CN1449875A - Method and equipment for straightening deformed bended work piece - Google Patents
Method and equipment for straightening deformed bended work piece Download PDFInfo
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- CN1449875A CN1449875A CN 02106056 CN02106056A CN1449875A CN 1449875 A CN1449875 A CN 1449875A CN 02106056 CN02106056 CN 02106056 CN 02106056 A CN02106056 A CN 02106056A CN 1449875 A CN1449875 A CN 1449875A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a method for straightening bent and deformed shaft-type workpiece and its equipment. It is characterized by continuously hammering against the stress centralized zone on the bent deformed shaft-type workpiece to release stress, then vibrating the hammered workpiece according to a certain frequency to disperse and balance the stress so as to straighten the workpiece. Said method and equipment are simple and high in efficiency.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to the workpiece that occurs bending and deformation is carried out the method and apparatus of alignment, particularly the shaft-like workpiece that occurs bending and deformation is carried out the method and apparatus of alignment.
The technical background of invention
Usually, shaft-like workpiece, particularly bent axle are tending to take place axis tile or flexural deformation in use back or the abnormal use for a long time.Be out of shape stress high concentration district often, the most serious place, distortion exceeds standard and it is not handled as deflection of crankshaft, just bent axle can not continue to use.Therefore, be very important to the technology that continues after the flexural deformation alignment of shaft-like workpiece to use.
At present, the main brute force answer method that adopts the fire attack method or utilize jack is safeguarded in the alignment of shaft-like workpiece.Before adopting fire attack method or powerful answer method, the jerk value of shaft centre line that at first will determine workpiece is with the size of the deflection of determining workpiece.In addition, also to detect a flaw to determine whether to take place crackle to workpiece.If the shaft centre line jerk value of workpiece has exceeded the setting value that design is allowed, and the flawless generation, then can implement alignment and handle this workpiece, for example impose fire attack method or powerful answer method.
The straightening technology of above-mentioned routine all is to make the stress that one or more stress points come the original existence of balance to make shaft-like workpiece occur bending and deformation on workpiece, thereby reaches the effect of alignment.When adopting the alignment of fire attack method, because the difference between the material of various workpiece own, the operator is difficult to accurately to locate the stress application point and causes the stress that is out of shape with balance.And impose after the fire attack technology, can make the material hardening of workpiece and become fragile, in running, rupture easily through the workpiece after the alignment.Harden through modified or nitrogenize as the bent axle material, attack with fire and more should not use.
Another kind of conventional alignment method promptly adopts the answer method of suppressing of jack diastrophic workpiece can only be aligned to may approach straight level.Stress application point and dynamics size are very to be difficult to the accurately step of grasp in this technology.In addition, through workpiece that suppressing alignment for example bent axle since stress not through well disperseing, also distortion bounce-back in afterwards the running easily.The processing if the nitrogenize of bent axle material process is hardened, then fracture easily in suppressing process.The bent axle of suppressing after the alignment with jack not only can rebound at short notice, and the distortion bent axle is after alignment, no matter whether journal size is good, all axle journals will grind again.Therefore, the technology cost improves, claim for eot.
For solving all drawbacks of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of method and apparatus that is used for diastrophic shaft-like workpiece is carried out alignment of novelty, the workpiece flexural deformation that has uneven stress to cause with elimination.
Of the present invention open
Therefore, one of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of method that is used for diastrophic shaft-like workpiece is carried out alignment, may further comprise the steps:
I) workpiece support that will occur bending and deformation and being fixed on the fixture;
Ii) the stress that the diastrophic low spot position of described workpiece is beaten continuously to impel this position is released;
Iii) will vibrate so that the residual stress in the workpiece evenly distributes down in certain frequency through the workpiece of continuous hammering.
In according to the present invention, before diastrophic workpiece is fixing, further comprise the step of determining workpiece flexural deformation position.This step is that those of ordinary skills are known, for example, measures the jerk value of the shaft centre line of shaft-like workpiece with planimeter, and the position that the planimeter data presented has surpassed the distortion feasible value of design is the low spot position, is the position that must beat.
In the present invention, the dynamics of described hammering is determined according to the case hardness of workpiece, produces the tangible vestige that hits with the surface that does not cause workpiece and is advisable.Generally, beating frequency is per minute about 800 times, is preferably per minute more than 800 times, most preferably is per minute more than 1000 times.
