the embodiment provides an attapulgite-based bamboo fiber composite humidity-controlling material which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: plant fiber: attapulgite clay: calcium chloride = 1: 4: 0.265.
the preparation method of the attapulgite bamboo fiber composite humidity controlling material comprises the following steps:
taking 2g of primary wood pulp, adding 100g of deionized water, soaking for 30min, and homogenizing for 3min for 10 times by a homogenizer to obtain 2wt% wood fiber slurry; taking 5g of attapulgite, adding 95g of deionized water, and pulping for 30min at 10000rpm of a pulping machine to obtain 5wt% of attapulgite slurry; taking 4g of 5wt% attapulgite clay slurry, adding 2.5g of 2wt% wood fiber slurry, 0.0132g of calcium chloride, 0.8g of 2wt% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution and 2.7g of deionized water, pulping at high speed and mixing uniformly; pouring the mixed sample into a mould to carry out quick freezing at-196 ℃; and (4) carrying out freeze-drying treatment on the frozen sample to finally obtain the attapulgite-based composite humidity-regulating material. The density of the obtained sample is 0.041g/cm3BET specific surface area 72..3m2·g-1The maximum moisture absorption amount is 51.7 percent of the material self weight.
Fig. 1 and 2 are SEM electron micrographs of the attapulgite-based plant fiber composite humidity control material, in fig. 1, it can be seen that a large amount of attapulgite is attached to the plant fiber, and in fig. 2, it can be seen that the attapulgite attached to the fiber is well dispersed and forms a large amount of nano-scale pores.
As shown in FIG. 3, which is a pore size distribution curve diagram of the attapulgite-based plant fiber composite humidity controlling material, it can be seen that the pore size distribution is mainly below 8nm, and meets the requirement of the humidity controlling material on the pore size.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concepts and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the embodiments is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The attapulgite or bentonite-based plant fiber composite humidity-controlling material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: attapulgite or bentonite: calcium chloride = 1: 1-5: 0.001 to 1; the preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: preparing plant fiber slurry by using plant fibers and deionized water, and preparing attapulgite or bentonite slurry by using attapulgite or bentonite and deionized water;
s2: mixing the plant fiber slurry with the attapulgite or bentonite slurry, adding calcium chloride and deionized water, uniformly stirring, and then carrying out deep-cooling quick-freezing to obtain a blocky solid;
s3: and (3) drying the blocky solid in vacuum at the temperature of below 20 ℃ below zero to obtain the attapulgite or bentonite-based plant fiber composite humidity-controlling material.
2. The attapulgite or bentonite-based plant fiber composite humidity controlling material as claimed in claim 1, wherein sodium carboxymethylcellulose solution with a concentration of 2wt% and a concentration of 2-8% by mass of attapulgite or bentonite is further added and uniformly stirred after calcium chloride and deionized water are added in the S2 and before deep-freezing and quick-freezing.
3. The attapulgite or bentonite-based plant fiber composite humidity controlling material as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the S1, the concentration of the plant fiber slurry is 1wt% to 2wt%, and the concentration of the attapulgite or bentonite slurry is 2wt% to 5 wt%.
4. The attapulgite or bentonite-based plant fiber composite humidity controlling material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in S2, the temperature of the deep-freezing is-80 ℃ to-200 ℃.
5. The attapulgite or bentonite-based plant fiber composite humidity controlling material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the S3, the temperature of vacuum drying is-20 ℃ to-70 ℃ and the time is 24h to 72 h.
6. The attapulgite or bentonite-based plant fiber composite humidity controlling material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the plant fiber is wood fiber, bamboo fiber or grass fiber.
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| CN201811054044.7A CN109232012B (en) | 2018-09-11 | 2018-09-11 | Attapulgite or bentonite-based plant fiber composite humidity control material |
| CN202110180250.8A CN113024270B (en) | 2018-09-11 | 2018-09-11 | Application of attapulgite or bentonite-based plant fiber composite humidity control material in heat insulation material |
| CN202110179271.8A CN112898041B (en) | 2018-09-11 | 2018-09-11 | Application of attapulgite or bentonite-based plant fiber composite humidity control material in indoor air purification |
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| CN202110180250.8A Division CN113024270B (en) | 2018-09-11 | 2018-09-11 | Application of attapulgite or bentonite-based plant fiber composite humidity control material in heat insulation material |
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| CN202110180250.8A Active CN113024270B (en) | 2018-09-11 | 2018-09-11 | Application of attapulgite or bentonite-based plant fiber composite humidity control material in heat insulation material |
| CN202110179271.8A Active CN112898041B (en) | 2018-09-11 | 2018-09-11 | Application of attapulgite or bentonite-based plant fiber composite humidity control material in indoor air purification |
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| CN202110179271.8A Active CN112898041B (en) | 2018-09-11 | 2018-09-11 | Application of attapulgite or bentonite-based plant fiber composite humidity control material in indoor air purification |
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| CN112898041A (en) | 2021-06-04 |
| CN113024270B (en) | 2022-07-15 |
| CN109232012A (en) | 2019-01-18 |
| CN112898041B (en) | 2022-07-15 |
| CN113024270A (en) | 2021-06-25 |
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