Use method of the present invention can alignment with reluctant workpiece of conventional method such as bent axle.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the vibration frequency in the vibrating step is preferably carried out under the workpiece resonant frequency, to reach the abundant balance of stress.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of equipment that is used for diastrophic workpiece is carried out alignment, comprising:
The fixture that is used for supporting workpiece and fixation workpiece;
Be used for hammering device that workpiece is beaten continuously, comprise the pneumatic hammer mechanism that can connect the low spot position of beating curved workpieces;
Vibrating device is used for above-mentioned workpiece through beating is vibrated; And
Control device is used to control the hammering frequency and the hammering dynamics of hammering device and the vibration frequency of vibrating device and direction of vibration.
In alignment equipment of the present invention, fixture can be conventional other devices that use in the V-shaped rest of support bends workpiece and this area.Comprise bracing or strutting arrangement in the fixture, the support of a similar jack for example can be set under the position that workpiece need be beaten, it not only plays fixation workpiece, also plays supporting workpiece, makes the effect of hammering more effective.
The said equipment of the present invention can comprise a base, and above-mentioned vibrating device and V-shaped rest removably are placed on this base successively.Transportable upright beam before and after one side of base is provided with, crossbeam can move up and down along Li Liang.Hammering device is fixed on the crossbeam and can be along the crossbeam move left and right.
In the present invention, hammering device comprises hammering pressure and beats all adjustable pneumatic hammer mechanism of frequency.In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, hammering device comprises that further one limits the qualification mechanism that direction is beaten by pneumatic hammer mechanism, and as a fan-shaped guide rail, pneumatic hammer mechanism can move in this fan-shaped guide rail, to keep described pneumatic hammer hammer pin and hammering face perpendicular.Described fan-shaped guide rail further comprises a locking mechanism, is used to guarantee that described pneumatic hammer mechanism (15) can not swing in the course of the work.
The hammering intensity of pneumatic hammer mechanism is decided according to the material of workpiece, usually not cause the obvious scar of surface of the work to be advisable.Beating frequency is advisable more than 800 times at per minute usually.Preferred per minute is beaten more than 1000 times.
According to the present invention, have the hammering repeatedly of certain frequency by low spot position to diastrophic workpiece, make the stress of curved workpieces area of stress concentration obtain discharging and disperseing.It is with to utilize jack to suppress the answer method different, and the hammering position of hammering device of the present invention is the compression concentration zones of workpiece, and the uneven stress of the inside of curved workpieces has obtained readjusting in the process of beating.In addition, because each pressure of beating is suitable, the defective that the pressure discomfort causes when having avoided using jack.Thereby, in vibration processes subsequently, will can not make workpiece that significantly distortion takes place through the workpiece after beating.
Although the stress of the workpiece inside after beating is readjusted, for avoiding deformation-recovery, workpiece must be vibrated, with the stress of further balance workpiece inside.In equipment of the present invention, further comprise a vibrating device, be used for vibrating through the workpiece of beating.According in the present invention, described vibrating device preferably can make workpiece vibrate on all directions, and can guarantee that the vibration of long workpiece can integral body carry out, with the stress in the balance curved workpieces of abundant distribution.
Comprise control device in the equipment of the present invention, in order to the hammering intensity and the frequency of control hammering device, and the vibration frequency of vibrating device and direction.Can adopt a control device to come also can be adopted control device separately respectively to the controlling of described pneumatic hammer mechanism and described vibrating mechanism, this belongs to the knowledge of those of ordinary skills' routine.This area common technique personnel can know how to design control device, as realizing the vibration frequency that vibrating device is different with adjustable motor.
Brief description of drawings
Fig. 1 schematically illustrates the equipment that is used for diastrophic shaft-like workpiece is carried out alignment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 schematically illustrates above-mentioned being used for the pneumatic hammer that diastrophic shaft-like workpiece carries out the equipment of alignment is moved on to the low spot position that the need of workpiece are beaten;
Fig. 3 schematically illustrates above-mentioned being used for diastrophic shaft-like workpiece is carried out the situation that the pneumatic hammer of the equipment of alignment is beaten workpiece;
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 schematically illustrate above-mentioned being used for diastrophic shaft-like workpiece are carried out workpiece is movably beaten by the pneumatic hammer mechanism of the equipment of alignment in fan-shaped track situation.
The specific embodiment of the present invention
Followingly be described in further detail the method and apparatus that is used for diastrophic shaft-like workpiece is carried out alignment of the present invention with reference to accompanying drawing.
With reference to figure 1, it schematically illustrates the equipment that carries out alignment that is used for diastrophic shaft-like workpiece of the present invention.Label 1 indication equipment base.Upright beam 2 is perpendicular to base 1 and can move forward and backward along a side of base 1.Crossbeam 3 is removable about in the of 2 along upright beam.
Removably be provided with vibrating device 4 above the base 1, be used for fixing and support the top that the V-shaped rest 5 for the treatment of alignment workpiece 6 is positioned at base 1.
When shaft-like workpiece is carried out alignment, workpiece is fixed on the V-shaped rest 5, at first utilize conventional method to measure the jerk value and the material hardness of the shaft centre line of workpiece, determine the diastrophic position of shaft-like workpiece.Workpiece is locked on the V support, utilizes planimeter to determine to surpass on the workpiece low spot position of design feasible value, promptly need the bending position of alignment.The low spot position that makes workpiece then is towards pneumatic hammer striker 13.Can place the support of a similar jack under the hammering position of workpiece, the position that beat workpiece supports.
According to the jerk value and the hardness of above-mentioned definite shaft centre line, utilize pneumatic hammer control device 14 that the air pressure of pneumatic hammer is set and beat frequency, with automatic fixed middle sleeve 12 alignment pieces low spot positions, the pneumatic hammer striker is the contact workpiece surface just.Start-up control device 14 is beaten workpiece low spot position so that pneumatic hammer mechanism 10 works.Pneumatic hammer is set by the hardness parameter of workpiece material the hammering dynamics of workpiece, can not causing the hole point for suitable on the surface of the work of beating.The frequency that pneumatic hammer is beaten and the hammering time of every bit are set according to the jerk value of workpiece spindle center line, its objective is and the stress at workpiece low spot position will be disperseed by such hammering repeatedly or discharge, workpiece can make stress evenly distribute on whole work-piece in vibrating step subsequently, thereby makes during workpiece returns at an easy rate naturally.Repeating said process is returned in the design permissible range until the jerk value of the shaft centre line of workpiece and gets final product.
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, pneumatic hammer mechanism 10 is can be along fan-shaped guide rail 9 move left and right, so the hammering of pneumatic hammer can be carried out at all low spot positions of workpiece in the process of beating under the control of control device 14.For the bigger shaft-like workpiece of diameter, can control slide mechanism 8 with conventional method and beat one by one with low spot position large diameter workpiece along crossbeam 3 move left and right.
When the low spot position of workpiece when axis of workpiece distributes, upright beam 2 can guarantee that along moving forward and backward of base 1 10 pairs of all areas of stress concentration of workpiece of pneumatic hammer mechanism beat.
After hammering finishes, remove hammering device 7.Drive 4 pairs of workpiece of vibrating device by control device 14 and carry out dither through beating.The purpose of dither is will further discharge the stress in the workpiece and make residual stress distribution even.This helps continuing to be difficult for during one's term of military service rebound deformation once more to workpiece, reaches the purpose of safe handling.Based on this purpose, those of ordinary skills can set the frequency and the time of vibration of vibrating device according to actual conditions.
The present invention can be used to eliminate the stress of axle class, steel construction or the welding work pieces of various productions or maintenance.
Claims (16)
1. method that is used for diastrophic shaft-like workpiece is carried out alignment may further comprise the steps:
With the workpiece support that occured bending and deformation and be fixed on the fixture;
The diastrophic low spot position of described workpiece is beaten continuously to impel this position stress to be released;
To vibrate so that the residual stress in the workpiece evenly distributes down in certain frequency through the workpiece of continuous hammering.
2. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that the dynamics of described hammering determines according to the case hardness of the degree of crook of workpiece and workpiece, produce with the surface that does not cause workpiece and significantly to beat vestige and be advisable.
3. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that the described position that needs to beat is an area of stress concentration.
4. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that the described position that needs to beat is the position of the shaft centre line jerk value of shaft-like workpiece above the design feasible value.
5. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that the frequency of described continuous hammering is per minute at least 800 times.
6. according to any method among the claim 1-5, wherein said workpiece is a bent axle.
7. equipment that is used for diastrophic workpiece is carried out alignment comprises:
The fixture that is used for supporting workpiece and fixation workpiece;
Be used for hammering device (7) that workpiece is beaten continuously, comprise the pneumatic hammer mechanism (10) that can connect the low spot position of beating curved workpieces;
Vibrating device (4) is used for above-mentioned workpiece through beating is vibrated; And
Control device (14) is used to control the hammering frequency and the hammering dynamics of hammering device (7) and the vibration frequency and the direction of vibration of vibrating device (4).
8. according to the equipment of claim 7, wherein said fixture is V-shaped rest (5).
9. equipment according to Claim 8, wherein fixture further comprises a base (1), described V-shaped rest (5) is installed in the top of described base (1).
10. according to the equipment of claim 7, described in fixture comprise bracing or strutting arrangement, be used to be supported on the position that workpiece need be beaten.
11. according to the equipment of claim 7, wherein said hammering mechanism (10) comprises a pneumatic hammer (11), an automatic fixed middle sleeve (12) and a pneumatic hammer striker (13).
12. according to the equipment of claim 7, wherein hammering device (7) comprises that further one limits the qualification mechanism that direction is beaten by pneumatic hammer mechanism.
13. according to the equipment of claim 12, the qualification mechanism that direction is beaten by wherein said qualification pneumatic hammer mechanism comprises a fan-shaped guide rail, is used for described pneumatic hammer mechanism (10) and changes in the hammering process and beat direction, to keep pneumatic hammer striker and hammering face perpendicular.
14. according to the equipment of claim 13, wherein said fan-shaped guide rail further comprises a locking mechanism, is used for guaranteeing that described pneumatic hammer mechanism (10) is maintained fixed at moving process.
15. according to the equipment of claim 14, wherein said vibrating mechanism comprises one or more vibrators that workpiece is vibrated on all directions.
16. according to the described equipment of any claim among the claim 7-15, wherein said workpiece is a bent axle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02106056 CN1246100C (en) | 2002-04-09 | 2002-04-09 | Method and equipment for straightening deformed bended work piece |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02106056 CN1246100C (en) | 2002-04-09 | 2002-04-09 | Method and equipment for straightening deformed bended work piece |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1449875A true CN1449875A (en) | 2003-10-22 |
| CN1246100C CN1246100C (en) | 2006-03-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02106056 Expired - Fee Related CN1246100C (en) | 2002-04-09 | 2002-04-09 | Method and equipment for straightening deformed bended work piece |
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| CN (1) | CN1246100C (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101966538A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2011-02-09 | 南车资阳机车有限公司 | Manual straightening device of engine crankshaft |
| CN101507972B (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2011-03-23 | 宝钢集团常州轧辊制造公司 | Repair method of straightening roll of cold-rolling wide thick plate |
| CN102489558A (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2012-06-13 | 南车长江车辆有限公司 | Device for regulation and repair of deformation of crossing bar of lorry, and use method thereof |
| CN103128136A (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2013-06-05 | 哈尔滨东安汽车动力股份有限公司 | Method of eliminating bending deflection of tufftriding forged steel crank shaft |
| CN103934386A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2014-07-23 | 吴雪峰 | High-frequency vibration wire rod straightening device and using method thereof |
| CN114262787A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2022-04-01 | 北京理工大学 | Large-scale crankshaft deformation control device |
| CN116197322A (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2023-06-02 | 江苏恒达微波技术开发有限公司 | Destressing bending device for feed probe production |
-
2002
- 2002-04-09 CN CN 02106056 patent/CN1246100C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101507972B (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2011-03-23 | 宝钢集团常州轧辊制造公司 | Repair method of straightening roll of cold-rolling wide thick plate |
| CN101966538A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2011-02-09 | 南车资阳机车有限公司 | Manual straightening device of engine crankshaft |
| CN101966538B (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-12-26 | 南车资阳机车有限公司 | Manual straightening device of engine crankshaft |
| CN103128136A (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2013-06-05 | 哈尔滨东安汽车动力股份有限公司 | Method of eliminating bending deflection of tufftriding forged steel crank shaft |
| CN102489558A (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2012-06-13 | 南车长江车辆有限公司 | Device for regulation and repair of deformation of crossing bar of lorry, and use method thereof |
| CN102489558B (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2014-07-16 | 南车长江车辆有限公司 | Device for regulation and repair of deformation of crossing bar of lorry, and use method thereof |
| CN103934386A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2014-07-23 | 吴雪峰 | High-frequency vibration wire rod straightening device and using method thereof |
| CN103934386B (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2015-12-02 | 吴雪峰 | Dither wire rod straightener and using method thereof |
| CN114262787A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2022-04-01 | 北京理工大学 | Large-scale crankshaft deformation control device |
| CN116197322A (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2023-06-02 | 江苏恒达微波技术开发有限公司 | Destressing bending device for feed probe production |
| CN116197322B (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2023-12-29 | 江苏恒达微波技术开发有限公司 | Destressing bending device for feed probe production |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1246100C (en) | 2006-03-22 |
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Granted publication date: 20060322 Termination date: 20140409 |